Consumption Trends Research Articles

Economic insights into A2 milk: Production costs and consumption trends in southern Karnataka

Economic insights into A2 milk: Production costs and consumption trends in southern Karnataka

Consumption trends and policies under scrutinisation

Consumption trends and policies under scrutinisation

Using Logistics Companies to Regulate Online Food Safety: Feasibility and Impacts Based on Social Cogovernance in China

China’s traditional governance model, featuring localized management by local governments, has been unable to effectively manage the increasing cross-regional flow of food safety risks caused by the emerging trends in online food consumption. This weakness highlights the urgent need to reform the online food safety regulation mechanism. To support this effort, this study uses the social cogovernance framework to investigate the effects of regulation by logistics companies on the behavioral strategy choices of sellers and the social cogovernance level. This study constructs a three-party evolutionary game model among online food sellers, platforms, and logistics companies authorized by the government to regulate online food safety. The equilibrium points are verified by Matlab numerical simulation, and the relationship between equilibrium points and social cogovernance level is also examined. The results show that (1) The probability of sampling inspection, financial penalties imposed by the government, financial subsidies, and financial penalties within the supply chain influence logistics companies in fulfilling their responsibilities for regulating online food safety; (2)Utilizing logistics companies to regulate online food safety has a restraining effect on sellers’ risky behaviors, effectively mitigating online food safety risks;.(3)Different equilibrium points in the system represent varying levels of social cogovernance, and leveraging logistics companies to regulate challenging online food safety can enhance the system’s social cogovernance level. Based on these results, this study supports the feasibility and impacts of utilizing logistics companies to regulate online food safety.

Household Fuelwood Consumption and Its Implication for Carbon Dioxide Emission

This review paper aims to gather informative data on the impact of climate extremes on the physical environment, public health, and the livelihoods of people in Ethiopia. The primary sources of data for this review were peer-reviewed journal articles obtained from electronic databases such as PubMed, Central, Scopus, and Web of Science. Globally, the vast majority of households in developing countries depend on wood energy for their daily energy needs. Such consumption trends are expected to remain a common feature of traditional wood energy production and consumption, at least in the short- to medium-terms. This situation increases the demand for firewood and charcoal from the forest. The process of harvesting standing trees for charcoal and fire wood leads to forest degradation. Although woody biomass has the function of energy consumption, and as a source of income for rural villagers and urban poor dwellers practicing agriculture, wood energy generally has low priority in national policies of developing countries. However, unsustainable management and negative environmental consequences in humid and dry forests is derived from the use of fuel wood energy. Still now there is an unsystematic assessment of the economic contribution and environmental consequences of wood energy use, so its significance and consequences have been minimized. This deforestation and forest degradation contributes 1–2.4 Gt CO2e of greenhouse gases, which is 2–7% of global anthropogenic emissions, with global greenhouse gas emissions mostly CO2.

Trends in sustainable consumption: Adoption of halal packaged food among millennial

Trends in sustainable consumption: Adoption of halal packaged food among millennial

Study Case: Company Valuation and Forecasting Financial Trends at PT PP London Sumatera Indonesia (LSIP)

PT PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk (LSIP) is a company that has been established in Indonesia since 1906 and started its IPO in 1996 with an IPO price of Rp4.650 for each share. Even though the company’s performance is going well and the trend of palm oil consumption in Indonesia is increasing, the share price of PT PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk has fluctuated and even decreased when compared to the initial IPO price and share prices in the last 5 years. So this raises the question of how the company’s stock performance will be in the next few years. In this research, the author begins by analyzing the macro-environment which may have an impact on the company and industry, then the author carries out an analysis of the financial statements of the company and its competitors. Apart from that, the author also tries to forecast the company’s financial performance and then continue with company valuation analysis using the discounted cash flow method. After getting the valuation results, the author tries to see the company’s level of sensitivity using scenario analysis and also carries out capital structure analysis to find the optimal capital structure. Based on the results of financial performance analysis, Lonsum (LSIP) has better financial performance compared to its competitors except for assets turnover. And then based on the results of discounted cash flow analysis, this company is not yet worthy of being a place for us to invest. And the last based on all the results of the previous analysis, when compared with competing companies, LSIP is a company that has quite a lot of potential as a place to invest. However, currently the company still has to look for a catalyst in order to become a company that is worthy of being a place for us to invest. Based on the result, the author suggest the reader to continue to collect information related to PT PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk, other competitors and plantation in similar industries to find catalysts that have positive impact on the company, and invest when the company has a positive catalyst.

Changes In People's Consumption Patterns In The Digital Era: A Study On The Millennial Generation

The millennial generation, born between the early 1980s and early 2000s, grew up in the era of digital technology that affects their consumption patterns. This study uses a qualitative approach with case study design, collecting data through in-depth interviews, case studies, and participatory observations, which are analyzed thematically. The results show that millennials prefer online shopping through e-commerce platforms, influenced by social media and influencers, and prioritizing experience over goods ownership. They are also sensitive to social and environmental values in choosing products. The use of mobile apps for transactions and product reviews is very dominant, although challenges related to data privacy and information reliability are major concerns. This research reveals the need for content-based marketing strategies, product and service customization, and increased transparency and data security to build consumer trust. These findings provide in-depth insights into the consumption dynamics of millennials in the digital era, offering guidance for companies to develop more adaptive and innovative strategies in the face of evolving consumption trends.

Effects of different decaffeination methods on caffeine contents, physicochemical, and sensory properties of coffee

Abstract Coffee consumption could provide various benefits for human health, but also could contribute to several health problems. The growing trend of coffee consumption has created a rising demand for decaffeinated coffee that is safe for consumers with low caffeine tolerance. Decaffeination process, however, can result in the alteration of several properties of coffee which affect overall coffee taste. This review discussed current decaffeination methods such as water decaffeination, solvent decaffeination, supercritical decaffeination, and biodecaffeination which includes their mechanisms, benefits, and drawbacks as well as their effect in the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of coffee. Solvent decaffeination has showed potential improvements in the future such as the incorporation of membrane and ultrasonic technology. In addition, the mathematical model for caffeine diffusion has been arranged according to Fick’s second law of diffusion, based upon spherical and rectangular coordinates with several assumptions. Further research should be aimed to maintain the properties of coffee after decaffeination process. Furthermore, utilizing new solvents that are safe and non-toxic will potentially be favorable research in the development of decaffeination methods in the future.

Expanding our understanding of long-term trends in alcohol abstention and consumption in England (2001-19) using two age-period-cohort approaches.

Alcohol consumption has decreased in England in recent decades, while alcohol-specific death rates have remained relatively stable. Age-period-cohort (APC) models offer the potential for understanding these paradoxical trends. This study aimed to use an APC model approach to measure long-term trends in alcohol abstention and consumption in England from 2001 to 2019. The study used grouped and proxy-variable APC models of repeat cross-sectional survey data, set in England (2001-19). Participants were residents in England aged 13 years or over who took part in the Health Survey for England. Outcome variables were alcohol abstention and consumption in units. We created nine age groups (13-15, 16-17, 18-24, 25-34, until 65-74 and 75+, reference 45-54 years), four periods (2001-04, 2005-09, 2010-14 to 2015-19, reference 2005-09) and 18 5-year birth cohorts (1915-19 to 2000-04, reference 1960-64). We proxied age effects (systolic and diastolic blood pressure), period effects (alcohol affordability, internet usage and household alcohol expenditure) and birth cohort effects (prevalence of smoking and prevalence of overweight). The odds of abstaining were considerably larger at young ages, 13-15 years [odds ratio (OR) = 5.38; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.50-6.43], were lowest during the first period, 2001-04 (OR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.79-0.86) and had a U-shaped pattern by birth cohort. For units of alcohol, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) increased until age 18-24 years (IRR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.34-1.48) and decreased afterwards, were highest during the first period, 2001-04 (IRR = 1.07; 95% CI = 1.05-1.08) and showed an inverted J-shape by birth cohort. Our proxy variable approach revealed that using blood pressure measures, alcohol affordability and prevalence of overweight as proxies resulted in APC effects that differed from our base-case model. However, internet usage, household expenditure on alcohol and smoking prevalence resulted in APC effects similar to our base-case model. The discrepancy between decreasing alcohol consumption and increasing alcohol-related deaths observed in England from 2001 to 2019 may, in part, be explained by the halt in abstention trends since 2010 and a slight consumption decline since 2001.

Explorations of Integrated Multi-Energy Strategy under Energy Simulation by DeST 3.0: A Case Study of College Dining Hall

Buildings characterized by high energy consumption necessitate the implementation of efficient multi-energy complementary systems to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction objectives. College dining halls use a lot more electricity than typical residential buildings, despite their relatively small size. The dining hall at the Dongshan Campus of Shanxi University is employed as a representative case study in this research. By utilizing DeST 3.0 software, a comprehensive dynamic load analysis is conducted to estimate the annual energy consumption of the dining hall, with the ultimate goal of an energy-saving system being proposed based on the analysis results. Leveraging DeST 3.0 software, dynamic load characteristics were assessed, revealing an annual energy consumption of 2.39 × 106 kWh for the dining hall. Cooling accounted for 0.91 × 106 kWh, while heating requirements amounted to 0.24 × 106 kWh. These findings illustrate peak power consumption trends, seasonal variations, and potential avenues for energy conservation. To satisfy the heating, cooling, and electricity demands of the dining hall, an integrated energy system incorporating solar and wind energy, as well as utilizing restaurant kitchen garbage as a biomass source, was proposed. This study compares two solar energy utilization systems: photothermal and photovoltaic, with total capacities of 2.375 × 106 kWh and 2.52 × 106 kWh, respectively. The research outcomes underscore that Strategy 2, which integrates a photovoltaic system with wind and biomass energy, emerges as the optimal approach for load management. Ultimately, this investigation demonstrates the feasibility and promise of constructing a hybrid renewable energy system within a college dining hall setting, aligning with sustainability objectives and global trends toward environmentally responsible energy solutions.

Longitudinal Trends in In-Patient Antibiotic Consumption According to the WHO Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) Antibiotic Groups and Cost: An Analysis of Data at a National Antimicrobial Consumption Network (NAC-NET) Site in North India over 7 Years (2017-2023).

(1) Background: Antibiotic surveillance data are crucial to map out strategies to promote their optimal use at hospital and community levels. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of longitudinal trends in antibiotic consumption over 7 years at a core "National Antimicrobial Consumption Network" site in North India. (2) Methods: In-patient antibiotic consumption data (2017-2023) were obtained from the hospital's central drug store and organised as follows: defined daily dose per 100 bed-days; antibiotic consumption as per the WHO access, watch and reserve classification; trends in overall and different antibiotic classes' consumption; paediatric formulations of antibiotics; and hospital's annual expenditure on antibiotics. (3) Results: During the 7-year study period, no significant trend could be observed in the overall antibiotic consumption (average annual percent change, AAPC: 9.22; 95% CI: -16.46, 34.9) and cost (AAPC: 13.55; -13.2, 40.3). There was a higher proportion of the consumption of antibiotics in the "reserve" group from 2021 onwards compared to previous years, but the overall trend over 7 years was not significant (AAPC: 319.75; -137.6, 777.1). Antibiotic combinations, classified under the WHO "not recommended" category, comprised a significant proportion of antibiotics consumed. A remarkably increased consumption of azithromycin and doxycycline was recorded during 2020 and 2021, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. (4) Conclusions: Some recommendations to optimise antibiotic use are promoting the use of narrow spectrum "access" group agents; linking antimicrobial resistance and consumption data to formulate effective therapeutic and prophylactic antibiotic use guidelines; and the adoption of restrictive antibiotic policy.

Responsible consumption trend in Generation Z and millennials its impact on SDG 12. A Peruvian case study

PurposeThis study aims to analyze the responsible consumption of Generation Z and millennials in the Latin American market, with special emphasis on the Peruvian case, to identify their differences with consumers born in 1980 and earlier and to evaluate their contribution to Sustainable Development Goal 12.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted on a sample of 309 persons living in Lima. After developing and validating an instrument, an online questionnaire was used to collect data. These data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially, using chi-square tests to validate the relationship between variables.FindingsThe study identifies and explains the new trend of responsible consumption among Generation Z and millennials in emerging markets, where end consumers interact with and prefer products and services from companies that demonstrate responsible behavior and offer trust. It identifies new consumption variables that go beyond the traditional ones.Research limitations/implicationsThe study reveals a trend in the responsible consumption of Generation Z and millennials in Peru. However, it is necessary to complement the study in other countries in the region, as well as to study the new generations, such as the alpha generation and their consumption patterns.Practical implicationsThe new trend of responsible consumption among Generation Z and millennials is forcing companies to implement strategies and develop corporate social responsibility programs. These companies must demonstrate ethical, environmental, socially responsible and sustainable behaviors in their daily operations to satisfy their stakeholders.Originality/valueThe study reveals a new trend in Peru, a developing country, where the market – the end consumer – is more informed and therefore demands better corporate performance from companies, including care for the environment and a contribution to society that includes a good relationship with its stakeholders.

Energy, demand for computing power and the Green World

The review looks at the main trends in global energy production and consumption over the last half century, based on P.L. Kapitza’s 1975 analysis using a unified approach based on the Umov–Poynting vector. Such aspects of the problem as the impact of energy consumption on gross national product per capita, reasons for different approaches of countries to the transition to renewable energy sources, existing sources of energy, global distribution of its production and consumption, features and prospects of different energy technologies, as well as technologies to reduce energy consumption are touched upon. Thus, since 1975, the price of one kilowatt-hour of "solar" electricity has fallen by orders of magnitude and this technology has moved to the forefront, while fusion still remains the "energy of the future" and coal continues to hold its position in the market. Somewhat unexpectedly, electronics and telecommunications have become a major consumer of energy, urging a shift from von Neumann architecture to neuromorphic technology in computers and the development of femto and attowatt optoelectronics. And a totally unforeseen energy consumer has been cryptocurrency mining. On the other hand, the harvesting of dissipated energy in a variety of ways is seen as an environmentally friendly alternative to the use of batteries in low and ultra-low-power devices.

Enhancing water efficiency programming in the City of Calgary

ABSTRACT This article presents the steps undertaken in a two-phase study to enhance the City of Calgary's (the City) water efficiency programming for indoor and outdoor industrial, commercial, and institutional (ICI) customers and outdoor residential customers. Study objectives included evaluating programs in other urban jurisdictions for suitability to Calgary, and developing short-, medium-, and long-term recommendations for water efficiency programming for the City. Phase I of the study included a literature review of Calgary's water consumption trends and explored over 150 water efficiency programs implemented across jurisdictions in North America, identifying a subset of 33 programs for further evaluation. Phase II evaluated program options through an integrated assessment, including gap, Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats, and cost-benefit analysis. An implementation strategy was developed for seven water efficiency programs, grouped into complementary bundles of indoor and outdoor ICI and residential landscape transformation programs. The study also identified areas for further research, and key supporting elements or ‘success factors’ for water efficiency programming in the City. This article adds value to the discussion on approaches to select suitable indoor and outdoor ICI and outdoor residential water efficiency programs, and aids in informing the City's current and future strategic water planning and programs.

The spatial pattern, driving factors and evolutionary trend of energy cooperation and consumption in the “Belt and Road Initiative” countries

Controlling the sustained growth of energy consumption is a common concern worldwide. This research focuses on energy consumption in the “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI) countries, which play a crucial role in shaping the global energy market, to enhance energy cooperation among them. Our methodology involves analyzing the spatial-temporal energy cooperation pattern among these countries, identifying the main drivers, and forecasting the future scale and structure of energy consumption in each BRI country. The results show that: (1) Following the “Belt and Road Initiative”, energy cooperation among BRI countries has been strengthened, with Poland, the Russian Federation, and India playing more vital roles in this cooperation network; (2) Affluent level and energy intensity are the main drivers of energy consumption. The former contributes to the growth of energy consumption and is relatively more important in developing BRI countries, while the latter shows adverse effects, especially in more developed BRI countries. Population scale also contributes to the growth of energy consumption, but its effect is minor and diminishing; (3) Future energy consumption in BRI countries shows an overall upward trend. Reducing energy consumption will still be a major challenge confronting BRI countries, especially China, the Russian Federation, India, and Indonesia.

STUDY ON ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SOIL USING STONE DUST AND BAGASSE ASH

In the discipline of civil engineering, soil stabilization is the process of enhancing and improving the engineering qualities of soil so that it can support large loads without failing. The safe and efficient disposal of waste material without causing harm to society is a significant concern in a well-managed ecosystem. Utilizing solid waste products to stabilize soil has become more popular recently as a successful way to manage trash from many sectors. This paper reviews the usage of various solid waste items that have been applied to stabilize soft soils. However, there are numerous approaches and strategies for stabilizing this soil. This research offers a method for stabilizing soft soil using waste products. An investigation into the stabilizing potential of bagasse ash and sisal fiber for highly compressible clayey soil has been prompted by the rising expense of building traditional stabilizers and the necessity of inexpensively consuming industrial and agricultural wastes for value trade. There is a growing demand for sustainable construction, which is why recent research has concentrated on sustainable resource consumption trends. We can employ natural and biodegradable resources, as well as waste products, to obtain. This study was a large-scale laboratory experiment to explore the use of natural fibers, industrial waste, and agricultural waste to improve the engineering qualities of moderately compressible clay. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Stone Dust and Bagasse Ash were suitable for stabilizing clayey soil. The results of testing for consistency limits, maximum dry density, optimal moisture content, UCS, and (soaked) CBR were obtained using percentages of 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of dry soil for Bagasse Ash and 6%, 8%, and 10% for Stone Dust. In this work, expansive soil was stabilized using Stone Dust and Bagasse Ash. Bagasse Ash was fixed at 15%, after that Stone Dust was changed to 3%, 6%, and 9%. Key Words: Compaction test, CBR, UCS, Stone Dust, Bagasse Ash

Exploring Milk Consumption Trends and Cow Milk Health Benefits Awareness: A Consumer Analysis in Anand and Vidyanagar Cities

Exploring Milk Consumption Trends and Cow Milk Health Benefits Awareness: A Consumer Analysis in Anand and Vidyanagar Cities

Are Peruvians moving toward healthier diets with lower environmental burden? Household consumption trends for the period 2008–2021

AbstractPeru is one of the most diverse countries in the world in terms of food production, but also suffers a wide range of food security challenges, including malnutrition, the impact of natural hazards, and rising food prices. People living in poverty conditions are the main victims of these problems, which trigger undernutrition, obesity, and diet‐related non‐transmittable diseases. Despite these challenges, Peru lacks historical food intake data. Therefore, in the current study, we assess the diet quality evolution in the period 2008–2021 based on apparent household purchases extracted from the National Household Survey. The results reveal significant variations in the consumption of certain food items and groups, and the consequences of these changes are discussed in environmental and human health terms. The consumption of lower environmental impact animal protein, such as chicken, eggs, and marine fish, has increased by 37%, 69%, and 29%, respectively; whereas the consumption of high environmental impact foods, such as beef and other red meat, has decreased. Moreover, consumption of less processed carbohydrate sources (e.g., legumes, fruits, and vegetables) has risen, while refined sugar and sugar‐sweetened beverages have decreased significantly (almost 45%). Regional differences were also visible; hence, cities on the Northern coast and the Amazon basin had similar consumption habits, whereas Central/Southern coastal and Andean cities had closer consumption patterns. On average, this improvement was reflected in the increase in calories (9.9%) and macronutrient intake (up to 15%), but at the socioeconomic level, food inequality persists, with consumption of many food groups below minimum thresholds in lower socioeconomic strata. This article met the requirements for a gold/gold JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.

Assessing daily patterns in stimulant use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Melbourne, Australia using wastewater analysis

During the COVID-19 pandemic, one of Australia’s biggest cities, Melbourne, experienced three major isolation (“lockdown”) periods in 2020 (160 days) and in 2021 (111 days) which makes it one of the most locked down cities world-wide. This study assessed how the pandemic affected temporal trends in methamphetamine, MDMA and cocaine consumption using wastewater-based epidemiology. Daily samples were collected for most of 2020 and 2021 (n = 660 days). Concentrations were measured using direct-injection LC-MS/MS and back-calculated to consumption estimates. Results indicate that methamphetamine use was increasing before the first lockdown and decreased after the end of the first lockdown in 2020. Methamphetamine trends appeared to have remained steady throughout the second lockdown period before increasing steeply after it ended. For most of 2020, cocaine use remained steady, with an increase after the second lockdown. MDMA use decreased after the start of the first lockdown and remained steady throughout most of 2020 and 2021. In comparison to 2020, trends in 2021 were less variable and stimulant use did not appear to be as associated with COVID-19 restrictions. Overall, this study was able to show the impact of lockdown periods and the related social restrictions on illicit stimulant use. Environmental ImplicationIllicit drugs are hazardous chemicals, of concern both to humans and the environment. While studies have been undertaken to understand their temporal trends, this work utilizes wastewater-based epidemiology and daily sampling to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of methamphetamine, MDMA and cocaine on one of the most locked-down cities in the world. Understanding the consequences of this significant intervention on illicit drug use could provide valuable insights into its potential environmental impact.

Analysis of the International Trend of Consumption of Cerquié Brand Quinoa And its Impact on the Profitability of Producers in the Guano Canton – Ecuador, 2024

Analysis of the International Trend of Consumption of Cerquié Brand Quinoa And its Impact on the Profitability of Producers in the Guano Canton – Ecuador, 2024