Consumption Of Vitamin Research Articles

Associations between physical activity levels with nutritional status, physical fitness and biochemical indicators in older adults.

A sedentary lifestyle is one of the major health concerns of all societies that is associated by an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this regard, we compared the anthropometric parameters, physical fitness (PF), lipid profile, and nutritional status of older adults with different levels of physical activity (PA). In this cross sectional study, 220 older people (age: 67.39±2.08yrs) according to their PA levels had been categorized at high (n=72), moderate (78) and low (n=70) PA groups. The International Physical Activity Questionnaires and food frequency questionnaire has been used to determine the PA and nutritional status, respectively. Waist and hip circumference, height, weight, and body mass index of subjects were measured and calculated. Both lower and upper body strength, flexibility, static and dynamic balance, and endurance performance factors were used to determine the level of PF. To assess blood biochemical factors, subjects were asked to visit the laboratory after 12h of fasting. The results showed waist circumference, hip circumference, and body fat percent were significantly lower in the high PA group compared to the low PA group in both males and females (P≤0.05). Upper body strength, lower body strength, static balance, dynamic balance flexibility and endurance were significantly better in the high PA group compared to the low PA group in both males and females (P≤0.05). Moreover, triglyceride was significantly lower in the high PA group compared to the low PA group in both males and females (P≤0.05). According to the post hoc results, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein and fasting glucose were significantly better in the high PA group compared to the low PA group in both males and females (P≤0.05). All participants regardless PA levels showed insufficient consumption of zinc, calcium, vitamin E, and vitamin D (P≤0.05). On the other hand, carbohydrate, sodium, iron, vitamin C and niacin intake significantly above recommended dietary allowance (P≤0.05). The results of the current work showed that a higher level of PA improved anthropometric indicators, PF, and lipid profile in Iranian older adults. Moreover, older nutrition should be monitor to maintain their physical health and to prevent them from developing chronic diseases and their malnutrition complications.

Consumption of avocado and associations with nutrient, food and anthropometric measures in a representative survey of Australians: a secondary analysis of the 2011-2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey.

Avocados are a rich source of nutrients including monounsaturated fats, dietary fibre, potassium and Mg, as well as phytochemicals. However, no epidemiological analysis for the associations between avocado consumption and participant anthropometric measures has been conducted in Australia. The present study aimed to perform a secondary analysis of the 2011-2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (NNPAS) to quantify avocado consumption in the Australian population and explore the associations between avocado intakes, consumption of nutrients and food groups based on the Australian Dietary Guidelines and anthropometric measurements. Usual avocado consumption in the 2011-2012, NNPAS was determined using the multiple source method regression model. The relationship between avocado consumption and intakes of key nutrients and food groups and participant weight, BMI and waist circumference were examined using linear regression. Mean avocado intake was 2·56 (95 % CI: 2·37, 2·75) grams per day with 15·9 % of Australians considered to be 'avocado consumers' (n 21526456 population size; n 12153 observations). Greater consumption (g) of avocados was associated with significantly higher consumption of monounsaturated fats, polyunsaturated fats, dietary fibre, vitamin E, Mg and potassium, as well as 'whole grains', 'vegetables', 'fruit' and 'meat and alternatives' food groups. Greater consumption (g) of avocados was associated with significantly lower consumption of carbohydrates and discretionary foods. When adjusted for covariates, greater consumption of avocados was significantly associated with a lower body weight (P = 0·034), BMI (P < 0·001) and waist circumference (P < 0·001). Avocados may be incorporated into an eating pattern and may be beneficial in weight management.

Consumption of Food Supplements during the Three COVID-19 Waves in Poland-Focus on Zinc and Vitamin D.

Food supplements (FS) are a concentrated source of vitamins, minerals, or other ingredients with nutritional or other physiological effects. Due to their easy availability, widespread advertising, and sometimes low price, increased consumption of this group of preparations has been observed. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and intake of FS during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland, with particular reference to FS containing zinc and vitamin D. It was noted that both of the above ingredients were used significantly more often by people with higher education (59.0%), with a medical background or related working in the medical field (54.5%), and/or exercising at home (60.1%). Preparations containing vitamin D were used by 22.8% of the respondents in the first wave, 37.6% in the second wave, and 32.9% in the third wave. To sum up, we showed the highest consumption of vitamin and mineral supplements, and preparations containing zinc and vitamin D were taken significantly more often by people with higher medical and related education. This indicates a high awareness of health aspects and the need for preventive measures in these groups.

Antioxidant and Bone; Protect Your Future: A Brief Review.

The global campaign of osteoporosis has been organized by the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and them introducing World Osteoporosis Day (WOD) in 1997. The day is celebrated on October 20th each year and aimed to improve the awareness of the population about disease prevention. We present some aspects of bone health and the prevention of osteoporosis related to the use of vitamins. The presenting mini-review covers a variety of sources including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and directory of open access journals (DOAJ) from 10 years ago (Oct 2009 to Oct 2019) for recent developments in the prevention of bone loss. The search was performed by using combinations of the following keywords and or their equivalents; osteoporosis, bones health, bone loss, and vitamin to find related articles about the prevention of osteoporosis by nutritional factors. The factors affecting bone are various and could begin from fetal periods to the end of life. Some of them are not changeable including age, and genetic; however, it is possible to modify some others such as poor nutrition and vitamin deficiency. Beyond vitamin D deficiency, consumption of other vitamins also is beneficial to maintain bone health. By considering the nutritional factors especially vitamins that affect bones, it is possible to have stronger bones to enjoy life in the elderly and protect your future.

Usefulness of MCP-1 Chemokine in the Monitoring of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Subjected to Intensive Dietary Intervention: A Pilot Study.

Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) plays an important role in the entire atherosclerotic process, from atherogenesis to destabilisation of the atherosclerotic plaque. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet in patients with coronary artery disease on the MCP-1 plasma concentration and to evaluate the potential usefulness of this chemokine as a marker of change in the volume and composition of coronary plaque. Material and method. As part of the dietary intervention to stop coronary atherosclerosis in computed tomography (DISCO-CT) study, patients were randomised to an intervention group (n = 40) in which the DASH diet was introduced, and to a control group (n = 39) with no dietary intervention. In the DASH group, dietary counselling was provided at all follow-up visits within 12 months of the follow-up period. MCP-1 plasma concentration was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Coronary plaque analysis was performed using a semi-automated plaque analysis software system (QAngioCT, Medis, The Netherlands). Results. In the DASH group, MCP-1 plasma concentration significantly decreased by 34.1 pg/mL (p = 0.01), while in the control group, the change in MPC-1 was not significant. Significant inverse correlations were revealed for the change in MCP-1 plasma concentration and change in the consumption of vitamin C and dietary fibre both in the DASH (r = −0.519, p = 0.0005; r = −0.353, p = 0.025, respectively) and in the control group (r = −0.488 p = 0.001; r = −0.502, p = 0.001, respectively). In patients with the highest decrease in percent atheroma volume (PAV), a significant positive correlation was observed between the change in MCP-1 plasma concentration and changes in PAV (r = 0.428, p = 0.033) and calcified plaque component (r = 0.468, p = 0.018), while the change in noncalcified plaque component correlated inversely with change in MCP1 (r = −0.459, p = 0.021). Conclusion. Dietary intervention based on the DASH diet model reduces the MCP-1plasma concentration, mostly due to an increased intake of plant-derived, fibre-rich foods and antioxidants. The change in MCP-1 plasma concentration seems to reflect changes in the atheroma volume and proportions between the calcified and non-calcified plaque elements.

Decentralized vitamin C & D dual biosensor chip: Toward personalized immune system support

Combating the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has put the spotlight on nutritional support of the immune system through consumption of vitamins C and D. Accordingly, there are urgent demands for an effective on-the-spot multi-vitamin self-testing platform that monitors the levels of these immune-supporting micronutrients for guiding precision nutrition recommendations. Herein, we present a compact bioelectronic dual sensor chip aimed at frequent on-the-spot simultaneous monitoring of the salivary vitamin C and D dynamics. The new bioelectronic chip combines a new electrocatalytic vitamin C amperometric assay along with competitive vitamin D immunoassay on neighboring electrodes, to perform selective and cross-talk free detection of both vitamins in a 10-μL saliva sample within 25 min. The distinct vitamin C or D temporal profiles obtained for different individuals after vitamin supplementation indicate the potential of the new bioelectronic chip strategy for enhancing personalized nutrition towards guiding dietary interventions to meet individual nutrition needs and promote immune system health.

Prediagnostic consumption of vitamin D, calcium and dairy products and colorectal cancer survival: results from the Newfoundland Colorectal Cancer Registry Cohort Study.

Vitamin D, Ca and dairy products are negatively associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence, but little is known of their influence on CRC survival. To investigate prediagnostic intakes of vitamin D, Ca and dairy products for their relevance to CRC prognosis, we analysed 504 CRC patients enrolled in the Newfoundland Colorectal Cancer Registry Cohort Study who were diagnosed for the first time with CRC between 1999 and 2003. Follow-up for mortality and cancer recurrence was through April 2010. Data on diet and lifestyle factors were gathered via a validated, semi-quantitative FFQ and a Personal History Questionnaire. Multivariate Cox models estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI for the relationship of prediagnostic intakes of vitamin D, Ca and dairy products with all-cause mortality (overall survival, OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) among CRC patients. We found that prediagnostic Ca intake from foods, but not total Ca intake, was negatively associated with all-cause mortality (HR for Q2 v. Q1, 0·44; 95 % CI, 0·26, 0·75). An inverse relationship was also seen in a dose-response fashion for prediagnostic cheese intake (HR for Q4 v. Q1, 0·57, 95 % CI, 0·34, 0·95, Ptrend = 0·029). No evidence for modification by sex, physical activity, alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking was observed. In summary, high prediagnostic intakes of cheese and Ca from foods may be associated with increased survival among CRC patients. By manipulating diet, this study may contribute to the development of novel therapies that add to the armamentarium against CRC. Replication studies are required before any nutritional interventions are made available.

Rural-urban determinants of vitamin a deficiency among under 5 children in Bangladesh: Evidence from National Survey 2017\u201318

BackgroundVitamin A supplementation reduces child morbidity, mortality, and blindness of people, especially in developing countries like Bangladesh. This study explores significant determinants of vitamin A deficiency among preschool children in rural and urban areas of Bangladesh.MethodsThe data set was extracted from a nationally representative survey based on a cross-sectional study, the BDHS-2017-18. The base survey was conducted using a two-stage stratified sample of households. A sample of 8364 (urban 2911, rural 5453) children under-5 years old was analyzed using bivariate and multivariate statistical techniques.ResultsResults have demonstrated that 73.9 and 73.2% of children have had a vitamin A supplementation from urban and rural areas, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that parents’ education plays a vital role in consuming vitamin A supplements in urban and rural areas. Children whose mothers have secondary (OR: 1.17, CI: 0.76–1.81) and higher (OR: 1.21, CI: 0.72–2.04) education were more likely to consume vitamin A supplementation than children whose mothers were illiterate in urban areas. However, in rural areas, children whose mothers have secondary education were about 24% and higher education with 60% more likely to consume vitamin A supplementation than children whose mothers were illiterate. Child’s age, regional variation and wealth index also contributing factors for vitamin A deficiency in Bangladesh.ConclusionsThese findings indicated that the consumption of vitamin A does not cover the target of sustainable development goals. Thus special national and community level efforts are required to ensure the coverage of the national vitamin A program is increased adequately to the most vulnerable groups of children in Bangladesh.

P–737 Effect of dietary patterns on clinical pregnancy and live birth outcomes in men and women receiving assisted reproductive technologies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Study question Is there a relationship between dietary patterns and clinical pregnancy or live birth outcomes in men and women of reproductive age undergoing assisted reproductive technologies (ART)? Summary answer While the Mediterranean and pro-fertility diets show potential to improve fertility outcomes, the association between dietary patterns and ART success is currently inconsistent. What is known already The nutritional status of reproductive-aged couples can have a significant impact on fertility. While the consumption of individual foods and nutrients are known to influence reproductive success, the effect of dietary patterns on clinical pregnancy and live birth outcomes in people using assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is currently unknown. Study design, size, duration Six electronic databases were systematically searched for original research published in English between January 1978 and December 2020 reporting on the effect of pre-defined dietary patterns on either clinical pregnancy and/or live birth rates following invitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection in men and women aged 18–49 years. Screening of all retrieved articles was performed independently by two review authors. Eligible studies underwent quality assessment and qualitative and quantitative synthesis using random-effects model meta-analyses. Participants/materials, setting, methods Studies eligible for inclusion in this systematic review were cross-sectional, cohort, clinical trial, and randomised controlled trial study designs. Eligible participants were both males and females, aged 18–49 years, who were undergoing invitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Studies were excluded if their primary analysis assessed consumption of individual foods, food groups, vitamins, or minerals, rather than dietary patterns. Studies measuring proxy estimates of fertility status such as sperm quality or quantity were not included. Main results and the role of chance Twelve studies (11 prospective cohort studies, 1 randomised controlled trial) reporting on 3144 participants (92% female) were included in the review. Six studies were of positive methodological quality, and six were of neutral quality. Eleven studies used validated food frequency questionnaires to quantify dietary pattern adherence. In individual studies, three dietary patterns (Mediterranean diet, pro-fertility diet, Iranian traditional medicine diet) were associated with increased likelihood of achieving a clinical pregnancy, while two dietary patterns (pro-fertility diet, Mediterranean diet) were associated with increased probability of live birth. Meta-analyses of five Mediterranean diet cohort studies showed no association between dietary pattern and clinical pregnancy (OR 1.3; 95% CI: 0.73- 1.72, P = 0.59), and meta-analysis of three Mediterranean diet cohort studies found no relationship between dietary pattern and live birth (OR 1.51; 95% CI: 0.83–2.76, P = 0.18). Limitations, reasons for caution Males were under-represented in the included studies, and half of the studies were of neutral methodological quality. All studies completed dietary assessments at baseline only, however dietary assessments should ideally be undertaken at regular intervals throughout the duration of cohort studies, in the event that dietary patterns change over time. Wider implications of the findings: Further research utilising higher quality nutrition research methodologies is required to better understand the association between dietary patterns and fertility outcomes during assisted reproductive technologies. Trial registration number Not applicable

Assessing Food System Sustainability in Rural Cameroon: An Analysis Focused on Food Supply, Food Security and Food Waste

The study is aimed at evaluating the economic, social, and environmental sustainability of the food system prevailing in rural Cameroon, with particular attention to the West region. Food system sustainability is assessed in its economic, social, and environmental domains through household food supply, household food security, and household level food waste respectively. The food consumption score and food consumption nutrition quality analyses were used to measure food security. Frequency tables, cross tables and chi2 tests were applied to data collected from 600 rural households in the West region of Cameroon and it appears that the food system is economically sustainable for most rural households given that only 6.34% of households consider household food supply to be low. However, the food system is not sustainable in the social domain given that 21.17% of households are vulnerable to food insecurity and 17.83% are food insecure. The food consumption score nutrition quality analysis highlights an inadequate consumption of hem-iron, protein and vitamin A rich foods for a considerable number of households. Analysis of household food waste behaviour shows that the food system is relatively sustainable in the environmental domain given that only 1.33% of households always discard food. There are some trade-offs between the economic and environmental dimensions and between the social and environmental dimensions. Hence, measures taken to improve food system sustainability should consider the existence of such trade-offs. Keywords: Food supply, Food security, Food waste, Food system, Sustainability DOI: 10.7176/JESD/12-16-04 Publication date: August 31 st 2021

A comparative study of efficacy and safety of anti-oxidants as an add-on therapy to metformin on glycemic parameters in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at a tertiary care hospital

Background: Oxidative stress plays major role in diabetes mellitus (DM), abnormal high free radicals decline antioxidant defence mechanism can lead to damage of cellular organelles and enzymes, increased lipid peroxidation and insulin resistance leads to development of complications. Supplementation of antioxidants protects free radical induced damage and further complications. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of metformin versus metformin with vitamin C and E on glycaemic parameters in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: 60 newly diagnosed T2DM patients were randomized into two groups of 30 in each to receive metformin (500 mg BD) alone in group A versus metformin (500 mg BD)+vitamin C (500 mg OD)+vitamin E (400 mg OD) in group B for 12 weeks. Efficacy was measured by improvement in glycaemic (FBS fasting blood sugar, PPBS postprandial blood sugar and HbA1c glycosylated haemoglobin) parameters at week 4, 8 and 12 from baseline. Safety was assessed by monitoring treatment emergent adverse effects.Results: The baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups. There was a significant reduction of glycaemic parameters seen in both the groups from baseline to week 12 (p&lt;0.001) but the difference was not statistically significant between the two groups (p&gt;0.05). No significant adverse effects were noted.Conclusions: Both the groups are effective in improving glycaemic indices and supplementation of vitamins along with metformin as compared to metformin alone with no significant adverse effect. Hence, daily consumption of vitamins may be beneficial in decreasing blood glucose in patients with T2DM and thus reducing the risk of complications.

Effects of heavy metal, vitamin, and curry consumption on metabolic syndrome during menopause: a Korean community-based cross-sectional study.

To determine the associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) during menopause and serum heavy metal levels and vitamin and curry consumption. A data set of 7,131 pre- and postmenopausal women aged ≥ 20 years collected between 2009 and 2017 was used to obtain information on sociodemographic, lifestyles, family histories, food intakes, and serum heavy metal levels and MetS. Logistic regression was used to identify associations between the presence of MetS and risk factors and to predict risks of MetS based on marginal effects. Our results show that postmenopausal women had a higher risk of MetS than premenopausal women. During postmenopause elevations in the levels of serum cadmium by one unit increased the risk of MetS by 33% (OR 1.33; 95% CI, 1.03-1.72, P = 0.028). Risks of MetS in pre- and postmenopausal women, when serum Hb levels increased by 1 unit increased 21% (OR 1.21; 95% CI, 1.09-1.33, P < 0.001) and 26% (OR 1.26; 95% CI, 1.16-1.38, P < 0.001), respectively. Furthermore, the risk of MetS risk in pre- and postmenopausal women was increased 2.49-fold and 2.79-fold by a 1% increase in HbA1c level (OR 2.49; 95% CI, 1.97-3.16, P < 0.001) and (OR 2.79; 95% CI, 2.30-3.38, P < 0.001), respectively. High curry consumption reduced the risk of MetS significantly more than low curry consumption (OR 0.60; 95% CI, 0.39-0.91, P = 0.017) in premenopausal women. Furthermore, an increase in daily vitamin B2 intake by 1 mg reduced the risk of MetS by 45% (OR 0.55; 95% CI, 0.32-0.94, P = 0.028) in postmenopausal women. Vitamin B2 and curry supplementation may protect against MetS. Further work is needed to reduce risk factors associated with heavy metals and determine the effects of vitamins and curry consumption on MetS during menopause.

The Role of Targeted Nutrition Education of Preschoolers and Caregivers on Sustained Consumption of Biofortified Orange-Fleshed Sweetpotato in Kenya.

ABSTRACTBackgroundPersistent prevalence of high malnutrition in poor households in developing countries calls for enhancement of cost-effective nutrition interventions among the vulnerable groups. One responsive way is to promote regular consumption of home-grown biofortified foods, particularly in the micronutrient-deficient groups. Previous nutrition interventions have targeted adults with behavior change education, but have rarely explored the potential of nutrition education of preschoolers as change agents.ObjectivesThis study sought to assess the effect of nutrition education targeting preschool children and their caregivers on their consumption of vitamin A–biofortified orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) in rural farm households in Homa Bay County, Kenya.MethodsA total of 431 preschooler-caregiver pairs from 15 village-level clusters were recruited into a randomized controlled trial. The sample was randomized into 1 control (3 villages) and 3 treatment groups (4 villages each). Treatments involved channeling nutrition education to preschoolers through their learning materials (preschooler treatment); the caregivers through their mobile phones (caregiver treatment); and to both preschoolers and their caregivers simultaneously (integrated treatment). Baseline and follow-up household-level surveys were conducted with the caregivers, and consumption data were collected from the preschoolers using a child dietary diversity register. Class teachers sought 24-h consumption recalls of the preschoolers for 19 consecutive schooldays.ResultsThe results of a zero-inflated Poisson regression showed that the phone-mediated and multichanneled nutrition education approaches significantly increased the number of days of OFSP consumption. The integrated nutrition education approach significantly increased the preschoolers’ likelihood to consume OFSP, number of OFSP consumption days, and likelihood to consume it more than once per week by 11%, 77%, and 20%, respectively.ConclusionsNutrition education through OFSP-branded preschoolers' learning materials and phone-mediated messages provides effective nudges to the caregivers to feed their preschoolers regularly with OFSP. This could have implications for realizing sustainable nutrition programs in biofortified crop-growing areas.

Income Level but Not Nutrition Knowledge Is Associated with Dietary Diversity of Rural Pregnant Women from Northern Ghana.

Essential nutrients are necessary for reducing the risk of maternal mortality, prenatal mortality, and low-birthweight infants. Dietary diversity can play an important role in supplying essential nutrients to both the mother and the foetus. We evaluated nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and dietary diversity of pregnant women. In addition, we investigated the sociodemographic determinants of dietary diversity among pregnant women from a rural district in Ghana. Participants were pregnant women receiving antenatal care from a rural district hospital in Ghana. Dietary diversity was measured using a 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of dietary diversity. About 85% of the pregnant women knew that they should eat more in comparison to nonpregnant women, and only 16.9% knew the importance of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy. Mean (SD) dietary diversity score of the participants was 5.27 (1.35), 85.4% did not consume any fruits, and 82.3% did not take milk and milk products. Almost all participants took at least one food item in the starchy staples and green leafy vegetables food groups. Moreover, 53% consumed vitamin A-rich fruits, vegetables, and tubers; 7.7% organ meats; and 30.8% eggs. Those who earned a monthly income of ≥GHC 500 or US$ 87 (B = 1.82; 0.90–2.73; p < 0.001) significantly had higher dietary diversity scores compared to those who earned less. Dietary diversity of the pregnant women was suboptimal. The consumption of vitamin A- and iron-rich foods was inadequate. Income was an important determinant of the dietary diversity of pregnant women from Northern rural Ghana.

Intake of Antioxidant Vitamins and Minerals in Relation to Body Composition, Skin Hydration and Lubrication in Young Women.

The aim of this study was to estimate the consumption of selected dietary components with antioxidant properties, undertake body composition analysis, assess skin hydration and lubrication, and establish the relationships between the above parameters. The study was carried out on 172 young women. The consumption of ingredients (vitamins A, C, D and E, and Cu, Mn, Zn) was assessed using the Diet 6.0 program, body composition was assessed using electrical bioimpedance and skin hydration and lubrication were assessed using the corneometric and sebumetric methods, respectively. About one-third of students showed insufficient consumption of vitamin C, vitamin E and zinc, while about 99% showed insufficient vitamin D levels. The highest degree of hydration was observed in the areas of the eyelids, neckline and chin. The greatest amount of sebum was found in the area of the nose and forehead. Low positive correlations between hydration or lubrication and Cu, vitamin A and vitamin E were observed. In conclusion, to properly moisturize and lubricate the skin, young women should eat products that are rich in ingredients with antioxidant properties, in particular fat-soluble vitamins A and E, but also copper.

Possible risk factors that may play a role in augmenting the liability and intensity of coronavirus disease 2019 infection in obese and nonobese Egyptian children

Background/aim Obesity, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, and decreased consumption of essential micronutrients are factors that can compromise the immune response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, leading to increased morbidity and mortality among children. The aim of this study was a detection of possible risk factors that may play a role in augmenting the liability and intensity of COVID-19 infection in Egyptian obese and normal-weight children. Patients and methods This study was a retrospective observational cross-sectional review including 120 obese children (group 1), in addition to 61 age-matched and sex-matched controls (group 2) from children attending ‘the Management of Visceral Obesity and Growth Disturbances Unit’ at the Medical Research Excellence Center (MERC), National Research Centre, Egypt. All children were exposed to medical assessment, anthropometric evaluation, and a three 24-h dietary recall for assessment of micronutrient intake. Laboratory assessment of fasting serum blood glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein was done and IR was calculated. Results Obese children showed higher significant values than the control group regarding all anthropometric measurements with increased blood pressure, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. Laboratory assessment revealed elevated fasting levels of glucose and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance denoting IR together with the presence of triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein levels within the high-risk range showing tendency toward dyslipidemia. The intake of vitamins A, D, folic acid, and calcium was lower than the recommended dietary allowances in both groups. Conclusion Obesity and its consequent complications, including dyslipidemia and IR together with decreased consumption of vitamins A, D, folic acid, and calcium, were the most prominent risk factors found among the studied sample of Egyptian children that can affect their immune response and predispose to increased severity of COVID-19 infection.

Thực hành dinh dưỡng của người bệnh đái tháo đường type 2 tại xã Hữu Định, huyện Châu Thành, tỉnh Bến Tre

Abstract: Aim: the study aimed to assess dietary practice among type 2 diabetics at Huu Dinh commune, Chau Thanh district, Ben Tre province. Methods: This was a quantitative cross-sectional study. Data were collected from 206 type 2 diabetics residing at the study site via face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire. Results: 58.3% of the participants had appropriate general dietary practice. The rates of participants having appropriate practice regarding consumption of carbohydrate food, high-fat food, vitamin and fiber rich food and regarding number of meals per day were not high. Conclusion: Poor dietary practice among the participants implies the importance of interventions aimed to improve dietary awareness and practice among type 2 diabetics as well as their family. The interventions need to be appropriate with patients’ dietary habits, socio-economic conditions and with availability of local foods. Keywords: dietary practice, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Ben Tre province, cross-sectional.

The Behavioral Model development of pregnant women in accordance to pregnancy treatment lifestyle

BackgroundMaternal morbidity has shifted from malnutrition to metabolic disease. Lifestyle patterns have great influence on an individual's behavior. Therefore, an unhealthy lifestyle would create a poor quality life prone to life threatening diseases. ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the model behavior of pregnant women based on pregnancy treatment lifestyle. MethodA mixed methods explanatory research with 2 stage, cross sectional and auasy experimental design. This first study conducted in 256 respondents that gathering used ROT formula. Furthermore, the sampling technique used is non probability sampling, whereas the data analysis used SEM-PLS. The second study was conducted by using an experimental observational. Sixty respondents as sample were selected using non probability sampling. Data was analyzed using the Wilcoxon test and Mann Whitney. The resultsThe first stage of the study presents that activities, interests, and opinions influence the regularity of antenatal care with T statistic 2014; 3734 and 2,433, respectively. Moreover, activity and interest influence the accuracy of drugs or vitamins consumption (T statistic 2485 and 2950). While opinions do not affect the accuracy of drugs or vitamins consumption (T statistic 2433), however, activities and opinions affect diet (T = 4164; 3312). Furthermore, interests do not affect eating patterns (T = 0.864), but activities, interests and opinions influence Monitoring fetal movements(T = 2183; 2325; 2222). In addition, interest affects activity patterns in pregnant women (T = 2, 048). The second stage showed that all variable in intervention group have difference result than control group (P < 0,05). ConclusionA lifestyle model of behavior can improve the behavior of pregnant women in caring for their pregnancy.

Traditional weight loss and dukan diets as to nutritional and laboratory results

Traditional weight loss and dukan diets as to nutritional and laboratory results

Assessment of Nutrition Status in Amateur Windsurfers during Regattas in the Competitive Period—A Field Study

Windsurfing is a demanding activity that requires a high level of physical fitness as well as appropriate training and nutritional strategies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the dietary intake of amateur windsurfers and consider possible dietary mistakes. This field study was conducted among 10 Polish male amateur windsurfers (aged 22 ± 2 years, mean training experience of 9.5 ± 4 years). Dietary intake was assessed using a standardized 3-day food record. The total energy expenditure of each participant was estimated using a mobile fitness application. The daily energy supply in assessed portions of the windsurfers’ food was lower than the estimated demand during the competition. The contribution of macronutrients to the total energy intake adhered to those guidelines, but not with the ones recommended for athletes practicing extreme sports. Daily fluid consumption was insufficient. In the windsurfers’ diet, we noticed low consumption of vitamin D and calcium, while cholesterol, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus intake was too high. Nutritional practices of amateur windsurfers during the competitive period do not comply with current sports nutrition guidelines. The results suggest that windsurfers are in need of nutritional education and dietary counseling in order to meet macronutrient intake targets.