Consumers Of Transport Services Research Articles

ФАКТОРИ ЗАГОСТРЕННЯ КОНКУРЕНЦІЇ ДЛЯ РОЗРОБКИ КОНКУРЕНТНОЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ ПАСАЖИРСЬКОЇ СТАНЦІЇ

The article analyzes the factors of aggravation of the station's competition and the priority tasks that need to be solved in a particular situation, since their ignorance leads to the loss of positions in the transport services market. The role of passenger transportation management and its improvement for the future is determined. Recent studies on assessing competitiveness and developing a competitive strategy for an enterprise, namely a passenger station, are analyzed. It is noted that managerial decisions should be based on the use of marketing information, which will allow to maintain a leading position in the market of transport services. These include limitation of the range of consumers of transport services (due to an increase in transportation tariffs and prices for services), limited opportunities to sell their services, limited resources and complications associated with geographical boundaries. It is noted that a transportation service is not just transportation, but a comprehensive transportation service, i.e., a process of consistent and well-coordinated operations carried out taking into account individual customer requirements. It is determined that railway transport is the main artery in the road transport complex of Ukraine. The article considers measures aimed at improving the quality and availability of passenger services at railway stations and in trains, where the management of the passenger service complex has been transferred to the national system "Express-UZ", which provides end-to-end automation of all processes of integrated passenger service. It is highlighted that for the development of the railway industry there is a need to introduce effective organizational structures that ensure the further development of railway transport and meet the specific requirements of the transport market. It is determined that in order to increase the competitiveness of the station, innovative commercial strategies should be developed that would better meet the demand of passengers and the capabilities of the modern economy, as well as measures to further improve safety, reduce noise, reduce energy consumption, avoid pollution and eliminate all adverse factors that hinder the development of railway transport.

Логистический подход к стратегическому планированию эксплуатации малоинтенсивных железнодорожных линий

Purpose: To develop a logistics approach to strategic planning for the operation of low-intensity railway lines, based on the improved concept of SPACE analysis. Methods: Methods of control theory, SPACE analysis and fuzzy cognitive modeling have been used. Results: A new approach to strategic planning of logistics processes on low-intensity railway lines is proposed based on the use of improved SPACE analysis, in terms of the use of fuzzy cognitive maps to estimate parameter values. Possible scenarios for the operation of low-intensity lines based on the concept of SPACE analysis are considered. Practical significance: The proposed logistics approach to the strategic planning of logistics processes for the operation of low-intensity lines will allow for the effective distribution of technical and technological resources, taking into account the requirements of consumers of transport services.

The Mechanism for Forming Accessible Environment in Railway Transport

The formation of an accessible environment that allows people with disabilities to exercise their rights in all spheres of public life is one of the priorities of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of disability. Effective social integration of disabled people is impossible without accessible passenger transport. In the passenger complex of Russian Railways, systemic measures are being taken to create a barrier-free environment in railway transport for people with limited mobility of consumers of transport services. However, to date, there is no description of the mechanism for the formation of an accessible environment in relation to railway transport, despite the fact that certain aspects of this process are widely considered in various sources.

Marketing and commercial problems and perspectives for interaction between participants of the transportation process

Transport and logistics appeared one of the most vulnerable spheres in COVID-19 pandemics. The main reasons for the negative consequences are due to various factors like: closure of state borders, restrictions on movement of people and cargoes, disruption of value chains, decrease in demand from consumers of transport services and their purchasing power. Combination of these factors influenced all types of relationships in the in the transportation market. Nowadays the effective management should immediately react to the dynamic changes in the transport service market and requests of participants thereof. The article indicates the need for implementing digital transformation projects in the industry implying introduction of modern technologies for organizing the transportation process.

Quality Management of Transport Service in the Russian Federation in the Sphere of Cargo Transportation

The improvement of the quality level of transport services to consumers of transport services is a significant factor in the progressive development of not only the transport sector, but the national economy as a whole. In modern conditions, in most cases, more than one entity is involved in the process of implementing a transport service: this is directly the carrier, the owner of the infrastructure facility, the freight forwarder, a number of other business entities related to the transport industry. Shortcomings in the work of at least one of these entities can have the most negative impact on the result of the efforts of all participants in the process of cargo transportation, damaging the reputation of companies that are not guilty of poor customer service. The reality of such situations makes it necessary to conduct a thorough analysis of how the activities of each subject affect the process of providing transport services, as well as the development of a methodology for determining the measure of such influence, since the approaches currently used are not combined into a single system, but are aimed only at a specific subject of the transport market.

Методичні підходи до визначення пріоритетних напрямків перевізної роботи операторів рухомого залізничного складу в сфері вантажних перевезень

In recent years decrease in volumes for all types, except imports by types of freight transportation by the railways of Ukraine. The article is devoted to the problem of ensuring mutually beneficial cooperation between cargo owners and freight carriers in the field of railway transportation in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to determine the priorities in the area of servicing freight owners by Ukrainian railways to ensure the validity of relevant management decisions by the railway rolling stock operators. In the study, we used several research methods – monographic, methods of comparison and systematization, the method of expert evaluation. Results: to achieve this goal, it is proposed to form an information base with a survey of cargo owners on the degree of their satisfaction with the management level of transport work on the railways. Such activities will help improve the system of monitoring the satisfaction of consumers of transport services. Methodological approaches to determining the priority directions of transportation of Ukrainian railways in the field of freight transport, which provide a monitoring system with an appropriate questionnaire and methods of processing results, were proposed. According to the survey results, the communication system between cargo owners and Ukrainian railways was diagnosed: almost 20% of cargo owners admitted that they have a shortage of cars to transport their goods; more than half of them are dissatisfied with the limited volume of traffic; only one in five respondents believes that the fare for the carriage of goods corresponds to the “price-quality” ratio; the validity of the size of the income rate is evident only for 14% of respondents. As a proposal for the management of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia,” we see it suitable to create a system of monitoring the degree of satisfaction of cargo owners with the level of service of Ukrainian railways in the field of freight transportation based on the survey. It is concluded that the application of the proposed approaches will determine the priority areas in the field of service of freight owners by Ukrainian railways and increase the validity of relevant management decisions.

Податкове регулювання розвитку мультимодальних перевезень

Multimodal transportation is an important component of the transport system. The development of multimodal transportation requires coordination of various modes of transport and their integration into a single organizational system that operates on the basis of the formation of logistics centers. The article considers the problem of forming an ecosystem of multimodal transportation in Ukraine, reveals the peculiarities of its taxation and interaction in the digital economy. The existing regulatory and legal support of logistic activities in Ukraine is also analyzed. At present, multimodal transportation is of great importance for the economy of Ukraine. This is one of the important innovative directions in the development of the transport system at both the national and the international levels. Despite the fact that this direction is actively developing, today there is no clear legal and contractual support for this institution. The article analyzes the role of tax regulation of multimodal transportation along with the risks of environmental burden. It is noted that in Ukraine, amendments to the legislation in the field of regulation of multimodal transportation are extremely important, as well as the need to adopt a separate law that would allow to develop modern methods of cargo delivery, improve the quality of service for consumers of transport services, and reduce transportation costs. Among the main reasons that hinder the development of mixed transportation are the following: imperfection of the regulatory and legal settlement of multimodal transportation issues and the disparity between the levels of development of the capacity of ports for processing goods and railway infrastructure. The prospect of further research is the development of a theoretical and methodological approach to the choice of strategies and instruments for the development of transport infrastructure and tax regulation of multimodal transportation.

An innovative approach to support interests' alignment in the context of transport management using semantic differential

PURPOSE: Our study aims to develop an innovative approach to scientific substantiation and practical balance of interests of cargo owners and transport companies, which will serve as a tool for freight management. METHODOLOGY: A specific algorithm of actions is proposed, which initially provides the creation of a system of indicators to study transportation management. The research methods include a complex method of semantic differential modeling, which integrates correlation-regression analysis, cluster analysis, and expert evaluations. The basis of such a complex method is the integration of three components: i) a system for monitoring the satisfaction of consumers of transport services; ii) the assessment of the density of connections between cargo turnover by type of transportation and the leading transportation indicators; iii) a multidimensional assessment of the homogeneity of factors by hierarchical clustering. FINDINGS: Semantic differential modeling can serve as an effective tool in strategic planning, not only for transport companies and railway enterprises, but also for those institutions where it is necessary to identify the most important areas of activity. IMPLICATIONS: The use of semantic differential based on the involvement of quantitative methods of mathematical modeling allows increasing the degree of validity of management decisions. The harmonization and balancing of interests in the field of B2B take into account the results of modeling the semantic differential in management. The proposed methodology consists of main indicators of rolling stock transportation and certain economic indicators; we advise to focus on. These indicators were obtained through cooperation with an expert group of participants in the transportation process. Application of the created model allows defining priority directions in the field of freight owners’ service by the Ukrainian railways in the dynamics by types of cargo and transportation and substantiating the corresponding management decisions by freight carriers. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: Innovation is a complex interdisciplinary integration of research methods based on the philosophy of semantic differential, allowing the integration of approaches to harmonize the interests of transport companies and consumers of their services with the results of cooperation in the field of freight transportation. Therefore, the developed innovative methodology can be used not only for railway transport but also for other types of transport and business.

ВИВЧЕННЯ ПОВЕДІНКИ СПОЖИВАЧІВ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ ПОСЛУГ В УМОВАХ ДІДЖИТАЛІЗАЦІЇ

The study used digital tools to assess the loyalty of consumers of transport services, which allowed determining the feasibility of introducing additional services in the field of rail transport in Ukraine. Such services will help improve the quality of transport services and the level of loyalty of potential consumers in today's competitive environment. Based on the study, the influence of the degree of consumer loyalty on the technological and organizational aspects of the railway industry and their business processes is substantiated. A model of multidimensional analysis of the attractiveness of transport services based on the study of the structure of consumers on various grounds (age, place of residence, Internet access, and social status) has been developed. The degree of satisfaction with the quality of such a service for individual consumer groups was modeled. Functional attributes for adaptation to introducing the latest information technologies and digital tools for positioning transport companies in the competition for customers are identified. The study of consumer preferences, which was based on modeling the attractiveness of transport services, namely rail transport, allowed substantiating the key factors of consumer choice of travel or travelling depending on the development of digital technologies. The analysis of the survey results allowed applying quantitative methods to the classification and grouping of consumer purchasing behavior to identify new and latent qualities of such behavior. The study showed that for online travel services and the ability to use mobile applications to book and pay for travel by rail, there is a need to constantly use and improve these services as one-dimensional functions to maximize service quality. The development of such functions needs to pay attention to within the policy of product improvement and to increase the competitive advantages of passenger transportation by rail.

Current problems and prospects of transport logistics development in the convenience of COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic

The paper analyzes the main trends in the transport logistics market before the emergence of the coronavirus pandemic and in the process of its occurrence. Emphasis is placed on the dynamics of passenger and freight turnover. The number of transported passengers and volumes of transported goods by types of transport are reflected. The main risks of transport logistics in the conditions of COVID-19 are described taking into account features of the internal market. The paper examines the current problems of transport logistics in the context of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic and potential ways to solve them. Many scientists have conducted research to improve the efficiency of transport logistics, in particular, freight, which are relevant areas of development, because the competitiveness of freight forwarding companies in a pandemic COVID-19 directly depends on the proper use of methods of logistics. Today, transport logistics is important for the planning process, forecasting not only the amount of costs directly for delivery, but also in the formation of plans for transport costs in general in order to fully fulfill the order of consumers of transport services. That is why the issue of transport logistics development in the context of the coronavirus pandemic COVID-19 is extremely relevant. The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic is affecting the global economy and every business in particular. Suspension of enterprises in different countries of the world, closure of passenger flights, reduction of production volumes – all this was reflected in the logistics of freight transportation. Today, logistics, like other areas of business, is experiencing turbulence as a result of the spread of Covid-19 in the world and in Ukraine. Now the delivery of goods and personal orders is carried out according to the usual schedules, but changes in the work of logistics and transport companies are also taking place.

ОЦІНОЧНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ РОЗВИТКУ МАРШРУТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ГРОМАДСЬКОГО ПАСАЖИРСЬКОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ МІСТА ДУБНО

Системи міського пасажирського транспорту займають особливе місце в загальній структурі пасажирського транспорту, що пояснюється безупинним підвищенням ролі міст у житті суспільства, обумовленого розподілом праці та концентрацією виробництва. Зміни в житті України призвели до значної модифікації структури потреб населення в перевезеннях і перебудові маршрутних систем більшості українських міст, яка найчастіше носила стихійний характер. У той же час прийняття рішень про зміну маршрутних систем являє собою складну задачу, що торкається інтересів великої кількості городян та має значне соціальне й економічне значення. Створення інформаційної бази міста передбачає збір вихідних даних про транспортну мережу, характеристики вулично-дорожньої мережі і попиту на переміщення пасажирів.
 При цьому вибір маршрутів руху громадського транспорту, що входять у систему, відбувається на основі попередньої оцінки ефективності її функціонування. На підставі пасажиропотоків за кожним маршрутом розраховується раціональна кількість транспортних засобів, техніко-економічні і техніко-експлуатаційні показники роботи на маршрутах.
 У роботі представлено аналіз оціночних показників функціонування пасажирської системи міста Дубно, дано їх характеристику, намічено шляхи покращення ефективності функціонування на перспективу.

Comprehensive assessment of the quality condition of the road with drainage system

The object of research is the process of a comprehensive assessment of the qualitative state of a waterlogged section of a road. Natural and climatic factors affect the state of the road due to changes in the conditions of the water-thermal regime and the movement of vehicles. Water, sudden temperature fluctuations, the impact of heavy transport play a key role in the life cycle of any transport structure, affecting its transport and operational characteristics. The definition of a complex indicator of the qualitative state is based on a set of individual indicators, it is comprehensively characterized taking into account the influence of the weightings of each parameter and the structural element of the highway. This is taken into account in the multilevel qualimetric model, which consists of two main groups of physical and functional wear. Indicators of physical wear and tear change over time and are characterized by compliance with certain regulatory indicators and requirements. Functional – do not change over time, but depend on the needs of consumers of transport services. The choice of the number of model levels depends on the weight of the technical and functional characteristics of the road section. Information about the site and its constituent properties increases with the number of levels. Their optimal number determines the volume of measurements and calculations when obtaining a complex indicator of the quality state. The research results made it possible to develop a comprehensive method for assessing the quality state of a waterlogged section of a road where it is necessary to arrange a drainage system. The developed method is based on an expert approach for determining physical and functional indicators, the number of which is determined depending on the parameters of the road. The nomenclature of indicators of the qualitative state of a waterlogged section of the road has been substantiated and a model with an optimal number of indicators has been formed, comprehensively and in full, allows one to characterize all its structural elements in terms of physical and functional wear.

MODERN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SYSTEMS

Purpose. At the present stage, for the normal functioning of the economy, it is necessary to maintain a balance of economic interests for consumers of transport services and transport itself. Therefore, the aim of this work is a detailed study and analysis of the current development level of transport and logistics systems, as well as the prospects for their further development. Methodology For analyze the work of modern transport and logistics systems, a set of methods of economic and mathematical modeling was used, including an element-by-element examination of the transport and logistics system, determining the demand for each of its elements among consumers, the level of corresponding costs, differentiating transport services, etc. Based on the obtained analytical data, the behavior of the transport and logistics system is modeled depending on the specific conditions of its functioning and possible features that accompany it. This allows you to consider various options for using modern technologies in the operation of the transport and logistics system and evaluate the potential benefits. Findings. The application of the logistics principles is aimed at improving the transport services based on the latest transport technologies, which allows using different types of transport, improving information interaction between participants in the transportation process, etc. The development of transport and logistics systems in the Republic of Belarus is also determined based on the Republican expeditionary unitary enterprise BELINTERTRANS – Transport and Logistics Center of the Belarusian Railway. The concept of transport and logistics systems is disclosed. Based on a study of the Belintertrans enterprise, the effectiveness of introducing such technologies as FLEXE technology and the GLONASS fuel consumption control system for the development of transport and logistics systems is examined. Originality. Based on the study of methodological sources and scientific developments in the field of development of transport and logistics systems, several options are proposed for introducing new and more advanced information technologies into the activities of transport and logistics centers. Practical value. The result of applying these technologies is, first of all, cost reduction in the logistics system, as well as increasing the competitiveness of the enterprise, increasing its profits and maximizing customer satisfaction. Since in the transport and logistics system, to satisfy the needs of the client (providing services to consumers and producers of goods), the functions of transportation, storage, distribution, etc. are implemented, the use of information technologies in any of them will increase the stability and efficiency of the system.

Advanced technologies of international cargo correspondence in railway transport

The technologies of formation of transportation documents and preliminary informing in the international traffic are the primary directions of improvement of information technologies of interstate transfer points both for the information systems of state control and regulation and for the information systems of the subjects of transportation services. In the railway transport system of the Russian Federation the model of formation of transportation documents and preliminary information has a number of distinctive features from the existing model of the world practice. The article analyzes and determines the possibility of development and interaction of information systems of state authorities, owners and consumers of transport services in a single information space, methods of their consolidation and integration into international transport corridors. Automation of technological operations on processing of transport documents and preliminary informing by creation and introduction of innovative developments in the field of management of process of technological interaction of participants of transport - providing services is considered. The automated system of processing of transportation documents for imported cargo with barcoding and the automated system of informing cargo owners about the approaching expiration date of the phytosanitary certificate are presented and proposed for use at the interstate junction points. The proposed information systems improve and optimize these technologies, accelerate trade turnover and ensure the implementation of projects for the development of a common information space in the segment of international traffic and the development of transport international relations in general. The systems have undergone states registration.

Methods to Analyze Traffic Demand Formation in Intelligent Transportation and Logistic Regional Network

The paper provides a systematic approach, the theoretical and methodological aspects of analyzing the formation of demand for the use of the transport and logistic infrastructures of the region when forming the regional module of the intelligent transport and logistic system are considered. On the basis of the main provisions of the theory of "growth poles" in the regional, federal and world economies, a proactive management of the development of the transport and logistics structure of the region is proposed taking into account the criteria of its effectiveness, which take into account not only the development of the transport and logistic infrastructure of the region, its socio-economic development, but also the development of transport and logistics infrastructure and the socio-economic development of the subjects adjacent to it. This will allow in the future, solving the problem of the spatial development of the transport and logistics infrastructure of the regions, to solve the problem of the spatial development of the Russian Federation. Analysis of the formation of demand for the use of international transport corridors passing through the region should be carried out taking into account the study of the transport and logistics needs of the regions based on the criteria for the effectiveness of the functioning of the national transport and logistics system. It was proposed to carry out research, planning, forecasting of transport and logistics needs of production, trade, transport and logistics organizations, customers and consumers of transport services, using the capabilities of the regional transport and logistic information system (RTLIS). RTLIS is an electronic information resource accumulating information related to transport and logistics operations carried out in the region or carried out through the region. The system includes various portals, including a portal for electronic placement of orders for transport and logistic services. In the study of transport and logistic needs, intra-regional and transit cargo flows, terminal complexes and warehouses, transport mobility of the population, attendance of public centers of gravity, places of work, study and service are investigated; single acts of transportation of goods by the population. In the study of transport services, enterprises that form and absorb cargo flows, the capabilities of terminal complexes, all types of public land vehicles, which form passenger traffic, personal travel by personal transport, and rolling stock capacity are considered. The development of methods for automated analysis of the formation of demand will make it possible to efficiently use the transport and logistic system of the region, increase the efficiency of enterprises’ production activities and improve the quality of transport services for the population.

Formation of the concept of development of public transport in a big city

Formation of the concept of development of public transport in a big city

ОЦІНКА ЯКОСТІ ПОСЛУГ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ

It was determined that in conditions of market relations and integration of railway transport of Ukraine to the Western European transport system the quality of transport services must comply with the standards, which are designed to naukovovirobnicha methodological foundations. Through the system indicators quality standards established balance of interests of performers and users of transport services. The main measure of quality in the market is the needs and requirements of the consumers. Thus, the quality of transport services can be defined as conformance to customers ' expectations of these services and certain established standards. For a comprehensive evaluation of the quality of services of railway transport is proposed to take into account the following indicators: the level of safety of transportation services; the level of cargo safety during transportation; technical state of railway infrastructure and rolling stock conditions of carriage; the level of reliability of transportation; provide transportation services; the level of comfort and convenience; the level of information services; the level of competence, sociability and friendliness of staff; the availability of additional services. Evaluation of the quality of services of railway transport or its structural subdivisions proposed in the following sequence: determination of parameters of transport to be used in assessing the quality of transport services; the numerical measure and the temporary restrictions of the parameters; establishing expert by the importance of each parameter to the total number; identification of the degree of compliance of each parameter to a certain level, which is determined by the researcher; the calculation of the integral assessment of the quality of transport services. The methodical approach to integrated assessment of the quality of railway transport services taking into account the main parameters of quality of transportations, their importance and meet the requirements of consumers of transport services on the terms and results of the transportation process

ЛОГІСТИЧНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ЯК ФАКТОР ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЯКОСТІ ОБСЛУГОВУВАННЯ СПОЖИВАЧІВ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ ПОСЛУГ

The article substantiates necessity of introduction logistic technologies in transport for maintenance quality of service for transport services consumers. It is determined that effective use of logistic technologies and rational planning of production and sales are among the main factors for competitive advantages at enterprises. The main functions of transport logistics at enterprises are also highlighted, and importance of integrating function in the modern conditions of development is substantiated. In the article were made locks that transport and logistics systems are a means of integrating the domestic transport complex into international transport and logistics systems by ensuring their effective interaction; satisfies the needs of consumers of transport and logistics services through the harmonization of their interests with the interests of all participants of the transport and distribution process; promotes the implementation of an effective transport policy based on the rational allocation of investment funds from the state and the private sector; creates a flexible tariff policy for various types of transport in order to increase transit freight flows through the territory of Ukraine on the basis of the formation of optimal delivery schemes. It is also determined that the solution of the problem of the efficiency of distribution of goods and improving the quality of service of consumers of transport services in market conditions is closely linked to the problem of service quality. The quality of the logistics service is determined by the reliability of the delivery, the full time from the time of receipt of the order to the completion of the delivery, the possibility of choosing a delivery method, the time at which the order is made, the availability of stocks, the possibility of granting loans and discounts, the duration of cargo operations and idle time waiting for an unloading, number of vehicles, etc.

TARGET GROUPS OF SERVICE USERS OF INTELLECTUAL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS

Introduction. The results of the research of the essence of intellectual transport systems, identification of the service providers, their interests and further cooperation strategies are presented in the article. Intellectual transport systems are considered as advanced systems that use information and communication technologies for improvement and security of traffic and effective support of the transportation of passengers or cargo. Purpose. The article aims to identify the target groups of service users of intelligent transport systems. Method (methodology). The research methods which are based on the system approach, management theory and theory of decision making have been applied to achieve the goal of the research. Method of system analysis has been used to identify the scientific problem. Results. The classification, which covers the target groups of service users of intellectual transport systems, has been worked out. These groups consist of subjects of state regulation, national, private sector and consumers of transport services. The main principles of their cooperation and the interests of each group have been described. Stakeholder groups for projects of intellectual transport systems with different degrees of complexity have been presented in the article.

A theoretical analysis of business models for urban public transport systems, with comparative reference to a Community Franchise involving Individual Line Ownership

This paper reviews existing business regimes in public transport in the broad areas of economic theory of competition, ownership and regulation. It then contrasts those existing regimes with the specific case of a Community Franchise (CF) business regime with Individual Line Ownership (ILO), as currently exists in the ski lifting industry and as it may potentially be transferred to an urban public transport context. Traditional economic theory is supplemented by considering theories from human psychology, complexity theory and the evolutionary effects from more traditional theoretical understandings of equilibrium economics. This theoretical review highlights the idiosyncrasies of the CF/ILO business regime. Existing regimes are shown to have incentives that do not necessarily benefit consumers of transport services, but are conducive to unintended outcomes shaped by political and commercial forces. The CF/ILO regime, because of its particular structure, is shown to be less prone to these same forces and more responsive to consumer demands with potential benefits for passengers and government transport objectives. As well there is shown to be more incentive in the CF/ILO to manage capital expenditure in a prudent fashion.