Consumer Body Research Articles

RESPONSE OF Citrus aurantifolia TO THE INHIBITION ZONE OF THE Aeromonas salmonicida BACTERIA IN TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus)

The impact of using synthetic antibacterials creates a number of new cultivation problems, including: Bacterial resistance, retention of toxic substances and residues in the consumer's body. You need antimicrobial ingredients that can kill bacteria, one of which is the use of lime juice. The aim is to find out how strongly Citrus aurantifolia inhibits the bacteria Aeromonas salmonicida from Oreochromis niloticus. Using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments. The results showed that the diameter of the inhibition zone for each Treatment A was 10.8 mm, Treatment B 12.8 mm, Treatment C 14.7 mm, Treatment D 16.7 mm, and Treatment E 19.1 mm. The relationship between administration of lime juice and the average diameter of the inhibition zone produced in inhibiting the growth of Aeromonas salmonicida bacteria shows a response that increases with increasing dose. Based on the Anova test using F (0.000) > F table at the 5% level of significance, lime juice (Citrus aurantifolia) has an effect on inhibiting the growth of Aeromonas salmonicida in each treatment.

Effects of intrinsic and extrinsic growth factors on virulence gene expression of foodborne pathogens in vitro and in food model systems; a review

AbstractSince foodborne diseases are one of the major causes of human hospitalization and death, one of the main challenges to food safety is the elimination or reduction of pathogens from food products throughout the food production chain. Pathogens, such as Salmonella species, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium species, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter species, etc., enter the consumer's body through the consumption of contaminated food and eventually cause disease, disability, and death in humans. In particular, the expression of virulence genes of these pathogens in various food environments containing them has been repeatedly reported, which is a key issue for the survival and pathogenicity of the pathogen. Hence, in this review, the interventions to prevent and control foodborne diseases, such as the application of natural preservatives, redox potential, heat treatments, high‐pressure processing, and gaseous atmosphere, are discussed based on the literature. Moreover, the effects of various environmental conditions on bacterial gene expression are comprehensively reviewed. In conclusion, the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the growth and pathogenicity of bacteria are very complicated. The information obtained from the current study can be used to develop new control strategies, improve food safety, and ensure human health.

Using Single-Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry to Determine the Changes of Silver Nanoparticles in Bread Induced via Simulated Digestion.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), widely used in various fields of technology as an antimicrobial agent, represent a new type of environmental pollutant. Through various routes, AgNPs might penetrate into agricultural crops and foodstuffs. It is important to know if AgNPs contained in food persist in digested food and are therefore available for entering the inner organs of the consumer's body. Using the technique of single-particle ICP-MS, we analysed the changes in the number and size distribution of AgNPs added to a sample of bread submitted to in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. The majority of silver, in terms of mass, was transformed from the state of particles to the dissolved state during bread digestion, but the number of particles was reduced by 25% only. The most abundant particle size was reduced from 60 nm to 49 nm. Hence, a substantial part of transformed nanoparticles is still present in food digestate. This means that AgNPs consumed together with food can theoretically enter the inner cells of human body.

Mercury (Hg) concentration in fish commercialized in the São Luís fish market (MA) and potential exposure of consumers.

Fish consumption is the main path of human exposure to Hg and may represent a risk to public health, even with low Hg concentrations in fish, if consumption rates are high. This study quantifies, for the first time, the Hg concentrations in nine most commercialized species in the São Luís (MA) fish market, where fish consumption is high, and estimates human exposure. Average Hg concentrations were highest in carnivorous species, yellow hake (Cynoscion acoupa) (0.296 mg kg-1), the Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) (0.263 mg kg-1), whereas lowest concentrations were recorded in iliophagous Mullets (Mugil curema) (0.021 mg kg-1) and the Shorthead drum Larimus breviceps (0.025 mg kg-1). Significant correlations were observed between Hg concentrations and fish length in two species: the Coco-Sea catfish (Bagre bagre) and the Atlantic bumper (Chloroscombrus crysurus), but not in the other species, since they presented relatively uniform size of individuals and/or a small number of samples. Risk coefficients, despite the relatively low Hg concentrations, suggest that consumers should limit their consumption of Yellow hake and Atlantic croaker, as they can present some risk to human health (EDI > RfD and THQ > 1), depending on the frequency of their consumption and the consumer's body weight.

The impacts of excessive alcohol consumption on the lives of medical students: A literature review

Introduction: In the academic context, alcohol can be an escape tool for stress levels. As a result, there is a higher rate of drinking-related problems when comparing university students and individuals who do not attend college. In this work, the focus will be on medical students, since they are under high academic pressures due to the large workload and the long duration of the course. Methodology: This is an integrative review about the use of alcohol by medical students. Data from the Virtual Health Library (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and National Library of Medicine (PubMed) bases were used, from the intersection of the descriptors “alcohol”, “alcoholism in college”, “alcohol abuse” and “medical students”, to answer the question formulated through the PICO strategy. Results and Discussion: The use of alcohol causes several damages to the consumer's body. Thus, it is important to analyze the use/abuse of this substance by medical students, who are under great pressure due to the changes brought about by entering the university. In view of this, the causes that lead young people to alcohol abuse are highlighted, such as risky sexual behavior, accidents, smoking, use of other drugs and reduced academic performance. Conclusion: In view of the causes and losses presented in this review, it is necessary to develop studies that demonstrate the use/abuse of alcohol by medical students so that solutions can be created and adopted in colleges.

K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR (KNN) ANALYSIS FOR CLOTHING SALES CLASSIFICATION BASED ON MATERIALS USED

Abstract Classification is a method to see the behavior and characteristics of certain groups. The K-nearest neighbor method is a learning algorithm for classifying new data based on the K-Nearest Neighbor majority class. The main purpose of this algorithm is to classify new objects based on attributes and training samples. In today's digital era, competition in the business world is getting tougher and growing rapidly, especially when it comes to online marketing systems. Every market driver must always pay attention to the needs and desires of consumer satisfaction when buying products from online stores. However, the problem that consumers often complain about is the use of clothing size charts in online stores that do not match the consumer's body size. This study aims to reduce the frustration of consumers buying clothes online and in such a way that products do not have to be returned via the internet. Based on these problems, these conditions must be improved by selecting clothes to achieve optimal customer satisfaction. This application was built using the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) method and Profile Matching to help you determine what clothes are most suitable for your consumer size.

The role of bifidobacteria in the production of functional products

The structure of nutrition of the population of Ukraine currently does not meet the modern principles of rational nutrition and practical dietetics. The problem of organizing and ensuring proper nutrition of people, its adequacy and balance is one of the most important tasks of joint activities. Bifidobacteria are one of the most important groups of intestinal microorganisms that dominate the anaerobic flora of the colon. Bifidobacteria are actively involved in the restoration of normal intestinal microflora in gastrointestinal diseases and after antibiotic treatment. To stimulate their development, it is necessary to use strains of bifidobacteria adapted to milk, to provide the necessary composition of the nutrient medium and growth stimulants for their development, and also to cultivate them together with lactic acid bacteria with high β-galactosidase activity, due to which their own β-galactoside increases. bifidobacteria. Fermented dairy products are the main suppliers of probiotic microorganisms that contribute to the maintenance and restoration of the human microbial ecology. Probiotic cultures that provide a beneficial effect on the consumer's body and normalize the composition and functions of the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract include such types of lacto- and bifidobacteria as Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium spp. (B. adolescentis, B. animalis ssp. lactis, B. bifidum, B. longum, B. breve). It should be noted that for the majority of microorganisms that are representatives of the normal human intestinal microflora, milk is an unfavorable environment for their development. This is due to the fact that in milk there are practically no low-molecular compounds necessary for the development of microorganisms, such as free amino acids, monosaccharides, etc., and also because most bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and Bifidobacterium belong to obligate anaerobes, which negatively act. oxygen dissolved in milk. Therefore, bifidobacteria, related to anaerobes, develop very slowly in milk.

Perancangan Virtual Fitting Room Menggunakan Augmented Reality Pada Toko Online

In recent years, eMarketer data shows that Indonesia's e-commerce transactions reached 69.8 trillion in 2016. Even in 2018 it is predicted that it will continue to increase to IDR 144.1 trillion.The most influential satisfaction factor is the customer's perception of what is shown in the catalog.This study aims to visualize consumers using the products contained in the catalog. using Augmented Reality (AR) technology. The results show that the use of AR technology, which is built using TensorFlow, is able to recognize dimensional points on the human body so that clothing objects can be visualized on the consumer's body.

Influence of the use of spore-forming bacteria with probiotic properties on the quality and safety of food

The paper discusses the prospects for the use of probiotic drugs as an alternative to growth-stimulating antibiotics, which, according to current scientific research, have shown themselves as drugs that allow getting livestock and poultry products that are safe in all respects. The results of the conducted studies allow drawing conclusions about the biological safety of probiotics in terms of its residual amount in the tissues of slaughter animals, which excludes a negative effect on the consumer's body.

РАЗРАБОТКА ТЕХНОЛОГИИ КОЛБАСНОГО ИЗДЕЛИЯ ИЗ МЯСА БАРАНИНЫ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО СЫРЬЯ

Currently, according to the concept of the national technological initiative, the food industry is tasked with creating, producing and selling personalized and common, based on traditional raw materials and its substitutes, food products, using health-saving technologies, taking into account diseases, food allergies, types of professional activities, national traditions. The development of functional food products and the use of modern biotechnological techniques will improve the quality of consumed products, as a result, the quality of life of the country's population. The article is devoted to the development of technology of enriched lamb sausage. Mutton is an excellent raw material for the production of organic products, as it contains fat with substantially the least amount of stearin complex, has significant sensory indicators, has physiologically active peptides that regulate the bioactivity of the consumer's body. The expansion of the range of meat products that meet the modern requirements of nutrition science poses challenges not only to improve their quality and hygienic safety, but also to search for the rational use of new reserves of meat raw materials. The purpose of the study was to study meat raw materials, as well as to determine the effect of various dosages of vegetable raw materials introduced into the meat product. Experimental studies were conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Food Technologies of the Don State Agrarian University. The paper substantiates the optimal dose of pomegranate application, which was determined on the basis of organoleptic parameters. The optimal amount of application of vegetable raw materials has been established without deterioration of technological and consumer properties of the sausage product. Thus, a product of a functional orientation of good quality has been obtained that meets all the requirements of the consumer.

Impact of regular consumption of the main Ivorian traditional foods on blood biochemical parameters and certain nutrition regulators: cases in growing rats (Rattus norvegicus)

The aim of this work was to assess the impact of regular consumption of Ivorian traditional foods on growing wistar rats. Thus, a nutrition test was carried out with 40 rats divided into 5 groups of 8 rats. The rats in one batch were fed with an Ivorian traditional dish and the control rats ingested the control dish for 22 days. At the end of the experiment, biological examinations allowed us to assess the state of the body's functioning. The histopathology of the liver and kidney of the rats was performed. The blood sugar levels of the rats who consumed the Ivorian traditional dishes varied between 0.79 g / l (FFB / SC) and 0.89 g / l (FI / SNA) while that of the rats who consumed the reference dish was 0.87 g / l. The urea contents of the blood of the rats were between 0.22 and 0.26 g / l. They were identical to that of the control rats (0.26 g / l). The rats which consumed the traditional dishes had creatinine contents between 6.83 (FFB / SC) and 8 mg / l (FI / SNA) while the controls had a creatinine content of 7.83 mg / l. The uric acid contents of the rats fed with the Ivorian dishes varied between 22.5 and 26.0 mg / l while that of the control rats was 23.83 mg / l. The total cholesterol levels in the rats accustomed to Ivorian dishes were between 1.51 and 1.75 g / l while that of the rats having ingested the control dish was 1.69 g / l. The triglyceride values (0.84 to 1.02 g / l) were lower than that of the rats fed with the reference dish (1.05 g / l). Analysis of histopathological sections of the liver and of the kidney showed no organizational abnormalities of the tissues. The regular consumption of Ivorian local dishes ensures the proper functioning of the consumer's body.

Oral Health Effects of Combusted and Smokeless Tobacco Products.

The oral cavity is usually the first part of a consumer's body exposed to the constituents of tobacco products or their emissions. Consequently, the oral cavity is a frequent site for carcinogenic, microbial, immunologic, and clinical effects of tobacco use. This article summarizes 5 presentations on various aspects of oral health affected by combusted or noncombusted tobacco products from a recent conference, "Oral Health Effects of Tobacco Products: Science and Regulatory Policy," sponsored by the American Association for Dental Research and the Food and Drug Administration.

Influences of Storage Conditions, Cultivation and Culinary Practices, On the Antioxidant Capacity of Red Bulbs of Some Onion Varieties Grown in Burkina Faso

Red onion bulb is a vegetable containing micronutrients with antioxidant properties. However, certain factors can have an impact on the content of these compounds. The present research evaluate the effects of parameters such as cultural practices, storage conditions and culinary practices, on the antioxidants content of red onion bulb of some varieties grown in Burkina Faso. The identification of the factors was carried out through field surveys, and their effects on the antioxidants content were assessed and appreciated through especially specific related bibliographic and laboratory test data. The results showed that84.78% of farmers use chemical fertilizers and all of them use chemical pesticides on onion crop. They don’t use premises or equipment suitable for storage. About dishes,7.61% of cooks, peel, cut and wash onion bulb before steam cooking, boiling water cooking or oil frying them at high temperature during 30 minutes to 3 hours. Some cooks use to braise onion bulb scales as ingredients for different dishes such as barbecue. Only 02,72% of cooks grind the onion bulbs with a pestle, before using the crushed as such on barbecue, or slow cooking it in different sauces. Research results show that these culinary practices contribute declining significantly the final intake of antioxidant for the consumer's body.

Bifidostimulating ingredients for dessert fermented products

Fermented sour-milk dessert products of a functional orientation are becoming increasingly popular in Ukraine. Dairy desserts have good taste properties, high nutritional and biological value and dense, non-flowing consistency. A wide range of additions, fillers, flavors, stabilizers are used in the production of desserts. Fermented dairy products are the main suppliers of probiotic microorganisms that promote the maintenance and restoration of human microbial ecology. Probiotic cultures that provide beneficial effects on the consumer's body and normalize the composition and function of the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract include the following types of lactobacterial bifidobacteria: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium spp. (V. adolescentis, B. animalis spp. Lactis, B. bifidum, B. longum, B. breve). Bifidobacteria – is one of the most important groups of intestinal microorganisms, which dominate the anaerobic flora of the colon. The International Dairy Federation defines such mixtures as bioproducts, which contain at least 1 × 106 bifidobacteria in 1 cm3. It should be noted that for most part of microorganisms, which are representatives of normal microflora of the human gastro intestinal tract, milk is an unfavorable environment for their development. This is due to the fact that there are no low molecules compounds in milk required for the development of microorganisms, such as free amino acids, monocourses, etc., as well as the fact that most bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and Bifidobacterium are related to obligated anaerobes that are adversely affected dissolved in milk oxygen air. Therefore, bifidobacteria, which belong to anaerobes, develop in milk very slowly. Bifidobacteria are actively involved in the restoration of normal intestinal microflora in gastrointestinal diseases and after treatment with antibiotics. It is necessary to use milk-adapted strains of bifidobacteria in order to stimulate their development and to provide the necessary composition of the nutrient environment and growth stimulants for their development, and to cultivate them together with lactic acid bacteria that have high β-galactosidase activity, which increases their own β-galactosidase activity bifidobacteria.

Adaptive evolution of body size subject to indirect effect in trophic cascade system

Trophic cascades represent a classic example of indirect effect and are wide-spread in nature. Their ecological impact are well established, but the evolutionary consequences have received even less theoretical attention. We theoretically and numerically investigate the trait (i.e., body size of consumer) evolution in response to indirect effect in a trophic cascade system. By applying the quantitative trait evolutionary theory and the adaptive dynamic theory, we formulate and explore two different types of eco-evolutionary resource-consumer-predator trophic cascade model. First, an eco-evolutionary model incorporating the rapid evolution is formulated to investigate the effect of rapid evolution of the consumer's body size, and to explore the impact of density-mediate indirect effect on the population dynamics and trait dynamics. Next, by employing the adaptive dynamic theory, a long-term evolutionary model of consumer body size is formulated to evaluate the effect of long-term evolution on the population dynamics and the effect of trait-mediate indirect effect. Those models admit rich dynamics that has not been observed yet in empirical studies. It is found that, both in the trait-mediated and density-mediated system, the body size of consumer in predator-consumer-resource interaction (indirect effect) evolves smaller than that in consumer-resource and predator-consumer interaction (direct effect). Moreover, in the density-mediated system, we found that the evolution of consumer body size contributes to avoiding consumer extinction (i.e., evolutionary rescue). The trait-mediate and density-mediate effects may produce opposite evolutionary response. This study suggests that the trophic cascade indirect effect affects consumer evolution, highlights a more comprehensive mechanistic understanding of the intricate interplay between ecological and evolutionary force. The modeling approaches provide avenue for study on indirect effects from an evolutionary perspective.

Studies on Functional Yogurt with Added Inulin as Prebiotic Fiber

Products that contain both probiotics and prebiotics are known as symbiotic, these products are able to modify the composition of the internal microflora, with the beneficial effects on the consumer's body. The objective followed in this study was the obtaining of probiotic yogurt in which inulin is added. The control consists in an organoleptic examination, a physicochemical examination and monitoring of the evolution of bifidobacteria. The results obtained showed a progressive evolution by adding inulin. The highest difference was recorded for yogurt type 3 with an addition of 3% inulin, the number of bifidobacteria increased with 1.04x10 9 cfu/g in only 7 days, reaching 1.30 x 10 9 cfu/g.

The effects of decapod crustacean macroconsumers on leaf detritus processing and colonization by invertebrates in stream habitats: A meta‐analysis

AbstractWe conducted a meta‐analysis of the available literature to assess the effect of decapod crustacean macroconsumers on the processing and invertebrate colonization of leaf detritus in streams. Supplementary methodological (experimental set‐up), geographical (i.e. latitude, climate) and biological (i.e. macroconsumers body size, detritus quality expressed as initial C:N ratio) data were collected, with the aim of assessing their influence on effect sizes variability. Overall, our results indicated some important effects of decapod crustacean macroconsumers on both detritus processing and colonization by invertebrates. Among the different factors examined, detritus quality and macroconsumer body size were important for predicting detritus processing and invertebrate colonization effects, respectively. This indicates that the pivotal role played by decapod crustacean macroconsumers on leaf decomposition, food webs, and wider stream ecosystem functioning, may be regulated by the interplay of both detritus chemistry and consumer's body size. The limitations and inadequacies of the analyzed literature are discussed.

Determination of essential and toxic elements in clay soil commonly consumed by pregnant women in Tanzania

A habit of eating clay soil especially among pregnant women is a common practice in Tanzania. This practice known as geophagy might introduce toxic elements in the consumer's body to endanger the health of the mother and her child. Therefore it is very important to have information on the elemental composition of the eaten soil so as to assess the safety nature of the habit. In this study 100 samples of clay soil, which were reported to be originating from five regions in Tanzania and are consumed by pregnant women were analyzed to determine their levels of essential and toxic elements. The analysis was carried out using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescent technique (EDXRF) of Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, Arusha. Essential elements Fe, Zn, Cu, Se and Mn and toxic elements As, Pb, Co, Ni, U and Th were detected in concentrations above WHO permissible limits in some of the samples. The results from this study show that the habit of eating soil is exposing the pregnant mothers and their children to metal toxicity which is detrimental to their health. Hence, further actions should be taken to discourage the habit of eating soil at all levels.

Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) activates the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR): A novel signalling pathway sensitive to phthalates

Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP), a widely used plasticizer, is detected in consumer's body fluids. Contamination occurs through environmental and food chain sources. In mouse liver, DEHP activates the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and regulates the expression of its target genes. Several in vitro investigations support the simultaneous recruitment of additional nuclear receptor pathways. We investigated, in vivo, the hepatic impact of low doses of DEHP on PPARα activation, and the putative activation of additional signalling pathways. Wild-type and PPARα-deficient mice were exposed to different doses of DEHP. Gene expression profiling delineated the role of PPARα and revealed a PPARα-independent regulation of several prototypic constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) target genes. Thus, we developed an original hepatic cell line expressing CAR to investigate its activation by DEHP. By means of a pharmacological inhibitor or CAR-targeting shRNAs, we established that CAR is required for the effect of DEHP on Cyp2b10, a recognized CAR target gene. Moreover, DEHP dose-dependently induced CYP2B6 in human primary hepatocyte cultures. This finding demonstrates that CAR also represents a transcriptional regulator sensitive to phthalates. CAR-mediated effects of DEHP provide a new rationale for most endpoints of phthalates toxicity described previously, including endocrine disruption, hepatocarcinogenesis and the metabolic syndrome.

부츠 컷(Boots-cut) 청바지 착용실태 및 맞음새에 관한 연구 -20~30대 성인 여성을 중심으로-

The purpose of this study is to provide information on how to improving wearing sensation and fit of boots-cut jean through analysis of the actual wearing conditions and dissatisfaction. In order to compile the information about dissatisfaction with the appropriateness of the fit of boots-cut jean, a questionnaire was administered to 150 females(between the ages of 20 and 39) living in Gwang-ju, analyzed using the SPSS WIN 12.0 program. Also, 6 blue jean manufactures were investigated, the study method was a interview about company present status, sizing system and pattern of boots-cut jean. The result of this study were as follow: 1. In wearing conditions, the 20's(51.6%) to 30's(69.1%) is found the best preferred jean is boots-cut style. The reason why consumers prefer boots-cut jeans with wearing fit does to seem charming bodyline of the adult female. 2. Body type groups by drop was classified with the usual waist, the thick waist, the thin waist. The differences among age groups, body type and so on were compared using the chi-square test. Dissatisfaction of the fit of the thick waist and the thin waist was higher than the usual waist. 3. Research on the production sizing system of 6 blue jean brands showed the total sizing system of each manufacture were <TEX>$3{\sim}9$</TEX>, they were reflected the sizing system of the korean Industrial Standards(KS K 0051). Therefore, it is considered necessary for boots-cut jeans pattern and sizing system for Korean consumer's body shape.