Domestic Economy Research Articles

Artificial intelligence in applied family research involving families with young children: A scoping review

AbstractObjectiveThis scoping review systematically examined the applied family science literature involving families raising young children to understand how relevant studies have applied artificial intelligence (AI)‐facilitated technologies.BackgroundFamily research is exploring the application of AI. However, there is a critical need for a review study that systematically examines the varied use of AI in applied family science to inform family practitioners and policymakers.MethodComprehensive literature searches were conducted in nine databases. Of the 10,022 studies identified, 21 met inclusion criteria: peer‐reviewed journal article; published between 2014–2024; written in English; involved the use of AI in collecting data, analyzing data, or providing family‐centered services; included families raising young children 0–5 years; and was quantitative in analysis.ResultsMost studies focused on maternal and child health outcomes in low‐ and middle‐income countries. All studies identified were in the AI use domain of data analysis, with 76% of the studies having a focus on identifying the most important predictors. Random forest performed as the best machine learning model. Only one study directly mentioned the ethical use of AI.ConclusionOverall, the applied family science evidence base that employs AI is limited in size and scope, with most studies using AI for data analysis purposes with limited ethical considerations.ImplicationsAI models in applied family science can inform family services and policies aimed at promoting family and child health. However, thoughtful consideration of AI ethics and fairness is needed to prevent the negative social impacts of AI on marginalized groups of families and their young children.

Estimating Determinants of Contractualization of Workers in Organized Sector in India

The structural adjustment programme adopted in 1990 led to the removal of all existing pre-reform regulations and restrictions imposed on the Indian industries. This radically transformed India’s trade relations with international markets. The liberalization of Indian economy on one hand accelerated foreign capital as well as technology influx while on the other hand increased competition for the domestic economy. Thus the increased openness and flexibility arising from the economic transformation prompted the domestic producers to resort to alternative informal routes of employment thereby leading to increased contractualization of employment substituting of regular workers by contract workers in the manufacturing industries. Thus this paper is an empirical study which focuses on exploring and identifying the industry specific factors which are affecting the degree of casualization in Organized manufacturing sector of India. Panel regression using STATA has been used and the econometric analysis reveals that average firm size, value of output, capital intensity, profit per worker and welfare benefits for workers have considerable favourable effect on the employment of contractual workers while trade union activity and the ratio of male to female workers employed have significant negative impact on contract worker employment in the manufacturing industries of the organized sector in India. Keywords: contractualization, capital intensity, trade union activity, feminization, panel regression JEL Classification: C33, J21, L60

Mapping sovereignism(s) in South America

AbstractSovereignism is said to be on the rise: defending a nation's political autonomy, international borders, and cultural identity and protecting the domestic economy from the perils of globalisation are core demands. What about Latin America? To what extent are sovereignist claims a key component of Latin American parties' platforms and rhetoric? How do these vary according to national contexts and ideological foundations? Is sovereignism truly novel in the region? This article, relying on qualitative analyses of party manifestos from six different countries, as well as on data from the Manifesto Project, aims to map Latin American sovereignism in its different dimensions (political, economic, cultural, international) according to country and party families. As our data show, claims for defending or achieving ‘sovereignty’ are a key component of the (mostly left‐wing) populist idiolect in the region. The Latin American extreme right tends to adopt a sovereignist rhetoric to justify a traditional pro‐market agenda. The article overall calls for a problematisation of the concept of ‘sovereignism’ by proposing a stronger cross‐regional perspective. There are different ‘varieties of sovereignism’ depending on whether state sovereignty is primarily viewed as something to be restored or, alternatively, to be achieved (as is the case in South America).

2022 개정 가정과 교육과정에 따른 시민성 함양을 위한 디지털 미디어 리터러시 교육의 탐색

Objectives This study aims to present a proposal for the application of media literacy education by considering the characteristics and curriculum characteristics of the 2022 revised curriculum, centering on the framework of the 2020 Evaluation Institute study, Application to the Curriculum. Methods This study analyzed prior research on the use of curriculum for digital media literacy education and analyzed the achievement standards and teaching and learning methods based on the content elements for digital media literacy education in elementary and middle school home economics-related content. Results Specific reflection standards were presented for home economics class activities, such as cultivating a critical perspective centered on media cases and utilizing media literacy capabilities to solve problems and practice them. Conclusions This study can provide guidelines to facilitate the application of the 2022 revised home economics curriculum in the field and contribute to the systematization of future curricular digital media literacy education.

Non-legal forms of financial activity in the context of the development of the concept of a “service state”

Taking into account the development of the concept of the “service state”, it is proposed to analyze the possibility of defining illegal forms of financial activity of the state. Foreign and domestic science consider the organizational activities of the state by building client relations between the state and society using various information technologies that allow providing state and municipal services. In this regard, it is appropriate to talk about the services provided related to the financial sector. The author concludes that: a) although the legal forms of financial activity of the state are predominant, nevertheless, non-legal forms are developing in the context of digitalization of public administration; b) non-legal forms of financial activity of the state should include: the portal of public services of the Russian Federation; a unified information system in the field of procurement; personal account of the taxpayer; unified portal of the budget system of the Russian Federation “Electronic budget”.

The impact of exogenous shocks on exchange rates in Vietnam

This paper investigates how exogenous shocks, including inflation, interest rates, energy prices, and crisis factors, are transmitted to the exchange rate and subsequently impact the economy. The transmission process is analyzed through the lens of the SBV's exchange rate management responses. Furthermore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the capacity of Vietnamese exchange rate system to sustain shocks. The article measures the effect of non-systematic shocks using a Dummy variable, where 0 represents normal conditions and 1 represents the time when shocks occur with the use of the monthly data from January 2009 to December 2022, compiled from data sources of the State Bank, GSO, IMF, and WB. The results show that the trend of exogenous shocks in the market over the past time is relatively favorable for exchange rate management in Vietnam, when the transmission reaction from market supply-demand shocks has a limited impact on the exchange rate and inflation. However, as the domestic economy and finance become more and more deeply integrated with the world, exogenous shocks may have a stronger impact. These findings have important policy implications for improving the SBV’s exchange rate management efficiency in relation to other variables to optimize the achieved target.

The trading house: A relational and configurational insight into family businesses

What analytical framework can we employ to conduct ethnographic investigation into family businesses? As sociological and anthropological perspectives increasingly extend their gaze beyond the legal confines of firms to include the kinship groups (household, business family) behind them, no existing integrative concept examines the sui generis organizations formed by these overlapping institutions. Based on fieldwork conducted among shopkeepers in rural France, this article proposes a relational and configurational approach to family business by developing an overarching category: the ‘trading house’. Combining Claude Lévi-Strauss’ analysis of the aristocratic house with feminist-inspired perspectives on domestic economy, the trading house refers to an interdependent group of (re)productive cooperation—comprising, at least, a business and a household—that, directly or indirectly, ensures the management of a transferable symbolic and material estate centered around a market activity. The relational perspective examines boundaries, resources, and interpersonal ties within the house as outcomes of an ongoing relational work, which delineates, blurs, and (dis)connects domestic, business and family spheres, all the while ensuring the historical continuity of the estate beyond its living representatives. The configurational perspective simultaneously draws attention to the (re)productive, monetary, and reputational interdependencies that bind and unite the members of the house across these shifting boundaries. This framework is particularly well-suited for understanding traditional small businesses in rural areas.

Impact of Debt Accumulation and Debt Restructuring on the Pension Space: A Case of Ghana

The Ghanaian economy has experienced persistent accumulation of public debt over the past decades. Debt Servicing over the years usually causes distress to the domestic economy whilst several external interventions seem to be beneficial only for a short while due to controversial fiscal and monetary policy decisions of successive governments. The recent financial sector clean-up followed by the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic and the Russian-Ukraine war have exacerbated the country’s debt burden which has culminated in a domestic debt restructuring programme aimed at securing an IMF bailout. Through thematic analysis, this research explored the debates and interviews organised by some selected Ghanaian TV stations with respect to the Domestic Debt Exchange Programme; with a research objective that sought to unravel the impact of the DDEP on stakeholders of the pensions space. The denouement of the study established four main themes by which the impacts were observed: namely, economic impact, social impact, psychological or emotional impact and reputational impact. The enormity of the impact presupposes going forward, government must perform an in-depth sensitivity analysis on the pensions space for prudent management of potential victims and repercussions. Additionally, with the exemption of pension fund, same will be negatively affected, how much more the inclusion of pensioners who are a vulnerable section of society, and institutional bondholders with whom pension schemes have invested funds.

Enriching Artistic Works with Leftover Colored Paper Using The Art Of Colored Paper Quilling For Female Students Of The College Of Home Economics To Achieve Sustainable Development

The field of artistic works is witnessing continuous changes and developments in new sciences and modern technologies. This is due to the community’s need for these works of art, and as a result of the colored papers remaining from paper manufacturing factories that are not used. The idea of the research was to use these remains to enrich the artwork and give it a contemporary appearance by using colored paper draping techniques to enrich the aesthetic aspect of the artwork.The research aims to achieve three basic axes: an axis to demonstrate the plastic possibilities of the art of colored paper quilling in its various forms, an axis to show the aesthetics of contemporary artwork from the remains of colored paper, and an axis concerned with the implementation of innovative artistic works that achieve sustainable development by linking them to create contemporary designs for use in the artistic work. . Collage style to enrich the field of artistic works among home economics students.Through these entries, the concept of collage art, its types, and its various plastic possibilities were clarified, and the different plastic possibilities of this art were identified. The research also relied on the experimental descriptive approach, through the experiment on fifth-level female students in home economics at King Khalid University. One of the most important results we reached. The hypotheses have been verified and it has been proven that experimenting with the remains of colored paper used in paper mills can achieve various plastic and tangible artistic values that enrich the artistic work of home economics students and achieve sustainable development. The current research recommends experimenting with the aesthetics of collage art using other materials.

R&D performance system as a basis for monitoring research and technological development.

The study develops and specifies the approach previously proposed by the authors to the creation of a system for the evaluation of the effectiveness of research and technological activities in the Russian Federation. This system would serve as a foundation for monitoring scientific and technological progress in Russia and its regions, as well as R&D subjects and other elements of the science and innovation sphere. The authors identify the potential of this system to ensure the protection of the Russia’s domestic research and technological sector against unauthorized transfer of R&D results to foreign countries. It would also ensure compliance with secrecy and confidentiality regulations and provide additional opportunities for efficient public management of R&D sphere based on R&D performance data. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential use of the data provided by the system in addressing the most significant challenges facing the domestic science and technology sector in terms of safety and security, as well as protection against various threats. Additionally, we aim to contribute to the scientific, technological, and socio-economic development of Russia through the use of this system. In our analysis, we have applied principles from science and technology theories and strategies for scientific and technological advancement in Russia. We have also used verbal modeling approaches to analyze the potential impact of the system on the sector. Furthermore, we discuss potential additional measures that could be taken to enhance the effectiveness of the system, such as involving different stakeholders in the research and development process to ensure a more comprehensive approach.

A Bioecological Approach to Family and Consumer Science Teacher Preparation

Family and consumer sciences (FCS) has a rich history dating back to its origins as home economics. The profession has always been rooted in multiple branches of science including chemistry, biology, sociology, and psychology. The Family and Consumer Sciences Body of Knowledge (FCS-BOK) unveiled at the turn of the 21st century helped solidify the theoretical foundation of the profession. The theoretical approaches that anchor and guide the work of current FCS professionals are human ecosystems and life course development. This paper highlights more specifically how an FCS teacher educator utilizes Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory to understand the current state of FCS education and design learning experiences for future educators that instill values of theoretical application across careers in secondary classrooms.

Teaching as Family Life Educators in Collegiate Settings: The Application of Family Science Theories from Systemic and Chronological Perspectives

Family Science is an exciting field which offers a multitude of career pathways, including Family Life Educator (FLE) and the Certified Family Life Educator (CFLE) credential. In this article, I will discuss how, as a Family Life Educator in a university setting, I employ Bronfenbrenner's bioecological model of human development (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006), Elder's (1998) life course perspective, and the concept of intersectionality in teaching family science courses. The article will conclude with discussions of the strengths, limitations, and lessons learned.

Introduction to the Special Issue: Family Science Careers Through the Eyes of Theory

This manuscript is part of a special issue of Family Science Review entitled Family Science Careers Through the Eyes of Theory, edited by Raeann Hamon, Ph.D., CFLE. The authors of these deliberately unconventional manuscripts were asked to select and describe a career that a professional with a family science background might pursue. After outlining the professional role, authors reflected upon the family theories that most influence the way they approach their work and perform their professional duties. Authors briefly review the scholarly literature on selected family theories, provide case studies or work scenarios as illustrations of theory in action, and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the theories in their unique professional contexts. The Special Issue articles are designed to be used individually or in combination, and feature articles about careers in early intervention, special education, family court, child life, and higher education.

Uncovering measurement bias: Differential item functioning by income in the Couples Satisfaction Index.

Relationship satisfaction is among the most popular constructs in family science. As the study of families and romantic couples continues to include more diverse samples, it is imperative to ensure the measures scholars use do not significantly vary in psychometric quality across groups. The goal of this study was to examine the psychometric utility of the four-item Couples Satisfaction Index (CSI-4; Funk & Rogge, 2007) for individuals across the income spectrum. This study uses data from the National Couples' Health and Time Study, which sampled married and cohabiting adults in the United States from late 2020 to early 2021. Differential item functioning in the CSI-4 was assessed based on income (N = 3,497) using item response theory. For individuals experiencing lower incomes, the CSI-4 demonstrated differential functioning compared to their more affluent peers, with a bias against individuals experiencing lower incomes equating to average scores 1.38 units lower than higher income participants on the CSI-4 despite having the same true levels of relationship satisfaction. Differential item functioning was less pronounced when comparing item performance of lower- and middle-income participants, equating to lower income participants scoring .21 units lower than middle-income individuals despite having the same true levels of relationship satisfaction. While advancing diversity in family science, researchers should employ psychometric methods to understand how measures perform across groups, which will help prevent the misinterpretation of statistical bias as real group differences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Applying Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Model in Family Court

he work of Urie Bronfenbrenner is a key framework in Family Science, yet there are many areas where it has seldom been applied, including in the processes experienced by divorcing families in Family Court. Acknowledging the paucity of scholarship applying ecological systems theory to these topics, the paper offers instructive interpretations of personal practice experience in these roles. Described are two of several career roles in Family Court available to professionals trained in family science and how Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems model of development is applicable in that work. Careers described are providing training and consultation for attorneys and judges and conducting custody evaluations. Bronfenbrenner’s model affords consistent and useful principles for both roles. The processes of separation and divorce are described as a series of ecological transitions that affect not only family structure, but the relationships that make up the family system, as well as family members’ participation in other ecosystems. Changes in relationships and ecosystems affect development by requiring individuals to adapt. Family Court itself is an ecosystem with roles, activities and macrosystem beliefs that are often stressful for family members and that may increase risks to family relationships and development. Discussion considers areas where Family Scientists can use Bronfenbrenner’s model to contribute to improved research and practice for divorcing families.

Approaching Academic Advising of Undergraduate Students in HDFS Through the Lenses of Identity Development Theories

Many colleges and universities utilize faculty advisors for academic advising. In this model, faculty advise students in their discipline on curriculum requirements, as well as career and academic goals. Faculty often report feeling that they have had little training or support for their role as an academic advisor. Faculty advisors in the field of human development and family science (HDFS), however, are uniquely positioned for academic advising as they are trained experts in many of the known factors associated with effective advising. One area closely related to advising that HDFS faculty are highly knowledgeable about is identity development and exploration. Therefore, HDFS faculty can utilize their in-depth knowledge of Erikson’s, Marcia’s, and Arnett’s theories of development to inform their role as advisors.

Child Life through the Lens of Family Stress Theory and Family Systems Theory

Certified Child Life Specialists (CCLS) are an integral part of the healthcare team, who address children and families’ psychosocial needs and help children and families cope throughout their healthcare experiences. The history of child life, description of the interventions provided by Certified Child Life Specialists, and educational preparation needed for child life certification will be discussed. Certified Child Life Specialists use family science theories in their interventions with patients and families. Two of the family science theories that influence assessments and interventions are family stress theory (Boss, 1988; Hill, 1949; McCubbin & Patterson, 1983) and family systems theory (Smith & Hamon, 2022). Certified Child Life Specialists utilize these theories to provide support to families and create resources for positive coping and adjustment to their hospital experience. These theories will be discussed, and case studies will be examined to illustrate how Certified Child Life Specialists integrate these theories into their practice.

Applying Family Theories to the Field of Child Life

The following manuscript explores the application of family science theories to the field of child life. Ecological systems theory, family systems theory, and conflict theory will be presented and applied to child life. These theories explain the responsibilities and experiences of the specialist, their relationship with patients and families, and their own challenges in the work environment. The discussion section details the strengths and limitations of the selected theories, along with an explanation of why other theories were excluded from this analysis. Implications will be addressed.

Utilizing Family Theories to Maximize Early Intervention Work: An Examination and Application of Family Systems Theory and Bioecological Theory

The field of early intervention is rapidly expanding. Individuals trained in Human Development and Family Science programs are uniquely situated for work in this setting, due to their diverse understanding of human development, from birth through death, and the role of the family system in influencing development. More specifically, individuals from this academic discipline can employ a family systems theory and bioecological theory perspectives to inform their intervention work. The unique insight these theories provide to enhance early intervention work will be discussed and then applied using an actual case study. Though family systems theory and bioecological theory do have limitations in this field, namely their inability to explain a behavioral change and non-linear orientation, the authors feel the benefits of both these theoretical perspectives for explaining family contexts outweigh the limitations.

Using Relational Feminism as an Approach to Practice in Working with Families in Special Education

Families of children with disabilities have unique relational needs that may be addressed by practitioners in the field of family science. In this article, we discuss how relational feminism was used as an approach to working with families in a rural Special Education program to facilitate success for very young students with neurodevelopmental disorders and non-specified disabilities. This article provides a brief history of families’ roles in Special Education advocacy, along with the tenets of relational feminism. We discuss ways that relational feminism was used to create connections within the professional community, and with marginalized families. We also discuss the strengths and limitations of using relational feminism to promote connection and voice for families of marginalized and vulnerable individuals in the public education context.