Building Construction Research Articles

СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ БУДІВЕЛЬНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ УКРАЇНИ: МІЖНАРОДНА ПРАКТИКА

Introduction. In the current context of globalization and integration of the Ukrainian economy into the global space, the innovative development of the construction industry is of particular importance. The development of innovative solutions in construction is becoming a critical factor in increasing the competitiveness of the industry and analyzing advanced innovative technologies used in international practice and the possibilities of their adaptation to Ukrainian realities. The purpose of the article. The purpose of the article is to search for modern trends used in international practice related to the innovative development of the construction industry in Ukraine. Methods. The study of modern trends in the innovative development of the construction industry of Ukraine involves the use of scientific research methods that provide a systematic approach to analyzing the experience of developed countries, which allows obtaining objective results that contribute to the formation of recommendations for the implementation of innovations in Ukraine. Results. The article substantiates that the construction industry of Ukraine is one of the key sectors for economic development and, in the context of globalization and constant economic changes, it needs to be adapted to new realities. It is proved that one of the main factors of sustainable development of the construction industry is the introduction of modern innovations. The successful experience of developed countries in the field of construction is considered, which demonstrates that an innovative approach to the construction process is important for increasing competitiveness, developing infrastructure and improving environmental performance. Such successful experience is determined by the use of innovative technologies, sustainable construction practices, efficient resource management and attraction of international investments. The article provides several examples of successful experience in the field of construction in different countries. Leaders in the development of sustainable construction and energy-efficient technologies, in the use of renewable energy sources for construction, in the application of advanced technologies for the construction of earthquake-resistant buildings, in the creation of a sustainable urban environment through the use of vertical construction and in the integration of various engineering systems in cities are identified. The article determines that for Ukraine, which is undergoing an intensive economic transformation, the issue of introducing international innovations is extremely relevant. The factors that confirm the importance of introducing international innovations into the construction industry of Ukraine are identified. It is substantiated that they are due to the current situation in the country, its economic and social transformations, as well as the challenges facing the national construction sector. Conclusions are drawn that require a focus on the use of energy efficient technologies, smart buildings, sustainable materials, and the integration of digital technologies, which will significantly increase the efficiency of construction processes, reduce costs, and help preserve natural resources. Leveraging international experience in construction will also help Ukraine not only modernize its sector but also become competitive in the global construction services and investment market. Conclusiоns. The unstable economic situation, the consequences of military actions and global environmental challenges create a unique environment in which innovations become not only desirable but necessary, especially in the construction industry.

Predicting the Effectiveness of Resilient Safety in the Building Construction Sector of Rwanda Using the ANN Model

Most construction projects encounter safety issues that may affect project effectiveness and the lives of workers. Although various studies have investigated these factors, in some countries, such as Rwanda, there is still little empirical evidence regarding the important aspects that contribute to safety effectiveness. Therefore, this study was carried out to predict the resilient safety effectiveness in the Rwandan building construction sector via the artificial neural network (ANN) model. Through a literature review, resilient safety variables that may be relevant in the Rwandan construction sector were identified. Data were collected through questionnaires. Moreover, the levels of importance of resilient-safety-effectiveness-related factors were pinpointed and assessed using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Consecutively, an ANN model that could predict the effectiveness of resilient safety was developed. This study contributes to the awareness of key factors that may affect the effectiveness of resilient safety, and it helps to forecast the effectiveness of resilient safety not only in Rwanda, but also in other low- and middle-income countries with different conditions by stressing the importance of reducing safety-related risks in building construction projects.

Sustainable Synergies: Integrating Energy Efficiency and Eco-Economic Principles in Modern Construction

The efficiency in building design and construction with energy economics, eco-economics, carbon-negative technologies, climate policy, sustainable construction and green building practice is explored. The aim is to analyse the interrelationships among different components of the secret sauce that makes the built environment more sustainable in terms of energy. The focus is on energy-efficient design and construction that reduces the carbon footprint of built environment. The relationship of the economic elements of building energy use with efficiency is discussed (e.g., cost-benefit analysis of eco-technologies and the economic incentives that are needed for adoption). The paper also considers eco-economics (i.e., how the environment is factored into economic planning in the built environment). The role of carbon-negative technologies in achieving net-zero emissions is covered, as well as the interplay of climate policies and regulations in building-related sustainability practices. The challenges and opportunities in getting these technologies and practices adopted are covered (e.g., technological, market and socio-economic). The overarching theme is how the three interconnected concepts of energy efficiency, eco-economics and sustainable construction can be harnessed to produce a built environment that is environmentally and economically sustainable, and that contributes to the broader global sustainable development agenda.

A numerical study on the seismic retrofit of Haitian reinforced concrete building frames

Many countries with moderate and high seismic risk have upgraded their building design standards and have developed techniques to strengthen their seismically deficient buildings. However, very limited research has been conducted on the seismic evaluation and retrofit of Haiti’s existing buildings. In an effort toward filling this gap, after reviewing the reinforced concrete (RC) building construction practices in Haiti, this article numerically evaluates the seismic performances of four different non-ductile RC building frames typical of Haiti and five different techniques to retrofit those. Specifically, the selected RC building frames are of one to three stories and of residential and non-residential functions. The examined retrofit techniques include using RC shear walls, using steel braces, using buckling-restrained braces (BRBs), using prestressed high-strength steel cables, and RC jacketing. To examine the damage of the columns and the beam-to-column joints of the original frame archetypes, their detailed three-dimensional finite element models are initially developed and analyzed via the software LS-DYNA. Subsequently, each frame is retrofitted through three of the above-mentioned techniques. A suite of 11 ground motions is selected and scaled to evaluate the effectiveness of the retrofits by performing time-history analysis on calibrated models on OpenSees. The analysis indicated that these techniques can efficiently retrofit the prototypes of Haitian structures. All the retrofits significantly reduce the interstory drift demand, and the RC jacket significantly increases the moment and shear capacity of the columns.

Dynamic properties of the structures with three level of symmetry

In the field of mechanical engineering, structural systems that can present different types of symmetries are frequently encountered. The choice of such solutions with symmetries is generally the result of considering factors such as reducing design and production costs, logistical considerations, but also for aesthetic reasons. The existence of these symmetries inside some structures brings new properties in the mechanical behavior and can be useful in simplifying the calculation, in the static and dynamic case. Symmetries can bring new properties when the problem of studying vibrations is raised. Thus, the dynamic analysis time can be reduced and the designer can get a quick picture of the behavior of the structure in operation. The paper aims to study a special situation of symmetry that can be encountered in engineering practice, namely the existence of three planes of symmetry within a structure. Such structures can be found frequently in the field of mechanical engineering but also in the construction of buildings. The presented properties can contribute to the reduction of dynamic analysis time and therefore to the reduction of design costs. An example from real life is analyzed in the work, highlighting the listed properties.

Evaluation of Cost Implication of Virtual Project Management on Execution of Building Construction Projects during COVID 19 Lockdown

Evaluation of Cost Implication of Virtual Project Management on Execution of Building Construction Projects during COVID 19 Lockdown

Adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Facilities Management (FM) Practices in Malaysia

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a collaborative process that transforms the capturing, sharing, and development of construction project information, essential for the planning, design, and construction of buildings. However, the application of BIM in Facilities Management (FM) is still emerging, particularly in Malaysia, where its integration within FM practices has not been extensively studied. This study uses an online questionnaire distributed to FM companies across Malaysia to assess the awareness, barriers, and potential of BIM within the FM sector. Data collected have been analysed by using SPSS, with descriptive analysis, frequency analysis, and the Relative Importance Index (RII). The findings will highlight key challenges in BIM adoption and outline strategies to enhance its integration into FM practices, providing valuable insights to help FM practitioners optimize the benefits of BIM in the Malaysian FM industry.

Sustavni pregled identifikacije, procjene i ublažavanja sigurnosnih rizika u visokogradnji

The construction industry accounts for a large proportion of the national GDP; however, it is one of the world’s most dangerous industrial sectors. Existing studies have inadequately reviewed safety risk-related research in high-rise building construction. Therefore, this study conducts a systematic review of safety risks in high-rise building construction from 2004 to 2024. First, the paper presents investigates the causes of accidents and risk factors that endanger occupational safety and health, comprising 8 main factors and 60 sub-factors. Second, the paper explores the assessment methods for evaluating and ranking these safety risk factors, of which nine typical methods are elaborated. Finally, a technical framework for mitigating the eight main safety risk factors is established in paper, providing safety practitioners with access to cutting-edge technologies and methods in the construction industry. Furthermore, this study provides suggestions and future directions for addressing the drawbacks of current mitigation measures to sustainably improve building construction safety.

PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS (PCMs) FOR BUILDINGS AND AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS: A REVIEW STUDY

Phase change materials (PCMs) play a pivotal role in various sectors, particularly in automotive engineering, electric vehicles, and building construction. In the automotive sector, phase change materials are crucial for thermal management systems, aiding in temperature regulation of components such as batteries and engines. In electric vehicles, phase change materials are instrumental in enhancing battery performance and lifespan by effectively managing thermal loads during charging and discharging cycles, thus ensuring optimal operating conditions. These materials offer significant energy efficiency benefits by absorbing and releasing large amounts of latent heat during phase transitions, which helps in maintaining stable temperatures and reducing the load on heating and cooling systems. Additionally, PCMs contribute to sustainable building practices by enhancing thermal regulation, thereby lowering energy consumption and associated costs. This study explores the diverse applications and properties of phase change materials for improving thermal management and energy efficiency in vehicles, residences, and buildings. This research provides a comprehensive review of innovative solutions, including PCM-based heat pumps, PCM-integrated cementitious composites, and hybrid active-passive battery thermal management systems.

Geophysical methods reveal a subsurface historic wastewater tunnel exposed by a sinkhole: a case study in Bandung City, Indonesia

Bandung City, the capital of West Java Province in Indonesia, has changed its physical face rapidly due to the many constructions of office buildings, hotels, and other facilities until now. To avoid the instability of existing buildings and for building construction in the future, knowledge of the subsurface conditions in the city must be enhanced. A sudden soil collapse in the yard of the PAG Building occurred in early 2018 and resulted in a sinkhole with a diameter of 5 m, which revealed a historic wastewater tunnel structure in the subsurface. Non-invasive, low-cost, and time-effective geophysical methods to solve those problems are proposed. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), widely applied to identify artificial objects underground, came to be used for these purposes. A research to know the suitability of both methods for application began with numerical simulation, followed by field measurement on 4 GPR and ERT lines and analysis of each method. The results show that GPR data, through both numerical and field data, could identify and locate the tunnel in a radargram due to its hyperbola shape, whereas ERT data provided the property contrast between the tunnel and its host. The results suggest that GPR and ERT techniques are effective for revealing water tunnels in the study area with a maximum depth of 1.8 m and a 65% reduction in size. These findings can be used as a guide to using both methods to reveal the water tunnel network in the central part of Bandung City for sustainable urban planning.

Multi-criteria decision analysis of shuttering material utilization in tall building construction based on a hybrid approach of best worst method and topsis

Multi-criteria decision analysis of shuttering material utilization in tall building construction based on a hybrid approach of best worst method and topsis

Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Green Building Design for Environmental Sustainability

Green buildings are those that use sustainable methods of construction to either maintain or improve the local quality of life. Decisions affecting a project's quality, safety, profitability, and timetable are made using Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Green Construction by analyzing data gathered from monitoring the construction site and using predictive analytics. For instance, increased accuracy in weather predictions might lead to more production, less waste, lower costs, and less greenhouse gas emissions. Green building construction is a significant source of carbon dioxide released through the breakdown of carbonates. Researchers have concluded that integrating industrial wastes is crucial in green concrete making due to its benefits, such as reducing the requirement for cement. When planning with concrete, its compressive strength must be considered. Due to their high predictive power, AI algorithms may be used to determine the compressive strength of concrete mixtures. Existing artificial intelligence (AI) models may be evaluated for their modeling process and accuracy to inform the creation of new models that more accurately represent the comprehensive evaluation of setting parameters on model performance and boost accuracy. Potential sources of conflict in this anthropocentric future include climate change and the availability of renewable energy sources. Scientists think there is a connection between the increased emission of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (Co2) from the combustion of fossil fuels and the acceleration of climate change and global warming. Research has demonstrated that the building sector is a significant source of atmospheric carbon dioxide (Co2). Construction, building activities, and subpar energy sources have all significantly increased atmospheric CO2. The proposed research set out to measure how well AI in Green Building Construction (AI-GBC) might reduce carbon emissions and utility bills. Artificial intelligence uses SVM and GA to reduce energy use and carbon dioxide emissions. Several statistical metrics, such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Root Mean Squared Log Error (RMSLE), are used to evaluate the AI-GBC's precision. Both Machine Learning (ML) models yielded positive results, with prediction accuracies above 95%. Regarding predicting Co_2, GA models were close to the mark, with an R2 of 0.95. Ninety-six percent will complete a performance analysis, and 97% will conduct a k-fold cross-validation analysis. Cross-validation is used to ensure that the findings of the extended modeling technique are accurate and prevent overfitting.

Use of Sustainable Green Materials in Construction of Green Buildings

Due to many advantages, sustainability is becoming an important concern in the building industry. Since sustainability is becoming more and more popular around the world, the construction industry places ahigh priority on the creation of sustainable buildings. A number of environmental problems are emerging as a result of massive urbanization activities. By utilizing sustainable building materials, pollution will bereduced and the present situation of environmental issues will be improved. The application of recycleddesign products in the building sector is covered in the article. There is a great need for reasonably priced, environmentally friendly housing developments built with materials that may be found nearby. It protectsthe environment, the economy, and the energy supply. Consequently, the research takes into accountdistinctive goods that can satisfy the minimal specifications for the construction of sustainable buildings. Keywords: Green Building, Sustainable Development, Green marketing, Green Rating.

How A Study of Soil Dynamic Properties on the Stability of Building Structures in Foundation and Foundation Engineering

In the context of the increasingly widespread application of high-rise buildings, the selection of foundation base forms with appropriate materials is of great practical significance. The article takes the student teaching building of a college in city A as an example, with the help of the eigenvalue buckling analysis method provided by ANSYS, the three-dimensional finite element model is used to analyze the foundation pit building support structure from the soil moisture content, seismic action and the influence of different clay soil quality. Meanwhile, the feasibility of adopting foundation for buildings with clay1 as the main holding layer is verified from both energetic and dynamic aspects. After the foundation pit building construction, the lateral displacement is overall small, and the maximum lateral displacement is controlled within 4mm. With the increase of soil moisture content, the lateral displacement of the supporting structure gradually increased, and when the moisture content increased to 7 ml and 8 ml, the cumulative values of lateral displacement were 4.4 mm and 5.5 mm, which increased by 1.2 mm and 2.3 mm, respectively, with an increase of 37.50% and 71.88%, which indicated that the building construction should avoid the effect of the rainy season on the soil moisture content. With the analysis under the coaction model, the results show that the rate of foundation soil subsidence is increasing with the increase of floor loading. Under the analysis of the effects of different earthquake levels on different soil qualities, the interlayer displacement of clay 1 under 8 ∘ multiple and 8 ∘ rare earthquakes meets the requirements, so clay 1 meets the feasibility of building foundation engineering.

Qualitative Assessment of a Construction Building

A construction building's structural integrity, material quality, workmanship, and conformity to design specifications were all assessed qualitatively. Potential problems like cracks, corrosion, or subpar construction techniques were found during the examination through visual inspections, material testing, and documentation analysis. Guidelines for upkeep, fixes, or structural improvements were offered to guarantee the building's longevity, security, and adherence to rules. The evaluation sought to improve the building's durability, functionality, and occupant safety while correcting any flaws to preserve structural integrity.

Adaptive Reuse of Existing Buildings: Contemporary Relevance

Adaptive Reuse (AR) is repurposing the existing buildings by making changes in the architecture accordingly. It is one of the most efficient construction techniques. The building construction takes a big amount of money and time as well as making a credible impact on the environment. This paper aims to conclude the contemporary relevance of this method in terms of sustainability. With the help of a qualitative research methodology, this study focuses on examining the overall relevance of Adaptive Reuse as a sustainable approach to civil engineering constructions. Several implications of repurposing around the world have been studied to come up with an understanding of the modern relevance of AR. Based on the case study of several repurposed buildings, and a site observation the relevance and suitability of this method is concluded in this paper. Adaptive Reuse can be even more efficient if factors like structural integrity and historical credibility are considered. Maintaining the originality of buildings by using similar materials and renovating buildings to match the original theme of the buildings can help to preserve the historic architectural value along with meeting contemporary requirements. Proper structural treatment should also be applied to further increase the lifespan of the building. The structural treatment may include adding new structural members or repairing the existing ones.

МЕТОДИКА ОБОСНОВАНИЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ТЕПЛОИЗОЛЯЦИОННОГО МАТЕРИАЛА В СОСТАВЕ ОГРАЖДАЮЩЕЙ КОНСТРУКЦИИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ СРЕДСТВ КВАДРАТИЧНОГО ПРОГРАММИРОВАНИЯ

Abstract: Relevance of the research is connected to the importance of the problems related to the determination of the characteristics for structural solutions used in the construction or reconstruction of buildings and structures (taking into account the indicators of energy and economic efficiency), as well as the relatively low practical significance of the relevant scientific developments. Problem statement. It is necessary to determine the most preferred variant (model) of heat-insulating material used as an additional layer in the wall structure on the basis of the criteria related to the provided heat transfer resistance and the payback period of the corresponding design solution. Research aim. Development of tools for determination of the characteristics for thermal insulation material as part of wall structure within a residential building. Research tasks are the following: 1. Review and comparative analysis of scientific developments in the field of research. 2. Development of the procedure for determination of the characteristics for the heat-insulating material as part of the wall structure with the use of quadratic optimization tools. 3. Implementation of the developed procedure on a practical example. Results. Procedure for determination of the characteristics for the heat-insulating material as part of the wall structure with the use of quadratic optimization tools has been developed. The procedure has been implemented using a practical example, and the received results have been analyzed. Findings. The results of the procedure’s implementation on a practical example confirm the high practical significance of the developed tool. Thus, quadratic optimization tools can be effectively used to solve the problem related to the determination of the characteristics for heat-insulating material as part of an wall structure.

Lidija Ose (Osis) – Architect of Standard Residential Buildings and Furniture Designer

The article summarizes for the first time information about Lidija Ose (1922–1985), an architect of Soviet-era standard (typical) residential buildings and designer of built-in furniture, a graduate of the Faculty of Architecture of the Latvian State University (1952). It reflects the architect’s life and education, as well as her creative contribution during the period from the mid-1950s to the late 1970s when massive residential development took place and new standard multi-storey residential buildings were designed. The architect has contributed to the design, development, and construction of buildings of series M2, M3, 1-430, 1-316, 1-318, 103, 104, 119, and 467. L. Ose has also designed built-in kitchens, bathrooms, hallway furniture, building entrances, and interior and architectural elements (windows, balconies, doors, and their technical and structural details). Her work also includes cultural centres, clubs, cinemas, and a student dormitory. L. Ose has participated in several architectural design competitions, including for a sports centre on Lucavsala. Together with architects Marta Staņa (1913–1972), Imants Jākobsons (1934–1993), and Harolds Kanders (1927–2004), she participated in the design of the new building of the Daile Theatre at 75 Brīvības (then – Ļeņina) Street.

Enhancing the Performance of Lignin/Acrylonitrile Butadiene Hybrid Materials Using Dicarboxylic Acids

ABSTRACTTo reduce our dependency on petrochemical feedstock, there is a growing interest in utilizing natural biomass to manufacture high‐performance and eco‐friendly materials. Forest‐derived woody biomass contains approximately 20% to 35% lignin by mass, which is mostly underutilized. In the present investigation, lignin feedstock, isolated from the hybrid poplar tree using an n‐butanol‐based solvent mixture, was compounded with acrylonitrile butadiene or nitrile rubber (NBR) at an equal mass ratio to produce hybrid materials under high shear mixing using IntelliTorque Plasticorder. The lignin/NBR blends were modified with several organic acids such as oxalic and malonic acids (0.01 mol of acid/30 g of polymer). The properties such as processing behavior, tensile stress–strain, solvent swelling, melt rheological, and thermal stability of the materials were analyzed. The studies showed that oxalic acid was an effective modifier or cross‐linker, which profoundly increased the thermomechanical properties of the materials. For example, the average tensile strength and modulus of the 50/50 blend of lignin/NBR were 10.9 and 11.8 MPa, respectively, which increased to 15.1 and 396 MPa, respectively, on treatment with oxalic acid. In brief, the mechanical performance revealed that these lignin‐based materials may have potential applications in several areas including building construction and auto‐part manufacturing.

Time and Cost Analysis on Building Construction Project using Crashing Method

Crashing method is an effort to shorten the duration of a project by accelerating the work, Building Construction in Bogor can be built with the Crashing Method to save time and minimize costs. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of the Crashing method in building construction activities, and to determine the effect of duration on the addition of heavy construction equipment on the completion of faster 1st floor, 2nd floor, and 3rd floor work. The method used is field observation, this type of research is included in the type of comparative research. Based on the results of this study, the costs incurred have decreased compared to the previous cost of Rp. 1,477,760,967.01. It is known that the Normal Cost is Rp. 26,819,720,000.00 after doing the calculation, the Crashing Cost is Rp. 25,179,405,907.94. In the calculation of the amount of Normal Cost labor of Rp. 841,309,890.35 and Crashing labor of Rp. 633,974,914.30 for total normal materials of Rp. 3,212,062,893.19. Crashing materials totaled Rp. 2,361,951,475.67. In the calculation of the duration with the addition of Concrate Pump equipment on the K-300 concrete work of the 1st floor, 2nd floor, and 3rd floor, the duration of 14 days is accelerated, the normal duration is known to be 210 days after crashing the results of the duration of 196 days.