Construction Of Suspension Bridges Research Articles

COST ANALYSIS OF SUSPENSION BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION IN KALIMANTAN BARAT PROVINCE

The successful implementation of a job begins with the determination of a reliable estimation value. One of the models used in determining the estimated value of a job, using data from the cost budget plan (RAB) on work that has been carried out, is the Cost Significant Model. In this study, the data used were five suspension bridge construction jobs starting from 2018 to 2022. the data obtained from the RAB is processed into independent variables and dependent variables, which are then tested using multiple linear regression methods using the SPSS application. Based on the results of the analysis, the influential variables are X2, namely Bridge Oprit Work; X4, namely Upper Building Work (Transportation and Installation of Truss Bridges); and X5, namely Lower Building Work (Angkur Block Work, Pyilon Foundations, Wind Ties) with a total weight of 85.30%. By using the equation Y = -21,640,343,680,000 + (1,856,843,372 x X2) + (453,953,095 x X4) + (41,965,201,370 x X5), the maximum value of 62.21% and minimum value of -98.05% are obtained, so it falls into the Class 5 category. Class 5 has an accuracy value ranging from +30% to +100%, so it is estimated that it is feasible to use it to carry out the initial concept screening estimation.

Stability analysis of long-span bridge under static wind load

With the maturity of various technologies and the vigorous development of advanced materials, the design and construction of suspension bridges require larger spans and lighter structures, but at the same time, the problems arising from the dynamic and static responses of the system under wind loads have become more and more prominent. The phenomenon of wind-induced static response occurring before the emotional response has been found in wind tunnel tests at home and abroad. Static instability is also a vital issue in the wind-resistant design of large-span suspension bridges, so studying the static behavior and instability law of large-span suspension bridges under strong winds is of high practical value for the construction of large-span bridges in the future. In this paper, relevant research results of previous researchers based on static wind stability of suspension bridges are sorted out and summarized. Their corresponding fundamental theories are introduced in detail. In addition, the related analysis program is prepared by using the APDL language of ANSYS.

Structural Design Tuak River Pedestrian Suspension Bridge Anchor Block Type Rigid Symmetric with LISA

Anchor blocks are one of the components and elements that are very risky for suspension bridge construction, because almost The ability The Suspension bridge resistance rests on the cables held in place by the anchor block. This anchor block behavior study is to find out the major stress information occurring in the anchor block elements. In this research, the researcher refers to the Circular Letter of Design Criteria for Rigid Symmetrical Pedestrian Suspension Bridge, and conducts structural modeling using the finite element method-LISA program on anchor blocks. Condition of the anchor block after receiving the appropriate tensile force from the round table at a span of 96 meters, the tensile force of the suspension bridge cable is 664.6 kN, resulting in a stress of 6.184 N/mm2 on the concrete surface of the anchor block using the concrete grade is fc 30 MPa, in the suspension cable of the bridge there is a tension of 22.26 N/mm2 at the point of work. The results of the analysis of the anchor block used on the Tuak River Suspension Bridge with a span of 96 m can meet the required criteria, namely the axial load-bearing capacity, which is greater than the maximum axial force that occurs in the Borpile configuration. In the analysis of the finite element method using the LISA FEA device, a significant stress occurs in the anchor block section with the suspension bridge cable as shown in Figure 9, this occurs because of the large tensile force on the suspension bridge cable and the ability of the anchor block to remain in a stable condition is known.

FEM-Based Shape-Finding and Force-Assessment of Suspension Bridges via Completed Loop Adjustment

Abstract Finding the main cable shape is an essential step in the design and construction of suspension bridges. In this paper, shape-finding and force-assessment of suspension bridges based on loo...

Research on Safety Risk Assessment of Long-span Suspension Bridge Construction in Deep Valley in Mountainous Area Based on Cloud Model

Based on the fuzziness and randomness of cloud model, it is applied to the construction safety risk assessment of long-span suspension bridge in deep valley in mountainous area. According to the situation of Jiangdi River Bridge project, the cloud model evaluation method is adopted to add two indexes of wind load condition and import and export construction condition to the index system. The index weight is calculated by the maximum deviation weighting method, the comprehensive determination degree is calculated and the construction safety risk level is determined. By comparing the standard evaluation results of construction Safety Risk Assessment Guide for Highway Bridges and Tunnels (Trial) and the cloud model evaluation results, it is shown that the evaluation index system is constituted by adding corresponding special risk factors to the actual project and cloud model calculation is more reasonable and accurate than the traditional risk evaluation results.

An improved continuum model for determining the behavior of suspension bridges during construction

Large deformation can be involved in the construction of suspension bridges, and thus the geometry nonlinearity plays an important role in this process. The available continuum model, which is based on the so called “deflection theory”, is proved to be inaccurate in the condition with high geometry nonlinearity. This paper proposes an improved continuum model based on the principle of complementary energy and variational calculus, and the weighted residual approach together with the nonlinear adjustment optimization is proposed to numerically solve the continuum model. The result comparisons among the finite element method, deflection theory and the improved model confirm that the proposed improved model can achieve the higher accuracy than the deflection theory. Also, the following parameter analyses indicate the improved model has considerable stability and applicability to the suspension bridge in a wide range.

Comparative analysis of calculation methods for Cable Curve of Landscape Suspension Bridges

The main cable curve control of landscape suspension bridge is not only the premise of achieving the ideal completed state, but also the key problem of suspension bridge construction control. By analysing the characteristics of the main cable of anchored double tower landscape suspension bridge, the analytical equations for calculating the main cable curve of suspension bridge are derived by parabolic method and segmented catenary method. Then combined with practical work, the main cable curve was calculation methods by using the two calculation methods. Results show that both the parabolic method and the catenary method can be used for the preliminary design of the main cable curve of the landscape suspension bridge, but the segmented catenary method with repeated revision iteration has higher accuracy.

Simulasi Penjadwalan Proyek Pembangunan Jembatan Gantung dengan Metode Monte Carlo

The scheduling of a suspension bridge construction project is very influential in determining the success of construction which has risks and uncertainties in the construction of a suspension bridge. So we need a suspension bridge project scheduling to predict the work schedule for each suspension bridge construction activity. To overcome all the risks and uncertainties in the construction of a suspension bridge, a Monte Carlo method simulation is needed to process 10 activities in a suspension bridge construction project. The accuracy rate using Monte Carlo simulation is 93.99% for predictions for 2017, 2018 for 98.77% and 86.75% for 2019. So this Monte Carlo simulation can be used in predicting the scheduling of a suspension bridge construction project.

悬索桥施工监控技术

悬索桥施工监控技术

An analytical algorithm for the pylon saddle pushing stage and distance during the suspension bridge construction

During the construction of suspension bridges, the stress state of the pylon (tower) is improved by pushing the pylon saddle by an appropriate distance at the proper time. An analytical algorithm for the assessment of the required timing and displacements for the pylon saddle pushing at particular construction stages is proposed and verified in this study. The timing calculation is based on the assessment of current hanger tensile forces at each construction stage and the pylon stress state, while the pushing distance/displacement is derived from the conditions of elevation difference closure and the conservation of unstrained length of the main cable segments. This algorithm was successfully applied during the construction of a particular suspension bridge in China with a main span of 730 m. The results obtained strongly indicate that the bending moment in the pylon bottom is contributed by both horizontal and vertical forces of the main cable. The horizontal constituent is dominant and its share gradually increases in the bridge construction process. In a suspension bridge with side spans of various lengths, the stresses in the pylon bottom on the side with a larger side span is more likely to exceed the limit. Therefore, the respective strength criterion controls the pylon saddle-pushing schedule. The proposed analytical algorithm is quite straightforward and is recommended for wider application.

Risk Assessment Method for Cable System Construction of Long-Span Suspension Bridge Based on Cloud Model

Cable system construction is one of the most risky construction stages of long-span suspension bridges, and a reliable risk assessment is an important means to ensure the construction safety. This study proposes a risk assessment method for cable system construction of suspension bridges based on the cloud model, which can combine randomness and fuzziness of risk information effectively. First, a multilevel evaluation index system is built by disassembling the process of cable system construction. Next, the index weights are calculated by the uncertain analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Then, according to the cloud model, a risk assessment model for cable system construction of the suspension bridge is established by realizing the mutual transformation between qualitative language and quantified data. Finally, an illustrative example concerning the risk of cable system construction of Wuhan Yang-Si-Gang Yangtze River Bridge is provided to demonstrate the feasibility and objectivity of the proposed method.

An iterative calculation method for hanger tensions and the cable shape of a suspension bridge based on the catenary theory and finite element method

Construction of suspension bridges and their structural analysis are challenged by the presence of elements (chains or main cables) capable of large deflections leading to a geometric nonlinearity. For an accurate prediction of the main cable geometry of a suspension bridge, an innovative iterative method is proposed in this article. In the iteration process, hanger tensions and the cable shape are, in turns, used as inputs. The cable shape is analytically predicted with an account of the pylon saddle arc effect, while finite element method is employed to calculate hanger tensions with an account of the combined effects of the cable-hanger-stiffening girder. The cable static equilibrium state is expressed by three coupled nonlinear governing equations, which are solved by their transformation into a form corresponding to the unconstrained optimization problem. The numerical test results for the hanger tensions in an existing suspension bridge were obtained by the proposed iterative method and two conventional ones, namely, the weight distribution and continuous multiple-rigid-support beam methods. The latter two reference methods produced the respective deviations of 10% and 5% for the side hangers, respectively, which resulted in significant errors in the elevations of the suspension points. To obtain more accurate hanger tensile forces, especially for the side hangers, as well as the cable shape, the iterative method proposed in this article is recommended.

The key quality control technology of main cable erection in long-span suspension bridge construction

Main cable is one of the most important structure of suspension Bridges, which bear all the dead and live load from upper structure. Cable erection is one of the most critical process in suspension bridge construction. Key points about strand erection are studied in this paper, including strand traction, lateral movement, section adjustment, placing into saddle, anchoring, line shape adjustment and keeping, and tension control. The technology has helped a long-span suspension bridge in Yunnan Province, China get a ideal finished state.

Optimal design scheme of tower top gantry for suspension bridge construction

Optimal design scheme of tower top gantry for suspension bridge construction

Research and development of key technology and device of railway cable slip method construction of suspension bridge in mountainous area

Research and development of key technology and device of railway cable slip method construction of suspension bridge in mountainous area

On the Development and Innovation of Modern Suspension Bridge in China

<p class="p19">This paper mainly discusses on what should be paid attention to when innovative ideas in bridge construction are put into practice through analyzing the achievements of China’s modern suspension bridge construction since the initiation of China’s reform and opening up to the outside world. In recent years, some new concepts have been put forward in stiffening beams, cable saddles, cable bent towers and other aspects of the suspension bridge during its development. Among them, some are innovative and useful indeed while some merely meaningless. Analyzing the innovations of suspension bridge has a guiding significance for China’s bridge construction in the future.</p>

Application of the Track-Cable Erecting System for Steel Truss Girder in Aizhai Suspension Bridge

Aizhai Bridge is a stiffening steel truss girder suspension bridge and the main bridge consists of three spans of 242m+1176m+116m. It flies over Dehang Canyon, which is cliffy and steep, the depth between the designed elevation and the ground is 355 meters. In order to overcome the problems happened during the transportation, a new construction plan for the erection of steel truss girder is developed, combining the lifting technology with the cable-tracking transportation. Simply speaking, main cables and hangers are used as bearing structure, the track cables hanged on the hangers are used as transportation track. The transport vehicles system run along the tracking cables to deliver the steel truss girder, and the deck unit erecting system do the lifting job. In this paper, the scale model experiment and full scale model test of the track-cable transferring system are introduced, the design and test of erection gantry for deck unit are described. Finally, the engineering application of the track-cable erecting system is described. The results of experiment and engineering application show that the transportation and erection work of steel truss girder can quickly be completed by using the new construction plan. It is safe and economic solution, and has very broad prospect and practical value for the construction of suspension bridge and arch bridge.

Simulation of the wire reverse bending test

Steel wires are used for pre-stressing concrete structural units and for the construction of suspension bridges among other applications in civil engineering. The reverse bending and straightening of wires by rollers is employed as a routine quality check to detect laminations in wires. Experimental work on the reverse bending of wires and Finite Element (FE) simulation of bending of wires has been investigated previously but the simulation of the reverse bending and straightening of wire has not been studied in detail. Also, the FE simulation of the bending of wire round a mandrel reported in the literature was conducted by pinning the nodes on one end of the wire to the mandrel and applying a concentrated load to the free end of the wire to bend the wire, which does not replicate the bending process in practice. In this paper, three dimensional FE simulation of the reverse bending of steel wires conducted as a part of the research to investigate the effects of the combination of reverse bending and defects such as laminations and scratches on the wires is presented. It is demonstrated that the reverse bending simulation procedures employed are appropriate based on a good agreement with experimental results.

Keeping Swaying Bridges from Falling Down

In the Wake of Tacoma Suspension Bridges and the Quest for Aerodynamic Stability. Richard Scott. ASCE Press, Reston, VA, 2001. Paper, 314 pp. $69. ISBN 0-7844-0542-5. Scott offers a narrative of trends in the design and construction of suspension bridges through the decades following the catastrophic 1940 collapse of the Tacoma Narrows span.

Steel bridge construction in Japan

Abstract This paper briefly introduces the recent steel cable-stayed and suspension bridge construction in Japan. The big bridge projects in the highway network construction of the bay-shore routes in the Tokyo Bay, the Osaka Bay and the Ise Bay along the Pacific Ocean side are described. The Seto-Ohashi Bridge Route of 13·1 km, which skips five islands of the Inland Sea between Honshu and Shikoku, was opened in April, 1988. The Akashi-Kaikyo suspension bridge (960 + 1990 + 960 m) is now under construction and will be completed in 1998. The Trans-Tokyo Bay high-way project, which includes a total length of 5-km steel box girder bridges, is under construction, and the Kansai International Airport project is under progress in the Osaka Bay with 5-km truss-type access bridges for highways and railways. Steel consumption in bridge construction and steel bridge stock is also mentioned.