Construction Of Smart Grid Research Articles

Discussion on the Construction of Power Information and Telecommunication System

In 2008, Beijing Electric Power Supply Company completed the construction of communication operation management information system, which greatly improved the management ability of power communication and provided strong support to the 29th Olympic Games and the 60th anniversary of People′s Republic of China. Based on the current situation of power communication network and combined with the requirements both from the construction of smart grid and the development of information system, this paper discusses the process of power information and telecommunication development, analyses key problems and put forward the solutions. With the experience of the construction telecommunication information system of Beijing Electric Power Supply Company, the system architecture and functions are also discussed. It has reference value for the construction of communication operation management system in power system.

Research on data collection key technology of smart electric energy meters

In recent years, smart electric energy meters are demand at 70 million to 90 million with the strong smart grid construction every year in China. However, there are some issues in smart electric energy meters data collection such as the interference of environment, low collection efficiency and inability to work when the power is off. In order to solve these issues above, it uses the RFID communication technology to collect the numbers and electric energy information of smart electric energy meters on the basis of the existing smart electric energy meters, and the related data collection communication experiments were made. The experimental result shows that the electric information and other data batch collection of RFID smart electric energy meters are realized in power and power off. It improves the efficiency and the overall success rate is 99.2% within 2 meters. It provides a new method for smart electric energy meters data collection.

Outlier Data Treatment Methods Toward Smart Grid Applications

In a smart grid environment, advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) and intelligent sensors have been deployed extensively. As a result, large-scale and fine-grained smart grid data are more convenient to be collected, in which outliers exist pervasively, caused by system failures, environmental effects, and human interventions. Outlier deletion is always implemented in data preprocessing for improving data quality. However, due to the fact that real records that reflect rare and unusual patterns are also recognized as outliers, outlier mining is necessary to be carried out with the aim of discovering knowledge on abnormal patterns in power generation, transmission, distribution, transformation, and consumption. To the best of our knowledge, a comprehensive and systematic review of outlier data treatment methods is still lacked in the smart grid environment. We, in this paper, aim at presenting the review of outlier data treatment methods toward smart grid applications and categorize them into outlier rejection and outlier mining groups. Since we do this survey from the perspective of data-driven analytics and data mining methods, information security technologies are barely discussed in this paper. Based on a general overview of outlier data treatment methods, we make the contribution of providing the application scenarios of outlier rejection and outlier mining in the smart grid environment. With the construction of smart grid throughout the world, dealing with outlier data has become more crucial for the security and reliability of power system operation. Therefore, we also discuss some future challenges of outlier data treatment toward smart energy management.

Research on Application of Wireless Bridge Technology in the Smart Grid

The construction of smart grid, in the meet of communication network core layer must have the strong bearing capacity and the strong network frame, also requires the access layer have the wide variety and flexible edge access ability. In this article, in accordance with the technical features of the smart grid communication network, combined with the Global Energy Interconnection to the requirement of all kinds of communication. The wireless bridge system based on the IEEE 802.11 series protocol as flexible edge access is applied to the smart grid communications, to forward the power wireless bridge structure design and the bridge monitoring management platform design and safety protection design. The use of a wireless bridge will increase the transmission quality of signal, distance and the safety of the transmission. In this article, the wireless bridge in the application of the smart grid electric power communication network has a role in promoting, has a guiding significance to the construction of the smart grid communication.

Design and implementation of feeder automation

With the development of national economy, the demand for electricity from all walks of life has been gradually increased. People also put forward higher requests to the reliability of power supply. Feeder automation can quickly cut off the faulty line to ensure the safe and stable operation of the line. Under the sustainable development of modern society, people attach a great importance to all aspects of smart power grid construction, which is also significant for the smart grid distribution work. To ensure the reliable and high-quality power supply environment, the scientific and reasonable design and planning of power distribution automation system shall pay attention to arranging power distribution, and the appropriate feeder automation operation mode shall be selected. Only in this way can we ensure that the power outage is short once a fault happening in power grid system. At the same time, the line loss rate can be reduced, the efficiency of power supply can be raised, and issues in power equipment investment can be effectively treated. This paper mainly discusses the design and implementation of feeder automation, puts forward some practical application measures, and provides reference for the stable operation of feeder automation.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Smart Grid Development Level Under Electricity Market Layout

The smart grid is the latest trend and complex scientific issue in the development of power systems in the world today. With the new round of power system reform and the deregulation of the power market, comprehensive and scientific evaluation of the development level of the smart grid plays an important role in achieving the overall goal of smart grid construction. This paper constructed a comprehensive evaluation index system from the aspects of safety and reliability, economy, intelligence level and sustainability of smart distribution network. Then the comprehensive evaluation model of AHPTOPSIS intelligent distribution network was established. Finally, an empirical study on the development level of smart distribution networks of four power companies in a province was carried out, and corresponding conclusions were drawn.

Dual LiNbO3 Crystal-Based Batteryless and Contactless Optical Transient Overvoltage Sensor for Overhead Transmission Line and Substation Applications

Advanced high-voltage and overvoltage measurement techniques are required for smart grid construction. The existing overvoltage measurement methods that are currently used for power system measurements are mostly based on the use of electromagnetic voltage transformers and capacitive voltage transformers, which have contradiction in measuring accuracy, measuring distance, antijamming, and system compatibility. A batteryless sensor for contactless measurement of the overvoltage on overhead transmission lines based on a combination of the electrooptic effect in LiNbO3 with stray capacitance in the air is designed in this work. On the basis of this design, a dual-crystal structure-based electrooptic conversion unit is presented that eliminates the natural birefringence and improves the operating stability of the sensor. Testing platforms were set up to measure the characteristics of the sensor in thermal stability. In combination with a data acquisition device, the newly designed sensor was applied to online monitoring of the overvoltage in the ac bus and the overhead transmission lines of a 500-kV transformer station and a ±500-kV convertor station in the China Southern Power Grid.

An Improved Droop Control Method for Multi-Terminal VSC-HVDC Converter Stations

Multi-terminal high voltage direct current transmission based on voltage source converter (VSC-HVDC) grids can connect non-synchronous alternating current (AC) grids to a hybrid alternating current and direct current (AC/DC) power system, which is one of the key technologies in the construction of smart grids. However, it is still a problem to control the converter to achieve the function of each AC system sharing the reserve capacity of the entire network. This paper proposes an improved control strategy based on the slope control of the DC voltage and AC frequency (V–f slope control), in which the virtual inertia is introduced. This method can ensure that each AC sub-system shares the primary frequency control function. Additionally, with the new control method, it is easy to apply the secondary frequency control method of traditional AC systems to AC/DC hybrid systems to achieve the steady control of the DC voltage and AC frequency of the whole system. Most importantly, the new control method is better than the traditional control method in terms of dynamic performance. In this paper, a new control method is proposed, and the simulation model has been established in Matlab/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.

Development of IEC 61850 and Its Application

IEC 61850 is a standard protocol for communications within the substation system. In order to realize a functional complement and satisfy the expansion of its application in smart grids, modifications of its first edition are presented as the second edition of IEC 61850 of which the application area has been extended outwards substations, and all respects of power utility automation are covered. IEC 61850 has gradually served as a significant basic standard in the construction of smart grid and evolved into a huge technology system. This paper firstly analyzes the modified technical features of IEC 61850 Ed 2.0. And then the research and development of its application are also provided to gain an all-round understanding of the up-to-date utilization of this standard. Finally, the prospects of its application in smart grid are given.

The Research on Remote Control Technology of Power System Operation Cockpit Based on Application Virtualization

With the development of smart grid construction of China Southern Power Grid and the promotion of the integration strategy for power grid companies at all levels, the power grid operation system will gradually become standardized, integrated and intelligent. Since the requirements of safety and stabilization for dispatching are growing, the problem of managing multiple power grid operation systems should be solved urgently. However, with complicated structures, POC(Power System Operation Cockpit) is difficult to monitor and control these operation systems. For the reasons above, this thesis presents a remote control technology based on application virtualization. This technology achieves the remote monitoring, controlling and management of various heterogeneous power grid operation systems by building application delivery centres as well as servers and virtualization clients, provided both secure and efficient remote access across applications. It provides technical supports for integrated monitoring and controlling of operation systems.

The Research of Internet of Things in Operation and Maintenance for Distribution Grid

This paper takes state monitoring, operation and maintenance as business application scenarios, and then introduces the application of the Internet of things technology in equipment condition monitoring, equipment assets management, operation and maintenance of distribution network. The system realizes the accurate acquisition of running status and environmental information of the distribution network equipment through the installation of RFID, the bar code / QR Code and a variety of sensor devices. The practice shows that the application of the Internet of things technology in the distribution network operation and maintenance can effectively solve the problems of insufficient condition-based maintenance method and equipment on-line monitoring and other issues, and enhance the distribution network equipment management and utilization efficiency significantly. Meanwhile, it further enriches the internet of things’ application scenarios in the grid, and effectively supports the construction of smart grid.

智能电网项目的多维度支撑知识管理系统研究与开发

智能电网项目建设过程中，相关的文档、数据等资料较多，导致项目支撑和资料管理难度增加。为解决这个问题，本文通过获取智能电网项目售前、售中、售后中使用的资料，基于虚拟化的相关理论分析和整理，研究与开发了智能电网项目的多维度支撑知识管理系统。经过半年多的试运行，该系统实现了项目知识共享，为智能电网的建设提供了非常好的支撑作用。 During the construction of smart grid project, more and more relevant documents and data were generated, which led to project supporting and data management more difficult. In order to solve this problem, this paper studies and develops the multi-dimensional support knowledge management system of the smart grid project by acquiring the information of the pre-sale, sale and after-sale of the smart grid project, and analyzes and collates the relevant documents and data based on virtualization. After more than half a year trial run, the system has achieved the project knowledge sharing, and offered more support to the construction of smart grid.

Parallel PI/CDM Frequency Controller to Support V2G Plan for Microgrid

Smart Grid construction within conventional network is a step to digitalize and optimize the present grid. However, smart grid itself should be a part of the solution rather than being a new burden. According to this research, Electric Vehicles (EV) in the form of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) can play their own role for frequency control in an isolated power system. On the other hand, Microgrids mostly use Renewable Energy Systems (RES) in electrical power production that are naturally fluctuating, in a time there are increasing trends to install the controllable loads such as Heat Pumps (HPs) and V2Gs. On the other hand, operating manners and uncertainties in power systems cause the classic controllers to be unable to provide a proper performance over a wide range of operating conditions. In order to overcome such issues, this paper addresses a control scheme approach using Coefficient Diagram Method (CDM) technique to enhance the system validity and robustness against uncertainties. The proposed scheme suggests a parallel connection of CDM and PI controllers in which the performance has been compared with only conventional controller showing that the proposed scheme has superior validity. Different operation schemes have been simulated showing the flexibility of V2G utilization in the modern power system.

Performance Evaluation for Sustainability of Strong Smart Grid by Using Stochastic AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS Methods

As an efficient way to deal with the global climate change and energy shortage problems, a strong, self-healing, compatible, economic and integrative smart gird is under construction in China, which is supported by large amounts of investments and advanced technologies. To promote the construction, operation and sustainable development of Strong Smart Grid (SSG), a novel hybrid framework for evaluating the performance of SSG is proposed from the perspective of sustainability. Based on a literature review, experts’ opinions and the technical characteristics of SSG, the evaluation model involves four sustainability criteria defined as economy, society, environment and technology aspects associated with 12 sub-criteria. Considering the ambiguity and vagueness of the subjective judgments on sub-criteria, fuzzy TOPSIS method is employed to evaluate the performance of SSG. In addition, different from previous research, this paper adopts the stochastic Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to upgrade the traditional Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) by addressing the fuzzy and stochastic factors within weights calculation. Finally, four regional smart grids in China are ranked by employing the proposed framework. The results show that the sub-criteria affiliated with environment obtain much more attention than that of economy from experts group. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis indicates the ranking list remains stable no matter how sub-criteria weights are changed, which verifies the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed model and evaluation results. This study provides a comprehensive and effective method for performance evaluation of SSG and also innovates the weights calculation for traditional TOPSIS.

标准配送式智能变电站预制舱式二次组合设备方案及应用

随着我国电力行业的迅速发展以及经济水平的不断提升，智能电网建设速度不断增快，智能变电站也进入了快速发展时期。当前标准配送式智能变电站成为智能变电站发展的新方向。标准配送式智能变电站二次系统采用预制舱式二次组合设备，本文介绍预制舱式二次组合设备模块化方案及其在变电站工程中的应用。 With the rapid development of the electric power industry and constantly raise of economy level, the construction of smart grid is increasing. Meanwhile, smart substation has entered a period of rapid development. As a new direction, secondary system of standard delivery smart substation adopts the device of prefabricated cabin. This document mainly introduces the modularized scheme for the device of prefabricated cabin and the application in the substation project.

China’s Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Intelligent Substation Project Supervision Work Method Is Discussed in This Paper

The ecological environment promotes the construction of smart grids, while the smart substation is the key to the construction of smart grids. Based on the supervision of the Zigui 220 KV smart substation project in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of China, this paper studies how to well create the supervision for the smart substation project construction. With the research focus of “four-control, two-management and one-coordination” in the supervision and according to the problems and experience in the project construction, some reasonable suggestions are put forward, and then the accumulated methods and experience by supervisors when they are engaged in the supervision for the smart substation project construction are summarized.

Synthetic fault factor features under Weibull stochastic interference

Abstract Wind power is a rich, widespread and renewable energy, it is also one of the vitally important alternative energies. Wind power belongs to the renewable energy without pollution, and the power generation by wind can reduce harmful gas released from conventional power generation process with mineral fuel, and then decrease the development of greenhouse effect and acid rain. The wind power has been greatly developed in the global scope with maturing wind power techniques, and will maintain persistent growing. The development and utilization of renewable energy resources is the future development direction. In this paper, taking full account of the fluctuation and unpredictability of wind power, one will put forward two types of fault factor features extraction schemes, fault feature I: Factor coefficients and fault feature II: Factor scores, on the basis of these two schemes, one can realize accurate and reliable fault identification. The research in this paper has direct and practical significance for promoting the large-scale exploitation and utilization of wind energy. And the proposed fault factor features extraction schemes will contribute to the future construction of smart grid.

Short-term load forecasting based on big data technologies

With the construction of smart grid, lots of renewable energy resources such as wind and solar are deployed in power system. It might make the power system load varied complex than before which will bring difficulties in short-term load forecasting area. To overcome this issue, this paper proposes a new short-term load forecasting framework based on big data technologies. First, a cluster analysis is performed to classify daily load patterns for individual loads using smart meter data. Next, an association analysis is used to determine critical influential factors. This is followed by the application of a decision tree to establish classification rules. Then, appropriate forecasting models are chosen for different load patterns. Finally, the forecasted total system load is obtained through an aggregation of an individual load’s forecasting results. Case studies using real load data show that the proposed new framework can guarantee the accuracy of short-term load forecasting within required limits.

A Study on Strategies of Smart Green City - The Priority Analysis and Application of Planning Technique -

Purpose: The goal of this research is to identify the planning techniques of Smart Green City with Ubiquitous method and carbon-neutral city planning techniques and to induce the main planning techniques through the analysis of relative importance and practical adaptation. Method: First of all, eighteen planning techniques were derived and categorized into three organization systems and six sectors through literature review and FGI analysis considering the applicability of Ubiquitous service for carbon-neutral city planning techniques. Secondly, based on expert surveys and AHP analysis, the importance of Smart Green City planning techniques was evaluated. Thirdly, using case study, six cases related to Smart Green City were analyzed for the current status of application of planning techniques. Lastly, considering the importance of planning techniques and practical aspects, the characteristics of Smart Green City and its implication were estimated. Result: Energy, Resource and Waste and Transportation sector were identified as important sectors for Smart Green City. In addition, 'Construction of Smart Grid', 'System for Utilization of New & Renewable Energy', 'Smart Resource Circulation Management System', 'Establishment of Public Transportation Information System basis', 'Construction of Pedestrian / Bicycle oriented Road Environment' are essential planning techniques to create Smart Green City.

Research on Hierarchical Evaluation Index System of Intelligent Level in Smart Distribution Grid

Scientific and normative evaluation index system of smart distribution grid can provide effective guidance and advice for planning and construction of smart distribution grid. Based on the level and target of smart distribution grid construction, combining with the current situation and the development of smart distribution grid in China, this paper built a preliminary framework of evaluation index system of distribution grid intelligent level by hierarchical method, the system contains base layer, measurement and control network layer, management layer and effect layer. The key and new indicators are defined for each layer. We can estimate the distribution grid intelligent level objectively and comprehensively, and a reference for improvement and development of smart distribution grid will be provided with the help of this evaluation index system.