Construction Industry Development Board Research Articles

Corporate governance, risky business and construction industry: a divergence between Bursa and Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) Klang Valley, Malaysia

PurposeThis study aims to examine the association between corporate governance mechanism and firm performance measured by return on assets (ROA). The question is whether an effective corporate governance mechanism is able to increase the firm performance of Bursa and Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) Klang Valley, Malaysia. The main purpose of this study is the in-depth analysis of the corporate governance mechanism and construction industry Malaysia via Bursa and CIDB.Design/methodology/approachFollowing the primary and secondary data comparative approach, data are collected from 46 listed construction companies and 250 CIDB-registered SMEs for the financial year 2015. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test are reported, and model estimation is performed using logistic regression.FindingsThe empirical outcome shows that the corporate governance mechanism is significant in case of the CIDB Malaysia-registered SMEs. While, it has insignificant impact on firm’s performance for Bursa Malaysia.Practical implicationsThis paper offers evidence specifically for Bursa and CIDB Malaysia construction industry. It can also provide guidance to the board of directors for the subscription of shares under the corporate governance measures at Bursa Malaysia. The findings also suggest that CIDB should increase awareness regarding institutional investment to assist the securities market to develop further.Originality/valueThis study gives an indication about corporate governance, specifically for the CIDB-registered SMEs and Bursa Malaysia. It also discusses the matter of firm performance under the light of corporate governance.

RESTRICTION FACTORS TO IMPLEMENT SAFETY PRACTICES IN SMALL GRADE CONTRACTORS

This study was focused on small grade contractor in Malaysian construction industry. The total of small grade contractors in Malaysia registered by Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) is higher and increases for every year. However, it is well known that construction project are exposed to accidents and injuries including of minor accidents, ergonomics problems, out dated machinery can cause the machine breakdown, and lack of awareness from employers and employees. The statistic of construction accidents is one of the critical sectors that need a huge and fast overhaul from the current site safety practices. Moreover, the safety practice in small grade contractors is too far to achieve the good safety performance in construction industry compare to large grade contractors. In this study, a semi-structured question was developed to identify the factors that affecting safety practice in small grade contractors. The data used in this study was collected through the interview with manager in small grade contractors, Site Safety Supervisor (SSS), and Safety and Health Officer (SHO). The finding of this paper was identified factors that influence safety practice in small grade contractors such as poor Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) management; small project value; financial constraint; lack of training and knowledge on safety management; high competition; lack of communication; unsatisfactory safety motivation; not exposed with good safety culture on site; the existing OSH framework is fragmented; difficult in contract acquirement; do not have SSS, SHO or safety person in charge; lack of OSH formal documentation; financial limitation and time constraints. The critical factors lack of safety practice which are financial limitation and lack of training and knowledge. In conclusion, small grade contractors faced for some factors that avoid them to implement safety practice in their companies.

10th Malaysian Road Conference & Exhibition 2018

PrefaceThe Malaysian Road Conference & Exhibition 2018, currently tenth in its series, was held from 29th to 31st October 2018 at the Sunway Pyramid Convention Centre in the city of Petaling Jaya, located in the suburbs of Malaysia’s capital city of Kuala Lumpur. The conference was jointly organised by the Ministry of Works Malaysia, Public Works Department of Malaysia, Malaysian Highway Authority, World Road Association (PIARC) and the Road Engineering Association of Malaysia in collaboration with the Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia, International Road Federation Global and Road Engineering Association of Asia and Australasia. A World Road Association (PIARC) International Seminar on Asset Management was simultaneously hosted.Revolve around the main theme of Global Approaches to Advance Road Asset Management, 61 technical papers from local and international participants were presented, concerning new indicators and directions relating to the research, development, cutting-edge technologies, construction, management and maintenance of road, highway and related infrastructure assets. The conference has benefited those in the road industry, be they road concessionaires, expressway regulators, related government authorities, consultants, contractors, project managers and engineers from public and corporate sector organisations.Technical papers have undergone a rigorous peer-review process, based on initial Editors’ screening, anonymous refereeing by independent expert referees, and consequent revision by the article author(s) when required. Editors would like to thank the author(s) who have contributed to the Conference Proceedings, and also to all delegates for their support towards the successful organization of the conference. Our special thanks go to the Technical Program Committee for their devoted assistance and expertise towards the preparation of the conference proceedings. Also, the Editors would like to extend gratitude to the other Committee members as well as all the individual whom are directly and indirectly involved to make the conference possible.

Success Factors Among Industrialised Building System (IBS) Contractors in Malaysia

Construction joint ventures in Malaysia are become increasingly popular both with local and foreign companies in order to achieve their individual objectives. The contractors need to know the success factors, which were consider critical for their JVs to be successful. This paper aims to identify the success factors of joint venture projects among IBS contractors in Malaysia. Questionnaires were distributed to 200 IBS contractors registered under the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) in Malaysia with fifteen percent (15%) replied. Questionnaire consists of information regarding the level of joint venture acceptance and the success factors of joint ventures among IBS contractors. It was found that there were nine (9) factors of success which were experienced workforce and technical capability, skilled labour for site installation, good working collaboration, coordination of design, manufacture and construction, effective communication channel and close relationship with suppliers or contractor. It is recommended that these nine factors are considered as the key success factors of joint venture among IBS contractors. It is hope that those factors will provide useful guidelines for all contractors whom intend to pursue the joint venture on IBS projects.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES (CSR) AMONG G7 CONTRACTORS IN MALAYSIA

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is one of way to encourage among the stakeholders to improve not only the society, but environment and economy of affected people. This paper aims to identify the implementation, challenges and ways to enhance Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) among G7 Contractors registered under the Malaysian Construction Industry Development Board. (CIDB in Malaysia. Quantitative and qualitative methodology were involved which involved questionnaires survey and interviews. Questionnaires were distributed to 150 respondents with 32 replied and 5 interviews were held among the respondents. The findings show that the highest level of CSR implementation is in the relationship with clients and suppliers. Most respondents agreed that the biggest challenges in implementing CSR were lack of support from top management and lack of time. It also showed that most respondents agreed that the ways to enhance the implementation of CSR were the involvement of system of governance transparency with investors and shareholders, application of policy by employees, close relationship with the clients and suppliers, concrete actions towards community and adoption of measures on the environmental impact. It is recommended for the implementation of CSR and ways to overcome the challenges needed to be enhanced to reach the highest level of implementation and every stakeholder needs to act for effective improvement to enhance the implementation.
 Keywords: Construction, Contractor, Corporate Social Responsibility, Implementation

Strategic Level Implementation: Development Criteria for IBS Formwork System Readiness Framework (IBS FOSREF) for Malaysian Construction Industry

The Industrialized Building System (IBS) was introduced by the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) are classified to precast concrete framing, panel and box systems, steel formwork systems, steel framing systems, prefabricated systems and block work system which is mainly components based systems and products (CIDB, 2007). According to Nawi (2011), the benefit of IBS formwork system implementation will lead to environmental friendly which reduce the harmful impact on the environment by better use of available resources and reuse of molds will affect less of waste materials. Since there is no theory about readiness factors of IBS formwork system in Malaysia, the stakeholders will not realize the significance of IBS formwork system. Most of the challenges factor in implementation of IBS formwork system is the attitude of Malaysian construction stakeholders which are un-readiness in facing of globalization era since it was already stated by IBS Roadmap (2003-2010). Hence, the goals of this research are to analyses the critical factors of driving or hindering the used of IBS formwork system in the Malaysian construction industry. A survey among 157 respondents which are construction personnel was employed for the study. The survey result shows that fifteen (15) identified factors for IBS formwork implementation are further ranked according to the average mean score perceived by construction personnel as follow: (F6: Government Initiative), (F12: Roles of Agencies), (F13: Procurement), (F7: Training), (F14: Incentives), (F15: Manufacturer Availability), (F11: Familiarity of IBS System), (F4: Qualified Technical Team), (F8: Cost … Financial), (F3: IBS Score Index), (F1: Project Trend), (F10: Compliance of Policy), (F5: IBS Scoring Manual), (F9: Promotion) and (F2: Contractor Involvement). Other than that, the development of IBS Formwork System Readiness Framework (IBS FOSREF) incorporated with Strategic Level Implementation Mc Kinsey 7s for Malaysian Construction Industry which are the main outcome for this research could facilitate the Malaysian construction stakeholders to ensure IBS formwork system implementation will be success.

A Review of Safety Issues among Small Grade Contractors in Construction Industry

The construction industry is one of the largest industries in Malaysia. There were too many factors that contribute to construction project success. Construction industry comprises different participants including clients, consultants, and contractors (as construction business) that perform different roles from conception in order to complete the project. The contractors in Malaysia were categorized into seven Grades of contractors starting from contractor G1 to G7. These categories were graded based on a number of employees and the value of the project. In Malaysia, G1 to G4 contractors (small grade contractors) are the highest company were registered with the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB). Unfortunately, small grade contractors are widely exposed to the highest rate of accidents or risky compared to medium and large grade contractors (G5-G7) in this industry. In order to adequately clarify the issues on this safety matter, this paper has discussed the problems faced by small grade contractors that influence the implementation of safety practice in a construction site. The objective of study is to identify the problems in small grade contractors in order to implement safety practice on site. This study was focused on small grade contractor in Malaysia. The data for this study were supported by previous studies are reported in the journal; statistic of accidents in the construction industry by Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH); contractor information; statistic of contractors are registered under CIDB; safety book; and internet sources. This study had found that the small grade contractors have some issues related to safety practice whereas they did not have proper standard of safety (general safety act and regulation); they cannot appoint Safety Health Officer (SHO) to handle the site safety; have limited external resource; and also small grade contractors have financial constraints. Based on this review, it can be concluded that small grade contractors have more lacking in safety management and consequently, the rate of accidents still higher in the construction industry. However, safety management in small grade contractors can be improved with support by external resources such as researcher, large grade contractor, government, and pressure from authorities.

Malaysian as the Component of Labour Force for Construction Industry in Malaysia

The construction sector plays a significant role in the economy in order to achieve the inspiration to be a developed nation in 2020. In the effort to increase the efficiency of the sector, Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) had pledged to continue investing in human capital development in the construction industry as one of its initiatives under Productivity Thrust in Construction Industry Transformation Programme (CITP). However, currently, the construction industry of Malaysia is depressed by the low-wage and low productivity trap due to substantial reliance on low-skilled foreign workers. The number of local workers are not only low but are decreasing drastically due to out-migration towards better job opportunities in other sectors. Therefore, this research aims to establish a conceptual framework for Malaysians as the component of the labour force in the construction industry in Malaysia through identifying the landscape of participation of local labour, investigating factors hindering participation of local labour and propose initiatives to increase the numbers of participation of local labour. This paper presents a review of literature from journals, conference proceedings, and books. Based on the review, a framework consisting of four (4) components (i.e., Government Agenda, Local Labour in Malaysian Construction Industry, strategies to improve participation, and expected key outcomes of CITP for Productivity) is proposed. These findings will assist the extended investigation in the identification of ways to improve the participation of local labour for the Construction Industry in Malaysia.

Significant Factors Affecting Civil Engineering Project Performance

Civil engineering projects trigger the economic growth by providing infrastructure facilities and job opportunities as well as attracting the attention of foreign investments. Due to their significant contributions toward the nation growth, the performance of civil engineering projects has become the upmost concern by the government. Unfortunately, many civil engineering projects in Malaysia are dominantly associated with unsatisfactory performance in terms of cost, time and quality of the delivered products. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the underlying causes which lead to unsatisfactory performance by determining the factors affecting civil engineering projects. The objective of this paper is to identify the civil engineering project characteristics and the quality of Standard Form of Contract (SFoC) adopted and the contractual behaviour of key participants of civil engineering project which affecting the performance. Questionnaires survey were conducted to undertake the research. 124 feedbacks received out of 300 questionnaires distributed to the G7 contractors registered under Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) and consultant engineer registered under Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM). The data was statistically analysed using SPSS 21 and descriptive analysis was used for rank assessment of factors. It was found that the top three (3) most significant factors affecting civil engineering project performance are delay in making payment, environment uncertainty and the clarity of SFoC. These factors belong to three categories i.e the contractual behaviour of key participants, project characteristics and the quality of SFoC category. Thus, these categories are paramount to be put more concern on the performance of civil engineering projects in Malaysia.

Significant Factors Affecting Civil Engineering Project Performance

Civil engineering projects trigger the economic growth by providing infrastructure facilities and job opportunities as well as attracting the attention of foreign investments. Due to their significant contributions toward the nation growth, the performance of civil engineering projects has become the upmost concern by the government. Unfortunately, many civil engineering projects in Malaysia are dominantly associated with unsatisfactory performance in terms of cost, time and quality of the delivered products. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the underlying causes which lead to unsatisfactory performance by determining the factors affecting civil engineering projects. The objective of this paper is to identify the civil engineering project characteristics and the quality of Standard Form of Contract (SFoC) adopted and the contractual behaviour of key participants of civil engineering project which affecting the performance. Questionnaires survey were conducted to undertake the research. 124 feedbacks received out of 300 questionnaires distributed to the G7 contractors registered under Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) and consultant engineer registered under Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM). The data was statistically analysed using SPSS 21 and descriptive analysis was used for rank assessment of factors. It was found that the top three (3) most significant factors affecting civil engineering project performance are delay in making payment, environment uncertainty and the clarity of SFoC. These factors belong to three categories i.e the contractual behaviour of key participants, project characteristics and the quality of SFoC category. Thus, these categories are paramount to be put more concern on the performance of civil engineering projects in Malaysia.

Determining factors for enhanced skilled worker requirements in IBS construction projects in Malaysia

Industrialized Building System (IBS) refers to prefabrication and offsite construction in Malaysia. The construction industry embraces IBS for better construction quality with reduced failure risks and cost effectiveness. This method is highly supported by the Malaysian government through Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) Malaysia. However, IBS demands workforce that is skilled enough to produce and install construction components either on-site or off-site. The workers are deemed to be knowledgeable in handling materials, methods, and tools for constructing structures like houses, buildings, highways and roads. In fact, workers involved in construction projects are often found with low knowledge, skills, and accustomed to conventional methods instead of IBS. This research aimed at determining factors that may contribute enhancing skilled worker requirements for improving the implementation of IBS construction projects in Malaysia. The questionnaires were used to collect data from contractors involved in IBS construction projects in Malaysia. Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 22.0 software was used to analyse the collected data. The results show that skilled labour with awareness of IBS implementation can handle and implement IBS projects properly. The results of this work revealed that the skilled workers also ensure the projects can be accomplished on time with better quality. The usage of foreign workforce can be minimized by encouraging local labours to participate in IBS as skilled workers, which enhances the market share of construction industry in Malaysian economy. This research provides valuable information regarding the importance of skilled workers and addresses the role of stakeholders in improving knowledge in IBS construction.

The relationship between TQM and project performance: Empirical evidence from Malaysian construction industry

Many studies have suggested the adaptation and implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) is likely to improve an organization’s performance. A considerable amount of literature has examined the relationship between TQM and other elements like business performance, organizational performance, and marketing performance in different industries. However, little is known of the influence of TQM in project performance in the context of Malaysian construction organizations. The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between TQM and project performance in Malaysian construction organizations. Data were collected from member list of companies from the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) Malaysia. A total of 161 valid responses has been returned for data analysis. The findings revealed that TQM practices were partially correlated with project performance of Malaysian construction organizations. Specifically, operation focus and workforce focus were perceived as dominant TQM practices on project performance. This study contributes to the knowledge on TQM and project performance by providing empirical evidence on their ability to improve Malaysian construction industry. Besides, this study provides further insight for industrial practitioners to understand the roles of TQM and its ability in enhancing project performance.

The Effectiveness of Lean Construction Tools in the Malaysian Construction Industry Towards Contractor’s Environmental Performance

In resolving the issues of construction wastes, lean construction (LC) tools are anticipated to be used in the construction industry. LC is a sustainable approach that can accomplish the construction wastes efficiently throughout the construction processes. ThE approach also encourages organisations in sustaining their growth and profitability in the industry. This paper is a preliminary survey, therefore, aim to analyse the perceived effectiveness of LC tools in reducing construction waste for the enhancement of contractor’s environmental performance in the Malaysian construction industry. A structured interview was conducted with twenty (20) key personnel from selected G7 contractors in Malaysia, which are registered with the Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia. The results revealed that total quality management and partnering were the significant LC tools in reducing construction wastes. These LC tools also have a strong relationship with the contractor’s environmental performance. The findings defined in this paper could be necessary for future LC tools framework development that can strengthen the contractor’s quality of work. This advancement is in-line towards enhancing the Malaysian construction industry through the fourth industrial revolution.

A Review of Building Information Modelling (BIM) Documents in the Malaysian Construction Industry: Public Works Department (PWD) and Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB)

A Review of Building Information Modelling (BIM) Documents in the Malaysian Construction Industry: Public Works Department (PWD) and Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB)

A REVIEW OF IBS IMPLEMENTATION IN MALAYSIA AND SINGAPORE

This paper is a review of IBS implementation in Malaysia and Singapore. It investigates the limitations and opportunities in implementation of IBS in Malaysia and Singapore. In Malaysia, Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) defines Industrialised Building System (IBS) as a construction technique in which components are manufactured in a controlled environment (either onsite or offsite), then transported, positioned and installed into a structure with less additional onsite works. Content analysis is the method adopted in this study. Data is collected from books, journal articles, annual reports and newspaper articles. Studies show that IBS contributes many benefits including labour reduction, cleaner and neater sites, easy installation, fast completion, enhancement of quality finished products and flexibility. Construction industries in countries like Singapore and Malaysia have shifted the construction methods from conventional to prefabrication. In Malaysia, Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) is still promoting IBS in the private sector, whereas, government sector has successfully adopted IBS. However, in Singapore, Housing and Development Board (HDB) has implemented prefabrication in its construction industry. IBS has many benefits but with these benefits there are some limitations and hindrances as IBS is not widely adopted. This study highlights the benefits and challenges to overcome for the improvement in the implementation of IBS.

A REVIEW OF IBS IMPLEMENTATION IN MALAYSIA AND SINGAPORE

This paper is a review of IBS implementation in Malaysia and Singapore. It investigates the limitations and opportunities in implementation of IBS in Malaysia and Singapore. In Malaysia, Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) defines Industrialised Building System (IBS) as a construction technique in which components are manufactured in a controlled environment (either onsite or offsite), then transported, positioned and installed into a structure with less additional onsite works. Content analysis is the method adopted in this study. Data is collected from books, journal articles, annual reports and newspaper articles. Studies show that IBS contributes many benefits including labour reduction, cleaner and neater sites, easy installation, fast completion, enhancement of quality finished products and flexibility. Construction industries in countries like Singapore and Malaysia have shifted the construction methods from conventional to prefabrication. In Malaysia, Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) is still promoting IBS in the private sector, whereas, government sector has successfully adopted IBS. However, in Singapore, Housing and Development Board (HDB) has implemented prefabrication in its construction industry. IBS has many benefits but with these benefits there are some limitations and hindrances as IBS is not widely adopted. This study highlights the benefits and challenges to overcome for the improvement in the implementation of IBS.

The Insight on Quality Assessment System in Construction (QLASSIC) Implementation in Sarawak

Construction industry is one of the industries that contributes significantly to negative impact in terms of material, workmanship and quality of building. To overcome this issue, the Malaysian Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) suggested a quality assessment system using a point monitoring checklist called Quality Assessment System in Construction (QLASSIC). QLASSIC is an effective tool to provide a criterion quality workmanship for contractors, hence allowing the building occupier getting the most quality building product from the developers. This initiative will be aligned with the national quality and safety aspiration as stated under the Construction Industry Transformation Programme (CITP) 2016-2020. Furthermore, in Sarawak with rapid construction industry growth of 13 percent over the year, the numbers of construction project assessed by QLASSIC is still considered at a low pace. Thus, this study aims to deliberate the insight of contractors and developers on the assessment system. Ample literature review was conducted on building quality assessment’s benefits and its challenges, and later, a pilot survey were conducted among the contractors and developers in Sarawak for validation. In conclusion, this study revealed that Sarawak construction industry is slightly increasing towards the usage of quality assessment. However, lack of knowledge and getting a lower score of assessment may discourage the continuity of the implementation. The research findings may be a basis of references and necessary measures to promote QLASSIC implementation in Sarawak.

Investigation of construction wastes generated in the Malaysian residential sector.

The construction sector is among the fastest growing sectors in Malaysia; it consumes a vast amount of natural resources and produces a massive volume of construction and demolition waste. The waste is collected in a decentralised manner by sub-contracted companies. It is challenging to obtain reliable information on the amount of construction waste generated, because it is hard to determine its exact quantity and composition. Therefore, this study proposes a quantitative construction waste estimation model for residential buildings according to available data collected from the Construction Industry Development Board, Malaysia. In the development of this model, a theoretical investigation of the construction procedure and the construction waste generation process was conducted. The waste generated rate was determined as 25.79 kg m-2 for new residential constructions, which translates into about 553,406 t of anticipated waste annually.

Contractor’s Performance Appraisal System in the Malaysian Construction Industry: Current Practice, Perception and Understanding

Performance appraisal system is a common practice in any organisation to appraise performance of workers. In the Malaysian construction industry, performance appraisal system is applied to appraise contractor’s performance in many angles including: quality performance; time performance; cost performance; environmental performance; health and safety performance; productivity performance; and human resources performance. This is where the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) established three guidelines in strengthening the Construction Industry Transformation Programme (CITP) by appraising the contractor’s performance through identification of their weaknesses as well as drafting and offering suitable trainings in enhancing their performance. This paper is therefore undertaken with the objectives of: (1) determining the current practice of contractor’s performance appraisal system in the Malaysian construction industry; and (2) examining the construction players’ perception and understanding on the existing contractor’s performance appraisal system in the Malaysian construction industry. A set of questionnaires is designed and distributed to 157 contractors from G1 to G7 class. The paper finds that: (1) contractor’s performance appraisal system is benefiting the contractors yet should be improved for its efficiency; and (2) construction players have sufficient understanding on contractor’s performance appraisal system. It is expected that the improvement of contractor’s performance appraisal system via the findings of this paper would assist in achieving the three focuses of Transformasi Nasional 2050 (TN50), namely science and technology, urban prosperity as well as environment.

Innovative Procurement Adoption for Industrialised Building System (IBS) Projects

Industrialised Building System [IBS] is a new method that used prefabrication components in building construction as an alternative towards enhancing construction performance. The Construction Industry Development Board [CIDB] embraced the IBS method to enhance productivity and building quality, reduce wastage on site, increase occupational safety and health, and reduce overall cost of construction. Currently, most of the IBS project developments in Malaysia are still adopting traditional procurement system. However, traditional procurement system has been criticised for its fragmented procedure to project delivery in terms of integration and collaboration of the project team. As a result of that problem, a number of issues have recently arisen such as reworks, time delay, rising costs, lack of communication and coordination, and wastages. The purpose of this research is to identify challenges of the current procurement system and to investigate the possibilities of implementing innovative type of procurement method for IBS implementation. A deductive research approach was adopted. Reviewing relevant literature before embarking into any academic research project is one way of exploring a known theory in a holistic manner. It also appears to be one of an essential feature to create a firm foundation for the research. Based on extensive literature reviews; this paper describes what are initiatives that have been taken from developed nations which are known as earlier IBS adopters and through the findings these experiences may shed some light on the type of procurement that have been adopted. This study was conducted among Grade 7 IBS contractors in Malaysia to gain further clarification on the immensity of the issues as well as assessing the research instrument. The findings from this study reveal that financial matters, lack of early involvement, lack of integration and coordination, knowledge and understanding, role and responsibility, risk liability, communication and information, attitude and relationship matters are challenges embedded in the existing procurement approach in adopting IBS. Suggestion on how innovative type of procurement method such as Separation of IBS from Main Contract, Partnering and Integrated Project Delivery [IPD] will be able to minimise the fragmentation gaps will be concluded.