In this book, a collection of five previously published law review articles, Akhil Amar informs his readers that he will attempt to analyze Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Amendments from perspectives of text, history, and structure, in order to lay bare their first principles (p. x). The first principle is summed up concisely: the Constitution seeks to protect innocent. The guilty, in general, receive procedural protection only as an incidental and unavoidable by-product of protecting innocent because of their innocence (p. 154). How can we best utilize Fourth Amendment to protect innocent? In Amar's view text tells us to eliminate warrant requirement, history tells us to eliminate probable cause requirement, and plain old common sense dictates we eliminate exclusionary rule. The self-incrimination clause of Fifth Amendment can best protect innocent by admitting all reliable fruits of compelled confessions and mandating pretrial governmental interrogation of suspects. The Sixth Amendment's guarantees can best protect innocent by eliminating some testimonial privileges, limiting extremely vigorous cross examination of truthful witnesses, and interpreting right to counsel to protect only against erroneous conviction of innocent (p. 142).