Relaxation Time Constant Research Articles

The Structural Layers of the Porcine Iris Exhibit Inherently Different Biomechanical Properties.

The purpose of this study was to isolate the structural components of the ex vivo porcine iris tissue and to determine their biomechanical properties. The porcine stroma and dilator tissues were separated, and their dimensions were assessed using optical coherence tomography (OCT). The stroma underwent flow test (n = 32) to evaluate for permeability using Darcy's Law (ΔP = 2000 Pa, A = 0.0391 mm2), and both tissues underwent stress relaxation experiments (ε = 0.5 with initial ramp of δε = 0.1) to evaluate for their viscoelastic behaviours (n = 28). Viscoelasticity was characterized by the parameters β (half width of the Gaussian distribution), τm (mean relaxation time constant), E0 (instantaneous modulus), and E∞ (equilibrium modulus). For the stroma, the hydraulic permeability was 9.49 ± 3.05 × 10-6 mm2/Pa · s, and the viscoelastic parameters were β = 2.50 ± 1.40, and τm = 7.43 ± 4.96 s, with the 2 moduli calculated to be E0 = 14.14 ± 6.44 kPa and E∞ = 6.08 ± 2.74 kPa. For the dilator tissue, the viscoelastic parameters were β = 2.06 ± 1.33 and τm = 1.28 ± 1.27 seconds, with the 2 moduli calculated to be E0 = 9.16 ± 3.03 kPa and E∞ = 5.54 ± 1.98 kPa. We have established a new protocol to evaluate the biomechanical properties of the structural layers of the iris. Overall, the stroma was permeable and exhibited smaller moduli than those of the dilator muscle. An improved characterization of iris biomechanics may form the basis to further our understanding of angle closure glaucoma.

A constitutive modeling approach to simulate time‐dependent phenomena in rubber‐like materials

AbstractIndustrial rubber materials and similar rubber‐like materials exhibit complex mechanical behavior including nonlinear stress‐strain behavior up to large strains, hysteresis, Mullins effect, permanent set, as well as time‐dependent effects, like relaxation and rate dependency. The modeling of all these phenomena is a challenging task. One constitutive model that is capable to capture many effects in the large strain regime is the so‐called model of rubber phenomenology (MORPH). However, it is not able to capture any of the mentioned time‐dependent phenomena. Thus, this contribution deals with the extension of this model to simulate relaxation and rate dependency of rubber‐like materials. Thereby, a basic modeling approach is proposed, where only a slight change in the original system of tensorial equations is necessary. This approach is further extended by applying not only a constant relaxation time, but also loading history‐depended relaxation properties. For numerical simulations, a time discretization has to be applied to the constitutive equations, which is briefly shown. Finally, the extended MORPH model is applied to two different materials: an industrial rubber material and a polyurethane based adhesive. In both cases, the extended MORPH model is adjusted to uniaxial tension test data by parameter identification procedures. It will be shown that basic time‐dependent phenomena of rubber‐like materials can be captured well with the proposed extensions.

Antiparallel Spin Polarization Induced by Current in a Bilayer

The antiparallel current‐induced spin polarization (CISP) in an inversion‐symmetric double‐quantum‐well structure with the antiparallel Rashba effective magnetic field is calculated by solving the Boltzmann equation which is derived for the distribution operator in layer‐pseudospin space in the relaxation‐time approximation. The antiparallel CISP in an analytical form, obtained for constant momentum relaxation time in the limit of large Fermi energy, exhibits factor‐two increase with increasing the interlayer‐tunneling strength. This increase originates from the correction (to the semiclassical CISP) created by the subband mixing due to the momentum dependence of the Rashba effective magnetic field. The present interlayer‐coupling dependence of the antiparallel CISP is successfully explained as the layer‐pseudospin Hanle effect in which the spin in the original Hanle effect is replaced by the layer pseudospin. The present finding suggests that the correction by band mixing can be significant in the transport properties of various systems with the momentum‐dependent effective magnetic field.

Water concentration and rate of decrease in shiitake cultivation log during fruiting body development, as measured by MRI

Large shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes, pileus > 8 cm in diameter) are difficult to cultivate and account for only 3-5% of the total harvest. This study focused on the water absorption process within a log during the growth of fruiting bodies in order to increase the yield of large shiitake mushrooms. Konara oak logs (Quercus serrata, 85-95 mm in diameter, 290 mm in length) were inoculated with shiitake mycelium plugs and nine months later, young fruiting bodies developed, at which point the log was analyzed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) over a period of two weeks. The signal intensity and T1 and T2 relaxation time constants were determined from the acquired images, along with the distribution of water concentration within the entire log. The axial distributions of water concentrations in the log were higher in the 80 mm region around the fruiting body. The rate of decrease in water concentration indicated that water was supplied to the fruiting body from 80 mm axially in the upper half of the sapwood in the log. On the other hand, the water concentration in the heartwood did not decrease and the heartwood did not contribute to the water supply to the fruiting bodies.

Improving the Resolution of MPM Recovered Relaxometry Parameters with Proper Time Domain Sampling

The matrix pencil method (MPM) is a powerful tool for processing transient nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation signals with promising applications to increasingly complex problems. In the absence of signal noise, the eigenvalues recovered from an MPM treatment of transient relaxometry data reduce to relaxation coefficients that can be used to calculate relaxation time constants for known sampling time ∆t. The MPM eigenvalue and relaxation coefficient equality as well as the resolution of similar eigenvalues and thus relaxation coefficients degrade in the presence of signal noise. The relaxation coefficient ∆t dependence suggests one way to improve MPM resolution by choosing ∆t values such that the differences between all the relaxation coefficient values are maximized. This work develops mathematical machinery to estimate the best ∆t value for sampling damped, transient relaxation signals such that MPM data analysis recovers a maximum number of time constants and amplitudes given inherent signal noise. Analytical and numerical reduced dimension MPM is explained and used to compare computer-generated data with and without added noise as well as treat real measured signals. Finally, the understanding gleaned from this effort is used to predict the best data sampling time to use for non-discrete, distributions of relaxation variables.

Size and crystallinity effect on the ultrafast optical response of chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles

The excited localized surface plasmon (LSP) in metallic nanoparticles is known to relax through several processes such as electron-electron scattering, electron-phonon coupling, and phonon-phonon scattering. In the current research, the ultrafast electron-phonon (e-ph) coupling relaxation processes for different average sizes and crystallinity of chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles were evaluated utilizing transient absorption spectroscopy. The nanoparticle size and crystallinity of similar linear dimension polycrystalline spherical and monocrystalline cubic nanoparticles ranging from ca. 30–60 nm was related to their electron relaxation time constants and revealed very different dependencies. For the monocrystalline nanocubes, the electron-phonon coupling was not dependent on the cube edge length, while for the polycrystalline nanospheres, it was linearly decreasing with diameter. We demonstrate that the e-ph coupling time constant could be used to evaluate crystallinity and crystallite size in plasmonic metal nanoparticles when the size (surface area) of the nanoparticle is known.

In Situ Li-Plating Diagnosis for Fast-Charging Li-Ion Batteries Enabled by Relaxation-Time Detection.

The Li-plating behavior of Li-ion batteries under fast-charging conditions is elusive due to a lack of reliable indicators of the Li-plating onset. In this work, the relaxation time constant of the charge-transfer process (τCT ) is proposed to be promising for the determination of Li-plating onset. A novel pulse/relaxation test method enables rapid access to the τCT of the graphite anode during battery operation, applicable to both half and full batteries. The diagnosis of Li plating at varying temperatures and charging rates enriches the cognition of Li-plating behaviors. Li plating at low temperatures and high charging rates can be avoided because of the battery voltage limitations. Nevertheless, after the onset, severe Li plating evolves rapidly under harsh charging conditions, while the Li-plating process under benign charging conditions is accompanied by a simultaneous Li-intercalation process. The quantitative estimates indicate that Li plating at high temperatures/high charging rates leads to more irreversible capacity losses. This facile method with rational scientific principles can provide inspiration for exploring the safe boundaries of Li-ion batteries.

The 103Rh NMR spectroscopy and relaxometry of the rhodium formate paddlewheel complex.

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of spin-1/2 nuclei with low gyromagnetic ratio is challenging due to the low NMR signal strength. Methodology for the rapid acquisition of 103Rh NMR parameters is demonstrated for the case of the rhodium formate "paddlewheel" complex Rh2(HCO2)4. A scheme is described for enhancing the 103Rh signal strength by polarization transfer from 1H nuclei, which also greatly reduces the interference from ringing artifacts, a common hurdle for the direct observation of low-γ nuclei. The 103Rh relaxation time constants T1 and T2 are measured within 20minby using 1H-detected experiments. The field dependence of the 103Rh T1 is measured. The high-field relaxation is dominated by the chemical shift anisotropy mechanism. The 103Rh shielding anisotropy is found to be very large: |Δσ| = 9900 ± 540ppm. This estimate is compared with density functional theory calculations.

Solid-State mathrm {^3He} NMR of the Superconducting Rubidium Endofulleride mathrm {Rb_3(^3He@C_{60})}

A new variant of the superconducting fulleride Rb_3C_{60} is presented, with ^3He atoms encapsulated in the C_{60} cages. The ^3He nuclei act as sensitive NMR probes embedded in the material. The superconducting and normal states are characterized by ^3He NMR. Evidence is found for coexisting vortex liquid and vortex solid phases below the superconducting transition temperature. A strong dependence of the spin–lattice relaxation time constant on spectral frequency is observed in the superconducting state, as revealed by two-dimensional NMR utilizing an inverse Laplace transform. Surprisingly, this phenomenon persists, in attenuated form, at temperatures well above the superconducting transition.

Revealing the Equilibrium of Lithium Cations Across a Solid–Electrolyte Interface by T_1 NMR Relaxation

Battery fast charging is pivotal for broader acceptance of electric mobility. While demonstrated for lithium titanate (text {Li}_4text {Ti}_5text {O}_{12}, LTO) anodes, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Recently, NMR T_1 relaxation time constants of {}^7text {Li} in the bulk of LTO were found to change if the surrounding electrolyte was altered. It was explained by interdiffusion of mobile lithium ions between the two phases, facilitated by unpinning of polarons from surface defects and leading to a pseudocapacitive effect that potentially influences fast charging. This effect is explored further by systematically varying the lithium salt concentration in an aprotic electrolyte in contact with LTO. Spectrally resolved {}^7text {Li}T_1 NMR relaxation times were used as a measure for bulk concentration changes of paramagnetic polaronic charges in LTO. Correlation of electrolyte concentration and {}^7text {Li}T_1 showed qualitatively different behavior above and below a salt concentration of about 5 mM, leading to a relaxation dispersion maximum in the LTO bulk. At intermediate concentrations, relaxation was consistent with a {}^7text {Li} exchange equilibrium between LTO and electrolyte. Upon contact of the two phases, yet without insertion into an electrochemical cell or applying an external potential, lithium ions redistributed between LTO bulk and liquid electrolyte. The results can be understood analogously to the distribution of mobile lithium ions between two phases separated by a text {Li}^{+} permeable membrane. This is the first demonstration of such an equilibrium for non-faradaic lithium exchange at an interface between a solid ceramic electrode and a liquid electrolyte outside an electrochemical cell, substantiating our previous hypothesis of a polaron-supported mechanism. This study provides a basis for more quantitative (surface)-defect engineering, which is key to optimize battery fast-charging properties.

Real-Time Nondestructive Viscosity Measurement of Soft Tissue Based on Viscoelastic Response Optical Coherence Elastography.

Viscoelasticity of the soft tissue is an important mechanical factor for disease diagnosis, biomaterials testing and fabrication. Here, we present a real-time and high-resolution viscoelastic response-optical coherence elastography (VisR-OCE) method based on acoustic radiation force (ARF) excitation and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging. The relationship between displacements induced by two sequential ARF loading-unloading and the relaxation time constant of the soft tissue-is established for the Kelvin-Voigt material. Through numerical simulation, the optimal experimental parameters are determined, and the influences of material parameters are evaluated. Virtual experimental results show that there is less than 4% fluctuation in the relaxation time constant values obtained when various Young's modulus and Poisson's ratios were given for simulation. The accuracy of the VisR-OCE method was validated by comparing with the tensile test. The relaxation time constant of phantoms measured by VisR-OCE differs from the tensile test result by about 3%. The proposed VisR-OCE method may provide an effective tool for quick and nondestructive viscosity testing of biological tissues.

Neurochemical Differences between 1p/19q Codeleted and Noncodeleted IDH-mutant Gliomas by in Vivo MR Spectroscopy.

Background Noninvasive identification of glioma subtypes is important for optimizing treatment strategies. Purpose To compare the in vivo neurochemical profiles between isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1-mutant 1p/19q codeleted gliomas and their noncodeleted counterparts measured by MR spectroscopy at 3.0 T with a point-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence optimized for D-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) detection. Materials and Methods Adults with IDH1-mutant gliomas were retrospectively included for this study from two university hospitals (inclusion period: January 2015 to July 2016 and September 2019 to June 2021, respectively) based on availability of 1p/19q codeletion status and a PRESS acquisition optimized for 2HG detection (echo time, 97 msec) at 3.0 T before any treatment. Spectral analysis was performed using LCModel and a simulated basis set. Metabolite quantification was performed using the water signal as a reference and correcting for water and metabolite longitudinal and transverse relaxation time constants. Concentration ratios were computed using total creatine (tCr) and total choline. A two-tailed unpaired t test was used to compare metabolite concentrations obtained in codeleted versus noncodeleted gliomas, accounting for multiple comparisons. Results Thirty-one adults (mean age, 39 years ± 8 [SD]; 19 male) were included, and 19 metabolites were quantified. Cystathionine concentration was higher in codeleted (n = 13) than noncodeleted (n = 18) gliomas when quantification was performed using the water signal or tCr as references (2.33 mM ± 0.98 vs 0.93 mM ± 0.94, and 0.34 mM ± 0.14 vs 0.14 mM ± 0.14, respectively; both P < .001). The sensitivity and specificity of PRESS to detect codeletion by means of cystathionine quantification were 92% and 61%, respectively. Other metabolites did not show evidence of a difference between groups (P > .05). Conclusion Higher cystathionine levels were detected in IDH1-mutant 1p/19q codeleted gliomas than in their noncodeleted counterparts with use of a PRESS sequence optimized for 2HG detection. Of 19 metabolites quantified, only cystathionine showed evidence of a difference in concentration between groups. Clinical trial registry no. NCT01703962 © RSNA, 2023 See also the editorial by Lin in this issue.

Investigations on the thermoelectric and thermodynamic properties of quaternary coinage metal HgSBr

We present the findings of a thorough first-principles analysis of physical parameters related to the ground state, elastic, electronic, optical, thermodynamic, and transport properties of the quaternary coinage metal-based compound CuHgSBr using the WIEN2k package. The computed equilibrium lattice parameters align well with their experimental equivalents, providing strong support for the validity of the findings. We performed numerical and computational calculations to estimate the elastic constants for the orthorhombic structure with space group Pbam. The band structure analysis of CuHgSBr reveals an indirect band gap semiconductor of 0.76 eV, classifying it as a p-type semiconductor. We also calculated the optical properties within the energy range of 0–13.56 eV. Moreover, we investigated the effective mass, exciton binding energy, and exciton Bohr radius, which indicated that CuHgSBr exhibits a weak exciton binding energy and belongs to the Mott-Wannier type exciton category. Using the Boltzmann transport theory, along with the constant relaxation time and Slack equations, we determined the thermoelectric properties and lattice thermal conductivity of CuHgSBr. Notably, the figure of merit at 800 K is calculated to be 0.54, which is encouraging for potential thermoelectric applications. The comprehensive research study we conducted provides valuable insights for experimental research across multiple physical properties, as the material is being theoretically examined for the first time in this full prospectus.

The Study of Transport Properties of (III−Mn) V Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors

We investigated the transport properties of diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) theoretically by using the Heisenberg and Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida (RKKY) exchange interaction models by considering both spin and charge disorder. The formalism is applied to the specific case of Ga 1 − x Mn x As . Using the Heisenberg model and the Green function formalism the total thermal excitation of the magnon is calculated. The magnetization and Curie temperature of Mn -doped GaAs is calculated. The theoretical calculation of T C of Ga 1 − x Mn x As at x = 0.08 has a good agreement with the experimental calculation at x = 0.08 (i.e., 162 k). The exchange interaction constant and spin-dependent relaxation time is calculated by using RKKY interaction. The electrical conductivity and hole mobility are calculated by using the Boltzmann transport equation and the spin-dependent relaxation time. The electrical conductivity of Mn -doped III–V DMS is exponentially increased with temperature and magnetic impurity concentration. Hole mobility of Mn -doped III–V diluted magnetic semiconductor is increased with the magnetic impurity concentration.

Transport Properties Study of ZnSb Compound Using BoltzTrap First-Principles

In the last few years, materials that may have favorable thermoelectric properties have aroused great interest, because they have the ability to generate electricity through the thermoelectric effect. In this work, the temperature effect on the transport properties of a ZnSb compound having an orthorhombic structure is studied, using the local density approximation with the modified approach of Becke and Johnson (LDA + mBJ), within the framework of density functional theory (DFT). To do this, we use the BoltzTrap package implemented in the Wien2k code, with a constant relaxation time of the charge carriers. All transport properties were studied in the temperature range of 300 to 600 K. Moreover, for high temperatures, the prediction of the figure of merit of ZnSb indicates that the compound is much more suitable for thermoelectric devices. Also, the Pauli magnetic susceptibility of zinc antimonide showed that this material is non-magnetic.

Abstract P2078: Vasohibin Inhibition Improves Myocardial Relaxation In A Rodent Model Of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Heart failure with preserved ejection (HFpEF) is a complex syndrome with few therapies available to patients. Diastolic dysfunction is a common clinical feature among HFpEF patients, and strategies to mitigate impaired relaxation may have a therapeutic benefit. Recognizing that increased stabilization of the microtubule network induced by detyrosination of α-tubulin contributes to increased cardiomyocyte stiffness ex vivo , we explored if inhibition of detyrosination with a small molecule vasohibin inhibitor (VASHi) could improve in vivo diastolic function in obese/hypertensive (ob) ZSF1 rats, compared to lean/hypertensive ZSF1 and non-hypertensive Wistar Kyoto (Wky) rats as controls. Animals received two intravenous injections of VASHi (6.6mg/kg) or vehicle (veh) at 30 weeks old, when ob have a HFpEF phenotype. Echocardiography and invasive hemodynamics were performed after the first and second injection, respectively. Compared to ob veh-treated animals, ob VASHi-treated animals had a significant improvement in invasively measured time constant of early LV relaxation, tau (veh: 14.73ms ± 0.73 vs. VASHi: 11.02ms ± 0.45; P &lt; 0.05) and echo-derived deceleration time of early LV filling, indicative of improved early relaxation (Fig. A, B). VASHi improved early relaxation in cardiomyocytes isolated from non-failing (NF, N=3) and failing (HF, N=4) human hearts (Fig. C), providing the first evidence of small molecule VASHi improving human myocyte function. These studies indicate that excess detyrosination contributes to impaired early myocyte and myocardial relaxation in a clinically relevant HFpEF model and supports a potential therapeutic role for VASHi in HFpEF.

Magnetometer-Detected Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Photochemically Hyperpolarized Molecules.

Photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (photo-CIDNP) enables nuclear spin ordering by irradiating samples with light. Polarized spins are conventionally detected via high-field chemical-shift-resolved NMR (above 0.1 T). In this Letter, we demonstrate in situ low-field photo-CIDNP measurements using a magnetically shielded fast-field-cycling NMR setup detecting Larmor precession via atomic magnetometers. For solutions comprising mM concentrations of the photochemically polarized molecules, hyperpolarized 1H magnetization is detected by pulse-acquired NMR spectroscopy. The observed NMR line widths are about 5 times narrower than normally anticipated in high-field NMR and are systematically affected by light irradiation during the acquisition period, reflecting a reduction of the transverse relaxation time constant, T2*, on the order of 10%. Magnetometer-detected photo-CIDNP spectroscopy enables straightforward observation of spin-chemistry processes in the ambient field range from a few nT to tens of mT. Potential applications of this measuring modality are discussed.

A Pacing-Controlled Procedure for the Assessment of Heart Rate-Dependent Diastolic Functions in Murine Heart Failure Models.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a condition characterized by diastolic dysfunction and exercise intolerance. While exercise-stressed hemodynamic tests or MRI can be used to detect diastolic dysfunction and diagnose HFpEF in humans, such modalities are limited in basic research using mouse models. A treadmill exercise test is commonly used for this purpose in mice, but its results can be influenced by body weight, skeletal muscle strength, and mental state. Here, we describe an atrial-pacing protocol to detect heart rate (HR)-dependent changes in diastolic performance and validate its usefulness in a mouse model of HFpEF. The method involves anesthetizing, intubating, and performing pressure-volume (PV) loop analysis concomitant with atrial pacing. In this work, a conductance catheter was inserted via a left ventricular apical approach, and an atrial pacing catheter was placed in the esophagus. Baseline PV loops were collected before the HR was slowed with ivabradine. PV loops were collected and analyzed at HR increments ranging from 400 bpm to 700 bpm via atrial pacing. Using this protocol, we clearly demonstrated HR-dependent diastolic impairment in a metabolically induced HFpEF model. Both the relaxation time constant (Tau) and the end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship (EDPVR) worsened as the HR increased compared to control mice. In conclusion, this atrial pacing-controlled protocol is useful for detecting HR-dependent cardiac dysfunctions. It provides a new way to study the underlying mechanisms of diastolic dysfunction in HFpEF mouse models and may help develop new treatments for this condition.

Biomechanical Impact of Phosphate Wasting on Articular Cartilage Using the Murine Hyp Model of X-linked hypophosphatemia.

Degenerative osteoarthritis (OA) is recognized as an early-onset comorbidity of X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), contributing to pain and stiffness and limiting range of motion and activities of daily living. Here, we extend prior findings describing biochemical and cellular changes of articular cartilage (AC) in the phosphate-wasting environment of XLH to determine the impact of these changes on the biomechanical properties of AC in compression and potential role in the etiology of OA. We hypothesize that despite increased proteoglycan biosynthesis, disruption of the mineralized zone of AC impacts the mechanical properties of cartilage that function to accommodate loads and that therapeutic restoration of this zone will improve the mechanical properties of AC. Data were compared between three groups: wild type (WT), Hyp, and Hyp mice treated with calcitriol and oral phosphate. EPIC microCT confirmed AC mineral deficits and responsiveness to therapy. MicroCT of the Hyp subchondral bone plate revealed that treatment improved trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) but remained significantly lower than WT mice in other trabecular microstructures (p < 0.05). Microindentation AC studies revealed that, compared with WT mice, the mean stiffness of tibial AC was significantly lower in untreated Hyp mice (2.65 ± 0.95 versus 0.87 ± 0.33 N/mm, p < 0.001) and improved with therapy (2.15 + 0.38 N/mm) to within WT values. Stress relaxation of AC under compressive loading displayed similar biphasic relaxation time constants (Taufast and Tauslow) between controls and Hyp mice, although Tauslow trended toward slowed relaxation times. In addition, Taufast and Tauslow times correlated with peak load in WT mice (r = 0.80; r = 0.78, respectively), whereas correlation coefficient values for Hyp mice (r = 0.46; r = 0.21) improved with treatment (r = 0.71; r = 0.56). These data provide rationale for therapies that both preserve AC stiffness and recovery from compression. The Hyp mouse also provides unique insight into determinants of structural stiffness and the viscoelastic properties of AC in the progression of OA. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

In situ growth of Ag aerogels mediating effective electrocatalytic CO2 reduction and Zn-CO2 batteries

Metal aerogels have outshined themselves in electrocatalysis, however, the brittle property has constrained their intrinsic activity by the traditional drop-coating method of electrode preparation. Herein, a rapid in-situ growth strategy to obtain porous Ag aerogels on conductive carbon cloth (Ag As/CC) working as free-standing electrode was designed for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO. The preserved porous network structure of Ag aerogels with hydrophobic surface effectively inhibits the competing reaction of hydrogen evolution. The CO Faraday efficiency of 99.6%, mass activityCO of 23.33 mA mg−1, and Energy efficiencyCO of 59.85% were achieved at −1.0 V vs. RHE. Ag As/CC exhibits quick charge response ability with relaxation time constant of 0.04 s, and high mass transfer with Tafel slope of 59 mV dec−1. It also worked as the cathode to drive Zn-CO2 rechargeable battery with a peak power density of 2.16mW cm−2, to achieve electrocatalytic CO2 fixation and energy storage.