Constant Phase Element Research Articles

State of Charge Estimation for Lithium‐Ion Batteries Based on an Adaptive Fractional‐Order Cubature Kalman Filter

AbstractBased on the fractional‐order model (FOM), this paper proposes an adaptive fractional‐order cubature Kalman filter (AFCKF) method for state of charge (SOC) estimation of a lithium‐ion battery (LIB). Firstly, a FOM with two constant phase elements is built, which can accurately represent the dynamic features of a LIB with a higher accuracy. Secondly, the adaptive estimations of the coefficients in the measurement equation are achieved by a linear Kalman filter algorithm, which avoids the calculation of the relationship between the open‐circuit voltage and SOC. Thirdly, an augmented state equation including the SOC, the fractional‐orders and parameters in the FOM is investigated by introducing the augmented vector method, and the state information is estimated online via the AFCKF algorithm. The algorithm requires a little computational burden while ensuring the estimation accuracy and is well adapted to complex working conditions. Besides, this study fully considers the impact of noises on the estimation effect. To better overcome the disturbances caused by unknown noises and further improve the precision and stability of the algorithm, an adaptive estimation method of the noise covariance matrices is achieved. Finally, the experimental findings are given to reveal that the proposed method can be effectively used to different working conditions and the estimation accuracy is better than the adaptive integer‐order cubature Kalman filter.

Morphological, structural, electrical impedance, and equivalent circuit analysis of polypyrrole/barium substituted lanthanum manganite (La0.7Ba0.3MnO3) perovskite nanocomposites

The article presents the impedance analysis of polypyrrole (PPy)/La0.7Ba0.3MnO3 (LBM) nanocomposites synthesized by in situ chemical oxidation method. The morphology and crystal structure were analyzed by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Vibration modes were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The impedance behavior of the compounds was studied using an impedance analyzer in the frequency (100 Hz − 5 MHz) and temperature (30 °C − 90 °C) variation mode. Results of SEM and TEM for PPy, LBM, and PPy-LBM nanocomposites show spherical, rhombic and granular structures respectively. FTIR shows the presence of respective elements to be present for the formation of PPy, LBM, and PPy-LBM compounds. XRD patterns of PPy, LBM, and PPy-LBM nanocomposites show amorphous, orthorhombic, and semicrystalline phases respectively. The Real part of impedance shows decreasing value with frequency and the imaginary part of impedance shows the relaxing nature of the compounds. Cole − Cole analysis reveals the resistance contribution from grains and grain boundary. The equivalent circuit elucidated gives the combination of resistor and capacitor being parallel along with constant phase element and Warburg effects. The study helps us to understand the electric behavior of the samples whether capacitive or resistive type for which further studies can be conducted for sensor, anticorrosion coating, and spintronic applications.

Efficacy of an organic–inorganic hybrid phosphorus compound in corrosion mitigation of reinforcement steel in concrete. I. Gravimetric and electrochemical analysis

Bis(hexamethylene)triamine-pentakis(methylphosphonic acid) (BTPMP) was investigated for its inhibiting action on corrosion of Fe500D reinforcement steel. Results of gravimetric studies inferred that 10 mM of BTPMP is effective in corrosion control of the steel in saturated calcium hydroxide solution tainted by chloride ions. According to the electrochemical studies, the interface of the metal/solution exhibits higher charger transfer resistance and lower constant phase element values in the presence of BTPMP. The open circuit potential (OCP) measurements indicate that the presence of BTPMP shifts OCP values of steel in concrete in positive direction. The nature of the film is protective as observed from prolonged time taken for failure of BTPMP-protected rebar compared with unprotected rebar during accelerated corrosion tests. Furthermore, it is observed that the bond strength between concrete and steel is unaffected by the inhibitor film.

Evidence of Lampert Triangle and Jonscher’s Double Power Law in Doped Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Devices

The Lampert triangle model can be an interesting method for investigating the conduction mechanism in semiconducting polymers. A complete Lampert triangle is observed in PF6− doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) [PEDOT:PF6] devices, fabricated in a stainless steel/PEDOT/Ag structure and synthesized by electro-polymerization at three different doping levels (high-S1, medium-S2, and low-S3). The temperature-dependent current–voltage characteristics show three distinct regimes limited within a triangular region called the Lampert triangle: Ohmic, trap-limited/filling space charge-limited conduction (TFL-SCLC), and trap-free/trap-filled space charge-limited conduction (TF-SCLC). The vertices of the Lampert triangle represents the transition voltages (VT) for different conduction mechanisms, and the carrier density (p0), carrier transit time (tt), and relaxation time (td) for different doping levels are estimated through the analysis of the triangle. The mobility of carriers shows significant temperature dependence (Arrhenius type). The Jonscher’s double power law fit to AC conductivity data shows that the exponent (in the range 0–1) varies with carrier density and has different trends in bulk and interface. The impedance data and Nyquist plots are analyzed with two parallel RQ circuits (R: resistance; Q: constant phase element) connected in series. The values of onset frequency (ωo) in the conductivity plot of the different samples (S1, S2, and S3) give insights into their relative disorder. Raman spectroscopy studies have attempted to corroborate the changes in bond deformation with carrier density in correlation with the structure and disorder.

Structural, spectroscopic and electrical properties of iron doped oxyfluoride bismuth borate glasses

Glasses with compositions xFe2O3.(55-x)B2O3.10Bi2O3.10CaO.25LiF (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 mol% abbreviated as CaF0, CaF1, CaF2, CaF3, CaF5 and CaF7 respectively) have been synthesized using standard melt quench technique. Structural, spectroscopic, electrical, optical and thermal properties of these glasses are explored using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption spectra, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra, dielectric measurements, ac conductivity, equivalent circuit analysis, modulus analysis, dc conductivity, UV–vis-NIR spectra and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Non-crystalline nature is confirmed using XRD and FTIR. UV–vis and EPR spectra show that Fe3+ exists in distorted octahedral coordination. Dielectric parameters (ε′, ε″ and tanδ) are found to show similar variation and decrease with increasing frequencies. Modulus analysis and impedance spectroscopy revealed non-Debye type relaxation phenomena with a shift in and maxima of Mmax towards higher frequency at higher temperature. Nyquist's plot was fitted to equivalent circuit which consisted of series combination of two constant phase elements and a resistor connected in parallel. Variation in ac conductivity for all samples follows Jonscher's power law. Frequency exponent parameter (s) was calculated to analyse conduction mechanism by different conductivity models. Variation of dc conductivity with temperature confirms semiconducting behaviour of prepared glasses and no deviation in linearity of Arrhenius plot depicts contributions due to ionic conduction principally. Optical band gap obtained from DRS is found to be in range 2.45–3.58 eV with a decreasing trend with increased iron content.

Equivalent Circuit Models for Soils and Aqueous Solutions Under 2-Terminal Test Configuration

Numerous circuit models have been proposed to represent the electrode–electrolyte interface (EEI) impedance and bulk medium impedance of conducting media. Following a review, two suitable models are constructed to represent the behavior of conduction in electrolytes and soils, respectively. Both models incorporate a constant phase element in parallel with an apparent Faradaic resistance, which is found to reproduce the EEI behavior accurately. For the electrolyte model, a single parallel <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R-C</i> branch is added to represent the impedance of the bulk medium, whereas for the soil model, an equivalent ladder network of <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</i> - <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</i> branches is found to be suitable. Experimentally obtained electrolyte and soil impedance data based on 2-terminal impedance spectroscopy over a frequency range of 10 mHz to 10 MHz with variable current density are compared with values obtained from the models and where model parameters are determined by a curve fitting routine. The effects of electrolyte concentration, soil moisture, and electrode material are analyzed, and the models help to illustrate clearly how the EEI effect dominates at low frequencies while the intrinsic characteristics of the test medium prevails at high frequencies. The models are extended to account for soil-electrolyte impedance dependence on current density, which is most evident at low frequencies. The extent of the impedance plateau region is described by limiting upper and lower frequencies.

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) of parylene coated magnesium stents in organic solvent to study early corrosion control

Layers on stents of Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy, after different treatments were studied by electrochemical techniques in an organic electrolyte. Electrochemical impedance results show a constant-phase-element (CPE) behavior, which was attributed to the layers on stent surface, as well as diffusion impedance associated with Mg2+ ions diffusion. Power law model was suggested to characterize electrical properties of the layers. Additionally, samples with oxide layers presented a high-frequency distribution which was well described by complex ohmic impedance. Compared with bare and plasma pre-treated stents, the parylene coatings showed lower capacitances values, associated with a thicker layer which is maintained after crimping and expansion.

Li2SO4 doped Li2O + B2O3 glasses: Hopping mechanism, relaxation phenomena and conductivity behavior

This oxide glass system work reports a detailed of the hopping mechanism, electrical conductivity, and dielectric relaxation phenomena in Li2O + B2O3-based glass for various Li2SO4 mol%. The conductivity, impedance, and dielectric modulus were analyzed in a temperature range from 363 K to 563 K and in a frequency range from 100 Hz to 5 MHz. The conductivity of the glass sample was verified using Cole-Davidson, Jonscher’s power law, and Cole-Cole models and is found to be consistent with each other. Conductivity at the grain and grain boundary was also determined by fitting the impedance data using constant phase elements (CPE) in an equivalent circuit model. The equivalent circuit was used to interpret the impedance semicircles obtained from the ac measurements. Interpretation of the relaxation mechanism in the glass matrix is described by employing Kohlrausch-William-Watts (KWW) model and the modified KWW model, which discloses that the non-Debye type relaxation mechanism is followed by the charge carriers. Impedance spectroscopy has been discussed to distinguish between the contribution of grain boundaries and grains in the relaxation mechanism. The doping Li2SO4 effect can be explained by observing activation energy in the investigated samples. The power law exponent ‘S’ for glass matrix with temperature depicts CBH and NSPT hopping mechanism in AC conductivity. All the above results reveal the glass’s semiconducting nature and depend on the lithium sulphate content in the glass matrix.

Structures and electric properties of PANI/polymorphic-ZrO2 composites.

A polyaniline/zirconia (PANI/ZrO2) composite has been successfully synthesized using an in situ method with HCl used as a doping agent, SDBS as a surfactant and APS as an oxidant. The filler variations were comprised of various phases, which are amorphous, tetragonal, monoclinic and a mixture of tetragonal-monoclinic and varied volumes of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10%. Amorphous, tetragonal and a mixture of tetragonal-monoclinic ZrO2 were obtained from purifying natural zircon sand (ZrSiO4), while monoclinic ZrO2 was obtained from commercial materials. The structure characterisation was performed using X-ray diffraction and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The morphology was observed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The electrical properties of impedance, dielectric constant and dielectric losses, and electrical conductivity were characterised using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The research results showed that the filler phase had an effect towards the electrical properties of PANI/ZrO2. The impedance of PANI as well as PANI/ZrO2 showed a constant phase element (CPE) behaviour with impedance values of 9.87, 9.16, 13.31, and 79.59 kΩ for the composites with amorphous filler, monoclinic filler, tetragonal filler, and tetragonal-monoclinic filler, respectively. The dielectric constant and dielectric losses decreased with the increasing amount of ZrO2 filler. The AC conductivity of PANI/ZrO2 was found to be lower when compared to PANI for all of the filler phases and volume fractions.

The influence of sintering condition on microstructure, phase composition, and electrochemical performance of the scandia-ceria-Co-doped zirconia for SOFCs

Samples of 6 mol% Sc2O3 - 1 mol% CeO2 co-doped ZrO2 were fabricated by conventional ceramic processing methods and sintered at various temperatures from 1000 to 1650?C in air. The sintering conditions on microstructure and phase content are investigated using various characterization methods, including pycnometry, diffraction, and spectroscopy. The electrical conductivity of samples was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The effect of inductive load (measured from room temperature to 800?C) is discussed in low to high temperature regimes. At T&lt;400?C since the arc is not a complete semicircle, the high-frequency arc could be fit using a constant phase element (CPE), while by subtraction of inductive load, a good fit is achieved using a capacitor element instead of CPE. The Arrhenius conductivity plot of samples reveals that the specimen sintered at 1600?C for 6 hours exhibits the highest conductivity. The activation energy (Ea) and conductivity preexponential (?0) factor are calculated from a linear fit to data that decreases by the increase in sintering temperature.

Structural, conductivity, and complex impedance properties of the La0.7Ag0.3Mn1−xZnxO3 (x = 0 and x = 0.025) samples

In this paper, the structural and dielectric properties of La0.7Ag0.3Mn1−xZnxO3 (x = 0 and 0.025) manganite system are investigated. The x-ray diffraction analysis confirms that all compounds crystallized in the rhombohedral structure with R3̄C space group. The effects of Zn substitution on the crystal structure and the dielectric properties were studied by using the impedance spectroscopy technique at room temperature and over a wide range of frequencies. Electrical conductance curves are found to obey the Jonscher universal power law. We note a decrease in the conductivity when increasing the Zn content from x = 0 to x = 0.025. This behavior can be associated with the introduction of a very low concentration of a non-magnetic Zn ion, which distorts the octahedral MnO6 neighbor. The analysis of the complex impedance spectra reveals a single semicircular arc reflecting a non-Debye-type relaxation process. We conclude from the best fits that the equivalent circuit formed in our case is defined as a grain resistance Rg in series with a parallel combination of grain boundary resistance Rgb and constant phase element impedance (ZCPE).

Pressure-induced negative capacitance and enhanced grain boundary conductivity in nanocrystalline solid electrolyte BaZrO3

Proton-conducting BaZrO3-doped electrolytes are considered as potential high temperature proton conductors due to their high ionic conductivity and electrical efficiency in the operating temperature range of solid oxide fuel cells. However, doping leads to a decrease in grain boundary conductivity and greatly limits its applications. Here, the charge transport properties of sub-micro and nano-BaZrO3 electrolytes were studied by in situ high-pressure impedance measurements and first-principles calculations. Mixed ionic-electronic conduction was found in both samples in the whole pressure range. Pressure-induced negative capacitance in the tetragonal phase of nano-BaZrO3 was observed, which was related to the space charge layer of grain boundaries as well as the electrostrictive strain of grains. The enhanced electrostrictive effect was attributed to the existence of polar nano-domains in nano-BaZrO3. Furthermore, the coincident imaginary part of impedance and modulus peaks on the frequency scale indicated a non-localized carrier conduction in the tetragonal phase of nano-BaZrO3. The grain boundary conductivity of nano-BaZrO3 was enhanced by four orders of magnitude, and the impedance response changed from a constant phase element to an ideal capacitance, which was accompanied by the cubic to tetragonal phase transition. At a switching frequency of 0.1 Hz, the real part of the dielectric function of nano-BaZrO3 increases sharply with frequencies from negative to positive values, exhibiting a plasma-like Drude behavior. Our results provide insight into the optimization and application of BaZrO3-based proton conductors in solid oxide fuel cells.

Hierarchical Porous Electrode Impedance Model Based on Diffusion Dynamics and the Electrode Morphology and Prediction of Electric Double-Layer Structures

The capacitance performance of a hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) electrode mainly depends on the dipole storage capacity and the rate of electric double-layer (EDL) reorganization. However, it is difficult to directly measure the effect of microscopic changes of pores and electrolytic characteristics on the internal ionic mechanism of the EDL. Therefore, a model is proposed to easily and accurately describe both the diffusion and EDL dynamics of the HPC electrode. In general, diffusion in the mesoporous channel can be characterized in the middle-frequency region (5–500 Hz) and in the micropore in the low-frequency region (0.05–5 Hz). What is more, we have proven that the diffusion layer thickness is inversely proportional to the electrolytic concentration and positively proportional to the mesoporous size, microporous depth, and surface roughness. In particular, the thicker diffusion layer makes it easier for ions diffusing into micropores and a better EDL recombination in mesoporous channels. However, the thinner diffusion layer means a better EDL recombination in micropores. The low-frequency region (0.01–0.05 Hz) characterized the compact layer dynamics, which shows the constant phase element behavior obviously. Moreover, the compact layer thickness is inversely proportional to the surface heterogeneity, thus determining the dipole storage capacity. The model offers a general framework for impedance analysis and EDL prediction of HPC.

Advanced Fractional-Order Lithium-Ion Capacitor Model With Time-Domain Parameter Identification Method

Lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) is a viable candidate with good commercial prospects in renewable energy, hybrid electric vehicles, and smart grids. It is the convenient route of application development to build the equivalent circuit model of the device in the simulation software. In this article, two advanced fractional-order models of LICs with parameters related to physical properties are proposed to describe the variation of voltage curve in the time domain. The structure of the models is determined based on the reaction process in the frequency domain. The two models differ in their diffusion part in which the fractional differential is introduced into the porous electrode theory in two ways to express the surface inhomogeneity of the porous electrode. The physical significance of the constant phase element (CPE) is particularly analyzed, and it is found that CPE has the ability to describe charge redistribution features. A parameter identification method is presented to solve the parameter estimation difficulties of models with CPE in the time domain. The applicability of the models is verified under constant and dynamic current conditions.

On the use of a constant phase element (CPE) in electrochemistry

Several techniques can be used to experimentally determine the interfacial capacitance of an electrode, which is a crucial parameter used for quantifying the efficiency of supercapacitors. However, the values obtained from cyclic voltammetry can be significantly different from those extracted from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis. This is particularly due to the fact that the interface does not behave like an ideal (i.e., frequency independent) capacitor, and requires the adoption of a constant phase element (CPE). In this article, we present the state of the art on this apparent difference and on the error that can result from one or the other technique using CPE analysis.

Growth and physical investigations on NiWO4 thin films as a potential for NO2 sensing

In this work, nickel tungstate oxide (NiWO4) based thin films of 200 nm as thickness have been successfully deposited onto conductive Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates using a simple and low cost sol gel method via spin coating with interests in gas sensor applications. The elaborated NiWO4 thin films have been investigated in terms of its structural, morphological and optical properties by using X-ray diffractometer, Raman scattering spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV–VIS spectrophotometer. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows a polycrystalline nature of these films with a crystallite size close to 80 nm. The polycrystalline nature of these films was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy measurement, which depicts the presence of wolframite NiWO4. In addition, the surfaces topographies displayed uniform surfaces in shape and randomly disturbed by particles with sizes of the order of 50 nm. The optical properties of the NiWO4 depicting the presence of a direct band gap of 2.77 eV. Meantime, Charge transfer kinetic processes at the NiWO4/electrolyte interface were identified by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at different bias values. This interface adopt an equivalent circuit consisting of a parallel charge transfer resistance RCt and a constant phase element (CPE) in series with an electrolyte resistance RS at an applied bias of 1.2 V. The electron lifetime(τe) was calculated to be 2.4 ms. Finally, Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) sensing performance of the films has been carried out and discussed at low operating temperatures varying from 170 °C to 260 °C.

Electrochemical and degradation behaviour of single cells comprising Ni-GDC fuel electrode under high temperature steam- and co-electrolysis conditions

The present study investigates the electrochemical performance and degradation behaviour of a Nickel - Gd2O3 doped CeO2 (Ni-GDC) electrode containing single cell under steam electrolysis and co-electrolysis modes. The cell consists of the Ni-GDC fuel electrode, an 8 mol% Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 (8YSZ) electrolyte layer, a GDC barrier layer and a (La,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3 (LSCF) oxygen electrode. Firstly, the electrolyte-supported single cells were fabricated and characterized using DC- and AC-techniques in the 750–900 °C temperature range. Distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analysis was employed to resolve frequency-dependent electrode processes. The observed processes were further modelled using an equivalent circuit model (ECM) with 3 R//CPE (resistor//constant phase element) in series with a finite length diffusion element (Warburg short - Ws). Long-term stability tests of the single cells were carried out under steam electrolysis (H2O:H2, 50:50) and co-electrolysis (H2O:CO2:CO, 40:40:20) conditions at 900 °C with −0.5 A‧cm−2 current density for 500 h. Steam electrolysis conditions exhibit the highest degradation rate of 499 mV‧kh−1, while a lower degradation rate of 308 mV‧kh−1 is observed under co-electrolysis conditions. The post-test analysis of the operated cell shows increased Ni particles size, suggesting Ni agglomeration in both electrolysis modes.

Physical Interpretation of Mixed Ionic‐electronic Conductive Polymer‐coated Electrodes by a Simple Universal Impedance Model

AbstractA simple equivalent electrical circuit is used to obtain the physical parameters of electrical circuit elements from measured electrochemical impedance spectra. This model consists of four circuit elements with a clear physical meaning for each of the elements. Compared to complex models with multiple constant phase elements or Warburg impedances, our model is suitable for extracting physical values for important electrode parameters with low errors. The feasibility of the model was shown by investigating pure metal or polymer‐coated electrodes. Here, gold electrodes were coated either with Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT : PSS), Polypyrrole:poly(styrenesulfonate) (PPy : PSS), or (PEDOT/PPy) : PSS by means of electropolymerization. The model could demonstrate the ionic‐electronic differences such as the ion accessibility of the differently coated electrodes. To prove the correctness of the model, the obtained results were compared to the literature.

Leaf and hexagonal grid designs for lead-acid battery. An EIS analysis

This work explore the fabrication of two distinct metallic grid architectures of positive electrode, namely hexagonal and leaf shapes, within the aim of improving the economic and the qualitative electrical performance aspects of lead-acid batteries in the automotive industry. By following a well-established aging procedure, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy has been employed for their characterization by using different grid-acidic electrolyte interface changes. Two particular, parameters were investigated in order to predict the evolution of batteries lifetime performance: the resonance frequency single parameter, and time-dependent analysis of Constant Phase Element at 75 % State of Charge. Single resonance frequency fluctuations have been monitored at each PEIS step, in which we plotted the imaginary part of the impedance as function of frequency. An performance of battery lifetime has resulted for leaf battery than for hexagonal model, by comparison of the exponential-like increment degradation curve vs cycle number at SoC = 100 %. By using the effect of Q1 linear decay in the equivalent Randle circuit at 75 % SoC, we obtained for both models a smooth trend of the linear decay slopes, in particular in the second part of their lifetime, in agreement with previous investigated cells, demonstrating that is a robust feature, present in all fabricated cells. A fitting linear regression analysis depending on cycle number was applied to both batteries, in order to highlight the degradation grade of these curves. Another linear fit calibration of the degradation speed was applied for the second sector of batteries lifetime, pointing out a positive correction for the Q1 linear decay with ∼30 % for leaf cell over the hexagonal model, but less than previous investigated rectangular models or the industrial type. This suggests that the current homogeneity on the rectangular models during the charge-discharge processes is better distributed in the lower and upper parts of the plates than for hexagonal or leaf electrodes, being spotted here by the effect of current uniformity on their Randle circuit. The homogeneity of the electric field is not ensured by the shape of individual sectors, rather by their size and orientation.

Impedance spectroscopy of Au/Cu2Te/CdTe/CdS/Cd2SnO4/glass solar cells

In this work, we report impedance spectroscopy (IS) study on CdS/CdTe-based solar cells. The physical parameters of the cell were computed in the dynamic regime to access to the information on different capacitive, resistive processes, and characteristic response times occurring inside the device. Cell parameters as the depletion width, build-in voltage, diffusion length, minority carrier lifetime, among others, were calculated from IS measurements. The impedance spectra were fitted with an equivalent circuit containing a constant phase element and two resistances, one in series and the other one in parallel. These elements address the underlying physical parameters of the device and adequately describe its global response. The cell parameters calculated from IS were used in a numerical approach that considers: i) the spectral irradiance at AM1.5, ii) the experimental transmittance of our conductive Cd2SnO4, iii) the reflectance of the solar cell stack, and iv) the CdS and CdTe absorption coefficients to obtain the spectral response and the short-circuit current density Jsc of the cell. Finally, the calculated Jsc along with the series and parallel resistances were used to obtain a calculated J-V characteristic curve and this was compared with the experimental curve showing good agreement.