Consideration Of Cultural Values Research Articles

Preventable mortality, related socioeconomic, and cultural factors across European countries

Preventable mortality is a societal burden, impacting significantly on a country’s economy. The aim of this study is to identify the factors associated with the preventable mortality rate across European countries. The major contribution of this study comes from the consideration of cultural values to be related with preventable mortality. The cultural values taken into consideration are uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation which have a strong correlation with economic preferences. For this purpose, panel data from 27 countries was collected for the period 2011–2019. Various models were applied to the dataset, including least squares dummy variable regression, AR(1) model, as well as Driscoll-Kraay, Prais-Winstein, and Hausman-Taylor models. Results show that while preventable mortality rate across European countries closely correlates with GDP per capita, social security expenditures, and air pollution, it is also associated with immigrants per capita and health expenditures. The key findings point to the relationship between cultural values and preventable mortality. These results show that designing effective policies and measures to reduce preventable mortality need to account for the cultural traits of the population.

Enrollment of Spanish-speaking Latinx adults in clinical trials: Five lessons learned from a randomized study in substance use treatment

Latinx individuals are the largest ethnic minoritized group in the United States (US) at 19% of the population. However, they remain underrepresented in clinical research, accounting for less than 8% of clinical trial participants. Consideration of cultural values could help overcome barriers to inclusion in clinical trials and result in better recruitment and retention of Latinx individuals. In this commentary, we describe general guidance on culturally responsive modifications to facilitate the successful recruitment and retention of Spanish-speaking Latinx participants in Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) for substance use. We identify five culturally responsive strategies to help enroll participants in RCTs: 1. Create an ethnically diverse research team, 2. Assess available community partners, 3. Familiarize oneself with the target community, 4. Establish confianza (trust) with participants, and 5. Remain visible to participants and staff from recruitment sites. Representation of Latinx individuals in clinical trials is essential to ensure treatments are responsive to their needs and equitydriven. Some of these strategies can further research in helping to promote the participation of Latinx individuals experiencing substance use concerns, including outreach to those not seeking treatment.

Embedding Green Product Attributes Preferences and Cultural Consideration for Product Design Development: A Conceptual Framework

In the past ten years, the increasing customer awareness of environmental sustainability has driven the development of green products. As the initiator of product development, this situation can challenge product designers. Since customers may have varied expectations and preferences for green products, it depends on the green attributes embedded in the product and cultural value influences. As the natural behavior setting, cultural value has been proven to influence customer preferences in the literature. However, it was identified that previous studies had not clearly defined the consideration of cultural values in green product design. Therefore, this study aimed to generate a conceptual framework for embedding cultural value consideration in green product design. A comprehensive review of green product design and cultural values has been performed to align the relevancies for constructing the conceptual framework. Bibliographic analysis using the PRISMA approach was also performed to identify the current trend of green product design. It was expected that the proposed conceptual framework could be used as supporting insight in determining the customers’ preferences as an essential process for green product development.

Effectiveness of human resource diversity in market conditions

The article includes the difficulties of managing human resources in the conditions of diversity and the mechanisms of ensuring efficiency, which are related to actual issues, such as: problems of adaptation to the working environment, personal values, internal integration with the business environment. The diversity of people is first of all reflected in the diversity of thinking and ideas, which leads to the possibility of formulating a better strategy. A model of human relations: the problem of its power in a group, the problem of power and influence, the problem of striving for a goal, and the problem of acceptance and closeness. A key focus of human diversity lies in skill diversity. Diversity and outlook are ensured by the business coalition. In relation to the diversity of people, emotional dynamics combine: the first impression about employees, the formation of self-esteem, the determination of social status and the development of a comfortable society. Provision of multicultural organizational environment is developed in the article: consideration of social status, consideration of demographic variables, consideration of cultural values, integration of values, import of cultures and provision of pluralism.

Effective communication during organizational change: a cross-cultural perspective

PurposeThere is a growing consensus about the role of communication in facilitating employees' acceptance of and support for organizational change initiatives. However, little is known about why communication breakdowns occur during change or how change recipients' cultural values can influence the effectiveness of communication in this context. The study addresses this gap.Design/methodology/approachThe authors develop a theoretical framework that links four purposes of communication during change—disrupting, envisioning, legitimizing, and co-creating—to change recipients' cultural orientations. The authors also develop propositions that highlight how change agents' cultural sensitivity influences the relationship between communication purpose and the change readiness of change recipients.FindingsThe study implies that greater awareness and consideration of cultural values can reduce the likelihood of communication breakdowns and promote greater acceptance of and support for change initiatives. The authors conclude by discussing the implications of their theoretical framework for micro-level perspectives on change.Practical implicationsAlthough failures to change have in the past been linked to poor communication efforts by change agents, less is known about how or why communication breakdowns occur from the perspective of change recipients. The framework teases out issues related to the “what”, ‘how”, and “why” aspects of communication and offers prescriptions on the best approaches to communicate change.Social implicationsDespite the rise of multicultural workforces and a recognition of the role played by cultural values in influencing leadership practices across cultures, theories of change have neglected these elements. Effective change efforts not only help enable economic and social renewal, they also enable the well-being of employees. Additionally, many change initiatives in the modern era have social implications (e.g. enhancing sustainability, inclusion and diversity).Originality/valueA key contribution is a synthesis of different bodies of literature that have developed separately from each other. The authors offer some nuanced and counter-intuitive insights into what makes communication effective during change and identify culturally sensitive communication as an antecedent of change readiness.

The study of life and food systems for Native Hawaiians based on their environment

Health and well-being are a function of familial relationships between Native Hawaiians and their land. As a result of settler colonialism, Native Hawaiians face systemic and social barriers, which impede their relationship to land, with implications of adverse health outcomes. This qualitative study explores changes in health among Native Hawaiians, with a specific focus on food systems and the environment. Community-engaged research approaches were utilized to recruit 12 Hawaiian adults. The major themes include the following: (1) health as holistic and a harmonious balance, (2) nutrition transition and current connections to ‘āina (land extending from the mountain to the sea; that which feeds or nourishes), and (3) food sovereignty and community solutions to uplift the Lāhui (Nation of Hawai‘i). Consideration of cultural values, community strengths, and traditional lifestyle practices may address health inequities and changes in food systems related to health that stem from colonization, determinants of health, and environmental changes.

What stakeholders think: perceptions of perinatal depression and screening in China\u2019s primary care system

BackgroundMental health in China is a significant issue, and perinatal depression has been recognized as a concern, as it may affect pregnancy outcomes. There are growing calls to address China’s mental health system capacity issues, especially among vulnerable groups such as pregnant women due to gaps in healthcare services and inadequate access to resources and support. In response to these demands, a perinatal depression screening and management (PDSM) program was proposed. This exploratory case study identified strategies for successful implementation of the proposed PDSM intervention, informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) framework, in Ma’anshan city, Anhui province.MethodsThis qualitative study included four focus group discussions and two in-depth individual interviews with participants using a semi-structured interview guide. Topics examined included acceptance, utility, and readiness for a PDSM program. Participants included perinatal women and their families, policymakers, and healthcare providers. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed for emergent themes.ResultsThe analysis revealed several promising factors for the implementation of the PDSM program including: utilization of an internet-based platform, generation of perceived value among health leadership and decision-makers, and the simplification of the screening and intervention components. Acceptance of the pre-implementation plan was dependent on issues such as the timing and frequency of screening, ensuring high standards of quality of care, and consideration of cultural values in the intervention design. Potential challenges included perceived barriers to the implementation plan among stakeholders, a lack of trained human health resources, and poor integration between maternal and mental health services. In addition, participants expressed concern that perinatal women might not value the PDSM program due to stigma and limited understanding of maternal mental health issues.ConclusionOur analysis suggests several factors to support the successful implementation of a perinatal depression screening program, guidelines for successful uptake, and the potential use of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy. PDSM is a complex process; however, it can be successfully navigated with evidence-informed approaches to the issues presented to ensure that the PDSM is feasible, effective, successful, and sustainable, and that it also improves maternal health and wellbeing, and that of their families.

Telehealth treatment engagement with Latinx populations during the COVID-19 pandemic

Telehealth treatment engagement with Latinx populations during the COVID-19 pandemic

Cultural Differences as Excuses? Human Rights and Cultural Values in Global Ethics and Governance of AI

Cultural differences pose a serious challenge to the ethics and governance of artificial intelligence (AI) from a global perspective. Cultural differences may enable malignant actors to disregard the demand of important ethical values or even to justify the violation of them through deference to the local culture, either by affirming the local culture lacks specific ethical values, e.g., privacy, or by asserting the local culture upholds conflicting values, e.g., state intervention is good. One response to this challenge is the human rights approach to AI governance, which is intended to be a universal and globally enforceable framework. The proponents of the approach, however, have so far neglected the challenge from cultural differences or left out the implications of cultural diversity in their works. This is surprising because human rights theorists have long recognized the significance of cultural pluralism for human rights. Accordingly, the approach may not be straightforwardly applicable in “non-Western” contexts because of cultural differences, and it may also be critiqued as philosophically incomplete insofar as the approach does not account for the (non-) role of culture. This commentary examines the human rights approach to AI governance with an emphasis on cultural values and the role of culture. Particularly, I show that the consideration of cultural values is essential to the human rights approach for both philosophical and instrumental reasons.

The impact of cultural values on the acceptance of hotel technology adoption from the perspective of hotel employees

Technology has been gradually and widely applied to the hotel industry. Nevertheless, even though the impact of cultural values on technology adoption has been explored by previous studies, how individual-level cultural values affect hotel technology adoption was overlooked by prior studies. Hence, to bridge the aforementioned gap, the present study identifies the effects of cultural values on the acceptance of hotel technology adoption from the perspective of hotel employees. A questionnaire survey was adopted to collect data from employees currently working in the hotel industry in the U.S. To investigate the impacts of individual-level cultural values (i.e., collectivism, power distance, long-term orientation, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity) on the technology acceptance model (i.e., perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use), structural equation modeling was applied to test and validate the seven-factor construct. The main practical implication of the present study is the consideration of cultural values on the implementation of new hotel technologies to accelerate their successful adoption.

Interventions to prevent or treat childhood obesity in M\u0101ori & Pacific Islanders: a systematic review

BackgroundMāori and Pacific Islander people are a priority population originating from Australasia. Māori and Pacific Islander children exhibit greater risk of obesity and associated morbidities compared to children of other descent, secondary to unique cultural practices and socioeconomic disadvantage. Despite these known risk factors, there is limited synthesised evidence for preventing and treating childhood obesity in this unique population. The objective of this systematic review was to identify and evaluate global prevention or treatment interventions for overweight or obesity that targeted Māori and Pacific Islander children and adolescents (aged 2–17 years).MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. The databases PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL were searched from inception to August 2018. Study quality and risk of bias was assessed using a modified Downs and Black Quality Checklist for Health Care Intervention Studies. Studies were included if RCT/intervention/case control/ or prevention study designs. The study group was defined under the search term ‘Oceanic Ancestry Group’.ResultsOf the initial 94 articles identified, six were included describing two prevention and three treatment interventions. Interventions were heterogenous in setting, design, length and outcomes. Four interventions were implemented in New Zealand. Most studies were of ‘fair’ quality. One study recruited an exclusive population of Māori and Pacific Islander participants. In the five studies that recruited mixed populations, one performed sub-group analysis on Māori and Pacific Islander participants. No study reported an improvement in anthropometric outcomes post-intervention in complete or sub-group analysis. Improvements in cardiometabolic or psychological secondary outcomes were inconsistent across all studies.ConclusionsThere is a lack of evidence to recommend specific intervention characteristics to optimise obesity prevention or treatment outcomes for Māori and Pacific Islander children. Future research requires greater consideration of cultural values and beliefs, community engagement, exclusive targeting of Māori and Pacific Islander children and families, and sub-group analyses for mixed-population studies. Incorporating co-design principles during study design and implementation can maximise the cultural specificity of interventions and may contribute to improved health and weight-related outcomes for this at-risk, priority population.Trial registrationPROSPERO CRD42019121790 (26 March 2019).

Cultural traits and productive transformation: Colombia in international perspective

Drawing from the consideration of cultural values as an explanatory factor of economic development, this article correlates the cultural traits reported by Hofstede’s Cultural Dimension model with the results in terms of industrialization for Colombia and selected cultural clusters. By contrasting industrialization-oriented policy choices with the evolution of export composition and industrial competitiveness indicators, we conclude that guided by a short-term, materialistic, nepotistic, and intolerant to uncertainty orientation, Colombian economic authorities and elites have helped in the prolongation of an underdeveloped industrial structure by favoring closed groups through extractive institutions, while Asia, instead of adopting ‘western values’, has drawn upon a long-term orientation to implement risky but sound, coordinated, and convergent social and economic policies in order to industrialize.

The Impact of Culture on Chinese Judges’ Decision-Making in Contractual Damages Cases

AbstractThis research examines the impact of Chinese cultural values on the application of law on contractual damages. Following an experimental design, 43 in-depth interviews were conducted with Chinese judges in 13 cities and provinces across China. The data reveal two patterns. First, the judges took the cultural values into account when determining the amount of damages. Second, the consideration of cultural value factors reduced the judges’ consideration of legal factors. The local cultural values did not change the Chinese judges’ understanding of law. Instead, the judges compromised the legal requirements and cultural desires by using the discretion offered to them or by recommending mediation. The consideration of cultural values is not only the result of judges’ personal preferences, but also of judges seeking social approval. The motivation of Chinese judges to obtain social approval may be enhanced by the assessment criteria and the institutional constraints of Chinese courts.

English

This paper is premised on the thesis that there is importance and necessity of involving high school students in school governance in Lesotho as well as consideration of cultural values’ impact on this issue. The possibilities and limits of involving the high school students in school governance in Lesotho are examined.  There are two opposing positions: some feel that such an exercise is right while others regard it to be wrong and should not be tried. The paper reaffirms that cultural values are highly regarded in Lesotho.  But notably that students should participate in decision making in their schools is a rational idea because it means moulding future leaders who will become better citizens with decision making capacity that will benefit their communities in Lesotho. This study is indeed, necessary because this is a time when the very meaning of democracy and citizenship is contested (Arnot and Dillabough 2000).  Furthermore, this is in line with Lesotho Vision 2020 goal that emphasizes wide influence of Lesotho to have strong leadership and democracy in the context of Africa and world at large.    Key words: Democratic involvement of students in high school governance.

Work-to-family enrichment and voice behavior in China: The role of modernity

There is a lack of knowledge in the literature regarding the effects of the work-family interface on employees’ behaviors while taking into consideration of cultural values in developing countries. This study investigates the impact of work-to-family enrichment on employees’ voice behavior by focusing on the moderating role of modernity in a Chinese setting. Results from a survey of 230 Chinese married managers indicate that work-to-family enrichment positively influences voice behavior. In addition, the enrichment-voice relationship is weaker when modernity is high rather than low. The findings are discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical implications for human resource management.

Cultural Values and Secondary Prevention of Breast Cancer in African American Women

Improving mammography initiation and maintenance among African American women has been suggested as a strategy for reducing breast cancer mortality in this population. We examined cultural values in relation to self-reported breast cancer screening among 572 low-income, urban, African American women. Cultural values examined included time orientation, family authority, employment aspirations, value of past vs modern life, and reliance on medical professionals. Also, implications for continued development of culturally tailored health interventions and opportunities for the consideration of cultural values in health communication are discussed. Bivariate analyses showed that more traditional values were associated with worse screening histories and lower intentions for future screening. In multivariate analyses, two interactions were observed between cultural values and age: for younger women, more traditional values were associated with lower odds of having ever received a mammogram, and for older women, more traditional values were associated with lower odds of intentions to receive a mammogram in the next 2 years. This study adds to the evidence that cultural constructs, such as values, are associated with secondary prevention of breast cancer and supports the consideration of cultural constructs as important in increasing mammography and reducing breast cancer disparities for African American women.

Family support for native Hawaiian women with breast cancer

A cancer diagnosis affects not only the individual but the entire family. Despite the growing body of literature on family support as a resource in cancer care, there is very little research on how cancer affects families in non-Western cultures. A minority population that experiences a disproportionate burden from cancer is Native Hawaiian women. In this study, 8 Native Hawaiian women with breast cancer and 17 family members of other Native Hawaiian women with breast cancer participated in focus groups examining family support. Specifically, types of support provided by the family (eg, informational, emotional, and tangible), changing dynamics of family roles, and recommendations for health care providers, with attention paid to the influence of culture on family support, were topics that were examined. Similarly to other populations, Native Hawaiians viewed the family as the most important source of emotional and tangible support for women with cancer, and identified a need for increased informational support for both patients and families in the face of cancer. However, their reference to specific cultural values and practices within the 'ohana (family) [eg, haku (family liaison) and ho'omana (spirituality)] reflects a uniqueness that has implications for clinical work with this population. Consideration of cultural values and practices may enhance health care services for this population.

Cultural Gap and Public Involvement: The Case of Lan-Yu Radwaste Storage Site, Taiwan

Undoubtedly, culture is a vehicle that helps people adapt to their environment From the standpoint of cultural ecology, the unique culture embodied by the Yami people in Lan-Yu is actually composed of a set of adaptive strategies developed specifically for the sake of present-day survival. Even though Lan-Yu is an island known as “the last paradise for cultural preservation,” acculturation has driven the Yami to confront selective elimination, particularly following the promotion of tourism by the Taiwanese government. Outside cultural influences as well as technology have gradually changed Lan-Yu's social structure in terms of people, space, and activities. On the one hand, technological advancement has brought a variety of positive improvements to the island, yet, on the other hand, it has also introduced some negative influences. The Lan-Yu Radwaste Storage Site (LYRSS) has become a much debated issue due to the conflict between traditional culture and modern civilization. Since the LYRSS was established through an inflexible and top-down decision-making process without following any consideration of cultural values or rituals, it has brought about social entropy in Lan-Yu. In other words, because of LYRSS, the Yami public seems to have developed cultural resistance rather than public acceptance. The article is an attempt to explicate the social entropy within the cultural context by looking into the anti-LYRSS movement. In particular, four issues are addressed: public involvement as it relates to limiting factors and promoting factors associated with the Yami culture; the cultural gap between the “etic” and “emic” perspectives; the underlying determinants of the Anti-LYRSS movement; and aspects of public involvement in Lan-Yu.