Conservation Of Ecological Environment Research Articles

A Study on the Design of Music Curriculum-Based Ecological Environment Convergence Education Program for Elementary School Learners

This study is to devise a convergence education program with the ecological environment based on the music of elementary school learners. Various agendas surrounding the environment, such as carbon neutrality, climate crisis, and ecological environment conservation, are also being discussed with enthusiasm in the education world. From this point of view, this study is expected to be an education that can be practiced in their lives in the future by properly establishing elementary school learners' values for nature and the environment as well as music subject content in the music education field. To this end, this study developed a new music education program that can further implement environmental education based on two previous studies on music-based convergence education through literature research methods. Through this, conclusions corresponding to four implications were drawn, and it can be said that the review that environmental education can be practiced in a fusion manner within music education has been conducted to some extent.

Quantitative Changes in the Surface Frozen Days and Potential Driving Factors in Northern Northeastern China

Surface freezing and thawing processes pose significant influences on surface water and energy balances, which, in turn, affect vegetation growth, soil moisture, carbon cycling, and terrestrial ecosystems. At present, the changes in surface freezing and thawing states are hotspots of ecological research, but the variations of surface frozen days (SFDs) are less studied, especially in the permafrost areas covered with boreal forest, and the influence of the environmental factors on the SFDs is not clear. Utilizing the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSRE) and Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) brightness temperature data, this study applies the Freeze–Thaw Discriminant Function Algorithm (DFA) to explore the spatiotemporal variability features of SFDs in the Northeast China Permafrost Zone (NCPZ) and the relationship between the permafrost distribution and the spatial variability characteristics of SFDs; additionally, the Optimal Parameters-based Geographical Detector is employed to determine the factors that affect SFDs. The results showed that the SFDs in the NCPZ decreased with a rate of −0.43 d/a from 2002 to 2021 and significantly decreased on the eastern and western slopes of the Greater Khingan Mountains. Meanwhile, the degree of spatial fluctuation of SFDs increased gradually with a decreasing continuity of permafrost. Snow cover and air temperature were the two most important factors influencing SFD variability in the NCPZ, accounting for 83.9% and 74.8% of the spatial variation, respectively, and SFDs increased gradually with increasing snow cover and decreasing air temperature. The strongest explanatory power of SFD spatial variability was found to be the combination of air temperature and precipitation, which had a coefficient of 94.2%. Moreover, the combination of any two environmental factors increased this power. The findings of this study can be used to design ecological environmental conservation and engineer construction policies in high-latitude permafrost zones with forest cover.

Coordinated development of shale gas benefit exploitation and ecological environmental conservation in China: a mini review

The large-scale development and utilization of shale gas is significant for achieving the “Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality” goals. However, addressing the ecological environmental challenges stemming from extensive hydraulic fracturing is imperative. Drawing from the successful exploration and development of shale gas in the Sichuan Basin, this paper employs a bibliometric approach and utilizes the Web of Science database as its data source to review the impact of shale gas development on the ecological environment. Furthermore, effective strategies for achieving coordinated development of shale gas benefit exploitation and ecological environmental conservation in China are identified. The findings highlight that the ecological impact of shale gas development has been a major focus of research over the past decade, primarily involving concerns such as water resources consumption, groundwater pollution, methane emissions, and waste management. These challenges can be addressed by adopting measures such as responsible water usage, maintaining well integrity, proper storage and disposal of fracturing flowback fluids, and appropriate management of drilling solid waste. The key to achieving green and efficient shale gas development in China lies in constructing a solid theoretical framework for benefit exploitation, refining environmental management standards and regulations, and promoting the development of clean production technologies specific to shale gas. Additionally, establishing a distinct exploration and development theory and fostering technical innovation for deep shale gas (buried depth > 3500m) are pivotal for enhancing and stabilizing production in China. Clarifying the theoretical logic of benefit development and improving the environmental protection law of shale gas development are of great significance for realizing the scale benefit development of shale gas and the harmonious development of ecological environment in China.

Classification and Zoning of Improved Materials of Weathered Redbed Soil in China Based on the Integrity of Mud Skin

Natural redbeds are widely distributed throughout China. Ecological restoration entails implementing measures according to the local conditions and obtaining local materials, ensuring ecological environment conservation and restoration in a scientific manner. The mud skin of weathered redbed soil is often used to control soil desertification and repair slope, and its integrity is important to measure the repairing effect. However, most of the materials used for the improvement of weathered redbed soil contain harmful chemicals, bear high costs, and aggravate environmental pollution. At present, the knowledge about different kinds of improvement materials for Chinese different zones is unclear. To solve this problem, we considered naturally weathered redbed soil as the raw material, selected 77 kinds of improved materials, and tested the integrity of the natural redbed weathered soil after adding the improved material; then, we compared it with the natural redbed weathered soil with no added materials. Then, we put forth a classification standard for the materials, discussed the driving environmental factors, formulated the suitable zoning of the materials, and defined the improvement effects of different materials on the weathered redbed soil in different regions of China. The results suggested that, for weathered redbed soil, nano water-based adhesives were most suitable for the south-western, north-western, south-eastern, north-eastern, and northern regions of China and can be widely used in other regions as well. Starch was the least suitable material for the north-western, north-eastern, and northern regions of China. The most unsuitable material for South-West China was larch tannin extract; wormwood straw was the most unsuitable for South-East China. The modified material that was not suitable for use in most zones was starch. Thus, our study provides a concrete scientific basis regarding the effectiveness of different materials in addressing natural hazards caused by weathered redbed soil in China.

생태환경 콘텐츠 제작 활동 및 퍼포먼스를 연계한 IT 캠프 운영 사례

This study aims to help students carry out their creative projects by producing media through design-based coding camp while awakening the importance of the ecological environment. The subject of this study is two IT camp programs that produce ecological environment contents and link performances for elementary, middle and high school students. The first case is a camp where about 50 elementary and middle school students near Suncheon City come up with ideas related to the ecological environment for 6 weeks from August 2021. The second case is a program in which five high school students from a public alternative school compose an ecological environment story and produce props for three weeks from September 2021 and then perform a reading performance. As part of the case study, the results of analyzing the students’ outputs, student activity videos, and instructor interviews are as follows. First, elementary and middle school students developed the ability to carry out creative projects through convergence activities such as producing and performing scratch animations and Arduino LEDs after creating a story about ecological environment conservation. Second, high school students generally showed the importance of collaboration and design-based project execution capabilities through ecological environment content production activities and performance experiences. In addition, the characteristics of IT-based convergence camps and implications for the quality improvement of camp programs were presented.

Rural Spatial Differentiation and Revitalization Approaches in China: A Case Study of Qingdao City

Rural revitalization, as a major strategy with the goal of realizing the overall development of strong agriculture industries, beautiful rural areas, and rich farmers, is an effective way of alleviating the loss of talent, land, capital, and other elements in rural areas and a possible cure for "rural diseases". However, "rural diseases" faced by villages are very different, and thus exploring suitable strategies for rural revitalization is beneficial to the implementation of rural revitalization strategies and the promotion of urban-rural integration. Based on location theory, this paper constructs a point-axis-domain three-dimensional spatial location theory model that integrates market location, traffic location, and natural location and combines the coupling coordination model to comprehensively study the vitality and development directions of Qingdao's rural areas. Results found that Qingdao's high-level and medium-high-level coupling coordination areas are the main types of coupling coordination, accounting for 45.19% and 47.48%, respectively. Based on the development status of Qingdao, this study explores development directions for rural revitalization poles as well as high-level, medium-high-level, and medium-level coupling coordination areas and suggests the following: rural revitalization poles should play a demonstration role in rural revitalization in terms of industrial development, rural civilization, social governance, public service construction, etc.; high-level coupling coordination areas should focus on building modern hi-tech agriculture and rural marine tourism industries; medium-high-level coupling coordination areas should strengthen the building of satellite towns and promote industrial transformation and upgrading; medium-level coupling coordination areas should actively develop ecological environment conservation models and establish a characteristic mountainous eco-tourism industry. Thus, the findings provide important scientific reference for the implementation of rural revitalization.

The trade-offs and synergies of the ecological-production-living functions of grassland in the Qilian mountains by ecological priority

Grassland degradation has caused increasingly prominent conflict between ecological environment conservation and socioeconomic development in the Qilian Mountains, China. How to effectively trade-offs and synergies to ecological and socioeconomic is essential to achieving the sustainable development of the grassland ecosystem. However, few studies have addressed the trade-offs and synergies of grassland ecosystem services in terms of coupling the natural ecosystem and the socioeconomic system. Therefore, we constructed an index of the analyzed trade-offs and synergies of grassland ecosystem services from the perspective of “ecological-production-living” functions (EPLFs) and analyzed the spatial-temporal characteristics of grassland EPLF trade-off and synergy relationships based on the data from the implementation of three conservation policies in the Qilian Mountains from 2003 to 2020. The results showed evident spatial and temporal differentiation of the grassland EPLFs. The ecological function was consistent with the production function, trending upward initially and then decreasing. The living function showed a trend of continuous increase. The spatial pattern of grassland EPLFs showed that the northwest and southeast were more active than the middle of the Qilian Mountains, and the regional gradient difference was apparent. The trade-off and synergy relationships of grassland EPLFs have obvious spatial correlations as well; spatial differences were evident under different conservation policies. With national park construction, the synergistic relationship gradually weakened and the trade-off relationship gradually strengthened. These results suggest that the policy of ecological priority increased trade-offs and reduced synergies among EPLFs was not conducive to coupling and coordinating grassland EPLFs for development in the Qilian Mountains. Our study also demonstrates that maintaining moderate grassland grazing pressure and the appropriate number of herdsmen is crucial to sustainably develop the grassland ecosystem in the Qilian Mountains, and further research into coupling mechanisms for grassland EPLFs is needed to reduce trade-offs and increase synergies with grassland ecosystem services.

Characteristics of Plant Community and Its Relationship with Groundwater Depth of the Desert Riparian Zone in the Lower Reaches of the Ugan River, Northwest China

The vegetation in the desert riparian zone represents a critical barrier in the maintenance of the ecosystem’s balance. However, in recent years, the vegetation degradation of the riparian zone has seriously hindered economic development and ecological environment conservation. Based on a field investigation and literature, the mechanisms of vegetation degradation in the lower reaches of the Ugan River are discussed in this study through the analysis of plant coverage, diversity, substitution rate, distribution pattern, grey correlation analysis, and the relationship with groundwater depth. The results showed that the vegetation coverage in this region is relatively low when the water depth exceeds 4 m. Furthermore, the Shannon–Wiener index, the Simpson index, and the Pielou index all decreased with increases in water depth. Woody plants are the main species maintaining the ecological balance of the region with an aggregation distribution pattern. The degradation of vegetation is the result of the lack of water sources and the intense water consumption caused by human activities (especially agricultural). To promote ecological balance and vegetation restoration, the relative optimal water depth range should be maintained within 2 to 5 m as well as proper control of human activities. In addition, the degraded vegetation can gradually be restored using point and surface (i.e., flowering in the center and spreading to the surrounding areas). The results can provide a scientific basis for vegetation restoration and ecological conservation in the lower reaches of China’s Ugan River.

Spatial-temporal pattern evolution and mechanism model of tourism ecological security in China

To address the conflict between ecological environmental conservation and fast tourism growth, as well as to preserve the structure and function of the tourist destination ecosystem. This study evaluated the characteristics of the spatial and temporal pattern evolution and dynamic change, as well as the influencing factors and driving mechanisms of tourism ecological security. The “Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR)” framework was used to construct a dynamic multi-scenario simulation model based on China's provincial regions. The dynamic changes in tourism ecological security and its driving mechanism in the study area from 1998 to 2018 are analyzed using spatial autocorrelation and geographic detectors. The results show that: (1) From the perspective of temporal evolution, the level of tourism ecological security in China's provinces has risen from 1998 to 2018, with Guangdong province ranking first. (2) In terms of spatial distribution, the spatial correlation of tourism ecological security in each province is weakening, the cold and hot spots areas changing from an east–west trend to a north–south trend. (3) All provinces show a balanced trend in the five dimensions of DPSIR, indicating that the tourism ecological security system pays more attention to the coordinated development of all aspects. (4) From the standpoint of the driving mechanism, economic factors are no longer the biggest driving force of tourism ecological security. Service quality, science and technology, environmental governance and protection, and system response-ability are all significant approaches and techniques to develop and improve tourism ecological security. This study identifies the core influencing factors in the tourism ecological security system’s evaluation index system and constructs the driving mechanism, which greatly promotes the policy implementation of tourism ecological security.

陕西省植被覆盖时空变化及其对极端气候的响应

基于2001-2018年MODIS NDVI数据，从生态分区视角分析陕西省归一化植被指数（NDVI）的时空变化特征，并结合该地区31个气象站点日值数据，探讨NDVI对极端气温和极端降水指数的响应特征。结果表明：（1）陕西省及其各生态区的NDVI变化均显著上升，整体呈南高北低的分布特点，其中秦巴山地落叶与阔叶林生态区（IV）NDVI值最高为0.86，陕北北部典型草原生态区（I）NDVI值最低为0.38。（2）年际尺度上，陕西省NDVI与极端气温暖极值（暖夜日数）和极端降水指数总体呈显著正相关（P<0.05），在陕西省北部NDVI变化主要受极端降水的影响，南部则对极端气温的敏感度更高。（3）多年月尺度上，各生态区NDVI对极端气温冷极值（最低气温、日最低气温的极低值和日最高气温的极低值）和极端气温暖极值（最高气温、日最低气温的极高值和日最高气温的极高值）存在明显的滞后性，滞后时间多为3个月；与极端降水指数（单日最大降水量和连续5日最大降水量）的滞后时间为2个月，说明陕西省内NDVI对极端气候的响应具有显著的滞后效应。;Vegetation plays an important role in the terrestrial ecosystem. Under the background of global warming, the response of vegetation cover to climate change has become an important research field. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is commonly used to study the response of vegetation change to temperature and precipitation on a regional scale. In recent years, the frequent occurrence of extreme climate events has increased the risk and vulnerability of terrestrial ecosystems and endangered ecological security. Shaanxi province is located in the hinterland of China, with a large north-south span and obvious regional differences in hydrothermal conditions and surface ecological environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the dynamic change of NDVI and its response to extreme climate, which can provide theoretical evidence of ecosystem evolution and ecological environment conservation in Shaanxi Province. Based on MODIS NDVI data from 2001 to 2018, the spatio-temporal variation pattern of NDVI was analyzed from the perspective of different ecological areas in Shaanxi Province. The response characteristics of NDVI to extreme temperature and precipitation indices were also discussed by using the daily meteorological observations from 31 stations in this region. The results showed that (1) the variation of NDVI increased significantly and the spatial difference of NDVI value was obvious in Shaanxi Province and its ecological areas. The high value of NDVI distributed in the south, whereas the low value of NDVI distributed in the north. The decreasing order of the value of NDVI of the different ecological areas was as follows:ecological region of deciduous and broad-leaved forest in Qinba Mountain (IV) > agricultural ecological area of Fenwei Basin (III) > agricultural and grassland ecological region of the Loess Plateau (II) > typical grassland ecological area in northern Shaanxi (I). Meanwhile, the lowest value of NDVI was 0.38 and the highest value was 0.86. (2) The correlation between NDVI and extreme climate indices showed that annual NDVI in each ecological area was significantly positively correlated with TN90p and extreme precipitation indices. However, extreme precipitation had an important impact on vegetation growth in the north of Shaanxi Province, and extreme temperature was the main factor in the south. (3) On the monthly scale, the NDVI had a significant lag time of 3 months with extreme temperature indices, including TMIN_mean, TN_n, TX_n, TMAX_mean, TN_x, and TX_x, while had a lag time of 2 months with extreme precipitation indexes in each ecological area. In general, the results effectively revealed the response of vegetation to climate fluctuations in Shaanxi Province.

Feeding of a Scleractinian Coral, Goniopora columna, on Microalgae, Yeast, and Artificial Feed in Captivity.

Simple SummaryCoral aquaculture is an innovative and sustainable aquaculture industry. Coral husbandry can address ecological environment conservation needs and industrial demand for corals. Many previous studies have confirmed that corals also belong to heterotrophic organisms. Heterotrophic feeding is essential for overcoming nutrient deficiency. The preliminary results of this study indicate that Goniopora columna have high levels of proteases, and artificial feeds containing high protein can be used for feeding during aquaculture, which can increase the growth rate. In conclusion, we have initially explored that Goniopora columna will have better growth by feeding artificial PUFA rich in animal protein. In addition, the best feeding time is 6:00–12:00 in the morning, when there is better digestion and absorption. It is hoped that this research will be helpful to the development of coral aquaculture in the future.Nutritional requirements are critical in the process of coral aquaculture. In addition to energy from symbiotic algae, corals obtain sufficient nutrition through heterotrophic feeding. Microalgae and yeast are commonly used as nutritional supplements for many aquaculture organisms. In addition, if artificial feed can match or improve upon the nutritional supplementation provided by microalgae and yeast in the case of G. columna, then feeding this coral would be markedly easier. Hence, this article preliminarily discusses feeds suitable for G. columna. In this study, artificial PUFA rich in animal protein (R), Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Isochrysis galbana tml, and Nannochloropsis oculate were fed to G. columna at quantities of 5% and 10% of body weight. Growth, survival, body composition, and digestive enzymes were assessed. Regarding body composition, the coral’s protein content is higher than that of carbohydrate or fat; thus, evaluating the heterotrophic nutrition of G. columna by using protein absorption is appropriate. The protease content is also high in digestive enzymes. Protein content, protease activity, and specific growth rate were significantly higher in the R group than in other groups. The number of polyps in the groups fed R at 5% and 10% of body weight increased by 40.00 ± 2.43 and 47.33 ± 0.89 number, respectively, significantly greater increases than those achieved in the other groups (p < 0.05). Changes in body composition and digestive enzymes over a 24-h period were compared to determine the optimal feeding time. Protein content and protease activity increased markedly between 6:00 and 12:00. The experimental results suggest that R can improve the activity of G. columna digestive enzymes and their protein and lipid content in body tissue, shorten the cultivation time, and enhance the profitability of coral aquaculture.

Case Study of Suncheon Bay Wetland Conservation: Focusing on Value Recognition and Empathy for the Ecological Environment

이 연구의 목적은 순천만 습지를 보전하고자 노력하는 과정에서 관여한 환경운동단체, 시민들 및 순천시가 서로의 갈등 속에서 생태환경에 대한 가치를 인식하고 공감하면서 자연환경을 보전하게 된 본질적인 측면을 이해하는데 있다. 이 연구는 환경운동단체가 순천만 보전의 중요성에 대한 인식을 한 후에 관련 주민들과 순천시 공무원들이 상충하고 갈등을 빚는 과정에서 입장의 차이를 극복하고 협력하게 되는 일련의 양상을 중점적으로 조망하였다. 연구자는 사례 연구 방법을 도입하여 순천만 보전 정책과 관련되는 각종 문서와 면담 자료, 동영상 자료 등을 수집하여 내용을 분석하였으며 순천만 보전과 관련되는 주요 사건과 전환점 등을 시간흐름표에 투사한 후에 해석하였다. 그 결과 순천만의 생태보전의 가치를 깨닫고 파악하고 인식의 지평을 넓혀서 공감대를 형성하는 과정에서 국내외 환경단체(흑두루미 등 조류 보호 단체)의 역할이 컸음이 드러났다. 그리고 중앙부처에서도 순천만에 관심을 가지는 등 연대 네트워크를 통한 구심점을 형성하였으며 그런 운동의 확산으로 순천시는 후속 정책(전봇대 철거 등)을 수립하고 주민들과 설득하는 험난한 과정을 겪으면서 실행으로 옮길 수 있었다. 이 과정에서 시민단체, 주민, 생태환경 전문가들과 순천시 공무원들은 소통을 통해 공감하고자 하는 다양한 전략을 구사함으로써 순천만 생태환경 보전에 대한 가치를 인식하고 확산하면서 서로 성장하는 사람들의 군상을 보여주었다. 이 사례는 지자체에서 습지 보전 등 환경 운동을 하는 경우에 ‘갈등 속의 공감대 형성과 타협’에 관여되는 통합적인 측면을 성찰하도록 도와준다.The purpose of this study is to understand the essential aspects of conserving the natural environment while understanding the process of recognizing and sympathizing with the value of the ecological environment by stakeholders who were involved in the effort to conserve the Suncheon Bay wetlands. This study focused on a series of aspects in which, after environmental activists recognized the importance of preserving Suncheon Bay, residents in the region and Suncheon city officials had conflict and overcame differences in positions. The researcher adopted the case study method to collect and analyze various documents, interview data, and video data related to the Suncheon Bay conservation policy. The main events and turning points are projected following timeline and then, interpreted. As a result, it was revealed that domestic and international environmental organizations played a major role in the process of realizing and understanding the value of ecological conservation in Suncheon Bay, broadening the horizon of awareness and forming a consensus. Also, Korean government took interest in Suncheon Bay and formed a focal point through a solidarity network. With the spread of such a movement, Suncheon city was able to implement follow-up policies (such as removing electric poles) and go through a difficult process of persuading residents. In this process, civic groups, residents, eco-environment experts, and Suncheon city officials showed aspects as an impressive stakeholder who grew up with each other while recognizing and spreading the value of Suncheon Bay s ecological environment conservation by using various strategies to sympathize through communication.

Application of Container Building in Community Ecological Environment Renewal——Taking Gejiaying Community in Wuhan as an Example

Community micro renewal should conform to the urban texture and respect the conservation of ecological environment. As an important military industrial area in history, Gejiaying community, located in the ancient city of Wuchang and close to the riverside area, is not only rich in human resources and has a long history and culture, but also its spiritual temperament is in line with the rich industrial heritage groups nearby. Therefore, while reshaping its own historical and cultural characteristics, Gejiaying community should also focus on the continuity and transmission of the city’s history and culture. The terminal product, assembling flexible and environment-friendly containers, should be put into the community micro renewal. The machine aesthetics of container building is skillfully used to continue and repair its cultural context in the renewal of the ecological environment of the community, so as to create the ecological and aesthetic symbol belonging to Gejiaying.

Coupling and coordinated development of new urbanization and agro-ecological environment in China

Agricultural ecological environment conservation is a major strategic mission for the sustainable development of China's agriculture and rural areas at present. Therefore, it is of great significance to examine the coupling and coordination relationship between new urbanization and the agro-ecological environment, and, accordingly, to establish China's sustainable agro-economic development model. However, this topic has not been adequately addressed in previous studies. To fill this gap, this study detailed an empirical investigation into the spatio-temporal differentiation of and influencing factors on the coupling and coordinated development of new urbanization and the agricultural ecological environment in China. First, aided by spatial analysis methods, a detailed analysis of the spatio-temporal patterns and dynamics of the coupling and coordinated development of new urbanization and the agro-ecological environment was conducted. The driving factors were quantitatively examined using the random panel Tobit model and the panel data modeling technique. The results indicate that the coupling degree between China's new urbanization and the agro-ecological environment ranges from 0.30 to 0.50, which is in the antagonistic stage. The degree of coupling and coordination is between 0.39 and 0.59, basically on the verge of imbalance and reluctant coordination. Most provinces lag behind in new urbanization. Panel data analysis demonstrates financial support for agriculture, rural economic development, environmental pollution control capabilities, and government capabilities significantly impacting the degree of coupling and coordination between China's new urbanization and the agro-ecological environment. Among them, financial support for agriculture and industrialization has different effects on the degree of coupling and coordination between the eastern and midwestern regions. Based on the findings of this study, a series of policy suggestions for improving China's new urbanization and agro-ecological environment is proposed.

Drive Mechanisms of Soil Quality Changes in Peri-Urban Areas

The driving mechanism of soil quality (SQ) has important implications for arable land protection, sustainable agricultural development and ecological environment conservation. This study builds a “perception–response” theoretical framework to investigate how farmers’ land use behavior may affect SQ from the temporal and spatial perspectives. Based on soil sampling data, farmer survey data and socioeconomic statistical data collected in a typical peri-urban area of northeast China, geo-statistical analysis and econometric models have been applied to examine the effect of farmers’ land use behavior (FLUB) on SQ. The results show that during 1980–2010, the target of FLUB has been shifted from “grain output maximization” to “grain output and profit maximization” and then to “profit maximization”. The FLUB, including land use pattern, land use degree and land input intensity, also show obvious differences in space. These differences result in distinct impacts on the variation of SQ in time and space. Generally, the soil organic matter (OM) tends to decline, the available nitrogen (AVN) and available phosphorus (ANP) tend to rise, while the available potassium (AVK) increases after an initial decline. Moreover, the further distance from the city center, the greater the spatial variation of SQ in space. These findings are not only helpful from a theoretical and practical significance for policy-makers to improve SQ in the outskirts of metropolitan areas, but also make an important contribution to the sustainable development of peri-urban agriculture (PUA).

Soil wind erosion evaluation and sustainable management of typical steppe in Inner Mongolia, China

Soil wind erosion is an important ecological environmental problem that is widespread in arid and semi-arid regions. Currently, related studies are mainly focused on spatiotemporal characteristics or analysis of effector mechanisms, and they do not facilitate direct servicing of management decisions. In this paper, we used the Xilingol typical steppe in Inner Mongolia, China, as a study site to develop a decision framework for a comprehensive understanding of soil wind erosion and to promote sustainable management of steppes. In this study, we used the Revised Wind Erosion Equation model to simulate soil wind erosion. We combined this model with linear trend analysis to evaluate the ecological effects of soil wind erosion and wind erosion intensity, and delineated the gravity center migration path. We used the constraint line method to reveal the mechanisms by which climatic factors affected soil wind erosion, achieved the spatial visualization of wind-breaking and sand-fixing service flow, and proposed decision-based regional sustainable development suggestions. The results showed that long-term soil wind erosion will lead to soil coarsening and loss of soil nutrients. Soil wind erosion in the study site showed worsening trends and risks, and as such, ecological environment conservation and management are urgently required. The study framework promotes a clear understanding of the complex relationship of human–earth systems. The study results will aid in the ecological remediation of steppe landscapes and the prevention of desertification and will provide a foundation for win–win management of ecological conservation and economic development in arid and semi-arid regions.

The relationship between sponge and water environment management in sponge city construction

Water resources are indispensable and substitute important ecological environmental resources in the process of sustainable development of human economy and society. At present, the shortage of water resources has gradually become an important bottleneck restricting the rapid and healthy development of our society and economy. Therefore, it remains of great practical significance to effectively protect and standardize the scientific management of China’s water resources. However, in contemporary theories of ecological environmental resources protection, due to the serious waste of water resources at present, the content needed for the effective protection of ecological environment water resources is also relatively large. In this study, the strategic concept of ecological environment management in sponge city is introduced for the effectual protection of ecological environment water resources and ecological environment management. This concept is one of the most significant ecological protection theories since the concept of water resources protection and ecological environment conservation management was formally born, and it can also be said to be the theme and basis of this research paper. I just hope the discussion of this paper can bring some help to readers.

China’s Approach to Environmental Governance and the Role of the EU in Market-Induced Reforms

The Chinese central authorities have officially started to promote a “national ecological accounting and auditing scheme” (NEAS) to fight against domestic environmental degradation since 2013. Nevertheless, as a global issue, the conservation of ecological environment inevitably involves cooperation among nations in the context of global environmental governance. Through a comparative case study on the NEAS and the sustainability-related trade imperatives, this article investigates how the policy-based and the market-based mechanisms are perceived by some key institutions in the Chinese society, and to what extent they are expected to offer adequate solutions to China’s environmental challenges. Further, this study offers an analysis of the strategic partnership formed between China and the European Union in tackling environmental challenges, and thus seeks to contribute to a better understanding of how to shape sustainability through a collaborative way for “our common future” in a global agenda.

Pengembangan Potensi Pantai Lovina Sebagai Ekowisata Pesisir Di Desa Kalibukbuk, Kabupaten Buleleng, Bali

The gap in tourism development in the province of Bali is still very large that is between the northern part of Bali and southern Bali. the right tourism development on the coast of North Bali is ecotourism, an area that has the potential to be developed inti an ecotourism attraction is Lovina Beach. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential of resources and to know the development of resources that support coastal ecotourism in Lovina Beach. &#x0D; The research method used is comparative descriptive method. Where in this method will be compared between ecotourism principles such as principles of nature and culture conservation, principles of community participation, economic principles, education principles, and tourism principleswith existing tourism resourcesat Lovina Beachto obtain ecotourism development plan in Lovina Beach. &#x0D; The main result of this research is there are four tourism resources that can be developed into ecotourismat Lovina Beach, including attraction of dolphin, marine park ecosystem, “genjek” performance and Lovina Festival. Ecotourism product development refers to several ecotourism criteria, including the principles of nature and culture conservation, principles of community participation, economic principles, education principles, and tourism principles. &#x0D; As for suggestion that can be given to the local community is to contribute more actively in preserving marine ecosystems, for government and investors involved are expected to give more attention to conservation of ecological environment and marine park in Lovina Beach as an ecotourism product. &#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords : Development, Coastal Ecotourism, Resources, Lovina Beach

Evaluation of ecological instream flow considering hydrological alterations in the Yellow River basin, China

Abstract The Yellow River is the second largest river in China and is the important source for water supply in the northwestern and northern China. It is often regarded as the mother river of China. Owing to climatic change and intensifying human activities, such as increasing withdrawal of water for meeting growing agricultural irrigation needs since 1986, the flow of Yellow River has decreased, with serious impacts on the ecological environment. Using multiple hydrological indicators and Flow Duration Curve (DFC)-based ecodeficit and ecosurplus, this study investigates the impact of hydrological alterations, such as the impact of water reservoirs or dams, on downstream ecological instream flow. Results indicate that: (1) due to the impoundment and hydrological regulations of water reservoirs, occurrence rates and magnitudes of high flow regimes have decreased and the decrease is also found in the magnitudes of low flow events. These changes tend to be more evident from the upper to the lower Yellow River basin; (2) human activities tend to enhance the instream flow variability, particularly after the 1980s;(3) the ecological environment in different parts of the Yellow River basin is under different degrees of ecological risk. In general, lower to higher ecological risk can be detected due to hydrological alterations from the upper to the lower Yellow River basin. This shows that conservation of ecological environment and river health is facing a serious challenge in the lower Yellow River basin; (4) ecological instream flow indices, such as ecodeficit and ecosurplus, and IHA32 hydrological indicators are in strong relationships, suggesting that ecodeficit and ecosurplus can be regarded as appropriate ecological indicators for developing measures for mitigating the adverse impact of human activities on the conservation of ecological environment in the Yellow River basin.