Participation In Congresses Research Articles

Human MICL Is An Early Marker In Myeloid Differentiation and Identifies a Subgroup Of CML Patients With Expanded Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Populations At Diagnosis

Although chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) originates from a primitive hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), it is the more differentiated progenitor cells that drive the expansion of the malignant clone. In addition, previous studies of chronic phase CML have shown that, despite the marked leukocytosis observed here, megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors dominate the progenitor fraction. We sought to elucidate this by employing the new marker for leukemic stem cells, the human myeloid inhibitory C-type lectin-like receptor (hMICL), in the study of progenitor cell expansion in CML.Bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cells were acquired from 11 normal donors and 31 CML patients at diagnosis in chronic phase and/or after 3-119 months of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. Cells were stained with fluorescent monoclonal antibodies and FACS sorted into HSCs (CD34+CD38-), hMICL+ progenitors (MpP; CD34+CD38+hMICL+), and hMICL- progenitors (MnP; CD34+CD38+hMICL-). Sorted cell subsets were subjected to growth in a 14-day methylcellulose assay and analyzed quantitatively for expression of the BCR-ABL fusion transcript.In normal donors, hMICL expression reproducibly identified a well-defined subpopulation of the CD34+CD38+ cells (fig 1A). The MpPs were highly enriched for cells of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMP) phenotype compared to the MnPs (p=0.012) (fig 1B). Sorted MpPs produced almost exclusively granulocyte and/or macrophage (CFU-GM) colonies (median: 92% of colonies), while colonies from MnPs were dominated by BFU-Es (91%) and, as opposed to the MpPs, also contained CFU-GEMM colonies (0.64%) (fig 1C). Thus, hMICL seems to be a useful marker for the GMP population. [Display omitted] In CML at diagnosis we found decreased numbers of MpPs (mean 23% of CD34+CD38+ cells (range: 6.3-48%)), compared to the normal donors (33% (18-48%), p=0.030) (fig 2A). Extraordinarily, the MpP fraction varied considerably in size among CML patients, and 12/23 patients had MpP fractions within the 90% reference range (RR) of normal donors (MpPHIGH patients) and thus distinctly higher than the remaining patients (MpPLOW patients) (fig 2B-C). High MpP fractions significantly correlated with high WBC (Spearman's r = 0.47, p=0.049) (fig 2D), high neutrophil counts (r = 0.55, p=0.043), large spleen size (r = 0.66, p=0.0069), and low hemoglobin at the time of diagnosis (r = -0.58, p=0.014). Within the progenitor compartment, high ratio of BCR-ABL in the MpP to BCR-ABL in the MnP significantly correlated with large MpP fractions (r = 0.54, p=0.021). [Display omitted] During the first 6 months of TKI treatment differing developments in MpP fraction size were observed for MpPLOW and MpPHIGH patients. While MpPLOW patients showed increasing MpP fractions during the first 6 months of treatment (fig 2E), 4/4 and 2/4 MpPHIGH patients displayed a decrease in MpPs at 3 and 6 months, respectively (fig 2F). Thus, in these patients, the majority of the Ph+ progenitor cells being cleared seemed to be GMPs.In conclusion, our data demonstrate that hMICL is an early marker of granulocyte-macrophage differentiation, and provides a readily accessible approach to assessing the GMP population during TKI therapy in CML. Using the present approach we have uncovered a higher degree of variability in the composition of the progenitor compartment at diagnosis than previously reported, and shown that a significant proportion of the patients have expanded GMP populations. Ongoing studies are aimed at determining whether these patients may represent patients with a more advanced form of disease at the time of diagnosis. Disclosures:Stentoft:Novartis: Consultancy, Financial support for relevant congress participation Other, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers-Squibb: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Danish Regions: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Hokland:Novartis: Research Funding.

Deep Molecular Responses In Patients With Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Nilotinib As Assessed Within The EUTOS Laboratory Network In The ENEST1st Study

Deep Molecular Responses In Patients With Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Nilotinib As Assessed Within The EUTOS Laboratory Network In The ENEST1st Study

The Achievements of the Poison Control Center of Bach Mai Hospital, Vietnam

Last editorial of the Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology addressed the important role of poison control centers in the improvement of public health (1). In Vietnam, poison control center (PCC) of Bach Mai Hospital has been the only national one for civilians. The establishment and activities of this center can be considered as one of the pioneers in the East Asia. History and setting (2,4) The PCC is a division of Bach Mai Hospital, a tertiary general hospital with approximately 2000 beds. The hospital is a public teaching hospital. The department of clinical toxicology or poison treatment center (PTC) was separated from the department of emergency and intensive care of Bach Mai Hospital in 1998. From this treatment center, the PCC of Bach Mai Hospital was established in 2003 and has been working as the only national PCC. Organization (2,4) The Bach Mai PCC is directed by 3 physicians who are specialized in critical care medicine and have been working for PTC from its beginning. Other staff members of the PCC include 7 physicians, 2 bachelors of chemistry, 1 technician, 27 nurses and 3 medical assistants. The PCC has a unit of clinical toxicology with 35 patient beds, toxicology laboratory and poison information unit. In this setting, clinical and scientific measures including management of poisoned patients, toxicology analysis, training and education for healthcare workers in the management and prevention of poisoning, toxicologic research, cooperation with domestic and international agencies regarding the poisonings, public education, providing poison information, treatment and prevention advice and participation in regional and international congresses and associations have been tracked. Achievements (2,3,5,6) Training and education: (a) For healthcare workers in Vietnam; teaching toxicology module or training courses on the management of poisonings at graduate and postgraduate levels for physicians, residents, medical students, and nurses at the center and in different regions of Vietnam is in progress (7094 students). Moreover, 46 CME courses were organized in 42 provinces nationwide. (b) For international healthcare workers; training course on the diagnosis and management of acute poisonings for 27 physicians from India in cooperation with World Health Organization was performed. Clinical activities: Approximately 1700-1800 poisoned patients are annually treated in the center which majority of them includes pesticides, snakebite, hymenoptera evenomation and toxic mushrooms. Treatment protocols and regimens for common and life-threatening poisonings have been developed and brought about great successes, especially with regards to organophosphate poisoning, snakebite, hymenoptera evenomation and nereistoxin insecticide poisoning. Research: Most studies have been focused on devising protocols and application of techniques for decontamination, antidote administration and enhanced elimination of poisons including emulsified charcoal, snake antivenoms, gastric lavage with closed circuit, plasma exchange, continuous veno-venous hemofiltration/hemodialysis and charcoal and resin hemoperfusion. Mortality rate: The PCC has played an important role in the improvement of death rate. The death rate due to poisonings was reduced from 8.5% to 1.9% after the department of clinical toxicology (PTC) was set up in 1998. The mortality was further reduced to 0.37% in 2005 after the establishment of the PCC. The current death rate (2012) is 1.99% primarily contributed by emerging paraquat poisoning. Organization of charity activities: A large number of severely poisoned patients who were in poor economical status and had treatment costs exceeding the payment competency of the health insurance benefited from these activities. Toxicology analysis: Analysis of many common poisons of concern have been carried out including pesticides, pharmaceuticals, drugs of abuse, alkaloids with quick tests, thin layer chromatography and high pressure liquid chromatography. Publications: Nineteen books (in Vietnamese) on toxicology, emergency medicine and intensive care medicine, nursing, accident and injuries prevention (chief author and co-authors) have been published by the PCC, to date. International cooperation: The PCC successfully hosted the 9th Scientific Congress of Asia Pacific Association of Medical Toxicology at Bach Mai Hospital in 2010 which was attended by 200 delegates from 19 countries

In Reply

Conflict of interest statement Dr Wittmann has received consultancy fees from Bristol Myers Squibb and Servier. He has received honoraria for authorship in the context of a publication from Servier, which was relevant to the topic of the article. He has been reimbursed the costs for congress participation, travel, and accommodation, and fees for the preparation of scientific training courses from AstraZeneca, Servier, Wyeth, Lilly, Janssen-Cilag, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, EISEI, and Lundbeck. He has accepted funds into a third-party account for performing commissioned clinical studies from Servier.

Is this (still) a man's world?

During the past 50 years, the participation of women in medicine has increased dramatically. However, this encouraging influx has not been accompanied by equality for male and female faculty in terms of rank attainment, leadership roles and salaries. There is considerable evidence that women are still under-represented in the higher echelons of academic medicine, either as heads of departments, authors of scientific papers or members of editorial boards. Participation in medical congresses is another important measure of medical achievement; this manuscript comments on the female representation in four of the largest international meetings in the field of intensive care medicine (ICM). It notes the scarcity of female faculty members and proposes several explanations for this phenomenon. The notable under-representation of women in the ICM congresses suggests the existence of a 'glass ceiling' in the field of intensive care medicine, a specialty that, up until today, hasn't been considered as traditionally 'male'.

Residents' views about family medicine specialty education in Turkey

BackgroundResidents are one of the key stakeholders of specialty training. The Turkish Board of Family Medicine wanted to pursue a realistic and structured approach in the design of the specialty training programme. This approach required the development of a needs-based core curriculum built on evidence obtained from residents about their needs for specialty training and their needs in the current infrastructure. The aim of this study was to obtain evidence on residents' opinions and views about Family Medicine specialty training.MethodsThis is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The board prepared a questionnaire to investigate residents' views about some aspects of the education programme such as duration and content, to assess the residents' learning needs as well as their need for a training infrastructure. The questionnaire was distributed to the Family Medicine Departments (n = 27) and to the coordinators of Family Medicine residency programmes in state hospitals (n = 11) by e-mail and by personal contact.ResultsA total of 191 questionnaires were returned. The female/male ratio was 58.6%/41.4%. Nine state hospitals and 10 university departments participated in the study. The response rate was 29%. Forty-five percent of the participants proposed over three years for the residency duration with either extensions of the standard rotation periods in pediatrics and internal medicine or reductions in general surgery. Residents expressed the need for extra rotations (dermatology 61.8%; otolaryngology 58.6%; radiology 52.4%). Fifty-nine percent of the residents deemed a rotation in a private primary care centre necessary, 62.8% in a state primary care centre with a proposed median duration of three months. Forty-seven percent of the participants advocated subspecialties for Family Medicine, especially geriatrics. The residents were open to new educational methods such as debates, training with models, workshops and e-learning. Participation in courses and congresses was considered necessary. The presence of a department office and the clinical competency of the educators were more favored by state residents.ConclusionsThis study gave the Board the chance to determine the needs of the residents that had not been taken into consideration sufficiently before. The length and the content of the programme will be revised according to the needs of the residents.

Economia de comunhão: responsabilidade social, ideología e representações sociais

O artigo analisa um caso particular de responsabilidade social - a Economia de Comunhão (EdC) - buscando identificar as representações sociais (Moscovici, 2003) que a constituem e se as mesmas possuem ou não um caráter ideológico (Thompson, 1995). Os dados foram coletados através de visitas a empresas, participação em congressos, pesquisas documental e bibliográfica e a análise realizada a partir da hermenêutica da profundidade (Thompson, 1995). Os resultados indicaram que, através de representações de origem religiosa (lucro como benção divina), de outras já sedimentadas pelo capitalismo (ex. lucro como fruto da competência empresarial) e de representações emergentes (ex. empresário como modelo de ética e competência) a EdC cumpre, ideologicamente, a função de legitimar as mudanças nas relações de trabalho requeridas pelos modelos flexíveis de gestão e suprimir as contradições e conflitos sociais à medida que apresenta o empresário como o grande pai, capaz de oferecer sustento, proteção e afeto a pobres e trabalhadores

Marija Rudzinskaitė-Arcimavičienė’s contribution to Egyptology (in commemoration of the 125th anniversary of the scholar’s birth)

M.K. Čiurlionis National Museum of Art The article is devoted to the contribution of Lithuania’s first professional Egyptologist, Marija Rudzinskaitė-Arcimavičienė (16 July 1885–4 May 1941), to the science of Egyptology. The discussion is centred around the formation of Rudzinskaitė-Arcimavičienė’s interest in Oriental studies, her academic activities at the University of Lithuania, her scholarly and popular publications, her scientific and organisational activities, her participation in international congresses of Orientalists, her collection of Egyptian antiquities, the most relevant trends in her scholarly research, and a general overview of her activities within the sphere of Egyptology.

Introduction: Pascendi dominici gregis The Vatican Condemnation of Modernism

Introduction: Pascendi dominici gregis The Vatican Condemnation of Modernism C.J.T. Talar Undoubtedly, were anyone to attempt the task of collecting together all the errors that have been broached against the faith and to concentrate into one the sap and substance of them all, he could not succeed in doing so better than the Modernists have done. Pascendi dominici gregis (#39) T he third part of the antimodernist encyclical Pascendi dominici gregis— reputed to have been written by Pope Pius X himself—made it clear that Modernism was perceived to be of such gravity and its partisans of such tenacity that identification of their multiple errors was not enough. The final portion set in place a series of control measures that would affect the state of Catholic scholarship for decades to come. Catholic theologians, exegetes, historians and philosophers , indeed Catholic intellectuals more largely (novels could find their way on to the Index of Forbidden Books just as well as more scholarly writings), were put on notice that their work would be subject to increased surveillance. And local ordinaries were given to understand that they were accountable for strict censorship of publications within their dioceses and for the institution and maintenance of councils of vigilance to enlarge the scope of scrutiny.1 The amount of attention given to surveil1 1. The interdiction of Modernist writings “or whatever savors of Modernism or promotes it” from seminarians or university students is specified in Pascendi (#50). Beyond the prevention and sale of such material there is the necessity to prevent it from coming into print in the first place—hence sections devoted expressly to censorship (#51 and 52). Diocesan Vigilance Committees, “charged with the task of noting the existence of errors and the devices by which new ones are introduced and propagated, and to inform the Bishop of the whole, so that he may take counsel with them as to the best means for suppressing the evil at the outset and preventing it spreading for the ruin of souls or, worse still, gaining strength and growth,” were the object of section #55. The foundational role of scholastic philosophy as normative basis for sound formation in theology and canon law, the “diligence and severity” required “in examining and selecting candidates for Holy Orders,” the regulation of editorship or collaboration with periodicals on the part of priests or their participation in congresses (this last to be permitted only “on very rare occasions”) for the subjects of several sections of this portion of the encyclical (#45, 46, 49, 53 and 54). Lastly, accountability lance and sanction, and the rigor with which both could be applied, serve as indicators of the anxiety induced by the Modernist crisis among official guardians of the faith. Catholic polemicists could decry Protestant and Kantian infiltrations into the ranks of the clergy itself,2 precipitating a climate of dogmatic anarchy among some of its members.3 Such characterizations of the crisis were not a case of polemical excess. As one who lived through the Modernist crisis and knew some of its principal figures well, Maude Petre was in a position to comment with some authority. Some decades later she wrote, We must remember, in fairness to those who were not always fair, that the impact of historical criticism on the traditional teaching of the Church was terrifying; that it seemed a case of saving the very essence of the Christian faith from destruction. Not, perhaps, since the startling revelation of Copernicanism, had the shock been greater.4 The language adopted in Pascendi comes across as harsh and uncompromising— to the point that at the time some of its defenders felt it necessary to justify not only its content but its tone. The encyclical is so out of an apparent conviction that no compromise was possible. The enemy was no longer at the gates; it had penetrated the 2 U.S. Catholic Historian for all this was specified in the form of triennial returns (#56). (The translation of Pascendi used throughout is that which appears in Vincent A. Yzermans, ed., All Things in Christ (Westminster, Md.: Newman Press, 1954). 2. In Les infiltrations protestantes et le clergé français (Paris: Victor Retaux, 1901...

ERSA Conference participation: does location matter?

Abstract. This article analyses participation in the annual European congresses of the Regional Science Association (ERSA) from 1998 through 2003. We formulate goals that the ERSA conferences should aim at and based on these aims we formulate hypotheses about conference participation. In the empirical part we test hypotheses with regard to the spatial distribution of the participants over countries, the distribution of the frequency of attendance among the participants, and the presence of distance decay in participation. All hypotheses are confirmed. We also pay attention to the relation between the frequency of attendance and distance. In the conclusions we derive implications for future conferences.

Registration Form for Congress Participation

Therapeutic Apheresis and DialysisVolume 9, Issue 2 p. 114-114 Registration Form for Congress Participation First published: 08 April 2005 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1774-9987.2005.00237.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume9, Issue2April 2005Pages 114-114 RelatedInformation

Development of teaching and tuition in the specialty of neurology in the Netherlands.

After a short survey of the early history of neurology and psychiatry in the Netherlands, the development of the specialty of neurology is discussed. During the 20th century the training of neurologists and the certification of specialists evolved from an informal master-fellow organization towards a strongly reglemented and legally based procedure. A nationwide Specialist Registration Commission supervises the quality of the training of specialists. Registered neurologists in the Netherlands are subject to a re-certification programme that controls the requirements to be fulfilled by the specialists such as their active involvement in patient care (for at least 16 h a week), attendance of the annual postgraduate courses in neurology (5-year cycle) and regular participation in international congresses of neurology. The undergraduate training in neurology, the neurology clerkship and the postgraduate training in neurosciences are described. Measures taken in order to maintain the balance between the supply of and the demand for neurological care in the near future are reported.

Third-party funding and industrial sponsoring

Due to sensational publications, media-effective proceedings and not least due to personal involvement in many cases the medical profession became aware of the potential criminal significance of third-party funding and industrial sponsoring in hospitals. It started with the so-called Heart-Valve-Affair ("Herzklappenskandal") in 1994. Since then, insecurity prevails which was further nourished by a new series of legal proceedings in spring 2002. Industrial sponsoring has been practised in hospitals for a long time. Research work at universities and colleges would hardly be possible without third-party funding, which is accepted de lege lata according to section sign 25 of the German Hochschulrahmengesetz (framework law on universities and colleges). In view of the course of action of the criminal prosecution authorities the question came up which precautions must be taken with regard to grants by the medical-pharmaceutical industry to avoid consequences from the point of view of criminal law.[nl]There are various facts and circumstances in relation with these benefits, such as providing financing of educational training, payments related to the participation in congresses, speaker's fees, consultancy agreements, clinical tests and application evaluation, provision of equipment and staff as well as providing financing thereof, donations to medical facilities and so-called Fördervereine (supporting associations), benefits for research projects, etc.

"There are Times When Silence is a Sin": The Women's Division of the American Jewish Congress and the Anti-Nazi Boycott Movement

From 1933 to 1941 the American Jewish Congress helped lead a consumer boycott of German-made goods in the United States in an effort to undermine the Hitler regime and alleviate the crisis of German Jews. While failing to bring an end to Hitler's antisemitic campaign, the anti-Nazi boycott movement—and the Congress's participation therein— is still regarded as one of the most significant examples of American Jewish mobilization on behalf of European Jewry. Scholarly accounts of the boycott effort, most notably Morris Frommer's American Jewish Congress: A History, 1914-1950 and Moshe Gottlieb's Ameri can Anti-Nazi Resistance, 1933-1941, illuminate the central role of the American Jewish Congress in organizing the boycott effort as well as the tensions within and between American Jewish organizations that inhib ited a united protest front.1 These assessments, though, have neglected one of the boycott movement's essential features: from 1934 to 1941 the Women's Division of the American Jewish Congress assumed a pivotal role in the day-to day operation and local supervision of boycott work. Reflecting a gendered distribution of activist labor, division members took on the jobs of neighborhood organization, consumer mobilization, and storefront picketing. Their work was critical to the functioning of the protest effort through the early years of World War II and thus vital to understanding the complex dynamics and mechanics of the boycott movement. Historians' neglect of the Women's Division part in boycott work is not anomalous. The historiography of American Jewry and the Holo caust speaks little of Jewish women. Landmark studies of American Jewish mobilization during World War II focus primarily on the leadership of major American Jewish defense organizations, such as the

Evaluation of qualification regulations for medical faculties of German universities and recommendations for standardization

The original reason for using the German "Habilitation" degree to mean that a candidade had qualified and could conduct research and teach at a university is no longer really valid, as this is being threatened by its importance to further careers. Medical faculties must discuss how this development can be curtailed. In order to check the current situation, the Habilitation degree systems of 36 medical faculties of German universities were compared with the aid of a scoring system. They differed dramatically. Conformity existed only in the demand for a doctoral dissertation, scientific publications and a lecture on approval. Concerning other criteria for qualification there was decreasing consensus in the following order: Habilitation thesis, commitment to teaching, further professional education, participation in congresses, inaugural lecture, qualification to teach, scientific activity, broad background in the discipline, and introduction to the faculty. Application of the scoring system with a maximum of 33 score points resulted in a mean value of 15.2 points and a range from 6 to 29 points. A significant decrease in the score values occurred with increasing age of the Habilitation degree (P = 0.002). Even if scoring systems are ambiguous and unfair, our analysis revealed serious differences in the quality of the Habilitation degree. Presuming that the German Habilitation degree should be maintained as a high-level qualification, we developed proposals that might be used to standardize this academic examination.

EAD Testing and Implementation at the Library of Congress

This case study chronicles the Library of Congress's participation as an early implementer of Encoded Archival Description (EAD). The activities described include testing the alpha version of the EAD DTD, tagging approaches used in two test finding aids in the Manuscript and the Prints and Photographs divisions, a pilot project in the Manuscript Division which encoded ten finding aids, exploration of how EAD accommodates finding aids in various formats, and the work of the library's EAD Task Force in resolving organizational and technical issues. The authors' conclusions are based on their two-year involvement with EAD at the Library of Congress.

ACADEMICIAN N. I. VAVILOV AND THE GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY OF THE USSR

Academician N. I. Vavilov (1887-1943) served as president of the Geographical Society of the USSR from 1931 to 1940. A distinguished plant breeder, geneticist, explorer for wild ancestors of cultivated plants, and geographer, he traveled widely and reported regularly to the Society on his explorations and discoveries. Together with Yu. N. Shokal'skiy, then the honorary president, he brought many new initiatives to the activities of the Society. They arranged for the transfer of the Society from the People's Comissariat of Education of the RSFSR to the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. The First All-Union Congress of Geographers of the USSR was held in 1933, participation in international congresses was arranged, international co-operation was sponsored, membership was increased sharply, sections and commissions were established or revived, a series of public lectures was organized, a lecture hall was opened, and the scientific archives were enriched. Vavilov was especially interested in the work of the Sec...

The Status of Agents on Special Mission in Customary International Law

As international relations grow in their scope and intensity, it is not surprising to find the traditional modes of diplomatie intercourse, centred around the permanent mission, giving way in many spheres to new forms of contact among nations that are more adapted to the exigencies of modem statecraft. Rapid communications and transportation have rendered superfluous or obsolete many of the functions which historically have been the preserve of the sedentary diplomat. Summit meetings, high level talks, and “shuttle diplomacy” provide a more direct and immediate means of communication which is resorted to with increasing frequency in a time when the world seems confronted with a rapid succession of crises. Moreover, the permanent mission, which evolved at a time when diplomacy was concerned primarily with the maintenance of political representation in foreign capitals, is not always well suited as an agency for participation in international conferences and congresses or negotiations on highly technical or scientific questions. These are matters which in recent years have become of increasing importance in the conduct of international relations.

RESEARCH IN GEOPHYSICS

THE annual report of the director of the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, published in December 1940, is an important record of achievement carried out under difficulties caused by war. It describes the initiation of several fresh experimental projects, the continuance of the previous programme of field observations, the reduction of existing data, the organization of and participation in several important congresses, and the publication of a large number of scientific papers.

On the Nature, Cause, and Treatment of Tuberculosis

<h3>Objective:</h3> To assess the pregnancy and infant safety of ocrelizumab after maternal use in the 6 months before or during pregnancy in the setting of routine healthcare. <h3>Background:</h3> Ocrelizumab is a recombinant, humanized, monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 antibody that selectively targets CD20⁺ B cells. Immunoglobulins are known to cross the placental barrier, and women of childbearing age should use contraception while receiving ocrelizumab and for 6 months after the last infusion. Therefore, knowledge of how ocrelizumab exposure affects pregnancy and infant outcomes in humans is limited. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> This study will use multiple sources of data collected prospectively, including existing population-based healthcare registries from Denmark and three United States claims databases. Ocrelizumab-exposed pregnancies in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) will be compared with: (1) pregnancies in women with MS without ocrelizumab exposure; and (2) pregnancies in women without MS and no ocrelizumab exposure. The frequency of adverse pregnancy outcomes (including spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, elective abortions, preterm births, C-sections and urinary and other infections) and adverse infant outcomes (including major congenital malformations, small for gestational age, and adverse effects on immune system development) will be estimated and compared across matched cohorts (validation of selected outcomes may be conducted). Analyses will be conducted within each data source separately and subsequently pooled using meta-analytic techniques. <h3>Results:</h3> The observation period will start when ocrelizumab is first prescribed within one of the participating data sources (Q2 2017), and the study will be completed in Q1 2023. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> This study will complement the planned Ocrelizumab Pregnancy Registry and address some known limitations of registries (e.g. slow enrollment, loss to follow-up), while generating important information on pregnancy and fetal outcomes following exposure to ocrelizumab. This information will be useful in guiding discussions between healthcare providers and women who may have been exposed to ocrelizumab before or during pregnancy. <b>Study Supported by:</b> Sponsored by F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd; writing and editorial assistance was provided by Health Interactions, USA and Articulate Science, UK. <b>Disclosure:</b> Dr. Margulis has received research support from Andrea V Margulis is an employee of RTI Health Solutions, which received funding from F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. to conduct this research. The contract between RTI Health Solutions and Roche includes independent publication rights. RTI International, of w. Dr. Andrews has received research support from Elizabeth B Andrews is an employee of RTI Health Solutions, which received funding from F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. to conduct this research. The contract between RTI Health Solutions and Roche includes independent publication rights. RTI International, of. Dr. Hern[aacute]ndez-Diaz has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with SHD was the epidemiologist for the North American Antiepileptic Drugs pregnancy registry and advisor for the Antipsychotics Pregnancy Registry, which are non-profit, but funded my multiple companies. Dr. Hern[aacute]ndez-Diaz has received research support from SHD participates as investigator in projects funded by Pfizer, GSK, and Lilly. Dr. Magyari has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with Biogen, Sanofi, Teva, Roche, Novartis, Merck. Dr. Magyari has received research support from received support for congress participation from Biogen, Genzyme, Teva, Roche. Dr. Rivero-Ferrer has received research support from Elena Rivero-Ferrer is an employee of RTI Health Solutions, which received funding from F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. to conduct this research. The contract between RTI Health Solutions and Roche includes independent publication rights. RTI International, of. Dr. Bader-Weder has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with Silvia Bader-Weder is an employee and shareholder of F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Dr. Evershed has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with Yes - employment at Roche Products Ltd and shareholder of F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd. Dr. Garas has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with M Garas is an employee and shareholder of F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Dr. Wang has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with Qing Wang is an employee of F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Dr. Wormser has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.