Conflict Resolution Strategies Research Articles

Conflict resolution between husband and wife in the light of the hermeneutics of biblical proverbs

Conflicts are commonplace in human relationships. The Bible is replete with narratives and proverbial statements which border on conflict scenarios and conflict resolution strategies. Conflict cannot be severed from relationships between biological brothers and sisters, Christians, friends, colleagues and husbands and wives. In this qualitative study, the researchers examined the menace ‘conflict between husbands and wives’. There is no husband and wife relationship which is devoid of disputes and conflicts. In husband and wife relationship, conflict situations could arise from lack of sexual discipline, lack of sexual satisfaction, finance, lack of communication and other areas. The thrust of this article was to examine conflict resolution principles in the light of biblical proverbs. Biblical proverbs refer to concise and wise sayings in the Bible, which give pieces of advice about everyday life. This article utilised the descriptive research methodology to analyse the primary (Bible) and secondary (Internet materials, journal articles and books) data. The major finding of this work are numerous biblical proverbs which are veritable means for resolving conflicts between husbands and wives. Contribution: The article brought to fore the major factors which lead to conflict between husbands and wives. The authors exegetically studied the chosen proverbs in order to ascertain its relevance to conflict situations. The major contribution of this article is that the messages of certain proverbs in the Book of Proverbs are very useful in resolving conflicts between husbands and wives.

Intrapersonal Emotional Intelligence during Adolescence: Sex Differences, Connection with other Variables, and Predictors.

This study explores Intrapersonal Emotional Intelligence (IEI) with the objectives of: (1) analyzing possible differences due to sex and age, and the request for psychological assistance for behavioral and emotional problems; (2) finding evidence of personality traits, social behaviors, and parental socialization styles that are characteristic of adolescents with low IEI; and (3) identifying variables that predict high IEI. The sample comprised 2283 participants aged 12–17 years from the Basque Country (northern Spain). Results: (1) Females had greater emotional attention capacity but there were no sex differences in emotional comprehension and emotion regulation; (2) adolescents aged 12–14 showed higher scores in comprehension and emotion regulation than those aged 15–17; (3) adolescents who consulted a psychologist for problems (anxiety, depression, violence, etc.) had lower emotion regulation; (4) adolescents with low IEI had less empathy, self-esteem, extroversion, openness, agreeableness, and responsibility, and lower use of cooperative and passive conflict-resolution strategies, and their parents had a low level of acceptance-affection towards their children. They also engaged in more bullying/cyberbullying and antisocial behaviors. (5) High IEI predictor variables were: using cooperative conflict-resolution strategies; traits such as extroversion, responsibility, openness, and empathy; and a high level of maternal acceptance-affection. The work identifies relevant variables for designing intervention programs and shows the importance of promoting IEI and interpersonal emotional intelligence as a factor in the development and prevention of bullying/cyberbullying.

Influence of Conflict Resolution Strategies on Subjective Well-being in College Students: Moderating Effect of Mentalization Mediated by Adaptation to College Life

Influence of Conflict Resolution Strategies on Subjective Well-being in College Students: Moderating Effect of Mentalization Mediated by Adaptation to College Life

Predominant Conflict Types and Resolution strategies among Nursing Student of Different Cultures

Difference in cultures among student nurses may be sources of conflicts, which if excessive may jeopardize learning process. Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate predominant conflict types and resolution strategies among nursing students with different cultures. It was conducted on 162 Egyptian student and 54 Nigerian Students from all department of faculty of Nursing affiliated to Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI) using an cross sectional design. Methods: The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire with Thomas-Kilmann Conflict mode Instrument (TKI).Results: The result revealed that the intergroup type of conflict was the most predominant ( 25.9%) among Egyptian nursing students meanwhile inter personal type was the predominant conflict type among Nigerian students(24.1%). Collaborating strategy was predominantly used among Egyptians (23,5%) and Nigerians (24.1%). Hence, different cultures could influence the type of conflict and its management style. Recommendations: The study recommends: co-curriculum activities and training courses in conflict resolutions strategies and different are urgently needed for all students (Egyptian and Nigerian students) to help them to cope with conflict and improve their conflict resolution strategies that which positively affect their achievement and commitment level.

Avoidant attachment and own and perceived partner’s conflict resolution in relationship satisfaction

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of conflict resolution strategies in the links between the avoidant attachment dimension and relationship satisfaction. The sample comprised 274 participants (ranging from 18 to 73 years old, 58% women). A predictive model of relationship satisfaction was tested, taking into account avoidant attachment and both own and perceived partner’s conflict resolution strategies. Structural equation modeling was used. Fit indexes indicated that the suggested overall relationship model was confirmed. Own withdrawal conflict resolution was associated positively with individuals’ perception of partner demand. Specifically, there was an indirect effect between own withdrawal and relationship satisfaction mediated by demand strategy perceived in the partner. Own withdrawal was negatively associated with perceived partner’s problem solving, and perceived partner’s positive conflict resolution strategy was positively associated with relationship satisfaction. Practical implications for professionals working with couples are discussed.

Effect of Education and Training Role of Catholic Women Association on Women Empowerment in Nyandarua County, Kenya

This study's objective was to investigate the effect of education and training role of Catholic Women Association on women empowerment in Nyandarua County, Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive research design. A sample size of 224 subjects was used in the study. Simple random sampling and stratified random sampling and procedures were used to obtain study participants. Using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23, the researcher coded, entered and analysed quantitative data. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were computed. The study found out that all (100%) of the participants agreed that education and training programs by CWA had provided women with skills on small business management and sustainability. A vast majority (97.5%) of the participants affirmed that new businesses had been started by women as a result of entrepreneurship training received from CWA in Nyandarua County. There was a statistically significant association between education and training offered by CWA to women and women empowerment in Nyandarua County, F (5, 193) = 15.188, p = .000. The study concluded that women training on small business management and entrepreneurship have resulted in start-ups of many income-generating activities by rural women that promote household income and reduce poverty levels. The study's recommendation is that both governmental and non-governmental institutions should support informal education and training programs for rural and informal settlement women to help them learn basic small business management skills, basic rights and litigations, peace building and conflict resolution strategies among other courses.

Conflict Resolution Strategies in Class Discussions

The use of class discussions as a class activity is becoming popular in the learning environment. A lot can be achieved as a group than individually. Learners gain knowledge as well as communication skills. However, in almost every group discussion, there can be conflicts. Conflicts can occur due to opposing views on the topics or even among personalities. Do learners gain anything from the conflicts? This quantitative study explores the perception of learners on discussion and conflicts during class interactions. 164 students were chosen to respond to a 32 -item questionnaire. The instrument used is a questionnaire of 32 items Section A is the demographic profile. Section B looks at learners’ perception on “competing”, section looks at learners’ perceptions on “accommodating”, section D looks at learners’ perception on “avoiding”, while section E looks at learners’ perceptions on “compromising and collaborating’. Findings of this study reveal interesting pedagogical implications in the use of class discussions as part of teaching-learning activities.

Untangling worldwide conflicts in marine protected areas: Five lessons from the five continents

As the number of world Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) has been steadily increasing in the last decades, confrontations within them may have followed the same path. In order to unravel worldwide conservation conflicts in MPAs, a literature review was done. By doing so, five lessons were learnt: (1) 87 MPAs in the five continents have reported conflicts in the literature; (2) The increase in the number of world MPAs was found to be one of the forces driving this trend; (3) Intergroup competition over the use of marine resources, feelings of exclusion, poor communication and inequities in the distribution of MPA’ benefits were the most frequent conflicts; (4) Conflict resolution strategies were scarce in the literature and displayed different outcomes; (5) To effectively address conflict and reach compromise, the roots of disputes should be identified. Further research on the effectiveness of different conflict resolution mechanisms is needed.

‘Winners’ and ‘losers’ of the agricultural expansion in the Argentine Dry Chaco

ABSTRACT Biodiversity and natural resources constitute a social safety net for forest-dependent communities and represent their main source of livelihood. Agricultural expansion driven by global food demand is not only deeply altering landscapes at the local level but also affect the forms of life and culture of rural life. These changes are increasing inequalities between stakeholders in developing countries and causing the direct displacement of numerous rural families. In this article, we focus on the Argentine Dry Chaco, one of the most threatened forest systems in the world, to analyse evidence about how land-use changes asymmetrically affect social wellbeing across landscapes and generate conflicts between stakeholders regarding the use and access to natural resources. This information needs to be considered for better territorial planning and to propose conflict resolution strategies towards more just and sustainable relationships between people and nature in complex landscapes.

Dynamic Priority-Based Service Resource Allocation for Context-Aware Conflict Resolution in Wisdom Network with Fog Computing

With the development of wisdom network, this paper assumes that intelligent devices become more and more intelligent, which can easily collect and provide a variety of context awareness data. The research goal is to design a dynamic conflict resolution strategy for context-aware resource allocation. The limited availability of resources inevitably leads to conflicts. Considering the characteristics of wisdom network, the quality of service when solving conflicts, a mechanism is proposed to improve the quality of services and to solve the resources allocation conflicts. This paper constructs the optimal model of context-aware based on a differential game and optimizes the resource allocation of context-aware based on the priority of scenarios. Fog computing is used to provide enough computing resources for the control of resource allocation of context-aware. The Bellman dynamic programming is introduced to solve the feedback Nash equilibrium solution of the proposed differential game model, to obtain the optimal allocation of service resources and solve the effectiveness of resource allocation.

Conflict Resolution Strategies and Workplace Frustration and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Moderating Role of Emotional Intelligence

The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between conflict resolution strategies (accommodating, avoiding, compromising, collaborating, and competing) with workplace frustration and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) with the moderating role of trait emotional intelligence (EI) on their relations. Data was collected through a close-ended questionnaire from 298 employees (male = 197, female =101) working at different private organizations of the manufacturing and service industry within the city of Karachi. The data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structured equation modeling. The results indicated that accommodating and avoiding strategies don’t seem to have any effect on both frustration and OCB. Accommodating seems positively and significantly affect both. Compromising significantly and positively affect OCB, however, dominating is affecting frustration. Emotional Intelligence also seems to influences both OCB and frustration. EI also complements accommodating and collaboration strategies with workplace frustration. This study is first of its kind in the local context in private sectors and paves the way for further research in the public sector.

ОНЛАЙН-ПЕТИЦИИ КАК АКТУАЛЬНАЯ ПРАКТИКА ПРОТЕСТНОЙ КОММУНИКАЦИИ (В КОНТЕКСТЕ ПОСТУЛАТОВ ГАРВАРДСКОЙ ШКОЛЫ КОНФЛИКТОЛОГИИ)

Цель. Статья посвящена характеристике онлайн-петиций как современного формата коммуникации граждан и власти в контексте концепции Гарвардской школы конфликтологии.Метод или методология проведения работы. Методология работы базируется на тезисах о системно-коммуникативной автономии протеста; взаимосвязи технологических и социокультурных изменений, интерпретации конфликта как конструктивной силы; релевантности для оценки удовлетворительности коммуникации сторон параметров «принципиальных переговоров» Р. Фишера и У. Юрии.Результаты. Определены черты разных стратегий разрешения конфликта, признаки неудовлетворительности коммуникации, особенности реализации гарвардских постулатов, «дефекты» аргументирования в анализируемых протестных практиках.Область применения результатов. Результаты вносят вклад в осмысление протеста как части современного социокультурного пространства, могут найти применение в сфере регулирования конфликтных ситуаций, протестного поведения с целью оптимизации коммуникации сторон.

Why do we resolve marital conflicts the way we do? Self‐construals, marital conflict resolution strategies, and marital satisfaction in Japan and South Korea

In this article, the research targeted middle‐aged wives who had been reported to be most dissatisfied with their marriage lives in the entire sex/generation groups in Japan and South Korea. As an exploratory study, the relationships between self‐construals (subjective, objective, and autonomous selves) and marital conflict resolution strategies (avoiding, dominating, yielding, and integrating) and those between the strategies and marital satisfaction were investigated. The model across the variables (taking the obliging and dominating strategies only) was constructed as well. Several important findings were revealed. First, subjective self and autonomous self were strongly and positively correlated and stronger in South Korea. Second, the Japanese had out‐of‐speculation relationships between self‐construals and marital resolution strategies. Third, the positive associations of integrating/obliging and marital satisfaction and the negative association of avoiding and marital satisfaction were validated in Japan and South Korea.

Preventing the generation of inconsistent sets of crisp classification rules

In recent years, the interest in interpretable classification models has grown. One of the proposed ways to improve the interpretability of a classification model based on collections of crisp rules is to use sets (unordered collections) instead of lists (ordered collections). One of the problems associated with sets is that multiple rules may cover a single instance but predict different classes for it, thus requiring a conflict resolution strategy. In this work, we propose two algorithms capable of finding feature-space regions inside which any created rule would be consistent with the already existing rules, preventing inconsistencies from arising. Our algorithms, named CFSGS and CFSBE, do not generate classification rules nor classification models but are instead meant to enhance algorithms that do so, such as Learning Classifier Systems. We analyzed both algorithms from a theoretical perspective and conducted experiments with a proof of concept evolutionary algorithm that employs CFSBE. The experiments suggest that using CFSBE as an embedded tool does incur a computational overhead, but such cost is not prohibitive.

Conflict Resolution in Russian Public Procurement: Understanding Supplier Strategies in a State Dominated System

This paper, based on a large-scale online survey of suppliers conducted by the HSE IIMS in 2017, analyzed various conflict resolution strategies in public procurement. The specific feature of this sphere is the presence of the state as the dominant party in the contractual relationship, and the resulting differences in assessing the chances of protecting one’s interests in court, as well as the effectiveness of judicial conflict resolution mechanisms. At the same time, this paper proceeded from the fact that suppliers differ not only in their practice of resolving conflict situations after the conclusion of a contract but also in the type of behavior that determines the choice of each strategy. The survey results showed that the majority of suppliers prefer to resolve conflicts in public procurement using an out-of-court negotiation with procurers, while only 31% of respondents resort to judicial proceedings. At the same time, suppliers potentially involved in informal relations with procurers, are less likely to go to court and less often use negotiations. The paper will provide a possible explanation for the revealed patterns in the behavior of suppliers.

Lay theories of peace and their influence on policy preference during violent conflict

We often talk about peace as if the concept is self-explanatory. Yet people can have various theories about what peace "is." In this study, we examine the lay theories of peace of citizens embroiled in a prolonged ethnonational conflict. We show that lay theories of peace 1) depend on whether one belongs to the high-power or low-power party and 2) explain citizens' fundamental approaches to conflict resolution. Specifically, we explore the link between power asymmetry, lay theories of peace, and preference for conflict resolution strategies within large-scale samples of Palestinian residents of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip and Jewish residents of Israel. Results reveal that members of the high-power group (in this case Jewish-Israelis) are more likely to associate peace with harmonious relationships (termed "positive peace") than with the attainment of justice (termed "structural peace"), while members of the low-power group (in this case Palestinians) exhibit an opposite pattern. Yet both groups firmly and equally interpret peace as the termination of war and bloodshed (termed "negative peace"). Importantly, across societies, associating peace with negative peace more than with positive or structural peace predicts citizens' desire for a solution that entails the partition of land (the Two-State Solution) whereas associating peace with structural or positive peace more than with negative peace predicts citizens' desire to solve the conflict by sharing the land (the One-State Solution). This study demonstrates the theoretical and policy-relevant utility of studying how those most affected by war understand the concept of peace.

Effects of Top Management Team Conflict on Organization’s Decision-Making Ability and Executive Retention Programs: An Empirical Study From Sugar Mills

This study finds that the Top Management Team (TMT) conflicts and a coalition are of great importance and an essential component of any organization. This has numerous significant motivational or disenchanting implications because they may envisage work and performance in ways that are unaccounted for by prevailing motivation practices. We hypothesize that TMT structure affects overall performance in relations to organizational decision-making ability and retention programs. We further construct that the role of TMT revolves around the Head of TMT or Managing Director (MD) and his capability and leadership skills to make his work and others' work more productive and pleasant, therefore he must have quality to set achievable, yet challenging goals for others and able to persuade TMT to modify their opinions. We also examined that what conflict resolution strategies and conflict management styles have congruence with MD leadership credentials & performance. The outcome of statistical analysis confirms that conflict among TMT and coalition of team members against change or diversity is significantly associated with decision-making ability and executive retention programs. We find coherence between MD leadership credentials and TMT conflict and coalition. Model estimation and coefficient of determination for TMT conflict, organizational decision-making ability and Leadership performance yielded significant results.

German-Language Political Blogs as an Actual Protest Practice in Context of Mediation and Conflict Resolution Postulates

The results of a study of German-speaking opposition political blogs by V. Prabel and S. Wagenknecht as examples of relevant protest practices are presented in the article. System-communicative and integrative approaches are used. The characteristics of blogs that make up the subject and collective-personal dimensions of this protest practice in the context of mediation and the postulates of the Harvard School of Conflict Studies are described. The regularities of the discursive construction of the problem, the image of the complex addresser and the addressee of the blog are determined, their argumentative, evaluative, self-presentation and phatic tactics are used. The article shows the specifics of the formation of Internet solidarity, the reflection in the analyzed practice of the phenomenon of mediation at the level of society and the individual, including the manifestation of the attributes of the changing thinking of the subjects of communication, due to the globalization of information processes and the characteristics of modern mediation in the political sphere. The postulates of the concept of “principle negotiations” by R. Fisher and W. Ury, aimed at constructivizing the conflict, and their observance by the addresser and addressee of the blog are examined, which makes it possible to assess the satisfactory communication of the parties. The inherent features of blogs that are relevant to different conflict resolution strategies are described. The results contribute to the study of the contingence of technological and sociocultural changes and can be applied in the field of conflict management.

Sistemas locales de justicia como respuesta a la desarticulación institucional en las entidades territoriales del Estado colombiano

A lo largo de este artículo, se estructuran tópicos relacionados con la implementación y regulación de los Sistemas Locales de Justicia, siendo este una estrategia colectiva de resolución de conflictos y garantía de acceso a la justicia, orientado en la recuperación de confianza por parte de las comunidades hacia las autoridades que administran justicia Para el estudio de este marco jurídico se tuvieron en cuenta el desarrollo de mecanismos análogos como antecedentes de implementación, así como la experiencia en territorio de la aplicabilidad de dicho sistema

How women in the executive influence government stability

ABSTRACT Does the gender of prime ministers and cabinet ministers influence cabinet duration? We argue that the risk for early termination of cabinets decreases with women’s presence in the executive. As scholars of social psychology indicate, women apply more consensual and compromise-oriented conflict resolution strategies. Disputes between or within governing parties, which ultimately lead to early termination, should therefore be less likely to emerge and escalate if the government is led by a woman or includes numerous female members. To test this rationale, we analyse a newly compiled, comprehensive dataset covering 676 governments in 27 European countries between 1945 and 2018 by relying on event history analysis. The results suggest that cabinets with a higher proportion of female cabinet members experience a lower risk of early cabinet termination. This article contributes to the study of women as political leaders through additional evidence for the gendered nature of leadership styles.