Conflict Prevention Research Articles

Strengthening the Local Women's Forum in Tosari Pasuruan District as an Early Detection of Social Conflict in the Tengger Tribe

This study explores the dynamics of social harmony and conflict prevention in the Tengger ethnic community in Tosari Sub-district, Pasuruan Regency, using the Community-Based Research method. The results highlight the crucial role of local women's forums in promoting interfaith harmony, which is reflected in participatory activities and community empowerment efforts. Strategic measures, such as the “Bhinneka Tunggal Ika” Village initiative, demonstrated success in strengthening the Forum through collaboration with key organizations. The research identified tangible changes, including stability and harmony in the community, conflict prevention through dialogue and cultural wisdom, and improved education that contributes to local development. The action phase of the research focused on maintaining the active involvement of the local women's forum, strengthening inter-organizational cooperation, developing a holistic conflict prevention strategy, improving communication between religious communities, and establishing a Consultation and Mediation Forum. Continuous monitoring and evaluation ensured the sustainability and effectiveness of the strategies implemented.

The Future of Warfare in the Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity and Ambiguity Context

Abstract The war of the future represents an increasingly difficult concept to model through the implementation of emerging and disruptive technologies in a Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity and Ambiguity (VUCA) context. The study of wars is essential in conflict prevention and peace building. In our paper we analyze the determining parameters of the contemporary operational environment against which we estimate possible directions of evolution of this phenomenon. The technological approach to war allows the identification of indicators of the development of emerging and disruptive technologies in an ethical framework and reinforces the strategies of forming a security culture through the mass education of citizens. The results of the research and the conclusions formulated can also constitute priorities for the strategies to strengthen the resilience of the national security and defense infrastructures.

Economic Development amidst Conflict: Exploring the Dynamics in Developing Nations

This study aims to examine the effects of ongoing conflicts on economic growth in developing countries. The study has employed Quantile Regression technique to examine the influence of conflicts on economic growth at different levels of quantiles by using panel data from 2007 to 2022. The findings of the study indicate that ongoing conflict has a negative impact on GDP growth in developing countries while gross fixed capital formation, labor force growth, and governance show the positive impact on GDP growth in all income groups but population growth and social development index shows mixed results as in some quantiles these variables impact negatively on GDP. The government and policymakers may reduce ongoing conflict by strengthening institutions, conflict prevention initiatives and promoting peace-building programs that will increase economic growth in developing countries.

Integrating Artificial Intelligence: A Step towards the African Peace and Security Architecture

The African Peace and Security Architecture, a complex set of interrelated institutions, includes the African Union's Peace and Security Council, the African Standby Force, the Continental Early Warning System, the Peace Fund, the Panel of the Wise, and regional mechanisms.The article explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in strengthening the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA). It highlights the benefits of integrating AI into conflict prevention, crisis management and coordination of peacekeeping operations in Africa. Using practical examples, the article shows how AI can be used to analyze data, detect early signals of conflict, proactively manage crises, and facilitate coordination among security actors. However, it also emphasizes the importance of an ethical and inclusive approach to the adoption of these technologies in order to ensure a positive impact on peace and security in Africa.

WARBA Dance Steps of Ganzourgou: Conflict Prevention and Resolution in Burkina Faso

In the Ganzourgou province, an ancestral ludomotor activity is practiced: the warba, a traditional dance on which the Moaga society has engraved its mechanisms of prevention and resolution of conflicts that often oppose its members. It is a dance that conveys through body gestures, deep messages whose objectives are, among others, the quest for social cohesion. To grasp the different articulations of this traditional dance of prevention and conflict regulation, a stay was made in Ganzourgou where a participatory observation was carried out on the intangible cultural heritage of this people. From the analysis of the results, it appears that the warba dance steps such as the Laadem-lacre or the Kar-valga implemented under the instrumental air during sacred or profane dance ceremonies, convey messages that consolidate social relations. However, the results also show that this reference social practice is under the influence of modern and African-inspired dances, thus leading to its gradual disappearance. To face this influence, research suggests the revitalization of this local knowledge of the Moose people of Ganzourgou, bearer of endogenous values of conflict regulation, and its inclusion in school curricula and in the practice of maintenance sport.

Land Contestation and Identity: Agrarian Conflict Between Maluku Indigenous Communities and State Authorities in A Sociological Perspective

This article discusses agrarian conflicts between indigenous communities in Maluku and state authorities, focusing on a case study involving a conflict between the indigenous community of Negeri Laha and the Indonesian Air Force (TNI AU) as adjudicated by the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia in 2012. Employing a sociological approach, the study analyzes the root causes, conflict processes, and resolution efforts. Qualitative research methods, including in-depth interviews and field observations, were utilized for data collection, along with literature analysis comprising articles, books, and the aforementioned Supreme Court ruling. The article asserts that resolving agrarian conflicts in Maluku can serve as a model for addressing similar conflicts in the region. In addition to elucidating the status of land ownership and management among indigenous communities in Maluku, the article identifies triggers and resolution processes for agrarian conflicts. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of preventing agrarian conflicts by involving indigenous communities in strategic project development and resolving conflicts through customary processes and dialogue. Conflict prevention is prioritized to mitigate losses, both in terms of human lives and property. Violence and threats against indigenous communities must be avoided to prevent resistance or escalation of conflicts.

STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PERSUASIF KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENCEGAH TAWURAN ANTAR PELAJAR MENENGAH KEGURUAN AL-WASHLIYAH 4 MEDAN

This research aims to investigate and analyze the persuasive communication strategies implemented by the School Principal in preventing student conflicts at Al-Washliyah 4 Vocational High School in Medan. Student conflicts are a significant issue within the school environment, requiring an effective approach to prevent and address conflicts among students. The research methodology employed is qualitative, involving interviews with the School Principal and direct observation of the implementation of persuasive communication strategies. Data analysis is conducted using a qualitative approach, focusing on the identification of persuasive elements applied and their impact on student behavior. The research results are expected to provide profound insights into the effectiveness of persuasive communication strategies in preventing student conflicts. The practical implications of this research can be used as a foundation for improving the strategies that have been implemented and contribute to the literature on persuasive communication strategies in an educational context. Therefore, this research is expected to make a positive contribution to conflict prevention efforts in the school environment and the overall enhancement of education quality.

STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PARIWISATA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN ACEH SELATAN DALAM MERAIH PREDIKAT DESTINASI KREATIF PADA OBJEK WISATA PULAU DUA TAHUN 2022

This research aims to investigate and analyze the persuasive communication strategies implemented by the School Principal in preventing student conflicts at Al-Washliyah 4 Vocational High School in Medan. Student conflicts are a significant issue within the school environment, requiring an effective approach to prevent and address conflicts among students. The research methodology employed is qualitative, involving interviews with the School Principal and direct observation of the implementation of persuasive communication strategies. Data analysis is conducted using a qualitative approach, focusing on the identification of persuasive elements applied and their impact on student behavior. The research results are expected to provide profound insights into the effectiveness of persuasive communication strategies in preventing student conflicts. The practical implications of this research can be used as a foundation for improving the strategies that have been implemented and contribute to the literature on persuasive communication strategies in an educational context. Therefore, this research is expected to make a positive contribution to conflict prevention efforts in the school environment and the overall enhancement of education quality.

Профилактика межнациональных конфликтов в современном воинском коллективе

The content of interethnic conflicts and the process of their prevention is revealed. The interethnic conflict in the social groups of military personnel is revealed as a type of social conflict that determines the growth of contradictions of values and interests, mutual misunderstanding of cultural priorities, hostility, inconsistency of service and labor behavior, conditions, as well as actions. It is proved that interethnic conflicts in the military team are the result of the deterioration of the level of interethnic culture of communication of military personnel. At the same time, the prevention of interethnic conflicts is the result of the targeted construction of the culture of interethnic communication of military actors. The latter can manifest itself both at the superficial level (characterized by the degree of understanding and assimilation in the consciousness of the peculiarities of various ethnic groups: the presence of necessary ideas, ethnic values, rules, as well as the norms of interethnic communication of military personnel), and at the practical service-labor level (the level of effectiveness of the practices of service implementation of interethnic communication). It is proved that the prevention of interethnic conflicts is the result of the project actions aimed at the formation of the effective culture of interethnic communication, as a result of which the conditions preventing the occurrence of ethnic conflicts among military personnel are created. The prevention of ethnic conflicts through political design determines the process of removing the conditions for the growth of tension, eliminating objective socio-cultural contradictions in the system of interethnic relations. It defines systemic transformations aimed at a temporary homeostatic conflict-free state of the modern military collective.

Managing Professional-Ethical Negotiation for Cyber Conflict Prevention

This article aims to investigate the professional and ethical negotiation on managing cyber conflict prevention towards misuse and exploitation of massive social media adoption from the higher learners' perspective. The qualitative approach from forum discussion was made among sixty higher education learners with the selection criteria. The data gathered were analyzed using thematic basis and compared with the findings from literature analysis from relevant peer reviewed journals. All were investigated, analyzed, extracted, and proposed into the professional and ethical negotiation for cyber conflict prevention. The finding revealed the principal value of digital professional skills enhancement in online practice consisting of digital competence skills, digital practice adaptability and stability, and digital technical application skills. Moreover, the digital ethical responsibility in online practice consists of communication and information accuracy enhancement, digital manner adaptability and transparency, accountability and security. We propose a dynamic discussion that encompasses enhancing ethical commitment on information accuracy for cyber conflict management; considering ethical manner on digital manner adaptability for cyber conflict arrangement; strengthening professional skills on transparency and security information quality for cyber conflict arrangement; and empowering professional negotiation accountability for cyber conflict management.

Conflict Transformation in South Omo Zone Pastoralist and Agro-Pastoralist Community of Ethiopia

This study explores conflict transformation practices and actors through an analytical research approach. It reveals that various actors engaged in conflict and peace initiatives have primarily focused on activities cantered around conflict management, prevention, and resolution. This limited emphasis on conflict transformation is attributed to a lack of governmental attention to strategic planning in this regard. Sources of conflict identified include grievances, animal raiding, land disputes, fishing rights, and competition over water and pasture resources. Efforts aimed at conflict transformation encompass resilience-building, rangeland management, NGO interventions in peace dialogues, integration of pastoralism and agro-pastoralism with commercial agriculture, implementation of drought and conflict early warning systems, water resource management and development, range land rehabilitation, and provision of education to affected communities. While these activities have played a significant role in addressing conflicts and transforming relationships, they are deemed insufficient and inadequately executed for comprehensive conflict transformation. Nonetheless, they serve as vital drivers of peace. Although the current conflict transformation mechanisms in place have not resulted in significant changes in the conflict situation, the beginnings are promising and commendable. The government and other stakeholders are urged to engage in proactive conflict intervention mechanisms to effectuate conflict transformation and foster peace or mitigate its adverse impacts. Furthermore, the study advocates for the provision of informal peace education to all adult community members, with the possibility of formalizing this education as an existing conflict transformation option.

Collective Security and the African Regional Integration

The end of the cold war and the marginalization of Africa, coupled with the vicious cycle of poverty, underdevelopment, disease and internecine conflicts are reasons for the aggressive support for African regional integration and security mechanism. Meanwhile, commitments to African regional integration have been constrained by a highly ambivalent critique of the colonial heritage of sovereignty, and unwilling to transfer any of such freedom to supra-national bodies. Yet this has the potential of enhancing their ability to coordinate the implementation of collective security. The objective of this research therefore is to place the relationship between the African regional integration and the efficacy of collective security within the region. The study adopted the Survey research design. The main instrument for data collection was structured questionnaires. The Spearman rank order correlation coefficient was used in testing the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that, there is a significant relationship between African regional integration and collective security/ effective deterrent to aggression, and also that, there is a significant relationship between the failure of African regional integration and the security dilemma confronting the region. The researcher therefore recommends that for the purpose of conflict management, the partnership between the UN and the AU, with its corresponding sub-regional organizations, should be akin to a pyramid. Regional security integration should rest on concepts of good governance, sound civil-military relations and commitments to democracy and human rights, and that regional security arrangements need to focus on modest measures for the prevention and containment of conflicts, rather than utopian ideas and complex institutional mechanisms.

Exploring Refugee Crises: A Comparative Study of US Withdrawals from Vietnam and Afghanistan

The refugee crisis is a recurring consequence of the long-term conflict and political turmoil. This research aimed to study and compare the refugee crisis resulting from the U.S. involvement in the complex political dynamics of both Vietnam and Afghanistan. The study analyzes the causes, reactions and impacts of these refugee crises and gives insights into the complexity of the displacement and international response. The qualitative research design focused on content analysis. Books, academic papers and reports are used as data sources. The framework of realist and forced migration theory was applied to identify the root causes of the refugee crisis in Vietnam and Afghanistan, allowing comparative analysis. The study examined the US military’s involvement in the refugee crisis since 1975 in Vietnam, highlighting its impact on refugees and host communities. The US’s withdrawal from Afghanistan in 2021 led to the Taliban’s takeover, increasing Afghan refugee numbers and posing political tensions and security risks. In Vietnam, an estimated 2 million and in Afghanistan, an estimated 1 million refugees fled the country after the withdrawal due to push and pull factors. The Vietnam and Afghanistan refugee crises share similarities, but they have significant differences. Vietnamese refugees primarily fled by sea, while Afghans used land, air, and sea routes. Vietnamese refugees settled in Southeast Asia and the US, while Afghan refugees sought asylum in various countries. The U.S. government’s policy response to refugees exhibited a mix of welcome and skepticism, influenced by Vietnam’s strategic importance during the Cold War. The study recommended enhancing international cooperation, prioritizing humanitarian aid, implementing comprehensive refugee policies, promoting conflict prevention, enhancing resettlement programs, addressing socioeconomic factors, raising awareness, combating stigma, strengthening legal frameworks, investing in education, and learning from past experiences to address refugee crises.

The impact of geopolitical risk, institutional governance and green finance on attaining net-zero carbon emission

This research investigates the impact of geopolitical risk, institutional governance and green finance on environmental outcomes, specifically focusing on carbon emissions and ecological footprint. Utilizing the dynamic CS-ARDL method and aggregated mean group analysis on a panel dataset covering 21 nations from 2000 to 2021, our findings reveal that heightened geopolitical risk leads to both short and long run increases in carbon emissions and the ecological footprint. Our study finds both a direct as well as indirect connection between governance, green finance and environmental outcomes in both the short and long run, highlighting the nuanced impact of governance on the formulation of environmental policies and regulatory frameworks. The results emphasize the need for targeted strategies, including focused investments and incentives for sustainable finance, particularly in conflict-affected regions. Furthermore, our research underscores the enduring impact of historical events, such as wars, on contemporary environmental indicators, emphasizing the importance of proactive conflict prevention measures. Our research suggests that policymakers should adopt comprehensive strategies that prioritize emission reduction during short-run spikes in geopolitical risk while maintaining a steadfast commitment to long-run sustainability.

Assessment of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) 1999 and 2001 protocols in the resolution of the Gambian post-election crisis

This study sought to appraise two Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Protocols; the Protocol on Conflict Prevention (1999) and the Democracy and Good Governance Protocol (2001), and how they address the political security challenge in Gambian. In resolving the Gambian crisis, ECOWAS adopted some of its already established protocols such as the ECOWAS Mechanism on Conflict Management, Resolution, Security, and Peacekeeping and the ECOWAS Protocol on Good Governance and Democracy. The study relied on the documentary method. So, data were collected from secondary sources by reviewing various newspapers, journals, textbooks, and online sources. The findings of the study reveal that ECOWAS was very successful in its Conflict Resolution Mechanisms in West Africa especially the use of the Protocol on Conflict Prevention (1999) and the Democracy and Good Governance Protocol (2001) as these helped to address the Political Security challenge in the Gambia. Consequently, this study concludes and recommends that other sub-regional bodies should emulate ECOWAS in adopting their conflict resolution mechanisms within their sub-region. Finally, the paper recommends that ECOWAS should ensure that democratic governance through free, fair, and credible elections, the rule of law, and respect for human rights are fully respected and implemented in her sub-region.

Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Pembinaan Teritorial TNI AD untuk Pencegahan Konflik Sosial di KODIM 0618/Kota Bandung

The implementation of the Indonesian Army (TNI - AD) Territorial Development Policy is based on the policy implementation process approach which has several dimensions, namely size and objectives, resources, characteristics of implementing agencies, communication, disposition, social, economic and political environment. This research uses a post-positivism paradigm with qualitative methods. The data collection techniques used are in-depth interviews and document studies. The result is the Implementation of the Army Territorial Development Policy for the prevention of social conflict in Kodim 0618 / Bandung City, the researcher concluded that the implementation of the policy has not been carried out optimally because it has experienced several obstacles. Lack of clear information about territorial development to the TNI and the community, information that is not clear enough can complicate understanding of territorial development. The obstacle in the implementation can be caused by the low human resource factor.

SUPPORTING INSTRUMENTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION FOR RESOLVING CONFLICTS WITHIN THE UNION

The European Union, a community consisting of 27 member states with completely different histories, cultures, economies and levels of development, needs certain clear rules of the game that will ensure peaceful coexistence and continuity of coexistence of states gathered under one integration roof. This article focuses on the principle of subsidiarity in the EU and its role in conflict management. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of how subsidiarity operates as a mechanism to reduce tensions and promote cooperation between EU member states. The analysis focuses on the historical application of this principle in different political contexts to identify patterns and general trends. The methodological approach of the article is based on a comprehensive analysis of political decision-making processes at the EU level, taking into account the principle of subsidiarity. By combining qualitative and quantitative research methods, the impact of this principle on conflict identification, prevention and resolution is systematically explored. It was confirmed that targeted and effective implementation of the principle of subsidiarity in the EU can make a significant contribution to conflict prevention and resolution. Principle of subsidiarity acts as the main tool for conflict management in the EU, plays a central role.

From Glimmer to Grind: Unveiling the Conflict Potential of South Kalimantan’s Diamonds

This study delves into the intricate social dynamics of South Kalimantan’s traditional diamond mines, revealing a potential for conflict amidst the promise of economic uplift. South Kalimantan is one of the provinces in Indonesia, known nationwide for its diamond production. Going beyond conventional economic and environmental perspectives, the research employs Galtung’s Conflict Theory, examining the interplay of attitudes, behaviours, norms, values, and political influences. By adopting this nuanced approach, the study unveils hidden fault lines within these communities, providing a comprehensive understanding of how diverse factors converge to create discord. The consequences of unaddressed conflict include shattered livelihoods, environmental degradation, and fractured communities. The study employs rigorous quantitative methods to empower stakeholders in proactive conflict management, including questionnaires and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with data from 400 respondents. The findings underscore the significant roles of behaviours, attitudes, norms, and politics in fueling tension, with values demonstrating surprisingly less direct influence. This insight is a roadmap for conflict prevention and sustainable development, allowing stakeholders to tailor interventions based on specific conflict-driving factors. The study urges a shift from reactive to proactive measures, envisioning a future where prosperity continues and communities thrive in harmony, free from conflict.

Firms and Peacemaking: The Role of Private Firms in Civil War Negotiations

Over the last 20 years, scholars have closely examined the political and social conditions that promote peaceful conflict resolution and those that exacerbate violence. Accordingly, there is much greater understanding of violence and peace processes. Mostly lacking from this scholarship, however, is a role for private firms. International firms are often present in societies prone to conflict. Recent research suggests firms can play an important role in conflict prevention and resolution, and business scholars suggest these actors can reduce tensions in conflict zones. Yet, little is known about how multinational corporations impact conflict resolution dynamics. This project explores how the private sector affects conflict. Using new data, the authors show the effects of an active private sector on the occurrence and outcomes of civil war negotiations. The findings show that corporate calls for peace are effective at encouraging states and rebels in democracies to negotiate, but only increase the likelihood of reaching a peace agreement in nondemocracies.

Empowering communities for peace: Multitrack strategies for sustainable peacebuilding in Africa

The paper discusses approaches and analyzes strategies that has the potential to effectively address the root causes of conflicts and promote long-lasting peace in Africa. The study utilizes the concept of multitrack diplomacy theory to explore various interventions and strategies that might contribute to the transformation and prevention of conflicts. It emphasizes the importance of comprehensive approaches that involve citizen diplomats, political elites, religious leaders, NGOs, the media, conflict resolution educators, and traditional rulers. The paper underscores the need to involve and empower local communities to give them a sense of ownership and authority over peacebuilding initiatives. Storytelling, interfaith activities, legal accountability, and education are recognized as useful methods for promoting reconciliation, preventing trauma, and developing the ability to resolve conflicts. The literature indicates that adopting a relationship-focused strategy, bolstered by multitrack diplomacy and local empowerment, can play a role in achieving lasting peace in Africa and other regions. The paper offers pragmatic insights for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders engaged in peacebuilding endeavors. It emphasizes the significance of promoting conversation, harmony, and shared comprehension while taking into account the specific requirements, objectives, and resolutions of the local community. By employing these tactics, individuals or groups with a vested interest in a particular issue can actively strive to bring an end to harmful disputes and facilitate inclusive processes of change that foster positive and enduring peace.