Exchange Of Confidential Information Research Articles

FEATURES OF THE METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING THE DISCIPLINE «NETWORKS AND SYSTEMS OF INFORMATION TRANSMISSION» IN MODERN CONDITIONS

Modern networks and information transmission systems are based on packet switching and routing technologies that provide the exchange of confidential information over the Internet, a global international data transmission network. The Internet has created a unified information space, including a lot of large and small networks, as well as individual interconnected computers. IP-technologies form the basis of networks and information transmission systems. The technologies used to protect traffic transmitted over local and global networks use the resources of routers and switches. When teaching students about packet switching and routing technologies, computer modeling of networks based on network emulators and simulators, systems and devices has gained a widespread acceptance. The use of emulators and simulators is especially effective for distant learning of students.

ENCRYPTION EFFICIENCY OF VARIOUS STEGANOGRAPHIC METHODS

At present, great attention is paid to the secure delivery of information and files on the Internet. Thus, the exchange of confidential information through various channels remains inevitable and there is a need for both encryption and hiding the fact of transmission. Word "Steganography" takes roots from the Greek word steganos, which means covered. Steganography is a technique for concealment the transmitting of a secret message. There are several methods to achieve this goal for embedding a secret message in another file, be it a picture, video, audio or text. This article is an attempt to analyze the various steganography techniques depending on the file types and identify the most effective ones.

Physical Layer Security of Spatially Modulated Sparse-Code Multiple Access in Aeronautical $Ad$-$hoc$ Networking

For improving the throughput while simultaneously enhancing the security in aeronautical <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ad-hoc</i> networking (AANET), a channel quality indicator (CQI)-mapped spatially modulated sparse code multiple access (SM-SCMA) scheme is proposed in this paper. On one hand, we exploit the joint benefits of spatial modulation and SCMA for boosting the data rate. On the other hand, a physical-layer secret key is generated by varying the SM-SCMA mapping patterns based on the instantaneous CQI in the desired link. This guarantees the security of AANETs, since this secret key is not exchanged between the source aeroplane and its destination. Due to the line-of-sight (LoS) propagation in the AANET, other aeroplanes or eavesdroppers may detect the signals delivered in the desired link. However, they are unable to translate the detected signals into the original confidential information, even if multiple copies of the signals are recoined over multiple hops of the AANET, because they have no knowledge of the CQI-based SM-SCMA mapping pattern. The performance of the CQI-mapped SM-SCMA is evaluated in terms of both its bit error rate and its ergodic secrecy rate, which substantiates that the proposed scheme secures the confidential information exchange in the multi-hop AANET.

A Pairing Free Identity Based Two Party Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol Using Hexadecimal Extended ASCII Elliptic Curve Cryptography

In wireless sensor network (WSN), the secure communication and exchange of confidential information between nodes is a challenging task. To eliminate the security flaws WSN adopts authenticated cryptography mechanisms. The authenticated key agreement protocol guarantees the reality of the users and negotiates the shared session key. In the past years, the two-way authentication scheme has been proved as a better approach for secure and energy efficient communication over Bin and Balls Authentication scheme, Timed Efficient Stream Loss-Tolerant Authentication scheme and so on. However, the recently established identity based protocols are associated with the flaws like inadequate security, high computation cost and latency in communication to a larger extent. The issues related to cost is raised because of the pairing and mapping functionalities in the state-of-the-art techniques. This paper proposes a pairing-free identity based two-party authenticated key agreement protocol based on hexadecimal extended ASCII Elliptic Curve Cryptography. The proposed scheme is developed in an adequate manner with the increased security strength and reduced cost. The security of this protocol is tightened by the extended ASCII code representation of the identity of the user. The performance of this protocol is compared with the Bin and Balls Authentication scheme, Loss-Tolerant Authentication scheme and recently proposed Ramachandran and Shanmugam scheme that show our scheme outperforms these three authentication schemes.

Conceptualization of a System-of-Systems in the Defense Domain: An Experience Report in the Brazilian Scenario

National sovereignty and protection require a diversity of interdependent systems that jointly provide a large infrastructure for the national security, making possible a continuous monitoring and control. These systems assure the confidential information exchange while providing more complex functionalities when working together and forming alliances known as Systems-of-Systems (SoS). This paper reports an experience in the Brazilian defense scenario, externalizing the acquired knowledge in the form of lessons learned during the conduction of a real, strategic project called SisGAAz (Blue Amazon Management System), which has its main goal to develop the Brazilian navy management SoS. In particular, we focus on reporting our experience in the architectural design of this SoS as a quality driver in our project. We also raise challenges that were overcome, and also others that must still be faced. The results communicated herein contribute to deliver a panorama of the Brazilian state of the practice about SoS engineering. Such results are important, as they report the current situation and gaps to be bridged by both academics and practitioners, not only in Brazil but also worldwide, especially in those developing countries that are also living and implementing such technological revolution.

Waivers of confidentiality and perspectives of their enforcement in Russia

One of the essential conditions of effective activity of the competition authorities is the exchange of confidential information, which is rather often performed in the foreign practice via implementation of waivers of confidentiality. Analysis of the foreign practice of implementation of waivers of confidentiality, proposals for the development of the competition legislation and FAS Russia enforcement practice in part related to implementation of waivers of confidentiality are formulated in the current article.

Smartphone Fingerprinting Combining Features of On-Board Sensors

Many everyday activities involve the exchange of confidential information through the use of a smartphone in mobility, i.e., sending on e-mail, checking bank account, buying on-line, accessing cloud platforms, and health monitoring. This demonstrates how security issues related to these operations are a major challenge in our society and in particular in the cyber-security domain. This paper focuses on the use of the smartphone intrinsic and physical characteristics as a mean to build a smartphone fingerprint to enable devices identification. The basic idea proposed in this paper is to investigate how to generate a specific fingerprint that allows to distinctively and reliably characterize each smartphone. In particular, the accelerometer, the gyroscope, the magnetometer, and the audio system (microphone-speaker) are taken into account to build up a composite fingerprint based on a set of their distinctive features. Many experiments have been carried out by analyzing different classification methods, diverse features combination configurations, and operative scenarios. Satisfactory results have been obtained showing that the combination of such sensors improves smartphone distinctiveness.

The Method and Information System for the Exchange of Confidential Information in Open Computer Networks

The Method and Information System for the Exchange of Confidential Information in Open Computer Networks

Supporting Multi-agent Coordination and Computational Collective Intelligence in Enterprise 2.0 Platform

In this paper, we propose a novel approach utilizing a professional Social network (Pro Social Network) and a new coordination protocol (CordiNet). Our motivation behind this article is to convince Small and Medium Enterprises managers that current organizations have chosen to use Enterprise 2.0 tools because these latter have demonstrated remarkable innovation as well as successful collaboration and collective intelligence. The particularity of our work is that is allows employer to share diagnosis and fault repair procedures on the basis of some modeling agents. In fact, each enterprise is represented by a container of agents to ensure a secured and confidential information exchange between intra employers, and a central main container to connect all enterprises’ containers for a social information exchange. Enterprise’s container consists of a Checker Enterprise Agent (ChEA), a Coordinator Enterprise Agent (CoEA) and a Search Enterprise Agent (SeEA). Whereas the central main container comprises its proper agents such as Selection Agent (SA), and a Supervisor Agent (SuA). JADE platform is used to allow agents to communicate and collaborate. The FIPA-ACL performatives have been extended for this purpose. We conduct some experiments to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach.

A privacy-preserving smart parking system using an IoT elliptic curve based security platform

Since the initial visions proposed in the SmartDust project fifteen years ago, Wireless Sensor Networks have seen a tremendous development, leading to the realization of the Internet of Things (IoT). Today, there is a large variety of hardware and software to choose from that is easy to set up and use. Even though there is an increasing number of real-world applications that employ large deployments of IoT devices, the wireless nature of communication in combination with the low-end capabilities of the devices raises security and privacy issues that have not been properly addressed. Considering also that sensor node brands are very different in their capabilities, providing a single solution is very challenging.In this paper we adopt Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) as an attractive alternative to conventional public key cryptography, such as RSA. ECC is an ideal candidate for implementation on constrained devices where the major computational resources, i.e., speed, memory are limited and low-power wireless communication protocols are employed. That is because it attains the same security levels with traditional cryptosystems using smaller parameter sizes. We provide a generic implementation of ECC that runs on different host operating systems, such as Contiki, TinyOS, iSenseOS, ScatterWeb and Arduino. Furthermore, it runs on smartphone platforms such as Android and iPhone and also any linux based systems (e.g., raspberryPi). Our implementation does not contain any platform-specific specializations, allowing a single implementation to run natively on heterogeneous networks.We look into the Smart Parking application domain and provide a solution that protects the privacy of the users by totally avoiding the exchange of confidential information. We also show how to protect a user’s privacy by adapting the tool of zero knowledge proofs (ZKP) with our ECC implementation. We study the performance of our system in an real-world outdoor IoT testbed and analyze the execution time and network overhead for each available hardware platform. Our code is available as open source software and can be used from developers who wish to achieve certain levels of security and privacy in their applications.

Authentication Based on Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Proofs for the Internet of Things.

This paper describes the design and analysis of a new scheme for the authenticated exchange of confidential information in insecure environments within the Internet of Things, which allows a receiver of a message to authenticate the sender and compute a secret key shared with it. The proposal is based on the concept of a non-interactive zero-knowledge proof, so that in a single communication, relevant data may be inferred to verify the legitimacy of the sender. Besides, the new scheme uses the idea under the Diffie–Hellman protocol for the establishment of a shared secret key. The proposal has been fully developed for platforms built on the Android Open Source Project, so it can be used in any device or sensor with this operating system. This work provides a performance study of the implementation and a comparison between its promising results and others obtained with similar schemes.

The Next Rising Tax Haven

The Next Rising Tax Haven

Information-Sharing Between Competition Authorities

The increasing number of antitrust cases that affect more than one country calls for more active cooperation between competition authorities. I analyse the impact of exchange of confidential information between two authorities deciding on a multinational merger. The authorities want to clear the merger if the information sent by the firm suggests that the expected welfare in their country will be enhanced and the firm can secretly manipulate the precision with which it transmits this information. The authorities differ in their leniency towards the merger and we focus on the cases where the authorities disagree about the decision. Under no information-sharing, the firm chooses an extreme level of precision: very high (low) for the most (least) lenient authority. Under information-sharing, the firm is restricted to choose the same precision for both authorities. The firm's choice depends on the level of cooperation in the decision-making between the countries. If the authorities exert their veto power, the firm always uses the lowest level of precision. If the authorities also cooperate in the decision-making, the firm's choice of precision may be non-monotonic in the average welfare implications and intermediate levels of precision are chosen. Other situations where the model can be applied abound in industrial organisation and political economy.

Cooperative Profit Sharing in Coalition-Based Resource Allocation in Wireless Networks

We consider a network in which several service providers offer wireless access to their respective subscribed customers through potentially multihop routes. If providers cooperate by jointly deploying and pooling their resources, such as spectrum and infrastructure (e.g., base stations) and agree to serve each others' customers, their aggregate payoffs, and individual shares, may substantially increase through opportunistic utilization of resources. The potential of such cooperation can, however, be realized only if each provider intelligently determines with whom it would cooperate, when it would cooperate, and how it would deploy and share its resources during such cooperation. Also, developing a rational basis for sharing the aggregate payoffs is imperative for the stability of the coalitions. We model such cooperation using the theory of transferable payoff coalitional games. We show that the optimum cooperation strategy, which involves the acquisition, deployment, and allocation of the channels and base stations (to customers), can be computed as the solution of a concave or an integer optimization. We next show that the grand coalition is stable in many different settings, i.e., if all providers cooperate, there is always an operating point that maximizes the providers' aggregate payoff, while offering each a share that removes any incentive to split from the coalition. The optimal cooperation strategy and the stabilizing payoff shares can be obtained in polynomial time by respectively solving the primals and the duals of the above optimizations, using distributed computations and limited exchange of confidential information among the providers. Numerical evaluations reveal that cooperation substantially enhances individual providers' payoffs under the optimal cooperation strategy and several different payoff sharing rules.

European Competition Policy in International Markets

Changes in the institutional, technological and economic environment raise new challenges to the European competition policy. In this context, it is timely for European authorities to appraise the external dimension of the European competition policy as well as its articulation with current internal reforms. Globalisation can increase the costs of monitoring and seriously reduce the ability of European authorities to tackle cross-border anti-competitive conducts. In addition, conflicts are exacerbated by industrial policy motivations. As it is unlikely that the sole application of the territoriality and extraterritoriality principles to competition rules could yield an optimal international competition system, globalisation calls for higher levels and types of cooperation. Given that bilateral cooperation and especially the implementation of comity principles could be of no value when laws or interests are sources of international conflicts, three main paths could be therefore encouraged: The continuous harmonization of rules through the joint action of OECD and ICN; the higher cooperation in the confidential information exchange; the establishment of global anti-trust institutions. Although WTO is legitimate in judging questions related market access and entry barriers, it is less equipped to assess international hard core cartels or M&A reviews. As a substitute for WTO, a multilevel system, like the EU system, could be promoted. For political and pragmatic reasons, it could be composed in a first step of a hard core of countries like the EU, Japan and the U.S. It could be associated with the creation of an international Court of Justice for competition. In addition to these external reforms, some internal reforms could be required. Competition authorities have to develop further competition advocacy to give a higher priority to competition issues in other EU policies and national regulation. A parallel and complementary reform could consist in making the European competition agency independent from State Members' interference.

Exchange of Confidential Information

Exchange of Confidential Information

The Social Service Exchange: A Device for Facilitating the Exchange of Confidential Information among Welfare and Health Agencies. Edith Shatto King

Previous articleNext article No AccessReviews of Government Reports and Public DocumentsThe Social Service Exchange: A Device for Facilitating the Exchange of Confidential Information among Welfare and Health Agencies. Edith Shatto King C. G.C. G. Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Social Service Review Volume 18, Number 4Dec., 1944 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/635155 Views: 1Total views on this site Copyright 1944 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.