Settlement Conditions Research Articles

ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN IN KAMPUNG KALI CODE ON CRIME PREVENTION BASED ON PERCEPTION OF CITIZENS

<p><em><em><em>Kampung Kali Code is a dense village located along the Code River Gondokusuman District with the condition of a contoured settlement. The development of the environmental design of the Kampung Kali COde which also developed along the Code River continues to increase with the maintenance of the physical elements of the area. However, the current development of environmental design has not included the element of crime prevention. This is based on the existence of criminal acts that occur in the Kampung Kali Code area such as the theft of bicycles, motorbikes and helmets. In addition, in 2017 there were 10 cases of theft from 59 cases in the District of Gondokusuman. The approach to preventing crime through environmental design or Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) is the appropriate use of the built environment to improve the quality of life through crime prevention and reduction in fear of crime. CPTED itself consists of natural surveillance, teritorial reinforcement, accessibility, and activity support maintenance. Analysis of the Kampung Kali Code environmental design on crime prevention uses the Spearman rank correlation analysis technique with the connection of existing conditions of environmental design and community perceptions of the influence of environmental design on crime prevention. Based on the research there are findings in the form of environmental design variables that will influence crime prevention, namely accesibility and maintenance of activity supporters. Some related indicators include availability of access for motorize and non-motorize vehicles, maintenance of public circulation lighting, and availability of patrol posts in guarding the area. The indicator is expected to be able to assist in the prevention of crime through the design of the Kampung Kali Code neighborhood.</em></em></em></p>

A Study on the Improvement of Settlement Conditions for Young People in Gumi City

A Study on the Improvement of Settlement Conditions for Young People in Gumi City

Flood disaster and risk anticipation strategy

The purpose of this study is to describe the risk anticipation strategy in facing flood as an action by local people particularly in the settlement area of Makassar suburbs. This is urgent to describe due that flood area is the densely populated area. This research used interviews, observation and literature study. Interviewing is for residents about their strategy in anticipating the risk of floods. Results of interviews that are mapped are based on the indicators of risk anticipating strategy. Observation technique is about the settlement condition before and after the flood. Literature study is about related theory and the same problem of this research for comparing each other. This study found that the residents as local people in risk anticipating flood as strategy, such as refuge to relatives and neighbors whose homes are free of the flood, store goods on higher ground, or tie to keep them from flood flowing, pet animals, preparing rubber tires for transportation.

Preservation and Valorisation of Public Historical Areas in Gaobu Village, Dong Minority of Hunan, China

The Dong minority communities are today, in a similar condition of many other Chinese rural settlements, deeply affected by the phenomenon of “Village Hollowing” and “Urbanization” over the last 20 years. This unprecedented exodus of rural populations to expanding urban areas, has resulted in almost vacant villages inhabited by struggling communities of mostly elderly people and children, the social and economic system has changed dramatically among Dong communities. Using the Dong Minority village of Gaobu, located along the Pingtan River in Hunan Province, China, as a pilot project, is a fully operating agricultural community with a population of over 2500 inhabitants. It has many typical architectural heritages mainly composed by 6 Drum-Towers, 2 Wind-Rain Bridges as well as other Han nationality’s buildings, a reflection of its rich cultural heritage and importance in the region. In July, 2017, a united summer workshop held in Gaobu village, was assembled and organized by school of architecture, Guangzhou University, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hunan University, South China University of Technology and Polytechnic University of Milan. 56 master students, PhD students and Professors attended the workshop.The aim of the workshop is to develop an alternative and sustainable strategy to regenerate and preserve Dong Minority villages in China via architectural prototype and planning proposal, that respond to contemporary rural developments and foster minimum impact to the existing heritage of the village. Finally, a new collective and co-operative system, incorporating multiple function was offered. Meanwhile, an adaptive planning strategy that based on the needs of the community was proposed. Concentrating on the special link between dynamic heritage and villagers will provide a better rural living for the Dong community in the future.

Human-induced prehistoric soil buried in the flood plain of Svratka River, Czech Republic

The natural setting and prehistoric human activity on Holocene floodplains in Central Europe is a compelling issue from several points of view. This environment presents an important sedimentary archive reflecting past human behaviour in interactions with climate change. Two sedimentary sections recorded in the alluvial zone of Svratka River (Moravia) with a buried soil dated to the time span between the Neolithic and Late Bronze Age, and comprising one paleo-catena, were investigated using a multiproxy approach. The buried paleo-catena presents evidence of long-term (ancient) soil development, and the use of the site for human settlement and farming ca. 4500 BC until 1000 BC. Buried soil horizons indicate (climate) stability, which according to archaeological evidence lasted for at least 3500 years, until at least 1000 BC. The architecture and the lithology of the river floodplain changes approximately 0 AD. Anthropogenic settlement activity was not detected at the site in the subsequent period, and this is very likely to be associated with increased sedimentation rates and less optimal conditions for human settlement.

How Apology Incentivizes Construction Dispute Settlement

Apology legislations have been enacted in many countries to protect an apology offeror from being considered to have made an admission of responsibility. The Hong Kong Apology Ordinance came into effect in July 2017. One of the background objectives in enacting the Apology Ordinance was to encourage disputing parties to offer an apology in mediation where it would help in settling a dispute. Mediation is also commonly used as one of the alternative dispute resolution methods in construction. This study focuses on how an apology would incentivize the disputants to research settlement. In this regard, the prerequisite conditions for settlement of disputes and the main characteristics of the Apology Ordinance are summarized. The incentivizing effect of an apology on settlement is discussed under the equity theory. Views of construction professionals were solicited and the findings suggest that an apology can incentivize settlement by addressing the need of receiving comfort and the desire of having equal footing; both of these conditions are instrumental in engendering a conductive environment for mediation.

Physical-biological interactions in the ocean: case studies from the northern Canary Current Upwelling Ecosystem

Physical-biological interactions in the ocean: case studies from the northern Canary Current Upwelling Ecosystem

Concept Development Housing and Settlement of Coastal Areas based on Eco-Green: Case Study-Coastal Areas Babelan and Tarumajaya District Bekasi West Java, Indonesia

The physical character of coastal settlements as residential areas characterized by the collective activity as fishermen. These activities serve as fishermen's settlements identity that is implemented in a good space utilization personal space in a dwelling, as well as communal spaces in residential areas along the coast. Routines fishing activity occurs continuously, thus making the coastal area as a space that has activity throughout the day both day and night. In the context of settlements, typology functions as coastal settlements with fishing activity, showed a difference that is quite thick. This study aims to give the concept of the arrangement and construction of residential areas and settlements in the coastal area of eco-green-based, so that the quality of housing and residential environment for the better. The methodology used in this study was conducted on the basis of the actual condition of residential areas and settlements in the study area in District Babelan, and Tarumajaya as described earlier in the discussion forward and combined with the assessment parameters based eco-green. The variables that were examined consisted of eight (8) components were: 1) State of the Environment, 2) Administration Building, 3) Water, 4) Wastewater, 5) Drainage, 6) Waste, 7) Energy, and 8) Transportation. Based on the results of surveys and interviews show one housing unit occupied by a family of 2-3. This resulted in the number of residents in one house numbers between 8-11 people. A large number of families in one house unit was based on a very close family relationship that is in the relationship of parents and children, or fellow brothers, even though they already have their own families. Owners of residential buildings remained based on joint ownership with the parents as the primary owner. The system shows that the system of living together is a common practice. Democratization in the family makes this habit become commonplace. Based on the eco-green concept in the arrangement and construction of housing and settlements in coastal areas, covering several things: 1. Green open space region, including the concept of structuring riparian area is the concept of improving the quality of housing; 2. The concept of road network development; 3. The concept of waste handling; 4. The concept of clean water treatment; 5. The concept of wastewater treatment plants.

ГЕРМАНИЯ И УРЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ПРИДНЕСТРОВСКОГО КОНФЛИКТА

<i>In recent years Germany&#39;s foreign policy has undergone significant changes. German policymakers are mainly focusing on strengthening the European Union political unity and enhancing its influence. In this regard, relations with the CEE countries and the former Soviet republics have become crucial. Russia is no longer considered to be Germany&rsquo;s &ldquo;strategic partner&rdquo; and is now seen in Berlin as one of the risks to the European security. </i> <i>Germany seeks to take more responsibility for what is happening both inside and outside the EU. Since 2009, Berlin has been making efforts to resolve the Transnistrian conflict. In 2016, German policymakers managed to resume the negotiations interrupted 10 years earlier and achieve tangible results. Chisinau and Tiraspol have implemented the five points of the Berlin Protocol: settled the problems of vehicle registration and license plates for international transportation; reached an agreement regarding the possession of agricultural land in the left Bank area; ensured the functioning of the Latin-script schools in Transnistria; initiated the apostilization of the Transniestrian University diplomas and the opening of a bridge across the Dniester River. Further implementation of these points will create basic conditions for the final settlement of the conflict.</i> <i>The article analyses the reasons than caused the Transnistrian conflict to attract close attention of German policymakers. The author reveals the connection of Germany&#39;s interest in the Transnistrian settlement with the tradition of the &ldquo;new Eastern policy&rdquo; laid down by V. Brandt, as well as with Germany&#39;s increased ambitions to act as a EU informal leader in security matters. A special focus is given to the history of the issue, the causes of the ongoing unresolved conflict and the analysis of German actions aimed at resolving the contradictions in Transnistria.</i> &nbsp; <i>About author: </i> <i>Ekaterina V. SHUMITSKAYA, Cand. Sci. (Polit. Sci.), Senior Researcher</i><i>, Sector of Political </i><i>Aspects</i><i> of European Integration, Department of European Political Studies</i><i>.</i>

Rurality, ruins and archives: mapping the architectural history of the Greek countryside.

What remains unexamined and undervalued in the Greek landscape, are the extreme and abandoned limits of the small non-metropolitan regional areas. At the limits of Greek cities, we can identify a great dispersion, a marginal instability, states of transition and deposition. The architectural and planning policies of the Greek state, through the modernistic period, have set a significant number of traces on the rural part of the country. These traces on the countryside, can only be recorded and historically analysed through systematic approach and subjective mapping, such as the methodology of oral history promotes. The landscape of the lowlands of Thessaly is selected as a paradigm of a changing reality, where one can see and recognize a number of exemplary transformations and specificities. The resettlement phenomenon of the mountain populations in Karditsa region, which was affected by the reclamation infrastructure of the 1960s (construction of Megdova dam), is the springboard for a dispersion of new residential settlements in the lowlands. This relocation process had a significant impact on the transformation of the rural landscape of Thessaly, as well as on the social life of the countryside. The architectural and historical research is motivated from the current ruin condition of these promising residential settlements on the countryside of Thessaly and systematically examines the policies that lead from the construction of Megdova dam to these abandoned traces on the landscape. The methodology of this research is based on an ongoing microhistorical archive which aims to raise microhistory as the main interpretation tool. Composed by oral testimonies, historical sources, state documents, blueprints and other official recordings, this microhistorical archive will be able to map andinterpret the architectural, topological and social history of these modernistic interventions on the countryside of Thessaly.

Environmental Conditions of Settlement of the Danubian Communities in the Northern Foreland of the Sandomierz Upland

The article raises the issue of the nature, intensity and environmental conditions of the settlement processes occurring on the borderline of the loessic Sandomierz Upland and the sandy-clay areas of the Ilza Foothills, between the end of 6th and the beginning of the 4th millennia BC. The results of previously conducted research confirm the high settlement activity in these areas, throughout the period of development of the Danubian cultural groups. The obtained data document the phenomenon of the formation and functioning of the early-agricultural settlement centres in upland areas, located outside the range of compact loess cover, i.e. within ecological and landscape zones that diverge from the basic preferences of the Danubian communities, inhabiting the upland areas of the upper Vistula basin.

Typology of Bajo Tribe Settlement in North Maluku

This study aims to identify the typology of settlement and analyses spatial pattern, infrastructure and settlement conditions by literary review and field observation. The results show that the largest of Bajo Tribe Settlement in north Maluku is located in Kayou District of South Halmahera with the 2609 population in 2016 in Laluin and 1071 in Posi-posi Villages. Typology of settlements is almost similar in both villages; during the period of 1970-1990, the settlements was deployed on shallow and potential coastal area, but in period 1990 until now, several houses is deployed on mainland area due to change of living from a fisherman to civil servant, businessmen, dealer, etc. House condition consists of three categories: traditional or temporary dwelling, semi-permanent, and permanent house. The back and below of house is used for boat mooring and storing equipment because it is easy in maintenance. A house around the main road of settlement is generally developed to permanent house with wall made of brick or zinc made of concrete and roof. However, the pattern of settlements is different; linear in Posi-posi and circular in Laluin village because it is influenced by the condition of the shallow area.

Building Task Concepts of the Vernacular Settlement in Tamkesi Village

Tamkesi village in Timor Island is a vernacular village designed and constructed by the local people based on local wisdom and knowledge. The Tamkesi settlement was developed on the basis of culture of Southern Biboki ancestral traditions, either in terms of the order of space outside the building or the order of space inside the building. The mass building of Tamkesi people contains 6 masses, either occupancy masses or non-occupancy masses. Tamkesi vernacular settlement is very significant to be analyzed because of the phenomenon of its local wisdom concept. This research, therefore, was focused on the process and concept of building task architecture. Such concept is believed to contribute to today’s architectural designs. This study used literature review and field notes as its methodology. The employed reading tool in this study is based on the relationships which exist in function-form-meaning of vernacular architecture. The building task analysis was used as an identification tool of a concept which influences function-form-meaning of a case study. The result indicates that the building task of the study object is a phenomenological concept of the existence of a vernacular settlement which has been survived until this time based on the local natural condition and social symbol of cultural settlement. The contribution of the process to discover the concept of building task of Tamkesi vernacular architecture is the understanding about the value of culture and the symbols of tradition as the concept of local identity of today’s architecture.

Rehabilitasi Perumahan dan Permukiman Swadaya Penunjang Wisata Berbasis Kelayakan Huni di Pesisir Pantai Tanjung Bayang Makassar

The development of the function of private homes into rental homes in the coast of Tanjung Bayang tends not to pay attention to the standards of building feasibility and life eligibility for residents. This study aims to explain the physical condition of self-help housing and settlement to support tourism related to life feasibility on the coast of Tanjung Bayang Makassar. The data used are primary data that obtained from observations, interviews, literature reviews, laws on housing and settlements and data from the statistical center of the city of Makassar. Data analysis uses qualitative, quantitative and comparative descriptive. Data is presented in the form of numerical values ​​on a continuum scale and calculation of percentages in frequency tables using the IPA method. The results of the study show that the conditions of the self-help housing and settlement in the coast of Tanjung Bayang Makassar has not fulfilled the requirements as a decent tourist residence. The safety aspects of the house buildings, space and window opening areas, as well as the completeness of facilities and infrastructure, such as the installation of electricity networks, availability of clean water, drainage facilities, landfills, and sewage systems are not according to the standards of eligibility for life and visit. The proposed rehabilitation concept includes the direction of the concept of structure and material of the house conctruction, space and window opening area and the utility and sanitation.&#x0D; &#x0D;

Community mapping condition of settlements in Kelurahan Keputih

Based on UU No. 1 Tahun 2011 about Housing and settlements, housing is a group home that serves as a neighborhood of residence or a residential environment that is equipped with facilities and infrastructure environment. Complementary facilities and infrastructure of the settlement area of the need for planning and controlling development. Community Mapping as a means of mapping activity alongside the community tools and methods is an approach already and are being developed in Indonesia. Discussion of the problems of settlements, villages and infrastructure in Kelurahan Keputih will be done socializing with Community Mapping methods with simple mapping through community participation. The problems of the existing housing in Kelurahan Keputih more inclined on the condition of the infrastructure that is not good that are not ready to drink, roads damaged, dirty, drainage and sanitation activities on the river that can trigger environmental pollution. These adverse conditions occur at the slum which is in RW 1, 2, and 8. The priority RW 2 and 8 to handle in terms of fulfillment and settlement infrastructure improvements due to lack of coverage.

섬 정주여건 저해요인 구조분석을 통한 섬 재생사업의 방향성에 관한 연구 - 신안군 자은도를 사례로 -

섬 정주여건 저해요인 구조분석을 통한 섬 재생사업의 방향성에 관한 연구 - 신안군 자은도를 사례로 -

Serial Labor Migration: Precarity and Itinerancy among Filipino and Indonesian Domestic Workers

This article examines the mobility patterns of migrant domestic workers in the United Arab Emirates. It identifies and explains the emergence of serial labor migration, which we define as the multi-country, itinerant labor migration patterns of temporary low-skilled migrant workers. It argues that policy contexts shaping temporary labor migration, as they impose precarious and prohibitive conditions of settlement in both countries of origin and destination, produce the itinerancy of low-skilled migrant workers. We offer a holistic analysis of the migration process of temporary labor migrants, shifting away from a singular focus on the process of emigration, integration, or return and toward an examination of each stage as a co-constitutive step in the migration cycle. Our analytic approach enables us to illustrate the state of precarity and itinerancy that follows low-wage migrant workers across the various stages of the migration cycle and produces serial migration patterns among migrant domestic workers from the Philippines and Indonesia.

Страховые выплаты за счет средств пенсионных накоплений в обязательном пенсионном страховании: каковы основания и условия назначения?

Страховые выплаты за счет средств пенсионных накоплений в обязательном пенсионном страховании: каковы основания и условия назначения?

CRISIS AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION AS AN INSTRUMENT OF EU-UKRAINE SECURITY COOPERATION

Cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the field of security constitutes an important part of bilateral relations since declaration of Ukraine’s independence. Interaction in the field of crises resolution and creating conditions for the peaceful settlement of conflict is one of the dimensions of the cooperation development. According to the documents it’s stated that there was the mutual interest of the parties to develop this aspect of cooperation, which, however, was based on different motives. Ukraine sought to use this tool to strengthen its international position. Meanwhile the EU was guided by the idea that cooperation might become a mechanism for spreading the principles of democracy and good governance in order to achieve stability and guarantee security in the region. At the same time, the article argues that dualism of interaction between Ukraine and the EU in this area takes place. On the one hand, the EU plays a role of crisis manager to settle the critical situations that have appeared on the territory of the Ukrainian state. On the other hand, representatives of Ukraine successfully participate in missions and operations of the European Union aimed to resolve crises and conflicts. In the first case, the approach of Brussels and the EU’s contribution to resolving such crisis like the process of nuclear disarmament of Ukraine, the events of Maidan in 2004, the political crisis in late 2013, and the Russian-Ukrainian conflict are analyzed. The other side of cooperation is viewed in the context of Ukraine’s participation in the EU special missions, for example, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Moldova, Georgia. In addition, an attention is paid to an intensification of defense cooperation, which is recognized an important aspect of stabilizing the situation in Ukraine as well as a significant part of interaction in the context of the Global Strategy for the European Union’s Foreign and Security Policy implementation. The factors that influence the prospects for further cooperation are studied as well. It is noted that the main obstacles to rise up the effectiveness of cooperation are certain limitations of the capabilities of both Ukraine and the EU. However, it is emphasized that it is impossible to ensure the safety of EU citizens, a key priority of the current strategy of the Union, without restoring the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine.

Blockchain-Based Settlement for Asset Trading

Can securities be settled on a blockchain and, if so, what are the gains relative to existing settlement systems? We consider a blockchain that ensures delivery-vs-payment by linking transfers of assets with payments and operates via a Proof-of-Work protocol. The main benefit of a blockchain is faster and more flexible settlement, whereas the challenge is to avoid settlement fails when participants fork the chain to get rid of trading losses. To deter forking, the blockchain needs to restrict settlement speed through block size and block time in order to generate sufficient transaction fees which finance costly mining. We show that large enough trading volume, sufficiently strong preferences for fast settlement and limited trade size and risk are necessary conditions for blockchain-based settlement to be feasible. Despite mining being a deadweight cost, our estimates based on the market for US corporate debt show that gains from moving to faster and more flexible settlement are in the range of 1-4 bps relative to existing legacy settlement systems.