Navigation Conditions Research Articles

BeeAR: Augmented Reality Beeline Navigation for Spatial Knowledge Acquisition

Navigation assistance systems have become integral to our daily routines, helping us to find our way through unfamiliar environments. However, their use may come at a price, as empirical evidence suggests a potentially harmful impact of these systems on our spatial abilities, including the acquisition of spatial knowledge. This could be remedied by giving users more freedom and involving them in the decision-making process. Therefore, we present a navigation system that combines augmented reality and Beeline Navigation (BeeAR). Here, the location of the destination is overlaid with a digital landmark and permanently displayed to the user via a visual, translucent AR display (without a map). Since the digital content is integrated into the real world, no mapping between the device and reality is required, potentially lowering the workload. Making one's own decisions along the route is expected to increase engagement with the environment, leading to increased acquisition of spatial knowledge. We compare BeeAR with findings from a previous study comparing Free Choice Navigation (FCN) and Turn-by-Turn (TBT) navigation conducted along the same routes on the outskirts of Vienna, Austria. Although BeeAR and FCN do not provide users with a map, BeeAR users could better retrace the walked route and remembered more points of interest along the route than FCN users. Participants of all three navigation conditions achieved a high configuration similarity between drawn points of interest and their true locations, albeit only one navigation condition included a map.

An overview of scholarly literature on navigation hazards in Arctic shipping routes.

Maritime transport plays a crucial role in international trade. As the number and tonnage of ships continue to increase, traditional shipping routes are becoming progressively congested. The development of Arctic shipping routes has the potential to significantly improve trade efficiency and decrease reliance on traditional shipping routes. At the same time, the harsh navigation conditions in the Arctic pose a huge challenge to ships crossing the Arctic shipping routes. To address the above issues, this paper reviews the natural, navigational environment and unique navigational modes of ships in the Arctic shipping routes. Furthermore, the navigational risks caused by factors including low temperature, sea ice, poor visibility, communication, lack of infrastructure, lack of navigational experience, lack of historical data, high collision risk, and complex navigational environment are summarized and analyzed, providing a reference for researchers and policymakers to conduct research related to Arctic shipping routes.

ARTIFICIAL SAND BYPASS SYSTEMS: FIXED, MOBILE, AND MIXED SYSTEMS

This paper describes a feasibility study of large scale, sand bypassing solutions at Aveiro and Figueira da Foz tidal inlets, undertaken for the Portuguese Environment Agency (APA). Aveiro and Figueira da Foz are existing river ports where breakwaters constructed to maintain navigable entrances have resulted in excess updrift accretion and severe downdrift erosion. These entrances require ongoing dredging and cause dangerous navigation conditions, especially for smaller vessels. The study showed that large-scale sand bypassing systems can restore the stability of shorelines on high-energy coastlines, based on the success of fixed sand bypassing systems, such as in East Australia.

Development of a small-sized tanker with reduced greenhouse gas emission under in-service condition based on CFD simulation

In the present study, the hull form and appendage of a 6.5 k DWT tanker was improved to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the in-service navigation condition. The conventional hull form of the 6.5 k DWT tanker has been designed in terms of performance in the ideal condition of a calm-sea. On the contrary, the performance of a ship in the in-service condition should take the added resistance due to wind and waves in the real sea into consideration. In order to reduce the added resistance due to waves, the bow hull form was modified to have a sharper entrance with increased length between perpendiculars. This was intended to ensure that the waves follow the curved bow surface more smoothly, thereby reducing the added resistance due to waves. The stern hull form was also modified to have V-shaped section shapes to reduce viscous pressure resistance. In addition, the flow control fins were optimized in terms of position and angle of attack. The added resistance of the resulting hull form was then analyzed numerically in regular wave with a varying wavelength ratio λ/Lpp=0.5∼2.0. The added resistance in regular waves was subsequently integrated with respect to the wavelength to obtain the added resistance in irregular waves. Finally, by combining it with the sea state occurrence probability, the daily fuel oil consumption (DFOC) was able to be calculated for the actual in-service routes for the tanker. The entire process of hull form modification and evaluation was conducted with free-surface CFD simulation in the presence of regular waves. A series of model tests was undertaken to confirm the improvements of the optimal hull form over the original in terms of performance in waves as well as calm-sea performance. The resulting DFOC and daily CO2 emissions for the optimal hull form in the in-service conditions was found to be reduced by 14.8%. Furthermore, the calm-sea DFOC and CO2 emissions were also improved by 15.6%.

Study of a hull form optimization system based on a Gaussian process regression algorithm and an adaptive sampling strategy, Part II: Multi-objective optimization

Ships have a wide variety of performance specifications and experience complex navigation conditions. Thus, an efficient numerical optimization system for general hull forms must be able to deal with multi-objective optimization problems. Based on a Gaussian process regression (GPR) algorithm and an adaptive sampling strategy, the authors have developed a single-objective optimization system, SBO-MSE + LCB, which is more efficient than the conventional simulation-based design (SBD) optimization system. However, the application of this system to hull form multi-objective optimization problems presents problems such as excessive new samplings, insufficient exploration of new sample points, and unsuitable convergence criteria. To solve the above problems, we first propose an adaptive sampling strategy based on the idea of spatial clustering. The strategy not only effectively controls the number of sampling numbers at each iteration in the SBO-MSE + LCB optimization system but also enables new sample points to achieve the multi-objective efficient exploration of optimal solution sets for optimization. Then, from the perspective of the convergence and diversity of Pareto optimal solution sets, we design adaptive sampling convergence criteria suitable for multi-objective optimization problems. Based on this, we enable the SBO-MSE + LCB optimization system to solve multi-objective optimization problems and verify its applicability with several cases for which the multi-objective mathematical optimization is performed. Finally, we use the SBO-MSE + LCB multi-objective optimization system and the SBD optimization system to optimize the total resistance coefficient of a deep-sea aquaculture vessel at the scantling and ballast drafts. The results show that the optimization efficiency of the SBO-MSE + LCB multi-objective optimization system is improved by 33.33% from the SBD optimization system for similar optimization performance, proving its advantage in efficiency in practical applications.

Experimental study on the influence of fluid motion on hull resistance in stepped moonpool

A series of model tests are carried out to explore the influence of fluid motion on the hull resistance in the non-resonant state of the moonpool. The variations in total hull resistance under various wavelengths, wave steepness, and speed conditions are investigated based on regular waves. Considering the three navigational conditions of low speed (Fr=0.097), medium speed (Fr=0.13), and high speed (Fr=0.162). The two incident wave frequencies are consistent with the moonpool piston and the sloshing mode, respectively. In order to ascertain the effect of fluid motion on hull resistance in the non-resonant state of the moonpool, a new damping device is designed to reduce the amplitude of the fluid motion response and dissipate the energy of fluid motion in the moonpool. The variations of fluid motion response and hull resistance with and without a damping device in the moonpool are compared and analyzed. It can be discovered that vortex structure in the moonpool has a significant effect on the hull's additional resistance. During the test conditions of λ/LPP=0.46, the average added resistance effect of the moonpool in the case of Fr=0.097 is 5.76%; in the case of Fr=0.13, it is 7.23%; and in the case of Fr=0.162, it is 17.33%. The average decreases in fluid motion response amplitude in the moonpool are 54.52%, 62.8%, and 72.55%, respectively. Under the conditions of λ/LPP=1.43, the average added resistance effect of the moonpool in the case of Fr=0.13 is 8.7%, and in the case of Fr=0.162, it is 12.48%. The average decreases in fluid motion response amplitude in the moonpool are 15.10% and 43.70%, respectively. With the dissipation of the vortex structure and the decrease of the fluid motion response in the moonpool, the total resistance of the hull is also reduced. This study will provide a reference for the green and energy-saving design of drilling ships.

Analysis of the existing regulations on certification and training of autonomous vessels operators

The development of autonomous navigation has reached a stage where the issue of creating a system for training specialists in the field of autonomous ship management and developing a regulatory framework that defines the requirements for methodological, personnel and logistical support for such training arises. A brief analysis of the available bibliographic sources on the topic of training operators of autonomous vessels is presented. The requirements of the procedures for the training and certification of autonomous ships operators contained in three regulatory documents published to date such as Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships. Principles and Code of Practice of the British Marine Industry Association, Regulations for the Classification of Offshore Autonomous and Remotely Operated Surface Vessels of the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping and Norwegian Register Standard are considered. A list of basic competencies necessary for the management of autonomous vessels has been formed. A significant part of the knowledge, skills and abilities that make up these competencies are acquired at the stage of training under programs for obtaining a professional seafarer diploma at the management level. The competencies of the autonomous vessel operator are formed on the basis of maritime competencies by adding additional knowledge, skills and abilities that reflect the specifics of the serviced autonomous vessels, equipment and apparatus used in a particular remote control center and navigation conditions in the serviced area. Additional competencies of the operator are largely related to other specialties (IT specialists, electromechanics, radio specialists). In the future, within the framework of the international regulation carried out by the IMO, in the training of autonomous ships operators, the approach underlying the training of ship traffic control systems operators can be used.

Significant Development Potential of the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell for the Technical Progress of the Marine Main Propulsion Plant in the Context of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has proposed a series of strict pollutant emission regulations and carbon emission reduction targets, and the shipping industry is seeking new types of the marine main propulsion plant with advantages of high-efficiency and low-emission. Among the possible alternatives, the marine electric propulsion technology whose electric power source is fuel cell has gained sufficient attentions. At present, the worldwide research of the marine applications for fuel cell supplying propulsion power focuses more on the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with low power instead of other types of fuel cell, and a series of research projects have achieved concrete results such as the industrialized marine fuel cell system or practical demonstration application. But the development trends of the application of the marine fuel cell supplying propulsion power are from the small boat to the great ship, from the navigating zone with low environmental complexity such as coastal water, inland waters to the ocean with complex navigation conditions. Thus, the power demand of the marine fuel cell in the future will show steady growth, which will create more development opportunities for the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with the advantages of higher power, greater efficiency, long life span and fuel diversity. Although some challenges exist, the solid oxide fuel cell with significant development potential can certainly lead the technical progress of the marine main propulsion plant in the context of energy conservation and emission reduction.

A multi-objective optimisation strategy for ice navigation under ship safety-following scenarios

Shipping activities in the Northern Sea Route (NSR) are increasing. However, due to the complex sea ice conditions, ships still need assistance of icebreakers when sailing through most Arctic waters. Icebreaker escort operations are important to ensure the safe passage of ships through ice-covered waters, but the speed of following ships will be limited, thus creating challenges for NSR sailing economics and emission reduction issues. Optimizing the sailing speed of following ships can reduce NSR ship emissions and improve navigation economy while safeguarding their sailing safety. In this paper, a green, economical and safe optimization approach under ship-following navigation has been developed by drawing on similarities with the car-following phenomenon. Then, three ship-following scenarios are designed for simulating the actual ice navigation conditions. Finally, a cost-eco-efficiency multi-objective optimisation model for ice navigation is established, and the performance of the proposed model is demonstrated by the navigation case of “Tian You”. The results show that the proposed model can effectively reduce navigation costs and control navigation emissions while ensuring navigation safety. This study also demonstrates that there is still room for a 20% improvement in the optimised speed and a 4.8% reduction in the ship-following distance compared to the actual situation.

Ecological and navigational impact of the construction and operation of the Qingyuan dam

Dam construction has important impact on the ecological environment and navigation conditions of a river. Therefore, evaluating the degree of impact of such engineering constructions and seeking the optimum management are vital. This study considered the example of the construction of the Qingyuan Dam on the Beijiang River (China). The flow condition was calculated using a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and a habitat suitability model and navigation risk indicators were used to conduct quantitative assessment of the impact of different scenarios. The spawning ground habitat of Megalobrama terminalis was taken as an ecological measurement index. The gray correlation analysis method was used to quantify the influence of four flow indexes (i.e., water surface slope, backflow, flow velocity, and water depth) on navigation safety. The simulation results showed that construction of the Qingyuan Dam had serious negative impact on the ecological environment in the dry season, but that dry season navigation conditions have been improved greatly. Following construction of the dam, with increase in the Feilaixia Hydro-junction discharge, the ecological and navigable usable area both first increased and then decreased. With comprehensive consideration of the usable area and the spatial distributions of habitat suitability and navigation risk, when the Feilaixia Hydro-junction discharge is 3000 m3/s and the water level in front of the Qingyuan Dam is 10 m, the ecological and navigation benefits of the studied river reach were determined to be optimal. These research results could provide guidance for the management of the Feilaixia–Qingyuan river section, and help deliver optimum ecological and navigational benefits.

СВЯЗИ МЕЖГОДОВЫХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ЛЕДЯНОГО ПОКРОВА И УРОВНЕЙ В ЗАЛИВАХ КАРСКОГО МОРЯ ДЛЯ ЗИМНИХ МЕСЯЦЕВ

The paper aims to put forward and check the hypothesis that interannual variations in the monthly means of sea ice thickness and concentration in the Kara Sea gulfs from November to March can be significantly influenced by variations in their sea levels. Some areas of the Gulf of Ob, Yenisei, Baidarata and Gydan gulfs are considered. The areas where such influence was really observed in 1993-2019 are identified. It is suggested that with further warming of the Arctic climate, the total extent of such areas will grow, and consideration of the revealed relationships will provide more precise prediction of changes in ice and navigation conditions in these gulfs.

Учет сезонности и маршрутов плавания для обеспечения аварийно-спасательных работ в акватории Севморпути

Development of the navigation in the Arctic basin in the changed geopolitical conditions is a national task, the solution of which ensures an uncomplicated, and in some cases, more economical access of the Russian products to the Asian markets. The transition to year-round navigation determines the development of new routes in the eastern sector of the Northern Sea Route, as well as the expansion of the navigation window. The condition for the development of navigation, both seasonal and year-round, is to ensure its safety. This applies both to the own navigation of ships and the ability of emergency rescue teams to provide their vessels with easy access to all the sections of shipping routes. The analysis was carried out concerning the ice classes of the existing and under construction emergency rescue fleet of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Morspassluzhba» of the ice classes Arc5, Icebreaker6 and Icebreaker7. It was concluded that in accordance with the current Rules for navigation in the waters of the Northern Sea Route they have significant restrictions on independent work. Emergency rescue vessels of the Arctic ice class Arc5 cannot conduct independent operations in the winter-spring period in the eastern sector of the Northern Sea Route in the medium type of ice conditions (in the heavy type of ice conditions, their navigation is completely prohibited), requiring icebreaking support. Ice class vessels Icebreaker6 (as well as the most powerful multifunctional emergency rescue vessel of the project IBSV02 of ice class Icebreaker7) cannot perform independent operations in case of heavy type of ice conditions. To carry out rescue operations, they will need the support of nuclear-powered icebreakers of ice class Icebreaker8 and Icebreaker9 or diesel icebreakers Icebreaker8, for which there are no restrictions on navigation in the waters of the Northern Sea Route. During the period of the most difficult navigation conditions (winter-spring period), it is proposed to place emergency rescue teams on the linear icebreakers, not only nuclear, but also diesel icebreakers of the Icebreaker8 of ice class, as well as their use as jumping helicopter platforms for conducting emergency rescue operations.

Optimizing Energy Management and Case Study of Multi-Energy Coupled Supply for Green Ships

The ship industry is currently facing numerous challenges, including rising fuel prices, limited fuel resources, and increasingly strict regulations related to energy efficiency and pollutant emissions. In this context, the adoption of green-ship wind–photovoltaic–electricity–fuel multi-energy supply systems has emerged as an efficient and clean technology that harnesses multiple energy sources. These systems have the potential to increase the utilization of renewable energy in ship operations while optimizing management practices in order to enhance overall energy efficiency. To address these challenges, this article presents a comprehensive energy supply system for ships that integrates multi-energy sources for cold–heat–electricity supply. The primary components of this system include fuel cells, photovoltaic equipment, wind turbines, electric heating pumps, electric refrigerators, thermal refrigerators, batteries, and heat storage tanks. By ensuring the safety of the system, our approach aims to minimize daily operating costs and optimize the performance of the multi-energy flow system by running scheduling models. To achieve this, our proposed system utilizes dynamic planning techniques combined with ship navigation conditions to establish an optimized management model. This model facilitates the coordinated distribution of green ship electricity, thermal energy, and cooling loads. The results of our study demonstrate that optimized management models significantly reduce economic costs and improve the stability of energy storage equipment. Specifically, through an analysis of the economic benefits of power storage and heat storage tanks, we highlight the potential for reducing fuel consumption by 6.0%, 1.5%, 1.4%, and 2.9% through the use of electric–thermal hybrid energy storage conditions.

Dynamic performance simulation of combined gas electric and steam power plants for cruise-ferry ships

This work aims at investigating the feasibility of COmbined Gas Electric and Steam (COGES) plants onboard Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) fueled ships, by means of a novel, flexible tool. Firstly, the nominal operating conditions of 6 commercially available gas turbines (GTs) as well as their dynamic performance are simulated. Secondly, 6 different integrated COGES-reciprocating engine power plants are assembled and compared in terms of cogeneration efficiency within an optimized repowering study for the cruise-ferry ship GNV La Suprema. The optimization accounts for variable ship speed, season and GT control strategy for an overall number of 264 operating conditions considered. Thirdly, the time-dependent performance of the best COGES plant is assessed under actual navigation conditions for La Suprema. Overall, the results show the great potential of combining COGES plants with reciprocating engines for the marine sector. In particular, in the ship speed range centered around the actual cruise speed for La Suprema (i.e. 22 knots), all the COGES plants are able to cover the propulsion and hotel power demands more efficiently than reciprocating engines, with a 1–5 % benefit on cogeneration efficiency. Overall, a 51 % maximum cogeneration efficiency is found to be provided by COGES plants based on LM2500 and TITAN250 gas turbines.

Inland waterway cargo vessel energy efficiency in operation

Inland waterways vessels (IWV) have no mandatory regulations regarding their energy efficiency, as sea-going ships have. So far, there are just two proposed design energy efficiency evaluation methods, both based on IMO EEDI approach and data on EU inland navigation. Operational indicators and real-time navigation measurements from available literature do not exist. Therefore, this paper aims to introduce the energy efficiency in operation (EEO), assessed for the typical Danube cargo vessel. Firstly, an operational profile is acquired by tracking the vessel’s voyages, and by identifying actual constraints of each sector the vessel has sailed during the designated time. Secondly, EEO is incorporated within two available methods and calculated based on acquired operational data considering different navigational conditions. The paper shows how the energy efficiency vastly depends on variables such as water depth, current speed, draught, deadweight, river constraints. Analysis is performed for the most employed month of the vessel navigation, and annually. Depending on water level scenarios and during the selected month of sailing, the total amount of CO2 emitted is estimated to be between 22.7 t and 29.9 t, while the necessary average speed reduction (i.e., slow steaming) per sectoral voyage for the requirement compliance is calculated to be in between 4.8%-26%. Slow steaming is assessed to extend the time of voyage for 6.1-10.7 hours on monthly basis and 49-87 hours annually.

Navigational safety at risk: The impact of sand Mining in a key waterway in China

AbstractThe Caowei River is an important part of the planned high‐grade waterway network in China. Since 2016, the deterioration in the navigation flow conditions of the Xiangshuikan reach has made traveling upstream through the waterway more difficult for ships and raised emerging navigation safety concerns. To better understand the causes of the deterioration in the waterway navigation conditions after 2016, we examined the topographic and hydrological changes of the Caowei River and investigated the navigable flow conditions of the Xiangshuikan reach. The results showed that the Caowei River has generally been scoured since 2006 due to sediment depletion and that the dramatic riverbed downcutting (15.47 m in the deepest cut of thalweg elevation) in the Xiangshuikan reach was likely caused by illegal sand mining which extracted the fine sand underlying the clay overburden in this segment and led to the formation of two extremely large steep headcuts. It was found that a large water surface gradient, rapid flow velocity, and disordered flow pattern occurred near the larger upstream headcut during the low‐water‐level period, which made ship navigation more challenging. In 2019, the measured maximum local water surface gradient and maximum flow velocity reached 3.97‰ and 3.28 m/s, respectively. Additionally, the increase in the low flow at Caowei station and the decrease in the low water level at Lujiao station further aggravated the navigation conditions of the Xiangshuikan reach. These findings reveal the considerable complexity of the response of the channel navigation flow conditions to the topographic and hydrological changes in the lake area, providing valuable information for channel regulation and river management in the Dongting Lake area and other rivers.

Robust Autonomous Vehicle Computer-Vision-Based Localization in Challenging Environmental Conditions

In this paper, we present a novel autonomous vehicle (AV) localization design and its implementation, which we recommend to employ in challenging navigation conditions with a poor quality of the satellite navigation system signals and computer vision images. In the case when the GPS signal becomes unstable, other auxiliary navigation systems, such as computer-vision-based positioning, are employed for more accurate localization and mapping. However, the quality of data obtained from AV’s sensors might be deteriorated by the extreme environmental conditions too, which infinitely leads to the decrease in navigation performance. To verify our computer-vision-based localization system design, we considered the Arctic region use case, which poses additional challenges for the AV’s navigation and might employ artificial visual landmarks for improving the localization quality, which we used for the computer vision training. We further enhanced our data by applying affine transformations to increase its diversity. We selected YOLOv4 image detection architecture for our system design, as it demonstrated the highest performance in our experiments. For the computational platform, we employed a Nvidia Jetson AGX Xavier device, as it is well known and widely used in robotic and AV computer vision, as well as deep learning applications. Our empirical study showed that the proposed computer vision system that was further trained on the dataset enhanced by affine transformations became robust regarding image quality degradation caused by extreme environmental conditions. It was effectively able to detect and recognize images of artificial visual landmarks captured in the extreme Arctic region’s conditions. The developed system can be integrated into vehicle navigation facilities to improve their effectiveness and efficiency and to prevent possible navigation performance deterioration.

МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ДИНАМІЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ ДОВКІЛЛЯ ПІД ЧАС РУХУ СУДНА З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ РІС ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

Remote methods of Earth’s surface research have become widely used in the 21st century, as they allow for a larger and more comprehensive observation area. These methods can provide valuable information about various Earth objects and phenomena, such as the changes in bottom topography in shallow water under navigation conditions. This article presents a novel approach to forecasting these changes by using natural processes as indicators and developing programs that can track and display them on electronic devices. The article introduces the concept of “scale factor” to determine the significance of different dynamic processes for the research, depending on their spatial and temporal dimensions. The article also proposes a dynamic map modelling method that can predict the siltation of the sea/river bottom for a given period of time and improve the model by comparing the forecast with the actual result. The article suggests that research should take into account the changes in the object over time and under the influence of various factors in a dynamic way. Based on the research, we draw the following conclusions: 1. The “scale factor” should be applied in dynamic navigation map research and compilation using different-scale data of the water surface and bottom topography; 2. A dynamic component should be added to the information block of the navigation cartographic systems ECDIS and Inland ECDIS, enabling the navigator to see the position of the vessel, taking into account the wave height relative to the bottom in real time; 3. The methods of parallel bottom topography transferring rely only on the data of statistical observations using iterations. These methods usually work well on sandy and silty soils, where the relief has clear wave-like forms, as well as frequent external influences following the main general direction. Keywords: RIS, dynamic processes, "scale factor", "chart dynamic model", ECDIS.

Parameter Prediction of the Non-Linear Nomoto Model for Different Ship Loading Conditions Using Support Vector Regression

Significant changes in the load of cargo ships make it difficult to simulate and control their motion. In this work, a parameter prediction method for a ship maneuvering motion model is developed based on parameter identification and support vector regression (SVR). First, the effects of least-squares (LS) and multi-innovation least-squares (MILS) parameter identification methods for the non-linear Nomoto model are investigated. The MILS method is then used to identify the parameters of the non-linear Nomoto model under various load conditions, and model training datasets are established. On this basis, SVR is used to predict the parameters of the non-linear Nomoto model. The results reveal that the MILS method converges faster than the LS method. The SVR method achieves lower accuracy than the MILS method, but exhibits reasonable prediction accuracy for zigzag motions, and the maneuvering motion model can be predicted as navigation conditions change.

Longitudinal Control Strategy for Connected Electric Vehicle with Regenerative Braking in Eco-Approach and Departure

The development of more sustainable urban transportation is prompting the need for better energy management techniques. Connected electric vehicles can take advantage of environmental information regarding the status of traffic lights. In this context, eco-approach and departure methods have been proposed in the literature. Integrating these methods with regenerative braking allows for safe, power-efficient navigation through intersections and crossroad layouts. This paper proposes rule- and fuzzy inference system-based strategies for a coupled eco-approach and departure regenerative braking system. This analysis is carried out through a numerical simulator based on a three-degree-of-freedom connected electric vehicle model. The powertrain is represented by a realistic power loss map in motoring and regenerative quadrants. The simulations aim to compare both longitudinal navigation strategies by means of relevant metrics: power, efficiency, comfort, and usage duty cycle in motor and generator modes. Numerical results show that the vehicle is able to yield safe navigation while focusing on energy regeneration through different navigation conditions.