Conditions Of Market Economy Research Articles

Brand as a challenge to corporate governance in the globalization process

The increasing expansion of globalization, largely changes and the current economic strategy and policy of companies. The aim of this paper is to show to the alarming the need to accede to the seriousness of the implementation of adequate marketing strategies, among which is dominant brand strategy and thus the strategic brand management. The pace of technological innovation and information technologies contribute to the intensity of communication and have an impact on competitiveness. Networking overcomes time and space and leads almost to the equalization consumer demands set by companies, or to brand loyalty. Modern conditions of market economy, changing business conditions and intense competition, dictate the lower limit of efficiency of business entities to survive in the market. Creation and development of the brand is the company's long-term investment because brand loyalty of consumers means focusing on achieving their satisfaction, which directly leads to strengthening competitiveness and thus improve financial results.

Selected Aspects of Slovac Republic Territorial Development Visions

Paper deals with urbanization development of Slovakia regarding the rate and degree of urbanization, chances of urban spaces use of cities surroundings as consider to land rent, approximation of territorial development legislation to the free market economy conditions, regional visions creations new methods and inevitable need of territorial information systems deepening and automation.

Regional Marketing as a Factor of Development of Russian Regions Under the Conditions of Market Economy

The author substantiates the necessity for using regional marketing for development of Russian regions under the conditions of market economy and provides tools of marketing mix for regional marketing. The author determines the sense of territorial marketing, distinguishes and views the elements of marketing mix of regional marketing. As a result of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that within regional marketing, a product is total resource potential of the region, i.e., advantages and possibilities of the region, with activities of regional authorities aimed at satisfaction of social needs of region’s population through organization and provision to population of the most important social services that are called collective goods. Lack of quantitative landmarks in the form of income is a problem for marketing of territories. An inseparable part of activities of regional authorities within regional marketing program of development of the territory is active advertising of this region as territory fit for private life of individual and organization of business objects. While functioning as a subject in the market, the region provides the consumers with services for satisfaction of individual and collective needs of various social groups of the region. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n1p223

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ КОРПОРАТИВНОЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ СИСТЕМИ НА ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОМУ ТРАНСПОРТІ

The article proves the necessity and importance of corporate information systems in the enterprise in the conditions of a dynamic market economy. It is proved that the corporate information system on transport should be viewed as a set of elements of the information system and its organizational, informational and legal support, by taking into account features of the organizational structure and the degree of centralization of management of its structural units. Considering the specificity of rail transport management offered at PJSC Ukrainian railway to distinguish 3 levels of formation of corporate information systems: a senior management level; the regional level of management of structural subdivisions, industrial transport enterprises and other enterprises and organizations; the level of separate departments and structural units within strategic business units.

CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERN MODELS AND SYSTEMS OF MANAGEMENT BY FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF ENTERPRISES

The article discusses and analyzes models and systems of management by financial and economic performance of enterprises in modern conditions of market economy. Such performance management concepts as spiral management model, management based on the organization of responsibility centers, the system of cost management, value-oriented management, the method of control that takes into account the life cycle of the organization and so on are investigated. The management by financial and economic performance of enterprises allows to use powerful set of instruments of modern systems and models of management, which use acquired experience and introduce principally new components into management system. Therefore the use of analyzed concepts of performance management is an effective means to achieve the mission and aims of enterprise activities.

Chinaas Market Economy Status Under WTO Antidumping Law after 2016

Paragraph 15(d) of China’s Accession Protocol provides that the provisions of subparagraph 15(a)(ii) shall expire in 2016. Subparagraph 15(a)(ii) permits the importing Member to derogate from a strict comparison with Chinese prices or costs when determining the normal value of the products if the producers under investigation cannot clearly show that Market Economy conditions prevail in the industry in question. While a respected commentator argues that, despite the stipulated expiration, the importing Member can still treat China as a Non-Market Economy and use alternative methodologies based on the remaining provisions in the chapeau, this paper takes a different view by analyzing the role and textual structure of paragraph 15(a) in light of the negotiation documents and relevant rulings of the Appellate Body in EC-Fasteners. It demonstrates that the expiry of subparagraph 15(a)(ii) in 2016 will have the same effect as the expiry of paragraph 15(a) as a whole. Thus, there will no longer be any legal basis in China’s Accession Protocol for the importing Member to derogate from a strict comparison with Chinese prices or costs after 2016. In this sense, the expiration of subparagraph 15(a)(ii) in effect bestows Market Economy Status on China.

Региональный маркетинг как фактор развития «Зеленой экономики» в регионах России в условиях рыночной экономики

Региональный маркетинг как фактор развития «Зеленой экономики» в регионах России в условиях рыночной экономики

Models of reliability and determination of acceptable periodicity of maintenance of ageing aircraft fleet

Mathematical models of aircraft maintenance are discussed in the paper. The first model is that of aircraft downtime, which is a function of the number of periodically performed technical operations. The second model is that of optimal maintenance periodicity to support airworthiness in conditions of providing a given level of aircraft reliability. The third model is an optimization model of aircraft maintenance costs and providing maximum profit in market economy conditions. Using the theory of differential equations as well as the theories of reliability and renewal formulae of calculating optimal allotted aircraft downtime during periodic technical operations aimed at supporting the airworthiness as well as the formulae of optimal maintenance periodicity, optimal number of maintenance operations and getting maximum profits from flight operations have been found. The proposed models are investigated with a view to specifying acceptable maintenance periodicity with regard for the cost-benefit ratio of aircraft maintenance and the possibility of using them to optimize the maintenance of the ageing fleet of civil aviation. The calculations made show the necessity of decreasing maintenance periodicity in order to optimize the servicing and efficient use of the aircraft ageing fleet.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЕКСЕРГОЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ТА ШЛЯХІВ ЕНЕРГОЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ КОНДИЦІЮВАННЯ ПОВІТРЯ ОПЕРАЦІЙНИХ ЧИСТИХ КІМНАТ

Nowadays for Ukraine the problem with saving energy resources is especially relevant in a conditions of market economy, where the main energy carriers, such as oil and gas, are limited. That’s why in the last decade with the aim of saving energy resources the fundamental researches of activity of different branches, manufactures and technologies from positions of exergy methodology are held abroad. Today cost estimates can’t be the only measure of effectiveness of energy equipment which recycles energy resources. Exergy is physical, not economical criterion and determines independence of this parameter from price fluctuations. The application of exergy allows to give objective assessment of energy resources of any type as it is the only measure of working capacity, applicability of energy resources. There are many examples of successful application of exergy methodology by technical and economical optimization in industry, especially in energy intensive branches. The minimum should be determined by exergy losses per unit of provided heat, not by financial costs. The analysis of exergy effectiveness of implemented central straight flow air conditioning system (ACS) for operating cleanrooms which was obtained on its innovative mathematical research model depending on different factors that have influence on its work was presented in this article, and ways of energy saving for this ACS was proposed. It was found that the biggest impact on exergy output-input ratio of its air conditioning system have the temperature difference between inside and supplied air in a room, temperature of inside air which is depends on temperature of outside air, and coefficient of transformation EER of chosen refrigeration machine of air conditioning system. It was shown that with the aim of energy saving the implemented air conditioning system should be preferably used at a higher temperature difference between inside and supplied air, for example, = 9,0°С (at any temperature of inside air) and at higher coefficient of transformation, for example = 4,0, which gives the opportunity to get the highest exergy output-input ratio , which means to get the most energy saving variant of exploitation of implemented air conditioning system.

PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN RUSSIA AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF AN INNOVATIVE ECONOMY

Institute of public-private partnership in the Russian Fede-ration is currently in its infancy and improvement by adapting international experience of cooperation between business and the state to domestic political-economic model, with its view of legal and regulatory features. The significance of this subject due to the international experience of the past decade suggests that a well-formed structure with the use of public-private partnerships to solve problems in the field of infrastructure and provision of public services, which is important for Russia because of the vast territory and low population density. Objective: To develop practical recommendations on the use of trans-promising forms of public-private partnerships in the innovation economy of Russia. Methodology: The development problems using various methodological approaches, including dialectical approach to the study of various phenomena and laws of development of socio-economic relations in the conditions of market economy; a set of techniques and methods of scientific knowledge of socio-economic phenomena and processes, among them – grouping method, comparison and synthesis, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, the system analysis. Conclusion: The article shows the main directions of development of public-private partnership in the Russian Federation. Practical recommendations on the use of advanced forms of public-private partnerships in innovation economy

Students` Learning Outcomes in Consumer Education in Elementary School

The global economic crisis and the current conditions of market economy require an intelligent, spiritually rich, open-minded, creative, educated, skilled individual who is able to offer himself/herself in the labour market and promote his/her consumer education and participation in society during the economic downturn. Each person faces the increasing diversity of decision making daily in both personal and public life as responsible citizens in a democratic society, effective participants of global economy, knowledgeable consumers, enterprising and productive workers and competent decision makers. The research is carried out within the framework of the PhD thesis "Essence of Consumer Education in Elementary School" that aims to analyze consumer education content within elementary education, pupils' needs in the field of consumer education and create the appropriate learning content. The paper analyzes pupils' learning outcomes in consumer education in the context of sustainability.

KONKRETYZACJA KATEGORII GOSPODARCZEJ ROZWOJU TRWAŁEGO

StreszczenieStale rosnące zainteresowanie paradygmatem rozwoju trwałego ze strony naukowców i całego społeczeństwa sprawia, że w dalszym ciągu utrzymują się trudności w precyzyjnym określeniu pojęcia, a nawet w ostatecznym uzgodnieniu obowiązującej terminologii. Nierozstrzygnięte pozostaje również wypracowanie sposobów wdrażania nowej idei przyszłego rozwoju, która bez szerokiego konsensusu w zakresie sposobów jej urzeczywistnienia pozostawać będzie jedynie w sferze rozważań naukowców.Zdaniem autora urzeczywistnienie rozwoju trwałego w jego gospodarczym wymiarze może nastąpić w warunkach społecznej gospodarki rynkowej. Przeprowadzone badania teoretyczne wskazują na istnienie w miarę wysokiego dopasowania współczesnej interpretacji reguł gospodarczych Waltera Euckena do zasad określających kategorię gospodarczą rozwoju trwałego. Zgodność ta została potwierdzona również empirycznie. Kraje, w których ustrój gospodarczy jest najbliższy ideałowi współczesnej społecznej gospodarki rynkowej, osiągają nie tylko dobre wyniki gospodarcze, ale zapewniają swoim społeczeństwom wysoką jakość życia.

Uwagi o kodeksowej regulacji dokonywania za pracodawcę czynności z zakresu prawa pracy

The aim of this text is to determine whether the evolution of Polish Labour code regulation of acting on behalf of an employer has reached the level which satisfies the requirements defined in a theory and practice of labour law. The author accepts the decision of the Polish legislator who abolished in 1996 the principle of one-man management in labour law relations. The above-mentioned principle did not correspond with market economy conditions which put an end to a domination of state in employment relations. The binding article 3¹ of Labour code has established a short general formula. The wording of this regulation makes possible a basic conformity with the rules laid down in Polish Civil Code which define an ability of a an employer to act in civil law relations. Labour code regulation preserves a necessary level of autonomy of the notion of acting on behalf of an employer. The above-mentioned autonomy is connected with the wide scope of employer’s acts in labour law relations and a particular notion of an employer treated as a organizational unit which need not be a legal person. On the other hand there are a few serious problems which arise from the present regulation and should be dissolved in a future Polish Labour code. In the author’s opinion there are some open questions such as the legal position of a person established by an employer to act on behalf of him and the relation between representation of an employer in labour law relations and in proceedings at law.

Development of internal trade in the conditions of the market economy

The article touches upon development trends of internal trade as the most important economic sector of the country in the conditions of market relations, current state thereof, problems and perspectives of functioning, which eventually affects as living standards of the population, as the production of goods and services, where destabilizing of the situation in the internal market may lead to a serious threat to the national security of the state.

Optimisations of the Cost and Structure of Created Investment Resources of an Entity Based on Financial Leverage Elements

The article demonstrates the author's method for cost and structure optimisation of created investment resources of an entity based on financial leverage tools for effective financing of real investments in case of development of an investment strategy for an entity development, namely: - Criteria of investments financing from line items of conservative, compromise, and aggressive approaches are determined using in the scheme of financing owner's capital, and also short-term and long-term loan fund capital; - Step-by-step creation of the financial performances considering industry specifics, scale of functioning of economic agents' activities is offered. Effective activities of the entities in long terms, ensuring high rates of their development and competitiveness increase in the conditions of market economy, are substantially determined by the level of their investment activity and the range of investing activities. One of the main tasks of forming the investment resources is the optimisation of their structure taking into account the profitability level and the investment risk. The optimisation of a capital structure by criterion of financial profitability level maximisation (profitability of the owner's capital) is reached by means of financial leverage mechanism. Profitability level maximisation for the capital considering the set level of financial risk is performed through the financial leverage, showing the use of borrowed funds by the entity. Carrying out complex calculations within the investment analysis with use of mechanisms of financial leverage allows determining the optimum structure of the created investment resources providing maximisation of the profitability level. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s3p303

MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES OF AN ELEMENT OF A PRODUCTION SYSTEM OF REGIONAL ECONOMY

At the present stage of development of the ship-repair enterprises of Murmansk region which is one of basic elements of a production system of regional economy, there was a requirement of training of the personnel to administrative approaches to the changes necessary for effective management for the purpose of achievement of goals. Modern management of the ship-repair enterprises inherited experience of development of the enterprises in a planned economy and method of managements of the common sense, developed during transition from a planned economy to the market. The carried-out questioning of heads of a number of the ship-repair enterprises showed that the majority (87% from among respondents) don't wait any changes though don't exclude their need but from whom changes they have to proceed don't know. Reasons of a similar situation following: – the current activity, at its intensity and dynamism, doesn't allow heads to be engaged strategic managements; – at the ship-repair enterprises in organizational structures there are no divisions or the experts who are engaged in innovative changes; – heads of the ship-repair enterprises have no theoretical knowledge and administrative culture. Therefore, in the conditions of market economy, the enterprise managed to survive only until changes of environment allowed to operate, being guided by a common sense method. In more serious situations there could be insuperable difficulties. In article actions for increase of administrative culture of heads of the ship-repair enterprises of Murmansk region that has to provide their successful development as an element of a production system of regional economy, will provide social and economic development of the region are offered.

ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT STATE ENTERPRISES OF ELECTRONIC INDUSTRY AND APPROACHES TO IMPROVE THE OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE

There is the radio-electronic complex and its value in national economy is described in this article. The characteristic of some economic indicators for 2010–2011 is provided. Also article contains the main conclusions of expanded meeting of heads of the enterprises of the radio-electronic industry from March 14, 2012. The great attention is given to questions of management by the industrial enterprise at qualitatively new level in the conditions of modern market economy. There is one of modern tools of an operational management is described and analysed. Proceeding from the above-stated, conclusions are drawn on an economic situation of this industry nowdays and mechanisms of increase of efficiency of activity of the enterprise are offered.

Factors that Influence Freedom of Speech and Self-censorship in Mass Media in Contemporary Russia

An attempt to define the degree of media freedom in contemporary Russia leads to contradiction between the declaration of the mass media freedom provided by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the Soviet Union heritage of unequivocal control of the press by the government, described by Siebert et al. (1984) as the Soviet-Communist Press Theory. The reason for this ambiguity could be explained by the great deal of different factors that exert an influence on the journalism, such as features of mass media legislation, governmental control of the media, the diversity of media ownership, sources of media incomes, and traditions of censorship in Russia. The current development of the media legislation in Russia shows no improvement regarding the freedom of speech. In the beginning of the third presidential term in 2012, Vladimir Putin has signed several laws that reduced the freedom of speech through the limitation of public assembly, criminalization of defamation in the mass media, and intensification of governmental censorship on the internet. On the other hand, the contemporary press freedom that appeared in conditions of the new market economy in the beginning of the 1990s has brought discredit as to the conception of an exclusively positive impact of unconditional freedom on the mass media since the newspapers, television and radio channels were controlled by several powerful oligarchs who used the owned mass media to spread and support their political influence. However, after the authorities’ reference in the 2000s the balance was not regained. As a result, the majority of the media outlets in Russia became co-owned or fully controlled by the government. Another crucial aspect of the mass media freedom as the cultural phenomenon should be kept in mind: seven decades of severe censorship could not be erased from the journalism professional community’s memory in several years. The negative experience of predecessors transforms censorship into self-censorship in modern Russia.

RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES: REGIONAL DIMENSION FOR EXAMPLE REPUBLIC OF DAGHESTAN

In this article are defined and classified the risks in the housing sector, both at national level and regional. The necessity of establishing an effective mechanism for risk - management utilities in modern conditions of market economy and the uncertainty of the reformation.

RESTRUCTURING AS WAY OF ENSURING STABILITY OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY

The urgency of a problem of restructuring of the enterprises is caused by several reasons, main from which are: transition of Russia to market economic system, increase of financial risks of the enterprises in the conditions of market economy, development of competitive fight between the companies and groups of companies in various segments of the market and a number of the deep financial and economic crises which have comprehended the Russian economy for the last fifteen years. The main reason on which enterprise restructuring is carried out, the low overall performance of the company caused by discrepancy of business to changing requirements of the market usually is. Unsatisfactory financial performance, shortage of current assets, high level of receivables and payables become a consequence of a similar situation. So, any updating of scales of business or market conditions demands adequate change of a control system. And far-sighted heads carry out transformations, without waiting decrease in efficiency of business.