Rational Conditions Research Articles

ВИБІР СТРАТЕГІЧНИХ НАПРЯМІВ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКОГО МАШИНОБУДУВАННЯ

Стаття торкається актуальних питань, а саме вдосконалення стратегічного управління підприємств сільськогосподарського машинобудування, вибору його напрямів. Метою статті є обґрунтування підходів до визначення та вибору стратегічних напрямів розвитку підприємств сільськогосподарського машинобудування в сучасних умовах господарювання. Теоретичну й методологічну основу статті становлять фундаментальні положення економічної теорії, стратегічного управління, сучасні концепції конвергенції, кооперації та інтеграції, наукові праці з питань стратегічного управління підприємством. Розглянуто метод консолідованого маркетингу для консолідації зусиль у застосуванні до здійснення стратегічного управління групою підприємств.

Composite Granular Fuel

Currently, the topical trend in the development of energy complexes in a number of countries is the expansion of the solid fuel use, which is largely provided by the use of various types of local renewable fuels. The latter often have high thermal properties (heat of combustion, ash content, etc.), but have low or poorly predicted physical and mechanical characteristics (strength, granulometric composition, etc.). These circumstances practically make stable and efficient operation of automation systems, mechanization of transportation of pellets, and technological processes of boilers impossible. The formation of a composite fuel with specified physical and mechanical properties provides a solution to this problem. The structure of the composite fuel based on peat, sawdust, cellulose and modifier was established at the previous stages of our work. However, in case of a given composition, the physical and mechanical characteristics depend on the operating and technological conditions for obtaining granules. In this paper, a statistical and experimental study was carried out aimed at finding rational technological conditions for granulating and drying composite fuel particles with a given mass ratio of components. To prepare fuel pellets of a given size from the initial fine-fraction components, a laboratory installation was used, the main elements of which were a Z-shaped mixer, a screw granulator, and a fixed bed dryer. The influence of independent variables on the strength and final moisture content of finished pellets of composite fuel was determined within the framework of a full factor experiment. The paper presents graphical images of response surfaces characterizing the specified influence of variable factors. The obtained regression dependences describing the influence of factors on the target properties of granules are linear in nature. The latter limits the possibility of using gradient optimization methods and creates the need to search for rational conditions, taking into account the limitations caused by the technical and economic parameters of obtaining finished fuel pellets.

Multiple Quadratic Polynomial Regression Models and Quality Maps for Tensile Mechanical Properties and Quality Indices of Cast Aluminum Alloys according to Artificial Aging Heat Treatment Condition

To evaluate the quality of cast aluminum alloys quantitatively and intuitively, quality index and quality map have been used. Quality index and quality map are to quantitatively evaluate the quality of cast aluminum alloys according to yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), elongation to fracture (Ef), and strain energy density (W). There are some quality indices such as Q, QR, QC, and Q0. The quality maps are generated to intuitively evaluate the quality level based on the quality indices. These quality indices and quality maps show the quality levels according to the pairs of tensile mechanical properties such as UTS and Ef, or YS and Ef, or YS and W. By using these quality maps, it is impossible to directly evaluate the quality levels according to the artificial aging heat treatment condition. We develop multiple quadratic polynomial regression models and quality maps for tensile mechanical properties and quality indices of the cast aluminum alloys according to artificial aging heat treatment condition. The performances of the regression models are evaluated using the mean absolute errors, mean relative errors, and coefficients of determination. The regression models and quality maps could be widely used to evaluate the quality of the cast aluminum alloys according to the aging heat treatment conditions and determine the rational aging heat treatment condition.

Evaluating feed value of native Jeju bamboo (Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai) for beef cattle.

Recently, indigenous Korean grass Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai [SQ] has garnered much interest as a roughage source for livestock to mitigate its adverse effects on habitat diversity. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the ruminal fermentation, palatability, and nutrient digestibility of SQ for Korean native beef cattle (Hanwoo) using in vitro rumen fermentation, in situ rumen degradability, and in vivo feeding trials. Using in vitro tests with rumen fluid as the inoculum for 48 h, ruminal fermentation of SQ was evaluated and compared with that of other roughage sources commonly used in Korea (i.e., rice straw, Timothy hay, and Italian ryegrass [IRG]). Additionally, an in situ trial 96 h was performed using three cannulated Hanwoo steers. Further, an in vivo trial was performed using eight Hanwoo steers to compare the palatability of SQ with rice straw in total mixed ration [TMR] and forage-concentrate separate feeding conditions. Finally, an in vivo digestibility trial of SQ fed as TMR of two particle sizes was performed with four Hanwoo steers. In vitro and in situ trials revealed that SQ was comparable or superior to rice straw in terms of the ruminal fermentation characteristics of pH, gas production, total volatile fatty acid content, and effective ruminal dry matter digestibility (DMD), although its fermentability was lower than that of Timothy hay and IRG. In the palatability test, steers showed a greater preference for SQ when given as TMR. The total tract DMD of SQ fed as TMR was 75.9 ± 1.37%, and it did not differ by particle size. The feed value of SQ as a roughage source for Hanwoo steers is comparable or superior to that of rice straw, particularly when provided as TMR.

A Dynamic Design Methodology for Large-Scale Complex Nonlinear Systems Based on Orthogonal Decomposition Technique

HSRS is taken as a typical research case of large-scale complex nonlinear systems, and the re-innovation of associated imported technologies needs to be combined with the particularities of Chinese HSR practices, seeking a more suitable dynamic design methodology to conduct the self-adaptive improved design. Different from the troublesomeness of the primary hunting phenomenon, the self-adaptive improved design can decrease considerably the impact of car body instability on ride comfort merely by applying the semiactive damping technique between intervehicles, to promote scientifically the limit and construction speeds under the rational conditions of wheel-rail matching, i.e., λeN ≥ λemin, λemin = (0.03–0.05). The researching viewpoint of hunting kinematics makes the investigations on the geometric nonlinearity of the wheel-rail contacts contrary to the hypothesis of small creepage and no spin. Since the technical prototype of German ICE3 serial bogies has the design default of the primary hunting phenomenon, the improved design of the wheel-rail relationship has simply abandoned the high-quality technical resources of wheel-rail matching conditions at low conicity. On the contrary, the dynamic simulation analyses of MC01-TC02-MC03 three-vehicles trainset show that the semiactive damping technique between intervehicles takes advantage of Izz >> Ixx to improve the impacts of car body instability on ride comfort, and the self-adaptive improved design has consequently the ability to achieve the technical goal of uniform wear at low conicity. On the premise of meeting the requirements of crossing over different speed grade dedicated lines and realizing the running operations on three-speed levels of 160/250/350 km/h, the self-adaptive higher-/high-speed bogies can conditionally satisfy the economic reprofiling requirements of wheelsets through the optimal routing planning.

Optimising the Distribution of Multi-Cycle Emergency Supplies after a Disaster

In order to achieve rapid and fair distribution of emergency supplies after a large-scale sudden disaster, this paper constructs a comprehensive time perception satisfaction function and a comprehensive material loss pain function to portray the perceived satisfaction of disaster victims based on objective constraints such as limited transport, multimodal transport and supply being less than demand, and at the same time considers the subjective perception of time and material quantity of disaster victims under limited rational conditions, and constructs a multi-objective optimisation model for the dispatch of multi-cycle emergency supplies by combining comprehensive rescue cost information. For the characteristics of the proposed model, based on the NSGA-II algorithm, generalized reverse learning strategy, coding repair strategy, improved adaptive crossover, variation strategy, and elite retention strategy are introduced. Based on this, we use the real data of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake combined with simulated data to design corresponding cases for validation and comparison with the basic NSGA-II algorithm, SPEA-II and MOPSO algorithms. The results show that the proposed model and algorithm can effectively solve the large-scale post-disaster emergency resource allocation problem, and the improved NSGA- II algorithm has better performance.

Review of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with international participation “The history of state and law in the conditions of new scientific rationality”

The main theses of the speakers' speeches devoted to the development of the history of the state and law in the conditions of new scientific rationality are summarized. The speakers drew attention to the fact that the global transformations of the modern world determine the transition to a new, post-non-classical scientific rationality. It is characterized by an emphasis on the study of complex self-developing systems, the interdisciplinarity of scientific research. In this regard, the historical and legal science faces the task of rethinking some well-established methodological approaches based on the principles of post-non-classical methodology. Today, when the role of historical knowledge in society is increasing, when the task of preserving historical memory has reached the constitutional level, it is necessary to intensify research on topical issues within the framework of the history of the state and law. The value potential of national historical traditions can become the basis of legal and patriotic education of young people, serve as an important component in the formation of a new national idea.

Joint Task Offloading, Resource Sharing and Computation Incentive for Edge Computing Networks

Edge computing is a promising technology to enable edge servers (ESs) to share computing resources for task offloading. Due to the selfish characteristic of the ESs, how to design an efficient computation incentive mechanism with the appropriate task offloading and resource allocation strategies is an essential issue. In this letter, a contract-based framework is proposed to deal with the joint task offloading, resource sharing and computation incentive (TORSCI) issue under the asymmetric information scenario. A three-dimensional task-resource-reward contract is investigated to motivate the potential ESs to participate in resource sharing. Then, based on the individual rationality and incentive compatibility conditions, the joint TORSCI optimization problem is formulated to achieve the maximum utility of the cloud server. By deriving necessary and sufficient conditions, an optimal contract is designed to obtain the joint task offloading, resource sharing and computation incentive strategy with an efficient heuristic algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed contract-based incentive approach.

Best proximity point theorems for generalized rational type contraction conditions involving control functions on complex valued metric spaces

Best proximity point theorems for generalized rational type contraction conditions involving control functions on complex valued metric spaces

Analytical studies of the cotton seed linting process

Thearticle presents the history of development of cotton seeds linting technological process, brief analysis of research works carried out to improve linter productivity, theoretical analysis of seeds interaction with sawing cylinder, as well as the results of previously conducted experimental studies. On the basis of the analysis it was concluded that it is necessary to continue research work on increasing productivity of 5LP linter for seeds and getting lint. The direction of the forthcoming work was chosen, which provides for the development of the linter design using the working chamber of the gin, manufacturing of the developed linter and research of the linting process, providing rational conditions of its operation in the effective process of cotton seed linting.

Haul road condition impact on tire life of mining dump truck

Purpose. Off-road tires (OTR) for mining and earthmoving applications which are specially developed for extreme mine site conditions can take 1020% of transportation costs. Up to 15% of OTR content is natural rubber produced from a rubber tree known as hevea brasiliensis. A significant number of OTR fail before the target life built in by tire manufacturers. This has certain negative impacts on the environment and wildlife due to deforestation effect. Thus, the purpose of the work is to increase the durability or, in the terminology of the operators, the mileage of the OTR. Methodology. The current study represents analyses of new modern digital technology for monitoring the mining haul road condition within a site study on Bogatyr Komir coal mine in North Kazakhstan. The influence of operating conditions was controlled, i.e. road quality, temperature conditions, tire pressure, and other parameters on tire life. Findings. The results show the effectiveness of digital technologies and the possibility of extending the life of tires by following the recommendations of the system in a timely manner. As a result of the analysis of temperature regimes and pressure in tires, especially in summer conditions, recommendations for rational operating conditions were determined, which makes it possible to increase the durability of tires. Originality. Modern operational digital methodology for monitoring open pit mines road condition defines ton kilometer per hour (TKPH) indicator per every trip, which provides on-time information for road design and maintenance. Practical value. Growing worldwide demand is driving the development of the mining industry. In the future, more and more fields with a low content of produced raw materials will be put into operation. The development of deposits with a low content of a useful product means that more rock mass must be moved in order for these developments to be profitable. Transportation costs in low-grade mines can be as high as 70% of mining costs due to more haul trucks and longer roads that need to be commissioned. Thus, an increase in the durability of OTR can give a great economic effect not only in the conditions of the Bogatyr Komir quarry under consideration but also in other mining and processing plants.

Research on Urban Construction Waste-Based on Evolutionary Game Analysis

With the vigorous development of China's construction industry, while promoting the modernization, it also brings the increasingly serious construction waste pollution problem. The effective treatment of construction waste is conducive to improving people's quality of life and promoting the sustainable development of the construction industry. Therefore, this paper constructs an evolutionary game model of construction waste collaborative treatment based on the condition of finite rationality and the evolutionary game theory, and analyzes the behavior choice of each subject under different situations. The results show that based on the principle of maximizing their own interests, when the income exceeds the loss, they tend to actively deal with the problem, and the cooperative treatment of each subject can maximize to solve the pollution problem of construction waste.

ПРОЦЕС “СОНОПЕРОКСАТ” ДЛЯ ОКИСНЮВАЛЬНОЇ ДЕГРАДАЦІЇ МЕТИЛОВОГО ОРАНЖЕВОГО

The efficiency of application of advanced oxidation processes for removal of methyl orange mono azo dye from wastewater is considered. For intensive oxidative degradation of methyl orange, it was proposed to use a combination of ultrasonic cavitation and “Peroxate” process – the “Sonoperoxate” process. Rational conditions for oxidative degradation of methyl orange at its initial concentration in an aqueous solution of 25 mg/dm3 (76.5·10-6 mol/dm3) were established: the molar ratio of methyl orange:hydrogen pero- xide:potassium metaperiodate = 1:50:10; pH of the reaction medium – 3; temperature – 293 K; specific power of cavitation ultrasonic treatment – 68 W/dm3. Under such conditions, the degradation degree of methyl orange of 89.4 % was achieved for 1800 s.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРОЦЕССА ОБРАБОТКИ СТАТИЧЕСКИ УПЛОТНЕННЫМИ АБРАЗИВНЫМИ СРЕДАМИ ДЕТАЛЕЙ ТИПА ТЕЛ ВРАЩЕНИЯ

The study objective is to find out an analytical dependence that correlates the operating parameters and the conditions of the finishing abrasive treatment with the roughness of the working surfaces of the parts, taking into account the shape factor of the manufactured parts.
 The tasks to which the paper is devoted include theoretical and experimental studies of the effect of the treated surface roughness on the technological modes and conditions of surface treatment of complex-profile parts in the medium of statically compacted loose abrasive, as well as in the development of a methodology for determining rational modes and conditions taking into account the shape factor of the machined parts and determining the achievable range of surface roughness.
 Research methods: theoretical studies are conducted on the basis of the main provisions of mechanical engineering technology, grinding theory, theoretical mechanics, theory of elasticity and plasticity. Experimental studies are carried out according to standard methods in production and laboratory conditions using certified instrumentation. The data obtained are processed using computer technology and presented in the form of empirical dependencies, convenient for practical use.
 The novelty of the work is in finding mathematical dependencies for calculating the pressure of a statically compacted abrasive layer on the surface of the parts being machined, taking into account the shape factor.
 Conclusions: Based on the calculated theoretical dependencies and experimental studies, it is shown that the work of micro-cutting with the microrelief of abrasive grains is approximately 1.5...2 times higher than the work of micro-cutting with the tops of abrasive grains of the grinding wheel. This allows to conclude that the machining of parts with a statically compacted loose abrasive, compared with grinding with a conventional grinding wheel, is a less energy-consuming process of removing material from the surfaces of the machined parts.
 The paper presents peculiarities of finishing parts with statically compacted abrasive media. The ratio of friction work and micro-cutting of the machining is shown. The nature of the contact interaction of abrasive grains with the treated surface is considered for the first time, taking into account the shape factor, and the rational range of final roughness is defined.
 The role of cutting elements of particles affecting the quality and productivity of machining is determined.

Electrolyte Coagulation of Saponite Bearing Water Suspension for Reuse by Mining Enterprises.

Approaches to two main issues: assessment of the aggregative stability of colloidal systems in the light of the energy balance of the attraction and repulsion potentials of particles in aqueous suspensions for reuse in the enrichment of kimberlite ores, and the determination of rational conditions for its clarification by electrolyte coagulation are presented.

Development of rational technology for sodium glyceroxide obtaining

The process of sodium glyceroxide obtaining by the reaction of glycerol and sodium hydroxide in the form of an aqueous solution was investigated. Glycerol salts (metal glyceroxides) are important components in the synthesis of many compounds. Glyceroxides are used in the chemical industry, construction, medical practice, etc. Glyceroxides of alkali metals are used in the production of modified fats and biodiesel fuel. P.a.-grade glycerol (CAS Number 56-81-5) was used with a mass fraction of the main substance of 99.5 %. The parameters of sodium hydroxide (CAS Number 1310-73-2) were studied: the mass fraction of the main substance is 98.0 %, the mass fraction of sodium carbonate is 0.5%. Rational conditions for sodium glyceroxide obtaining were determined: temperature (145 °C) and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution (65 %). Under these conditions, the mass fraction of the main substance in the product was 80 %. The melting point (72 °C) and mass fraction of moisture (0.3 %) in sodium glyceroxide were determined. The catalytic activity of the product in the process of transesterification of palm olein was tested. The increase in the melting point of palm olein was 15 °C. Under similar conditions of using potassium glyceroxide with a mass fraction of the main substance of 75.77 %, the increase in the melting point is 12.1 °C. This indicates an increase in the efficiency of the transesterification process using sodium glyceroxide obtained by the developed technology. The research results make it possible to produce sodium glyceroxide under rational conditions with a high mass fraction of the main substance at enterprises that use metal glyceroxides as a production component or commercial product. The determined rational conditions will make it possible to effectively use the company's resources and predict the quality of the final product

Абразивный инструмент из сферокорунда для обработки древесины

In the manufacture of hard abrasive tools for sanding wood and wood-based materials, spherical corundum is an effective material. The use of spherical corundum abrasive wheels makes it possible to increase the productivity of wood sanding, as well as to expand the application area of hard abrasive tools by reducing tool loading and eliminating burns of the treated surface. In order to substantiate the rational conditions of application of abrasive wheels made of spherical corundum it is necessary to determine the dependences linking the surface geometric parameters of the wheel, which directly influence the cutting, with the volume characteristics regulated by the formulation: grain size, content of abrasive grain and binder. The dependencies allow us to assess the nature and degree of influence of tool factors on the distance between the cutting elements of the operating surface of the spherical corundum wheel. The distance between abrasive grains on the wheel surface exceeds the distance between the walls of the abrasive grain in the vast majority of possible ratios of volume characteristics. The greatest influence on the surface geometric parameters has the size of abrasive grains. As it increases, the surface geometric dimensions grow, with a very sharp increase in the distance between abrasive grains on the wheel surface. The second most influential is the profile depth coordinate, which largely determines the ratio of distances between grains and between the grain walls. The relative grain and binder content in the wheel has less influence on the surface properties than the grain size and profile depth. The distance between grains on the wheel surface decreases slightly with their increase; they have no effect on the distance between the abrasive grain walls. The characteristics of the internal volumetric structure (grain size, grain content and binder content) are regulated in the production of abrasive tools. The peripheral surface of the wheel (its relief) is directly involved in the sanding process. For describing the relief of a spherical corundum wheel, it is necessary to determine the relationship between the volume characteristics and its surface geometric parameters, which are necessary to determine all the main parameters of the sanding process.

RATIONAL TYPE CONTRACTION MAPPING THEOREMS ON MULTIPLICATIVE G-METRIC SPACES

In this article, we have extended the results of Y. U. Gaba by taking multiplicative G-metric space instead of G-metric space. In this way, we proved contraction mapping theorems on multiplicative, G-metric spaces using rational type contraction conditions for a single map. Later on, we extended our results in the settings of triplet maps. We have also given examples to support our results.

Some Common Fixed Point Theorems of Rational Contractions Condition in Generalized Banach Space

In this work, we introduce some common fixed points theorems type rational contractions on generalized Banach space. The provided theorem is a generalization and an extension of many well-known theorems; we present a few examples to illustrate the validity of the results obtained in the paper.

Transfistula cholangioscopy: clarification of the diagnosis and antegrade removal of residual bile duct stones

Aim. To demonstrate our own experience of performing transfistula cholangioscopy and removing bile duct stones.Materials and Methods. From 2017 to 2019, 230 patients with functioning external biliary drains underwent antegrade transfistula cholangioscopy. Preliminary dilatation and straightening of the fistulous tract were required in 37 patients.Results. Bile duct stones were detected in 158 (68.7%) patients. During transfistula cholangioscopy, stones were removed from all patients. In 68 cases with large choledocholithiasis, it was necessary to perform contact lithotripsy. To this end, staged treatment and two hospitalizations were required in five cases. Adequate transfistular access to the bile ducts was formed during the first hospital stay; during the second, after hardening of the access walls, the stones were removed. The overall complication rate was 3.8%, including grade III–IV complications (1.9%) according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. Mortality was 0.4%.Conclusion. Transfistula cholangioscopy increases the reliability of stone detection in the bile ducts, permits removing them without mandatory dissection of the major duodenal papilla, and creates favorable conditions for a more accurate assessment of its functional state. When patients with functioning biliary drains and unresolved bile duct diseases are placed in a specialized medical center, they can be provided with high-quality care. Additionally, it creates rational conditions for the use of the highly effective methods of endobiliary diagnosis and treatment.