Condition Of Oral Cavity Research Articles

The effect of oral cavity condition on expression of saliva biomarkers in patients with oral mucosa pathology

Introduction. Despite visual accessibility of the elements of tumor lesions in the oral mucosa, patients with this pathology rarely seek medical help. Regeneration of the mucosa is a long process taking varying time depending on the location of the lesions. Asymptomatic tumor process leads to its diagnosis at late stages.Aim. To develop clinical and proteomic approach to diagnosis of malignancies of the oral mucosa at the stage of out-patient dentist appointment.Clinical observations. Examples of extended clinical, dental and immunoenzymatic monitoring in patients with elements of tumor lesions of the oral mucosa with long-term course are presented.Conclusion. The use of extended clinical, dental and immunoenzymatic analysis of oral fluid in patients with elements of tumor lesions of the oral mucosa allows to diagnose this pathology early.

Infiltration of salivary proteins into dentin during erosive processes

ObjectiveUltrastructural analyses showed that during erosion under oral cavity conditions, dentin is infiltrated by a substrate morphologically similar to salivary proteins. This in-situ study aimed to investigate the presence of salivary proteins in demineralized dentin. MethodsBovine dentin specimens were attached to individual maxillary splints (n = 1 per subject and condition) and worn intraorally by four subjects for 1 min. During intraoral exposure, the subjects rinsed with 10 ml of either sterile water or 1% citric acid. Additional specimens were eroded in-vitro as controls (n = 2). The specimens were then fixed, embedded in acrylic resin, and ultrathin sections were prepared. The salivary protein lysozyme was labelled with immunogold staining and examined using transmission electron microscopy. ResultsLysozyme was absent in the in-vitro controls but was detected on the dentin surface after rinsing with water, indicating its role in the initial pellicle formation on dentin. After rinsing with citric acid, lysozyme infiltrated deeper layers of the dentin. ConclusionsThese findings support the initial morphological observations that lysozyme, representing other salivary proteins, is deposited in demineralized dentin during erosion with citric acid. Clinical significanceInfiltration of salivary proteins into dentin during erosive processes can be a factor to consider in remineralization approaches under oral cavity conditions.

Tightness of the conical implant-abutment interface

Dental implant-based structures actively interact with the oral cavity and are subject to various factors. Local changes in the microflora near the implant can cause inflammation and affect its viability, as well as in the tooth. Improperly manufactured construction can also serve as a factor in the development of dysbiosis. The purpose of our study is to explore the permeability of the conical joint of the implant with an abutment of various types of manufacture under the influence of masticatory load. The tightness of the conical joint is studied on MIS C1 implants, a standard platform. The control group of the study consists of standard transgingival abutments. As an experimental group were used: milled, cast, and obtained by laser sintering. Modelling of oral cavity conditions was studied in a simulation complex. After 3000 masticating cycles the implant shafts were explored. When examining the inner surface of implants on which standard and milled abutments are fixed, the presence of methylene blue was not detected. A study of the implants shafts on which abutments were fixed, obtained by casting and laser sintering, showed the permeability of these compounds through the implant-abutment interface. Use of original elements in the system ensures a hermetic implant-abutment connection. In complex clinical cases for treatment and rehabilitation of patients, the manufacture of structures with individual abutments is required. The best result is achieved using abutments made by milling.

INDEKS KESEHATAN GIGI SISWA TAMAN KANAK-KANAK DI KELURAHAN MERGOSONO, MALANG

Dental and oral health, especially for children, is often considered a trivial matter. In fact, a healthy oral cavity condition at an early age will support the health of the oral cavity as an adult. The high rate of tooth decay in children should be a concern for parents, teachers and medical personnel. When complex dental and oral abnormalities occur in children, medical treatment causes trauma to their psychological condition, so it is much easier to prevent tooth decay through efforts to improve dental and oral health from an early age. Based on the results of dental and oral screening conducted on kindergarten children in Mergosono, Malang, it was found that the def-t score in children aged 4 years old is in the criteria of high (4,5), 5 years old is very high (7,7) and 6 years old is very high (6,8). The cause of the high incidence of dental caries in kindergarten children is the lack of knowledge about oral health, which can be concluded from the wrong behavior or way of brushing their teeth and the right knowledge about when to brush their teeth. Efforts that can be made to improve this behavior are education which is included in promotive and preventive efforts.

Complication Of Intralesional Hyaluronidase Injection DuringTreatment Of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Case Report

Aims and background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant condition of oral cavity. Optimal dosage of local injection of corticosteroids with hyaluronidase is an effective treatment. Case description: A 34 years’ old male, diabetic patient reported with reduced mouth opening. He had a tobacco chewing habit. He was thoroughly examined and diagnosed with OSMF. Due to diabetes, he was advised only hyaluronidase injection. After 4 sessions of intralesional injection, he started developing facial edema after every session that subsided within 48-72 hours. Conclusion: The present report is to discuss a complication of intralesional hyaluronidase therapy. Clinical significance: Hyaluronidase can be administered without corticosteroid in OSMF patients with diabetes keeping in mind the adverse reactions that could happen and how to manage them when encountered.

CHALLENGES AND PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN TRANSLATING LEGAL AND TECHNICAL TEXTS IN THE FOOD PRODUCTION INDUSTRY

Translating scientific and technical literature in the field of engineering and technology for the food industry is both challenging and intriguing, much like any translation work in scientific and technical domains. This area has distinct characteristics that set it apart. Practical experience with food product features and their verbal representation through taster's perception of a property involves individual professional experience and knowledge of analysis methodology, alongside unique complex compromise. This compromise stems from terms used in sensory analysis suggests that each combination of mental attitudes shaped by characteristics of the tasters, such as theanatomical structure and condition of each individual's oral cavity. Consequently, a single term may vary in its connotation each time it is used, reflecting different understandings. The practical outcomes of translation work focusing on profile structure analysis are documented in a multilingual glossary of pertinent terms. Examples of translation activities are provided, illustrating the application of professional terms from the meat industry, covering both products and specialized technological equipment. To ensure effective information retrieval from scientific and technical sources in countries with established beet-sugar production, a glossary of terms related to beet-sugar production was compiled. This glossary encompasses 444 terminological phonemes in Ukrainian, with corresponding terms in English, German, French, and three Slavic languages. The glossary includes fundamental terminology and groups terminological phonemes by stages in the beet-sugar production process, with each group covering related processes, equipment, materials, and products. Additionally, the article discusses the organizational and practical aspects of translating regulatory texts as part of harmonizing with European Union standards (EN), specifically those governing safety and hygiene rules for food industry equipment. This section underscores the significance of precise translation to ensure compliance with these standards and maintain industry safety.

Gender stereotypes of saving dental health among students

AIM. To conduct a literature review and establish the relationship between gender stereotypes and dental health saving among students and to conduct our own analysis among higher education institutions such as: RUDN, RNIMU, MIREA.MATERIALS AND METHODS. A systematic literature review in the electronic databases of Google Scholar and Pubmed was conducted. Articles with content based on identifying the role of gender on oral health among 18–25-year-olds were reviewed. Sixty articles were reviewed, of which 10 from Pubmed and 50 from Google Scholar were selected. After selecting articles according to criteria, the total number of studies was 30. In addition, we conducted our own analysis among universities such as: RUDN, MIREA, RNIMU. 66 people (48 girls and 18 men) participated in the survey.RESULTS. We established the relationship between gender stereotypes and saving dental health, but we do not exclude that the level of oral health among students is individual and depends only partly on gender.CONCLUSION. It is possible to note the influence of gender stereotypes regarding saving dental health. Girls are more careful about the state of oral cavity and health in general. This conclusion is based on the increased frequency of visits to the dentist for preventive examinations. The male part of the population, due to lack of knowledge in the field of prevention, improperly care for their oral cavity, this is expressed in the wrong brush, its coarser use and lack of instructions for daily brushing. The attitude of men towards the dentist plays an important role. Due to lack of habit and less awareness of health issues, they are more likely to be exposed to discomfort and stress during the appointment than girls. In conclusion, we would like to say that gender stereotypes have a place, but still the level of dental health among students is individualized and only partly depends on gender.

Management of Xerostomia and Hyposalivation in Hypertensive Patient's Using Candesartan Cilexetil

Saliva’s disorder and dry mouth (xerostomia) are related to routine medication as antihypertensives. Candrsartan cilexetil is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) hypertension drug that indirectly affects saliva by changing fluid and electrolyte balance. To examine the management of xerostomia and hyposalivation in hypertensive patients due to use of candesartan cilexetil. A 70 year old female patient complained her mouth felt dry since 1 year ago when she was diagnosed with hypertension. The patient consumes candesartan cilexetil once daily, 8 mg. Intra oral showed were edentulous areas on the entire upper and lower jaw with the patient's oral mucosa being dry, saliva thick, sticky and frothy. In this case, saliva’s rate measurement showed a result of 0.16 mL/minute. After intervention using dry mouth gel for two weeks, a saliva rate of 0.38 mL/minute. During the control, patient didn’t complaining dry mouth. This is accordance with the literature, dry mouth gel can improve signs and symptoms of dry mouth and increase the patient's ability to swallow. Patient’s take antihypertensive drugs have manifestations in form of xerostomia. The treatment carried out to improve the condition of patient's oral cavity is providing education on maintaining healthy teeth and mouth as well as using dry mouth gel applied to the entire oral mucosa. In this case, an increase salivary rate from 0.16 mL/minute to 0.38 mL/minute. The concluded, use of dry mouth gel is effective in treating xerostomia and can increase the rate of saliva in the oral cavity

Oral Findings in Male Prisoners: A Systematic Review.

Background: Modern penitentiary systems attach great importance, at least in the area of formal and codified arrangements, to providing inmates with access to health care and rehabilitation. The aim of our study was to analyze the Web of Science (WoS) and SCOPUS medical databases in order to search for and evaluate the available literature discussing the oral status and dental treatment needs of adult male prisoners. Methods: The following terms were used: prisoners or inmates; oral health, oral status; periodontal status, periodontal disease; oral hygiene; caries; mucosa; and saliva. The studies were screened based on their title and abstract according to the PICO (population, intervention, control, and outcome) criteria. The research protocol was prepared on the basis of the 2020 PRISMA guidelines and was not registered. The available literature discussing the oral status and dental treatment needs of adult imprisoned patients was analyzed. The inclusion criteria were as follows: articles published in English between 1 January 2012 and 2022; articles discussing the oral cavity status of adult inmates over 18 years old (hard tissues, periodontal status, saliva, mucosa condition, or oral hygiene); articles with a full text available; and articles that were assessed as satisfactory according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: A total of 934 articles were identified, out of which 9 were included in the systematic review. Two articles discussed the oral condition of prisoners in Europe (Russia and Finland), four examined prisoners in Asia (three in India and one in Saudi Arabia), two examined prisoners in Africa (Nigeria), and one examined prisoners in the Americas (Brazil). Conclusions: The oral status of prisoners has been widely discussed in the available literature. Among inmates, a higher frequency of both caries and periodontal disease along with poorer oral hygiene were observed. It can be concluded that inmates should have access to specialized treatment from periodontists and endodontists.

Results of the study of source conditions indicative factors of parodontal status and local immunity of oral cavity besides flying personnel of the civil aviation

AIM. Study the source condition of parodontal structures and local immunity of oral cavity besides flying composition of the civil aviation for the reason improvements of the algorithm treatment-preventive action of dentistry nature.MATERIALS AND METHODS. Organized parodontology and immunology examination of the oral cavity beside 120 flying personnel on the base of physician-sanitary part of International airport Dushanbe. Examined contingent was divided into 5 groups: flight personnel with chronic gingivitis of the light degree of gravity; with chronic gingivitis of the average degree of gravity; with chronic parodontitis of the light degree of gravity; with chronic parodontitis of the average degree of gravity: checking group of the flying composition with sound parodont. They were researched particularities of the clinical current of the chronic gingivitis and parodontitis with using of hygienic and parodontology factors and immunology condition of oral cavity.RESULTS. Inflammatory parodontal diseases beside flying composition with chronic gingivitis and parodontitis of the average degree of gravity (II, IV groups) runs more gravely, with expressed inflammatory reaction of near teeth tissues and disorders of the hygiene of oral cavity, in contrast with flying contingent I and III groups. At study of immunological conditions of oral cavity besides flying personnel of IV group revealed reduction of lysosome activity and increasing of immunoglobulin level that is indicative of reduction humeral protection of oral cavity.CONCLUSION. Called studies have shown that PMA-index, bleeding and hygiene of oral cavity indexes with high degree of validity increased, but importance of the lysosome activity reduced on the base of increasing immunoglobulin of oral liquid beside flying composition with chronic parodontitis light and average degree of gravity.

Orally fast dissolving α-lipoic acid electrospun nanofibers mitigates lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages

α-Lipoic acid (LA), a dietary supplement known for its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, faces challenges due to its poor aqueous solubility and thermal instability. To address these issues, herein methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (M-β-CD) was utilized to create inclusion complex (IC) of LA in 1:1 M stoichiometric ratio of M-β-CD to LA. The LA-M-β-CD-IC was further combined with pullulan (PUL), a non-toxic and water-soluble biopolymer, for the development of electrospun nanofibers (NF) by green and sustainable approach. The resulting PUL/LA/M-β-CD NF formed as a self-standing and flexible material with an average diameter of 569 ± 129 nm and encapsulation efficiency of ∼86.90 %. The developed NF demonstrated an accelerated release, quick dissolution, and disintegration when exposed to artificial saliva replicating the conditions of oral cavity. PUL/LA/M-β-CD NF attenuated the production of ROS and NO by downregulating pro-inflammatory enzymes (iNOS and COX-2) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, PUL/LA/M-β-CD NF also significantly downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β along with suppression of NF-ĸB nuclear translocation in comparison to LA (at 250 μM). In nutshell, PUL/LA/M-β-CD NF demonstrated great potential as a rapid disintegrating delivery system for oral anti-inflammatory treatment due to the enhanced physicochemical characteristics of LA.

Identification and prevalence of Capnocytophaga canimorsus and Capnocytophaga cynodegmi from the dog population in Wrocław, Poland

The bacterium Capnocytophaga spp. is a part of the oral microbiome of dogs, which has zoonotic potential. This study aimed to assess factors that influence the prevalence of Capnocytophaga cynodegmi and Capnocytophaga canimorsus in Wrocaw’s dog population. Molecular detection (PCR) involved 105 swabs, examining parameters such as oral cavity condition, underlying health issues, recent antibiotics, age, medications, material collection, and dog chews. The study highlighted significant associations between the presence of C. cynodegmi and oral cavity condition, material collection method, and use of dog’s chews. Correlations obtained in this study between the oral health of Wroclaw’s dog population and the presence of C. cynodegmi suggest its significance in the oral microbiome of dogs. Limitations, including the small sample size, highlight the need for more research to comprehensively understand additional factors that affect the prevalence of Capnocytophaga spp. in dogs.

Increasing the effectiveness of complex influence on the condition of parodontal tissue in patients with diseases of the digestive system and having fixed dentures

The study is dedicated to analyzing the effectiveness of comprehensive treatment of periodontal tissues in patients with digestive system diseases who use non-removable prostheses. The work considers the connection between periodontal diseases and digestive system disorders, emphasizing the importance of an integrated approach to treatment. A significant number of patients were included in the study, various clinical and biochemical parameters were evaluated, and a comprehensive methodological approach was used, including statistical analysis. The results of the study showed that a combined approach to treatment significantly improved the oral cavity and periodontal condition in these patients, suggesting greater effectiveness of such integrated strategies for treating periodontal diseases in individuals with digestive system disorders and non-removable dental prostheses. The findings of the study are significant for developing more effective methods of treating periodontal diseases, especially for patients with concurrent digestive system diseases. Objective: to develop and evaluate new methods of comprehensive treatment of the periodontium in patients with digestive system diseases who use non-removable prostheses. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at the Department of Dentistry of Bukhara State Medical Institute in the years 2020–2023. Participants: 138 patients, aged 18–60, including 101 men and 37 women. Age group distribution: 78 people aged 18–39, 39 people aged 40–49, 21 people aged 50–65. All patients suffered from chronic generalized periodontitis of varying severity, had digestive system diseases, and used non-removable prostheses. The main group included 108 patients with gastrointestinal tract exacerbations: 52 with metal bridge prostheses, 28 with metal-ceramic prostheses, and 28 with dental prostheses on dental implants. The control group consisted of 30 patients: 12 with metal bridge prostheses, 10 with dental prostheses on dental implants, and 8 with metal-ceramic prostheses. Results: The treatment improved clinical-hygienic indicators in patients, reducing OHI-S and PMA indices. The microbial population in the oral cavity significantly decreased, particularly the levels of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus mutans. The effectiveness of the treatment was higher in the first group, with improved microflora and a reduction in pathogens. The use of Traumeel-S, HelboBlue, and ALT-Vostok model 03 contributed to the improvement of periodontal health. Patients experienced a restoration of metabolic processes in periodontal tissues, an increase in the levels of L-arginine and citrulline, and a decrease in nitrates and urea. The integrated approach proved effective in correcting the condition of the periodontium in patients with gastrointestinal diseases and non-removable prostheses.

Effect of Commercial Children's Mouthrinses and Toothpastes on the Viability of Neonatal Human Melanocytes: An In Vitro Study.

In this study, we examined the cytotoxic effects of six commercial children's mouthrinses (designated as #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, and #6) and four commercial children's toothpastes (designated as #1, #2, #3, and #4) on primary human neonatal melanocytes that were used as a representative model for oral melanocytes. Mouthrinses diluted directly with culture medium (1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:100, and 1:1000) were added to monolayers of melanocytes for 2 min, followed by 24 h recovery, after which MTS cytotoxicity assay was conducted. The extracts of each toothpaste were prepared (50% w/v), diluted in culture medium (1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:50, 1:100, and 1:1000), and added to cell monolayers for 2 min (standard brushing time), followed by an analysis of cell viability after 24 h. Results showed that all mouthrinses except mouthrinse #4 showed significantly greater loss of cell viability, ascribed to cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) that induced significant cytotoxicity to melanocytes (IC50 = 54.33 µM). In the case of toothpastes, the examination of cellular morphology showed that a 2 min exposure to all toothpaste extracts induced a concentration-dependent decline in cell viability, pronounced in toothpaste containing sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) detergent. Further results suggested SLS to be the critical driver of cytotoxicity (IC50 = 317.73 µM). It is noteworthy that toothpaste #1 exhibited much lower levels of cytotoxicity compared to the other three toothpastes containing SLS. Taken together, these findings suggest that the melanocytotoxicity of children's mouthrinse (#4) and toothpaste (#1) is comparatively low. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the impact of children's toothpastes and mouthrinses on neonatal primary human melanocytes. Future studies to investigate these findings in a realistic scenario replicating oral cavity conditions of the presence of microbiota, pellicle layer and saliva, and other cell types are warranted.

Investigating the current state of the Russian market for drugs treating infectious and inflammatory conditions of oral cavity and oropharynx to demonstrate the need for new drug development

Objective: to assess the relevance and commercial prospects of bringing to market a drug for the local treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of oral cavity and oropharynx.Material and methods. The objects of the study were the drug nomenclatures in the State Register of Medicines, the Register of Medicines of Russia, as well as data from the Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare. The analysis of scientific publications in the field of marketing research of drugs, found in eLibrary.ru and PubMed/MEDLINE databases was carried out. For analyzing the structure and marketing research of drugs in the study group, specific methods of information retrieval, content analysis, description, data aggregation, ranking, data grouping method, system approach, as well as such methods of marketing analysis as determining the breadth and depth of the assortment, the renewal index, the vital importance index, SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) were used.Results. The assortment of drugs for the local treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal infectious and inflammatory diseases was structured by the nature of the active substance, type of dosage form, and country of origin. The main trends in the development of the market of drugs of this group were identified. An analysis of the range of drugs using marketing research methods made it possible to establish the breadth and completeness of the range. The calculated renewal and vitality indices confirmed the relevance of developing new drugs with the considered pharmacotherapeutic action.Conclusion. The study revealed the main trends in the development of the market of drugs of the action in question. The SWOT analysis showed a possible strategy for developing and launching a new drug on the market.

Knowledge and Self-Assessment of Dental Injuries and Oral Health among Croatian Professional Water Polo Players: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate oral health knowledge, and the incidence of self-reported dental injuries incidence, the frequency of mouthguard use, oral hygiene habits, and oral health status among professional water polo players. During the 2022/2023 season, 114 water polo players from the Croatian First League participated in a questionnaire-based online survey. The data collected included sociodemographic and professional attributes, oral health knowledge questions, dental injury experiences, and practices related to mouthguard use. Respondents also rated their own oral health status and oral hygiene habits. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a regression analysis. The respondents demonstrated inadequate knowledge of oral health, with a mean score of 6.4 ± 2.6 out of 12. Better knowledge correlated positively with older age (p ˂ 0.05) and consistent flossing (p = 0.014). Additionally, 27.2% (31 of 114) of reported dental injuries were related directly to incidents which occurred while participating in water polo. These injuries occurred more frequently during games (54.8%) and often involved the anterior maxillary incisors (71.0%) due to player contact (87.1%). Awareness of mouthguards was high (93.9%), whereas their actual use was low (7.0%) because 35.1% of respondents reported discomfort wearing them. The respondents' self-assessments revealed widespread dental problems, including tooth sensitivity (13.3%), erosion (15.8%), calculus (28.1%), and pigmentation (7.9%). The research results indicate a lack of adequate knowledge among the respondents regarding oral health. This deficit was not associated with oral hygiene habits or oral cavity conditions. These findings highlight the disparities in oral health awareness and practices associated with water polo participation and emphasize the importance of education and prevention efforts.

Oral Findings in Hemodialyzed Patients Diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus and/or Hypertension-A Systematic Review.

Chronic kidney disease is classified as a civilization disease and is being diagnosed in an increasing number of patients. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus often coexist in hemodialyzed patients. The aim of the present study was to identify publications on the oral cavity status of multimorbid hemodialyzed adult patients additionally diagnosed with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus, published between 2012 and 2022 to establish evidence of the impact of hypertension and diabetes mellitus on the oral status of hemodialyzed patients. Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched. Eight articles were included in the review. In total, 3 articles discussed oral hygiene in hemodialyzed patients, 4 discussed periodontal status, 3 discussed mucosa condition and saliva parameters, and 3 discussed the problem of Candidiasis infections. The conclusions were as follows: there is still a limited number of publications discussing the oral status of hemodialyzed patients diagnosed with hypertension; involved articles have proven that coexisting diseases can influence the oral cavity status of hemodialyzed patients and cause periodontal disorders, lower hygiene status, saliva parameters and make the risk of Candida infections higher.

Justification of the application of Raman-fluorescence diagnostics to assess dental status of the oral cavity

Purpose: To assess the influence of visibility, grayness and lighting conditions of the dentist’s workplace at the indicators of oral cavity homeostasis as well as to justify the application of digital Raman-fluorescence diagnostics for studying dental status of the oral cavity so as to exclude the subjective factor in visual indicators. Materials and methods. 90 patients took part in the trial. Group 1 (controls): participants with the controlled hygiene of their oral cavity and without pronounced dental pathologies; Group 2 (studied): 2A – patients with uncontrolled hygiene and concomitant unsatisfactory hygienic condition of their oral cavity, 2B – patients with controlled hygiene and previous unsatisfactory hygienic condition of their oral cavity. There were 30 patients in each group, and all of them had carious lesions. Patients of Groups 1 and 2A cleaned their teeth by the generally accepted scheme. In Group 2B, patients cleaned their teeth under control, and the procedure duration had been calculated individually by laser fluorescence diagnostics. In both groups, the degree of hard tissues mineralization was determined with the Raman diagnostics. Patients from the studied group were prescribed remineralisation therapy. Visual methods and Raman-fluorescence diagnostics were used to assess dental status of the oral cavity. Results and discussion. There was a significant improvement in all indicators in Group 2B compared to Group 2A; no changes were observed in the control group. Errors in the visual measurement of oral cavity dental status can range from 200 to 400%. To eliminate disadvantages of the visual assessment of the oral cavity, Raman-fluorescence diagnostics has to be applied, the results of which do not depend on color, grayness and lighting of the examined object. Conclusion. To eliminate disadvantages of the visual method for assessing the oral cavity condition, Raman-fluorescent diagnostics, which does not depend on color, grayness and lighting of the examined object, has to be applied. The Raman-fluorescent and visual diagnostics allow to objectively assess dental status of the oral cavity.

Relationship between glycemic control and periodontal status in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Relevance. The study of the dental status, including periodontal, in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, has a high scientific and clinical significance in terms of early diagnosis and prediction of the pathology of the dentoalveolar system in this group of patients.Materials and methods. The study included 54 adolescents with type 1 diabetes aged 14-17 y.o.; of which 44% were boys, and 56% were girls. The duration of diabetes was 71.2 ± 46 months. Oral cavity condition evaluation included an interview and examination using instrumental and index assessment. The index assessment included the Green-Vermilion oral hygiene index (OHI-S), the papillary-marginal-attached index (PMA), Russell’s periodontal index (PI) and the decayed-missing-filled index (DMFT). To evaluate the diabetes factor impact on the periodontal tissues, we assessed the level of HbA1c, the duration of DM1, sex, age, and the presence of microangiopathy specific for type 1 diabetes, followed by multivariate regression analysis using JAMOVI 2.3.13 software.Results. The study established that only 11% of the examined adolescents had compensated type 1 diabetes with an HbA1c level <7%. As for the index assessment of the oral cavity condition, most patients had mild or moderate deviations, indicating initial changes, including ones in periodontium. We also established a significant adverse effect of HbA1c increase, i.e., metabolic decompensation, on all studied indices (OHI-S, PI, PMA).Conclusion. Initial inflammatory periodontal changes in type 1 DM may occur at a fairly early age and do not depend on age, sex and the presence of vascular complications, and are associated with worse glycemic control numbers. Dental check-ups of adolescents with type 1 diabetes require periodontal index assessment and collaboration of dentists and pediatric endocrinologists.

Oral Health in migrants children in Melilla, Spain.

Numerous developing countries' socioeconomic and political issues resulted in a significant migratory phenomenon, which poses a health burden for the nations that receive migrant populations. Often, the greatest age group of migrants is children and teens. Oral problems are one of the most common reasons that immigrants in the receiving nations visit the healthcare system. Cross-sectional research was conducted on children and teenagers housed at the Temporary Stay Center for Immigrants (CETI) of the Autonomous City of Melilla (Spain) with the aim of identifying the state of the oral cavity of these group of migrants. Information on the condition of the research group's oral cavity was gathered using the World Health Organization's standards. The research comprised all of the children and teenagers who were enrolled in the CETI for a defined period of time. A total of 198 children were assessed. It was determined that 86.9% of the youngsters were of Syrian descent. There were 57.6% males and a 7.7 (±4.1) average age. The average caries index for children under the age of six was dft =6.4 (±6.3), and for children aged six to eleven, it was 7.5 (±4.8), taking into account both the temporary and permanent dentition, and for children aged twelve to seventeen, it was 4.7 (±4.0). A total of 50.6% of children between the ages of 6 and 11 needed extractions, compared to 36.8% of children under the age of 6. The population under study had a significant incidence of sextants where bleeding occurred during periodontal probing (mean 3.9 (±2.5)), according to an examination of the community periodontal index (CPI). It is crucial to study the oral cavity status of refugee children when designing intervention programs to improve their oral health and provide health education activities that favour the prevention of oral diseases.