Admissible Conditions Research Articles

Loss characteristics and optimization method of a compressed air energy storage radial turbine with nozzle governing

During the operation of the compressed air energy storage (CAES) system, a discrepancy exists between the air storage pressure and the turbine inlet pressure. At the same time, to ensure that the turbine operates efficiently when the system load varies, the turbine needs to be regulated reasonably. In this paper, the influence of three nozzle governing (NG) parameters on turbine performance during the NG process is investigated: the inlet pressure of the NG region, the area of the NG region, and the base pressure. The flow characteristics and loss mechanisms under partial admission conditions and NG conditions are also analyzed. Furthermore, the NG process is optimized by using a transition section. The results show that the loss under the NG condition with low inlet pressure at the NG region is similar to the partial admission loss, both of which are mainly affected by the area of the NG region. In both working conditions, vortex structures appear at the stator outlet of the NG region. At the same time, the mixing of different airflows and the flow separation phenomenon within the rotor leads to a significant increase in entropy production rate. The transition section can attenuate the leakage and reduce the entropy production rate in the radial gap between the stator and rotor, increasing turbine efficiency by up to 1.1 % at maximum when using the transition section.

Reproducing formulas for L2-multiplier operators related to the k-Hankel transform

ABSTRACT The aims of this paper are to study the L 2 -multiplier operators, T m , σ , associated with k-Hankel transform. We derive three Calderón's reproducing formulas. Initially, by an admissibility condition we get the inversion formula for T m , σ ( φ ) . Furthermore, we achieve quadratic convergence as our second formula. Additionally, by utilizing the extremal function, we obtain the best approximation formula.

Legal regulation of education in Ukraine. Part 3: equal rights, security and dignity of students and language requirements for admission to an educational institution under the conditions of military emergency

The purpose of this article is to continue the analysis of Ukrainian legislation and international acts that regulate or affect the process of regulating basic human rights and freedoms in Ukraine’s education field. The conduct of this study is due to the activities of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine in 2024, which intervened directly during the admission process of students to higher educational institutions during the 2024 admission campaign. The mentioned aspects especially affected the education seekers who declared their desire to study full-time and on a paid basis in graduate school to obtain the third (educational and scientific) level of higher education. Regarding the above, it became necessary to legally examine the observance of basic human rights and freedoms when conducting the admission process under martial law along with implementing and regulating educational activities. In particular, the article examines the main conditions and guarantees of equality of rights of education seekers when enrolling in educational institutions. Additionally, the study underlines the main legal provisions on the human right to safety and dignity, which shall be observed during the admission campaign and when carrying out educational activities in conditions of military emergency as well as in conditions of economic crisis. At the same time, special attention is focused on the need to establish different admission conditions and study conditions for free education and paid education recipients. In addition, the authors analyze the legislation of Ukraine regarding the possibility of using the factor of knowledge of foreign languages as a condition for admission to institutions of higher education, both in the general context and taking into account the specifics of the education received by the student. Thus, this article is the third article from the cycle of research and contains the results of a legal study of the principle of equal rights in the field of education, the principle of safety and human dignity in education, in particular, during the period of military emergency in Ukraine, as well as the principle of Ukrainian-language education in Ukraine.

Tensor renormalization group study of (1 + 1)-dimensional U(1) gauge-Higgs model at θ = π with Lüscher’s admissibility condition

We investigate the phase structure of the (1+1)-dimensional U(1) gauge-Higgs model with a θ term, where the U(1) gauge action is constructed with Lüscher’s admissibility condition. Using the tensor renormalization group, both the complex action problem and topological freezing problem in the standard Monte Carlo simulation are avoided. We find the first-order phase transition with sufficiently large Higgs mass at θ = π, where the ℤ2 charge conjugation symmetry is spontaneously broken. On the other hand, the symmetry is restored with a sufficiently small mass. We determine the critical endpoint as a function of the Higgs mass parameter and show the critical behavior is in the two-dimensional Ising universality class.

The use of a clinical calculator to determine the rate of development of chronic kidney disease in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Aim – to develop an applied prognostic calculator for the rate of progression of CKD in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, which makes it possible to identify a group of high rate of GFR reduction in conditions of routine outpatient admission. Material and methods. 69 clinical indicators were studied, the interrelationships and significance of differences in parameters in the groups identified according to the original diagnostic parameter, the glomerular filtration rate reduction index with a threshold value of 3.83 ml/min/1.73 m2 per year, above which the rate of progression of CKD was considered high. Results. By using regression analysis, significant factors for the prognostic calculator were identified: the duration of diabetes and insulin therapy, concomitant diagnosis of obesity, pulse in the ankle artery, severe stage of polyneuropathy, risk group IV of hypertension, treatment with sulfonylureas, the number of antihypertensive drugs taken. When evaluating the information capacity and predictive ability of the calculator, the area under the AUC ROC curve was 0.89 (0.80; 0.99) p 0.001, which characterizes the quality of the diagnostic technique as high. Conclusion. The presented calculator gives the doctor the opportunity to identify a group of patients with the risk of rapid progression of CKD directly on an outpatient basis.

Predicting hospitalization costs for pulmonary tuberculosis patients based on machine learning

BackgroundPulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a prevalent chronic disease associated with a significant economic burden on patients. Using machine learning to predict hospitalization costs can allocate medical resources effectively and optimize the cost structure rationally, so as to control the hospitalization costs of patients better.MethodsThis research analyzed data (2020–2022) from a Kashgar pulmonary hospital’s information system, involving 9570 eligible PTB patients. SPSS 26.0 was used for multiple regression analysis, while Python 3.7 was used for random forest regression (RFR) and MLP. The training set included data from 2020 and 2021, while the test set included data from 2022. The models predicted seven various costs related to PTB patients, including diagnostic cost, medical service cost, material cost, treatment cost, drug cost, other cost, and total hospitalization cost. The model’s predictive performance was evaluated using R-square (R2), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) metrics.ResultsAmong the 9570 PTB patients included in the study, the median and quartile of total hospitalization cost were 13,150.45 (9891.34, 19,648.48) yuan. Nine factors, including age, marital status, admission condition, length of hospital stay, initial treatment, presence of other diseases, transfer, drug resistance, and admission department, significantly influenced hospitalization costs for PTB patients. Overall, MLP demonstrated superior performance in most cost predictions, outperforming RFR and multiple regression; The performance of RFR is between MLP and multiple regression; The predictive performance of multiple regression is the lowest, but it shows the best results for Other costs.ConclusionThe MLP can effectively leverage patient information and accurately predict various hospitalization costs, achieving a rationalized structure of hospitalization costs by adjusting higher-cost inpatient items and balancing different cost categories. The insights of this predictive model also hold relevance for research in other medical conditions.

Fault signature extraction of rolling bearings under variable speed via time–frequency overlap group sparse representation

The high-fidelity extraction of the nonperiodic fault transients of rolling bearings under variable speed is of significant importance, while still a challenge for early-stage fault diagnosis of major equipment such as aero engines and wind turbines. A method termed continuous symmetric Laplace wavelet transform (CSLWT) enhanced time–frequency overlap group sparse (OGS) representation is proposed in this paper. A symmetric Laplace mother wavelet function is proposed which could satisfy the admissibility condition of wavelet decomposition and reconstruction, upon which the CSLWT is fabricated and adopted as the sparse representation dictionary to match the nonperiodic fault transients. Since the decomposition coefficients of nonperiodic fault impulses via the CSLWT exhibit group sparsity on the time–frequency plane with unknown intervals, the time–frequency OGS model is adopted and then solved for extraction of the nonperiodic fault transients. Moreover, a data driven, multi-objective optimization strategy is presented for determining the hyper-parameters of the sparse model. The correlated kurtosis of angular envelope signal (CK-AE) and harmonic-to-noise energy ratio of the order spectrum (HNR-OS) are introduced as the optimization objectives, and the Pareto front is solved based on the NSGA-II algorithm, upon which the acceptable solutions set is chosen from the Pareto front, and the proper hyper-parameters are further determined via proposed normalized solutions distance density sorting of the acceptable solutions set. The performance of the proposed method is validated via processing both simulated and experimental vibration signals, as well as compared with some tradition fault diagnosis methods.

Long-time behaviour of a porous medium model with degenerate hysteresis.

Hysteresis in the pressure-saturation relation in unsaturated porous media, owing to surface tension on the liquid-gas interface, exhibits strong degeneracy in the resulting mass balance equation. As an extension of previous existence and uniqueness results, we prove that under physically admissible initial conditions and without mass exchange with the exterior, the unique global solution of the fluid diffusion problem exists and asymptotically converges as time tends to infinity to a possibly non-homogeneous mass distribution and an a priori unknown constant pressure.This article is part of the theme issue 'Non-smooth variational problems with applications in mechanics'.

Dynamic‐memory event‐based asynchronous security control for positive singular semi‐Markov jumping CPSs against multiple cyber‐attacks

AbstractThis paper mainly studies the design of asynchronous controllers for positive singular semi‐Markov jump systems with performance under the dynamic‐memory event‐triggered. The positive singular semi‐Markov jump system model is established for the first time. And the dynamic‐memory event‐triggered transmission protocol is used to reduce network transmission pressure. Then, a unified cyber‐attack framework that includes DoS attacks and spoofing attacks is established. A simple hidden Markovian model (HMM) model is used to describe the asynchronous phenomena between the controller and the system. Considering the situation where all data cannot be accurately obtained in reality, a simple HMM is set as a partially unknown conditional probability matrix. Based on stochastic Lyapunov functional, the stochastically admissible conditions for the closed‐loop systems are obtained. Finally, a numerical example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Issues of Readiness of Nursing Personnel to Provide Medical Care in Conditions of Mass Admission of Victims in Emergency Situations to Medical Organizations

Issues of Readiness of Nursing Personnel to Provide Medical Care in Conditions of Mass Admission of Victims in Emergency Situations to Medical Organizations

Sex Differences in Outcome of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Its Relation to Postoperative Cerebral Ischemia.

Whether there is a sex difference in the outcome of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) remains controversial, and clarifying the role of women in postoperative cerebral ischemic events can help us to understand its relationship with poor prognosis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between the three aspects of sex differences, postoperative cerebral ischemia, and poor prognosis after aSAH. A total of 472 patients admitted within 72h after aSAH between January 2018 and December 2022 were included. We systematically analyzed the characteristics of sex differences in aSAH and explored the relationship between delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), surgery-related cerebral infarction (SRCI), and poor prognosis (modified Rankin Scale > 2). Compared with women, men were in worse condition and had more intracerebral hematoma (p = 0.001) on admission, whereas women were older (p < 0.001) and had more multiple aneurysms (p = 0.002). During hospitalization, men were more likely to experience emergency intubation (p = 0.036) and tracheotomy (p = 0.013). Women achieved functional independence at discharge at a similar rate to men (p = 0.394). Among postoperative complications, the incidence of DCI (22% vs. 12%, p = 0.01) and urinary tract infection (p = 0.022) was significantly higher in women. After adjusting for age, multivariable regression analysis showed that hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 2.139, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.027-4.457), preoperative rerupture (OR 12.240, 95% CI 1.491-100.458), pulmonary infection (OR 2.297, 95% CI 1.070-4.930), external ventricular drainage placement (OR 4.382, 95% CI 1.550-12.390), bacteremia (OR 14.943, 95% CI 1.412-158.117), SRCI (OR 8.588, 95% CI 4.092-18.023), venous thrombosis (OR 5.283, 95% CI 1.859-15.013), higher modified Fisher grades (p = 0.003), and Hunt-Hess grades (p = 0.035) were associated with poor prognosis, whereas DCI (OR 1.394, 95% CI 0.591-3.292) was not an independent risk factor for poor prognosis. The proportion of patients who fully recovered from cerebral ischemia was higher in the DCI group (p < 0.001) compared with the SRCI group, and more patients were discharged with modified Rankin Scale > 2 in the SRCI group (p = 0.005). Women have a higher incidence of DCI, but there is no sex difference in outcomes after aSAH, and poor prognosis is associated with worse admission condition and perioperative complications. SRCI is a strong independent risk factor for poor prognosis, whereas DCI is not.

Some New Types of α_(β^(-1) )-admissible Mappings and Fixed Point Results

In this paper fixed point and common fixed point theorems are proved for contractions under the -admissible and admissible conditions. These results generalize the –admissible condition of self-mappings as explained by many researchers in the literature herein. In general, many research reports introduced the –admissible condition on the basis of . However, this condition is not applicable for finding the fixed points of self-mappings in many cases. We propose –admissible on the basis of which generalize the case we mentioned in the literature. To support our new concepts, we present two examples at the end of this paper.

Global transonic solutions of hot-Jupiter model for exoplanetary atmosphere

In this paper, we make modifications to the original hot-Jupiter model, which addresses the problem of hydrodynamic escape for the planetary atmosphere. The model involves the Euler equation with gravity, tidal effect, and heat. We employ the generalised Glimm technique to prove the presence of transonic solutions to the problem. By adjusting the dilation of the characteristic fields, we enhance the accuracy of the Glimm–Goodman wave interaction estimates. This allows us to establish a more general admissible condition for stabilizing the generalised Glimm scheme. Additionally, we derive the exact relationship between the lower bound of the gas velocity in the subsonic state and the adiabatic constant of the gas. Under certain constraints on the transonic initial and boundary data, the limit of the approximation solutions represents an entropy transonic solution with bounded variations. Furthermore, we are able to determine the feasible hydrodynamical region directly from the equation itself, without the need for any additional state equation.

An analytical model for Love wave in a coated piezoelectric bar via nonlocal theory due to an impulsive source

The non-locality behavior of new advanced functionally graded (FG) and piezoelectric (PE) nanobar is presented in this study with an impulsive point source using green function derivatives. The primary aim of this study is to explore the impact of different physical parameters on the phase dispersion phenomena against wave number and depth of point source of Love wave propagation. The stress tensor is considered the linear variation of the shear stress distribution in the thickness direction, and the shear stress at the free surface of the piezoelectric bar is zero. Using the Fourier transform and Green’s function technique, the equations of motion and the dispersion relation is derived by applying admissible boundary conditions involving piezoelectricity, dielectricity, functional gradient, and nonlocal elastic parameters of the media. The obtained results are validated with existing results by considering special cases. The variation in the dispersion curves due to the impulsive point source and piezoelectricity, dielectricity, functional gradient, and non-locality parameters have been analyzed and illustrated using graphs along with a comparative study by considering four piezoelectric materials, PZT-4, PZT-5A, PZT-5H, and PZT-2. Furthermore, the relationship between nonlocal parameters in the layer and half-space is investigated to explore the influence of wave number, phase velocity, and depth of point source.

Low-dose overlap initiation with split tablets of buprenorphine in intubated intensive care unit patients with opioid use disorder

BackgroundAs the opioid public health crisis evolves to include fentanyl and other potent synthetic opioids, more patients are admitted to the hospital with serious complications of drug use and frequently require higher levels of care, including intensive care unit (ICU) admission, for acute and chronic conditions related to opioid use disorder (OUD). This patient population poses a unique challenge when managing sedation and ensuring adequate ventilation while intubated given their high opioid requirements. Starting a patient on medications such as buprenorphine may be difficult for inpatient providers unfamiliar with its use, which may lead to undertreatment of patients with OUD, prolonged mechanical ventilation and length of stay.MethodsWe developed a 7-day buprenorphine low dose overlap initiation (LDOI) schedule for patients with OUD admitted to the ICU (Table 1). Buprenorphine tablets were split by pharmacists and placed into pre-made blister packs as a kit to be loaded into the automated medication dispensing machine for nursing to administer daily. An internal quality review validated the appropriate dosing of split-dose tablets. To simplify order entry and increase prescriber comfort with this new protocol, we generated an order set within our electronic health record software with prebuilt buprenorphine titration orders. This protocol was implemented alongside patient and healthcare team education and counseling on the LDOI process, with follow-up offered to all patients upon discharge.ResultsHere we report a series of 6 ICU patients started on buprenorphine using the LDOI schedule with split buprenorphine tablets. None of the 6 patients experienced precipitated withdrawal upon buprenorphine initiation using the LDOI schedule, and 5/6 patients were successfully extubated during the buprenorphine initiation. Four of six patients had a decrease in daily morphine milligram equivalents, with 3 patients transitioning to buprenorphine alone.ConclusionInitiating buprenorphine via LDOI was found to be successful in the development of a protocol for critically ill patients with OUD. We examined LDOI of buprenorphine in intubated ICU patients and found no events of acute precipitated withdrawal. This protocol can be used as a guide for other institutions seeking to start critically ill patients on medication treatment for OUD during ICU admission.

Preconditions for the realization of the right to initiate the case on the establishment, renewal and revocation of judicial protection measures

The principle of free access to justice is guaranteed and protected by both the Constitution of the Republic Moldova and international treaties. Free access to justice is not an absolute right and may be limited by the establishment of admissibility conditions. Therefore, the realization of the right to initiate civil proceedings determined by the meeting of certain prerequisites and conditions established by law. In this article we propose to address a problem of the preconditions of realization of the right to initiate the case for the establishment, renewal or revocation of judicial protection measures. In this article we will explain the general aspects regarding the preconditions of the realization of the right to initiate the case, and directly on the premises of realization of the right to initiate the case for the establishment, renewal or revocation of judicial protection measures. At the same time, anticipating the events, we specify that this scientific article will make a joint body with another article that will investigate the issue of the conditions for the realization of the right to initiate the case for the establishment, renewal or revocation of judicial protection measures.

Advanced Optimal Tracking Control With Stability Guarantee via Novel Value Learning Formulation.

In this article, to solve the optimal tracking control problem (OTCP) for discrete-time (DT) nonlinear systems, general value iteration (GVI) scheme and online value iteration (VI) algorithms with novel value function are discussed. First, the disadvantage of the traditional value function for the OTCP is presented and the novel value function is introduced. Second, we analyze the monotonicity and convergence of GVI and establish the admissibility condition of GVI to evaluate the admissibility of the current iterative control. Note that a novel approach is introduced to analyze the admissibility. Third, based on the attraction domain, improved control policies with online VI can be obtained by judging the location of the current tracking error and reference point. Finally, the stability of the online VI-based control system is guaranteed. Besides, we provide two simulation examples to show the performance of the proposed methods.

Legality of restrictions on the right to freedom of movement in the conditions of armed conflict

The article examines the legitimate conditions for limiting the right to freedom of movement as established by international standards. It was determined that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights contains universal conditions for limiting all rights, without singling out freedom of movement. However, the act establishes general principles such as the exclusivity of restriction terms, formal certainty, and completeness of the list of restriction goals. Later documents supplemented these conditions with the social necessity of the restriction and the proportionality of the means of restriction with their legitimate goals. In the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and in Protocol No. 4 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the legitimate purposes of restricting freedom of movement were separately defined. These include the protection of national security, public order, the health or morals of the population, the rights and freedoms of other persons, and the prevention of crimes. These limitations are exhaustive, and national legislation should not go beyond them. The author analyzed the conditions for admissibility of restricting the right to freedom of movement under normal and emergency conditions. It was concluded that general requirements apply to the restriction of the right to freedom of movement during a state of emergency (armed conflict), as well as to restrictions under normal conditions. These requirements include prohibitions of destruction and excessive restriction that would be contrary to international human rights standards, as well as encroachment on the essential content of the right to freedom of movement. The criteria for the admissibility of restrictions on the right to freedom of movement, such as legality, necessity, and legitimacy of the purpose of the restriction, should also be applied. However, under extraordinary conditions, such as a state of emergency, there are increased demands. The right to derogate from international human rights obligations is possible in the presence or imminence of public danger within the limits corresponding to the severity of the situation and according to the procedure of official and public notification. Characteristic signs of restriction of the right to freedom of movement in the conditions of an emergency are their massive but temporary nature.

H∞ Control for 2D Singular Continuous Systems

This paper considers the problem of admissibility and admissibilization of 2D singular continuous systems described by the Roesser model. A necessary and sufficient admissibility condition is first proposed for 2D singular continuous systems in terms of a strict Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI). Then, a necessary and sufficient condition is established for the closed-loop system to be admissible (i.e., stable, regular, and impulse-free). Moreover, the stability condition is completed to give a sufficient condition to ensure a specified H∞ disturbance attenuation level for the state feedback closed loop. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, a numerical example is given to illustrate an admissibilization of a state feedback closed-loop system.

Hysteretic models with damage and flexibility increase

The need to accurately describe nonlinear degrading phenomena in both modern and classical complex materials that exhibit hysteretic behavior is a relevant task for the analysis of their response. In the present study an enrichment to an existing formulation to describe strength and stiffness degradation is proposed. The description of damage, that reduces the hysteretic force, is then accompanied by the introduction of flexibility increase, which increments the elastic displacement experienced by the system. Both effects influence the energy dissipated by the system. The condition of thermodynamic admissibility in presence of damage and flexibility increase is derived, entailing constraints on system parameters. Additional constraints arise from consistency conditions on the transformation of the pure hysteretic system into the system with damage and flexibility increase. A numerical solution involving the forward Euler method is presented to evaluate the response quantities. The formulation is eventually applied to the elastic–plastic and Bouc Wen hysteresis models, and the influence of the degrading parameters is presented. The presented Bouc-Wen model with damage and flexibility increase is applied to study the cyclic response of a masonry panel experimentally tested to validate the numerical model and prove its capability of describing the structural response.