Conceptual View Research Articles

“Fear” as a disintegration factor: conceptual view on British-European relations in light of Brexit

The article aims at contributing to discussions on British national identity and its impact on the state’s foreign policy, with British-European relations used as an example. The author provides a concept of “fear” within the constructivist approach as a tool to explain withdrawing from the integration organisation. According to it, the logic of state’s behaviour can be explained with the help of four impulses that cause fear for one’s own identity. These are generalised categories that make it easier to analyse and describe actions taken by actors while interacting with their counteragents. Given the results of the research on British-European relations, one can conclude that deeper integration and gradually empowered supranational bodies provoke conflict between national and transnational identities. For fear of being deprived of its identity, which is of paramount importance, the United Kingdom was trying to securitise the threat by leaving the Union. Accordingly, the concept of “fear” facilitates defining reasons why politicians turn to politicising a problem and developing a security scenario, which is Brexit when it comes to British-European relations. Yet, it doesn’t guarantee identity restoration and can only aggravate internal issues, which is proved by the case of Great Britain.

Understanding tidal mixing at the Strait of Gibraltar: A high-resolution model approach

The Strait of Gibraltar is a narrow and shallow channel that controls the Mediterranean Sea thermohaline and biogeochemical balances. Strong tidal currents significantly modulate exchanges across this strait and induce an intense vertical mixing, impacting both the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean on a climatic scale. However, the turbulent processes controlling the tidal mixing location, timing, and magnitude remain unclear. To fill this gap, we investigate tidal mixing at the Strait of Gibraltar in yearly twin tidal and non-tidal simulations from a regional configuration of the three-dimensional numerical model MITgcm, using a high spatial resolution around the Strait of Gibraltar (1/200°, 100 vertical levels). More specifically, we investigate the model turbulence closure scheme, based on a turbulent kinetic energy budget, and illustrate that vertical buoyancy fluxes should be preferred to diapycnal diffusivities as mixing indicators. In agreement with previous literature, we find that tides strongly intensify vertical mixing and motions within the Strait of Gibraltar. We then demonstrate that tidal mixing relies on two main ingredients: a sustained vertical shear of horizontal velocities and a local weakening of stratification. In the Mediterranean layer, the former drives diapycnal mixing near the seafloor and the latter in shallower areas above the prominent sills of the strait. We also evidence the frequent but irregular occurrences of static instabilities in the vicinity of these sills. In the Atlantic layer, both vertical shear and stratification are involved in diapycnal mixing that develops along the trail of the eastward internal bore released at the Camarinal sill. At high frequency, the local weakening of stratification results from convergence and divergence patterns in the vicinity of the Camarinal and Espartel sills, feeding recirculation cells between the Atlantic and Mediterranean layers. In addition, we highlight that diapycnal mixing mainly develops during the westward tidal phase in the Mediterranean layer and the eastward tidal phase in the Atlantic layer. We conclude by proposing a revised conceptual view of tidal mixing at the Strait of Gibraltar, where tidally-induced recirculation cells play an instrumental role in transforming the exchanged water masses. Overall, this study emphasizes the relevance of a realistic representation of both tides and abrupt topography to simulate the exchanges through the Strait of Gibraltar and argues for the use of a specific tidal mixing parameterization otherwise.

Формирование методического подхода к адаптации субъектов малого бизнеса к нестабильным условиям рыночной среды

The author’s conceptual view on the problem of ensuring the financial and economic stability of small businesses of agriculture in unstable market conditions is presented in the article. Methodological solutions for optimize the production parameters of small businesses for adapt to uncontrolled factors of the market environment have been developed.

Toward agile Business Process Management: Description of concepts and a proposed definition

AbstractBusiness Process Management (BPM) needs to be adjusted quickly and flexibly to cope with the dynamics of the business environment, so the demand for the incorporation of agility has reached BPM. To contribute to the theoretical consolidation of Agile BPM, it is necessary to develop a conceptualization for the term, that is, to describe the essential attributes for its understanding. Communicating the meaning of the concept in reduced words occurs through the definition, so the main objective of this study is to develop a scientific definition for Agile BPM. This study was performed in three phases. First, a systematic literature review was conducted to investigate how the scientific literature has addressed Agile BPM. Next, a deductive analysis was performed to conceptualize Agile BPM. In the third phase, a consultation with experts was conducted to refine the conceptual view and critique a tentative definition, preceded by judges' analysis to consolidate the definition. As a result, the concept of Agile BPM was elaborated, and based on the reduction of this conceptualization, a scientific definition was presented which describes that Agile BPM is “the promotion of BPM in which practitioners stimulate change quickly and flexibly in order to meet organizational demands with compliance and provide a better customer experience”. There is a pioneering spirit in the present study regarding the deliberate conceptualization of Agile BPM, which provides the basis for discussion of the topic, and helps scientific dissemination through a definition, contributing to the development of a theory of Agile BPM.

CONCEPTUAL DIRECTIONS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF DENTAL CARE FOR THE POPULATION OF UKRAINE AND EUROPEAN COUNTRIES.

The aim: Conducting a scientific analysis of domestic and foreign sources of information regarding modern conceptual views on the organization of dental care for the population of Ukraine and European countries. Materials and methods: Used methods of historical-bibliographic and systematic approach. The search for literary sources was carried out in four main scientific databases: Scopus, PubMed, BVS, and Scielo. The review included original articles, research, and official recommendations from medical associations. Conclusions: Scientific analysis confirmed the expediency of reforming the dental service and substantiated the need to improve dental care as well as the dental care management system to increase medical, social, and economic efficiency.

SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE MARKETING: AN GNOSEOLOGICAL APPROACH

In the conditions of globalization changes and transformations, consideration of the issue of the formation of socially responsible marketing, analysis of conceptual views regarding the development of this issue is becoming more and more relevant. The dynamism of increasing the role of the open introduction of business is radically changing the dominants of human development. Business is increasingly aware of the relevance of implementing social programs in marketing to achieve its short-term and long-term goals, implements sustainable development marketing measures to increase competitiveness and maintain market positions. The concept of socially responsible marketing changes the understanding of the role of business as a social institution, forms a new approach to the evaluation of efficiency and its productive activities. Pure metamorphoses of social valuables and priorities generate changes of well-established practices, providing integrating process and instruments of socially responsible marketing. Increasing social awareness in the future will lead to the minimization of risks, which will make it possible to achieve high productivity and profitability of enterprises. The article examines the problems of formation and development of the concept of "socially responsible marketing"; the gnoseological approaches of socially responsible marketing are characterized. The article examines the problems of formation and development of the concept of "socially responsible marketing"; the gnoseological approaches of socially responsible marketing are characterized.

SMART technologies in modeling emotional and intellectual online course (example of Microsoft Teams)

The article offers a conceptual view of the possibilities of creating effective educational courses for higher education in the conditions of modern existential challenges – pandemics and wars. The results of the study of the benefits and expectations of students and teachers in the context of understanding the value of the educational course are presented. Conclusions were made regarding the requirements for training courses under the conditions of remote communication between participants in the educational process. The growing relevance of expanding the cognitive, organizational, motivational, control and other capabilities of all participants in the educational process, relying on their emotional intelligence and developing their emotional-intellectual competence, is emphasized. It is proposed to introduce into scientific circulation the concept of "emotional-intellectual online course" (EIOC) as a virtual educational space, created on the basis of SMART technologies, which make it possible to form and effectively support the participants of the educational process in their emotional intelligence in all components of the latter (self-awareness, selfcontrol, empathy and relationship management). A conceptual model of an emotional-intellectual online course on the MS Teams platform is presented, which was tested at the Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman.

Learning Technologies for People with Mild Intellectual Disabilities. From Digital Exclusion to Inclusive E-education in Network Society

The research focuses on the issue of learning technologies for people with mild intellectual disabilities. The analysis carried out is grounded in the theses of the network society. The initial objectives addressed three main issues: analysis of risks of digital exclusion of people with mild intellectual disabilities in highly technological developed societies; a conceptual view of learning technologies as tools to support social inclusion; and the importance of creating accessible e-learning environments to support inclusive e-education for people with mild intellectual disabilities. The authors used the analytical and descriptive method on the basis of the chosen literature sources to draw the conceptual view of functions of learning technologies in network society. The paper is structured as follows: introduction; analysis of theoretical background of network society to understand the need to go beyond technology to understand contemporary digital disparities; the overview of learning technologies for inclusive e-education for individuals at risk of digital exclusion, the research conclusions and directions for future research.

Создание стабильной финансовой системы с целью укрепления совокупной мощи государства (на примере Китая)

The authors have attempted to promote the conceptual views of Wang Yongli, a Chinese academic economist with extensive and authoritative practical experience, to the Russian audience of experts in the international monetary and financial sphere. The theoretical summary of the successful practice of China’s financial industry and the justification of the importance of urgent reform of the international monetary and financial system, presented in Wang Yongli’s book “China’s Choice in the Global Financial Turbulence” became the basis for this article. An informative translation of the book’s fragments dedicated to the reforms of the international monetary system highlights two areas, i.e. social positioning of monetary finance and reform of the international monetary system. The article analyzes the main issues identified as a result of China’s rapid financial development and determines possible ways to solve them. The purpose of financial development is to serve the real economy, and promote economic development for creating greater economic and social value through the examination of the relationship between the real economy and the virtual economy, the relationship between currency finance and real economy. The authors introduce a model of interaction of aggregate power and international influence of the country: the international influence of the country’s currency finances and its status in the international monetary and financial system. An appeal to various concepts explaining the global expansion of the US dollar leads to the conclusion that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) needs a deep reconstruction. A detailed analysis of the history of the formation, management and reform of the IMF is given, revealing its inconsistency with global development trends. The article shows the role of China after the 2008 financial crisis and the significance of the yuan in the currency basket. The study represents the author’s position on the transformation of special drawing rights (SDRs) into a super-sovereign world currency. By highlighting the issues Wang Yongli has foreseen many situations and events that are now taking place in the global monetary and financial system.

Knowing the Biosphere: Documentation, Specimens, Archives, and Names Reveal Environmental Change and Emerging Pathogens

One Health programs and trajectories are now the apparent standard for exploring the occurrence and distribution of emerging pathogens and disease. By definition, One Health has been characterized as a broadly inclusive, collaborative, and transdisciplinary approach with connectivity across local to global scales, which integrates the medical and veterinary community to recognize health outcomes emerging at the environmental nexus for people, animals, plants, and their shared landscapes. One Health has been an incomplete model, conceptually and operationally, focused on reactive and response-based foundations, to limit the impact of emerging pathogens and emerging infectious diseases and, as such, lacks a powerful proactive capacity. A proactive, predictive One Health is necessary, emanating in part from geographically/taxonomically broad and temporally deep biological collections of pathogen-host assemblages. The DAMA protocol (Document, Assess, Monitor, Act), the operational extension of the Stockholm paradigm (SP), accomplishes this task by encompassing holistic and strategic biological sampling of reservoir host assemblages and pathogens at environmental interfaces and more extensively through resurveys, with development of informatics resources digitally linked to physical specimens held in publicly accessible museum biorepositories. Archives of specimens are the foundations for accumulating interrelated archives of information (the baselines against which change can be identified and tracked), with collections serving as fundamental resources for biodiversity informatics under the conceptual evolutionary and ecological umbrella of the SP. A cultural and conceptual transformation is essential among the diverse practitioners in the One Health community, one that recognizes the necessity of placing pathogens in an evolutionary, ecological, and environmental context by integrating specimens and associated informatics into an infrastructure and networks for actionable information. As a community, it is essential to abandon response-based business as usual while looking forward toward proactive transboundary approaches that maximize our conceptual and taxonomic view of diversity across interconnected planetary scales that influence the complexity of pathogen-host interfaces. Evolution, where the past always influences the present and the future, defines our trajectory, as the need for sustained archives that describe the biosphere becomes more acute with each passing day.

DIGITAL GOODS AND DIGITAL COMMODITIES

Topicality. The digitalization process of all spheres of the economic life of society is gaining a greater scope. The concept of the commodity as the main category of commodity production was also affected by digitalization: some old products gained a digital form, but new products appeared as well that did not exist at all before the start of the digitalization process. Therefore, the study of these new phenomena becomes especially relevant.Aim and tasks. To substantiate the definition of digital commodities from the perspective of the economic science methodology. Develop a classification of digital commodities based on their durability.Materials and Methods. The paper offers a conceptual view of the digital commodities, studying their essence and features from the fundamental economic science perspective. The paper uses scientific developments of classical and marginalist economic theory of such concepts as “commodities” and “goods”.Research results. The paper proposes to separate information, information good, digital good, and digital commodity concepts. Information is something that can be encoded in the form of a bitstring. Information good is useful information, information that has a use-value and a form that allows this information to be consumed. A digital good is an information good that exists in the form of a bitstring. A digital commodity is a digital good that has a price. The paper considers the characteristics of digital goods, whether they have the same properties public goods have and can be treated as such as researchers argued it. Digital goods can be treated as public goods only if all the copies of digital goods are treated as the same digital good, which is incorrect. The paper elaborates on durability criteria for classifying digital commodities as the ability to preserve an exchange-value.Conclusion. The paper defines information, information goods, digital goods and digital commodities. Arguments are offered that digital goods are not public goods. The differences between digital goods and digital commodities are determined, and the classification of digital commodities according to the durability criterion is proposed.

European Union Regulatory Framework on Artificial Intelligence (SMEs)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its application has become a popular topic of discussion, especially within the last decade, with its being seen with both enthusiasm for the opportunities it rings, and fear of its potential. The current paper aims to investigate the European Union (EU) regulatory framework proposal on Artificial Intelligence, and its impact on small and medium size enterprises (SMEs). Within the paper, the regulatory goals and recommendations, conceptual view of AI, and global trends on its application are presented.

Conceptual View of the World and Means of Its Media Interpretation in Modern Theatrical Journalism of Ukraine

The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the methods of media interpretation of the worldview are shown in the ambiguity of the theatrical concept of view of the world in modern art. This is an important problem of the scientific tools development for the combination of different theatrical journalistic approaches, which are considered around the industry of mass culture, and have an impact on the development of social values in times of war tension. The conceptual view of the world in theatrical journalism allows a comprehensive approach to the diverse expression of symbolism, which the subjects build and reconstruct in the cultural field, demarcated in various institutional spaces. The purpose of the study is to consider the characteristics and elements of the communicative content of cultural and spiritual aspects of the worldview in the current space of theatre journalism. The following methods were used to achieve the stated purposes: system, content analysis method, and comparative. The work results determined that the concept of the modern worldview of Ukraine makes it possible to historically restore cultural traditions and their expression as a sample of the cultural structure the analysis. Theatre as a cultural element of a person forms their personality, starting with parallel events of present, based on a set of principles of society and culture. Philosophical structures, religions or political systems provide an interpretive basis with a complex vision, and sometimes with a resistant to changes vision. It was identified that questions about the world are inextricably connected with the development of culture and art. Possible answers to these questions are concentrated in works of art, the structure of which is based on original intuitions, concepts, categories, truths of the mind, axioms and symbols. All these factors create a semantic network that materialises in essential aspects of any human community. The practical significance is in the use of the work results by theatre journalists for the development of Ukrainian culture and independence during the Russo-Ukrainian war.

The Essentials of SAR, A Conceptual View of Synthetic Aperture Radar and its Remarkable Capabilities by Thomas P. Ager

The Essentials of SAR, A Conceptual View of Synthetic Aperture Radar and its Remarkable Capabilities by Thomas P. Ager

Changing dynamic of expectations for higher education academics

Universities are undergoing significant change (Kaplan, 2021). Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, external pressures meant that universities were adapting their research practices, their teaching and learning practices, and their external engagement. This research is concerned with how universities’ employment practices might be altered to meet these changing needs. Drivers for this change included increasing access to technology, requirements for greater access, student variety, and a more challenging funding environment, as well as pressure from external providers (Bakhov et al., 2021). There is diversity in how universities are addressing these demands. Some universities have invested in significant training to prepare staff to teach in blended or online environments (Llerena-Izquierdo & Ayala-Carabajo, 2021). Some universities have invested in centralized (Bearman et al., 2021), or faculty level teaching and learning units (or both), with a purview to assist academics in developing a better student experience. Another option has been the outsourcing of the design work to Online Program Managers (OPMs) who undertake the learning design work. In reality, the most common practice is a combination of different approaches, which can lead to, for example, learning designers training academics, as well as developing courses at a whole of university level, but also working at a faculty or school level. This approach has only further confused the question of the role of third space professionals such as learning designers. This area, and the effect that it has had on employment practices in higher education is under-researched at the current time. This poster reports on a preliminary study of various higher education job advertisements, seeking to identify in what way employment practices are changing (if at all) to reflect the changing dynamics of higher education expectations of academic staff members. In doing so, it establishes a research agenda for future studies in this space. The experiences during the pandemic should provide lessons for future practices and research. In order to do so, it is necessary to consider the dynamic range of influences active in this space; for this reason, a systems thinking approach provides insight into this space. Current research that focused on educator’s characteristics (professional knowledge, skills, abilities, and attitudes) found that the education sector struggled to provide satisfactory learning during this period. Educators are only one part of the story here; the other part is the role of institutions, the resources provided by governments, and the general population's expectations of the educator regardless of the challenges being experienced (Wright & Meadows, 2012; Stroh, 2015). Considered together, these elements offer insights into to how we support, assess and re-engineer our systems towards better educational outcomes (Senge, 1990). Education is a societal need and if society is not benefitting from all of the inputs, then changes should be implemented. This poster provides a conceptual view of what these changes might look like at all levels. The role of the educator, as an embedded resource in a learning system, and what abilities are needed for the role or to support the role are also discussed.

'Feeling down one evening doesn't count as having mental health problems'-Swedish adolescents' conceptual views of mental health.

To explore Swedish adolescents' conceptual views of mental health and mental health problems. A qualitative descriptive study design. Semi-structured focus group interviews and individual interviews were conducted with, in total, 32 Swedish adolescents (15-18 years old) in October-November 2020. Data were analysed using systematic text condensation. Three themes were identified through the analysis: Mental health is about how we feel; One's mental health depends on one's situation, thoughts and ways of coping; and Mental health problems should be taken seriously and can get severe. The results indicate that adolescents understand the complexity and holistic nature of mental health and mental health problems. According to the participating adolescents, positive mental health and mental health problems should be considered simultaneously to understand a young person's mental health state. Good health was described as having both absence of mental health problems and high levels of well-being: feeling well. Mental health problems were defined as something other than normal difficulties in life, but ranging from minor difficulties to more severe conditions. However, all kinds of mental health problems were termed as feeling unwell. The results suggest that adolescents are in need of support to cope with normal difficulties in life rather than lectures about life sometimes being challenging. In addition, the results highlight the need to prevent school-related stress and offer adolescents support for minor mental health problems. The findings have implications for nurses and other professionals who encounter adolescents in their profession, for example specialist nurses, school nurses and public health professionals. The findings add knowledge that could be useful for communication with adolescents about their mental health and methods to assess their mental health status. The preliminary results were presented to three classes, in year nine in lower secondary school, for validation.

Plant water uptake modelling: added value of cross-disciplinary approaches.

In recent years, research interest in plant water uptake strategies has rapidly increased in many disciplines, such as hydrology, plant ecology and ecophysiology. Quantitative modelling approaches to estimate plant water uptake and spatiotemporal dynamics have significantly advanced through different disciplines across scales. Despite this progress, major limitations, for example, predicting plant water uptake under drought or drought impact at large scales, remain. These are less attributed to limitations in process understanding, but rather to a lack of implementation of cross-disciplinary insights into plant water uptake model structure. The main goal of this review is to highlight how the four dominant model approaches, that is, Feddes approach, hydrodynamic approach, optimality and statistical approaches, can be and have been used to create interdisciplinary hybrid models enabling a holistic system understanding that, among other things, embeds plant water uptake plasticity into a broader conceptual view of soil-plant feedbacks of water, nutrient and carbon cycling, or reflects observed drought responses of plant-soil feedbacks and their dynamics under, that is, drought. Specifically, we provide examples of how integration of Bayesian and hydrodynamic approaches might overcome challenges in interpreting plant water uptake related to different travel and residence times of different plant water sources or trade-offs between root system optimization to forage for water and nutrients during different seasons and phenological stages.

Researcher of Interdisciplinity and Scientific Synthesis of Ukrainian Studies (To the 85th Anniversary of Yaroslav Kalakura)

The article analyzes the life path and creative works of the famous Ukrainian studies scholar, historiographer, source researcher, archivist, doctor of historical sciences, professor, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Higher School of Ukraine, Yaroslav Kalakura, who celebrates his eighty-fifth birthday this year. The contribution of the scientist to various directions of Ukrainian studies is highlighted, in particular, in the development of theoretical and methodological foundations as well as conceptual and terminological tools of Ukrainian studies, problems of historical source studies, special historical disciplines, archival studies and archival management, in the creation of a number of educational textbooks and manuals.It is shown that Ya. Kalakura was one of those who at the dawn of the restoration of Ukrainian independence in the 90s of the 20th century understood the importance for our Motherland of Ukrainian studies – an integrative system of scientific knowledge about Ukraine, Ukrainians and world Ukrainians in space and time. The level of fruitful cooperation of Ya. Kalakura with the Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies was clarified, the works of the scientist on the key problems of history, theory and methodology of Ukrainian studies, his interdisciplinary connection with historical science and other fields of knowledge were analyzed. The conceptual views of Ya. Kalakura in a number of topical works on the civilizational, sociocultural and anthropological history of Ukraine created with his participation are singled out. The role of the scientist in countering anti-Ukrainian forces, primarily the Russian Federation, denying the identity of the Ukrainian people as a state-political and ethno-cultural reality, attempts to enlist the arguments of history to legitimize and justify the occupation and genocidal war against Ukraine, with the help of weapons to return it to the so-called "great historical Russia" and "Russian world" is revealed.

Cinderella or princess: Past and present of economic history

The article considers: (a) the main features of the development of economic history (EH) as an academic discipline in the second half of the 20th century; key challenges faced by the EH in the early 2020s. Based on the results of the survey of 147 international economic historians author reveals the most popular methods used by scholars from different local research communities. Special attention is paid to the study of respondents’ perception of the place of EH among other sciences. The analysis has shown that nowadays EH is gradually becoming an interdisciplinary research platform connecting scholars from a wide variety of subject At the same time, these scholars are united not as much by the unity of conceptual views, as by the desire to study EH not for the sake of history per se, but for the sake of finding the origins of modern social and economic challenges. The article also contains the results of a survey of 42 Russian economic historians about the theoretical and methodological assumptions they use and their vision of the problems of studying economic history in today’s Russia. The analysis has revealed that one of the main challenges for the development of the Russian community of economic historians is its high fragmentation, manifested in the lack of methodological consensus, as well as a rather pessimistic vision of future prospects of EH.

A Step toward Next-Generation Advancements in the Internet of Things Technologies.

The Internet of Things (IoT) devices generate a large amount of data over networks; therefore, the efficiency, complexity, interfaces, dynamics, robustness, and interaction need to be re-examined on a large scale. This phenomenon will lead to seamless network connectivity and the capability to provide support for the IoT. The traditional IoT is not enough to provide support. Therefore, we designed this study to provide a systematic analysis of next-generation advancements in the IoT. We propose a systematic catalog that covers the most recent advances in the traditional IoT. An overview of the IoT from the perspectives of big data, data science, and network science disciplines and also connecting technologies is given. We highlight the conceptual view of the IoT, key concepts, growth, and most recent trends. We discuss and highlight the importance and the integration of big data, data science, and network science along with key applications such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, blockchain, federated learning, etc. Finally, we discuss various challenges and issues of IoT such as architecture, integration, data provenance, and important applications such as cloud and edge computing, etc. This article will provide aid to the readers and other researchers in an understanding of the IoT’s next-generation developments and tell how they apply to the real world.