Conceptual Paradigm Research Articles

Глобальная социально-экономическая парадигма в системе высшего образования и государственного управления

The subjects of the research are the transformation of the global socio-economic paradigm and its impact on the system of higher education and public administration. The purpose of the study is to identify the factors of transformation of the global socio-economic paradigm and to establish its influence on the formation of ideological attitudes of university students and the peculiarities of the state economic policy. The article examines the peculiarities of the process of changing socio-economic paradigms in economic theory and economic policy, explores the concept of socio-economic paradigm and the reasons for its transformation from the point of view of philosophy and methodology of science. The analysis of the causes, factors and driving forces of the transformation of socio-economic paradigms in the nineteenth century is conducted. The features of the transition from the Keynesian to the neoliberal economic paradigm are highlighted. As an alternative to the neoliberal socio-economic paradigm, the principles of the Beijing Consensus are investigated. The degree to which the economic and political conditions that have developed after the global financial and economic crisis open up opportunities for the transition from neoliberalism to a new socio-economic paradigm is assessed. It is concluded that the most important factor in the formation of socio-economic paradigms is economic education. After the global financial and economic crisis of 2008-2009, it became obvious that orthodox economic ideas and policies can no longer adequately solve the main problems facing Western economies. It is concluded that the neoliberal consensus remains dominant, albeit in a modified form, in public discourse and politics in most developed countries. There is no guarantee that there will not be a paradigm shift in economic thought and policy in the coming years.

Bridging the Strategy Execution Gap of Designing Intelligent Talent Acquisition Systems Using Enterprise Modelling and Simulation

ABSTRACT The development of modern intelligent systems poses numerous challenges in their strategic alignment and their effectiveness to a greater extent. Enterprise modelling emerged as a significant paradigm for holistic and systematic enterprise analysis and design. We develop a multi-view approach based on enterprise modelling and simulation that bridges the strategy execution gap between talent acquisition processes and the underlying intelligent information systems design. The approach integrates a set of techniques and tools that are rooted in the conceptual modelling paradigm. We demonstrate the value of the proposed approach in a case study, and then discuss its practical and theoretical implications.

Aggregating Local and Global Text Features for Linguistic Steganalysis

Existing linguistic steganalysis methods share a similar conceptual learning paradigm: namely, learning specific features derived from a word and its surrounding words, then passing them to the classifier. However, these features are unable to deal with the impact of the association between words and the corpus, which gives rise to significant limitations. In this paper, we discover the missing link between the words and the corpus, and accordingly propose a framework of linguistic steganalysis named LS-BGAT. Specifically, we fine-tune a large-scale pre-training BERT as the local feature extraction model and employ Graph Attention Network (GAT) as the global feature extraction model. Through ensuring collaboration between the local BERT-based features and the global GAT-based features in the joint prediction layer, we combine rich semantic and syntactic information at the sentence level with underlying global information at the corpus level. Furthermore, we extend the binary classification of steganalysis to multi-category classification, thereby enhancing practicality. We empirically substantiate the effectiveness and universality of LS-BGAT on three tasks.

Опыт Просвещения в России: гумбольдтовская модель университета в зеркале университетских реформ А.В. Головнина

Although the Russian Enlightenment occupies an important place in the intel­lectual tradition of Russia, some of its periods and key representatives continue escaping the attention of scholars. One such example is the figure of Alexander Vasilyevich Golovnin, Minister of Public Education (1861–1866) during the reign of Alexander II. A liberal in his political views and a thinker of the En­lightenment in his frame of mind, Golovnin acted as one of the initiators and the main executors of the broad educational reforms of the 1860s. The central element of these reforms was the reform of university education, enshrined in the University Charter of 1863. The reform project itself partly followed the model of the “classical” university proposed at the beginning of the 19th cen­tury by Wilhelm von Humboldt and implemented by him by establishing the Uni­versity in Berlin (1810). The article discusses the key points of Golovnin’s university reform and shows its connection with the Humboldt model of the uni­versity, which, in its main principles, reflects the ideals and values of the Ger­man neohumanism of the 19th century with its focus on the formation (Bildung) of the individual. It is noteworthy that the same Bildung ideal, which appeared as the conceptual paradigm of the Prussian reforms of secondary and higher ed­ucation in 1807–1814 also turns out to be the defining principle of Golovnin’s educational reforms, thereby confirming adherence of the Russian reforms to the goals of the Enlightenment.

Conceptual paradigms of the Europeanization of the educational process in higher school and the system of postgraduate pedagogical education: focus of modern narratives vs traditionalism

Conceptual paradigms of the Europeanization of the educational process in higher school and the system of postgraduate pedagogical education: focus of modern narratives vs traditionalism

Why animal model studies are lost in translation.

The development of novel therapies based on understanding the pathophysiologic basis of disease is a major goal of biomedical research. Despite an explosion in new knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of disease derived from animal model investigations, translation into effective treatment for human patients has been disappointingly slow. Several fundamental problems may explain the translational failures. First, the emphasis on novel and highly significant findings selectively rewards implausible, low-probability observations and high-magnitude effects, providing a biased perspective of the pathophysiology of disease that underappreciates the complexity and redundancy of biological systems. Second, even when a sound targetable mechanism is identified, animal models cannot recapitulate the pathophysiologic heterogeneity of the human disease, and are poor predictors of therapeutic success. Third, traditional classifications of most complex diseases are based primarily on clinical criteria and do not reflect the diverse pathophysiologic mechanisms that may be involved. The development of a flexible and dynamic conceptual paradigm that takes into account the totality of the evidence on the mechanisms of disease, and pathophysiologic stratification of patients to identify subpopulations with distinct pathogenetic mechanisms, are crucial for the development of new therapeutics.

Introduction to Latin American Studies and the Humanities: Past, Present, Future

This essay outlines the three articles in this dossier, “Latin American Studies and the Humanities: Past, Present, Future.” The authors, working in different disciplines, contribute to debates about how to reconceptualize area studies. Each article considers how area studies might be enriched by considering different spatial scales and incorporating methodologies drawn from ethnic studies disciplines. Our introduction explains how each essay contributes to our understanding of five key issues in Latin American studies: (1) the relationship between the field’s regionally bound framework and emerging conceptual paradigms like the global South; (2) the potential for interdisciplinary, rather than multidisciplinary, research; (3) how to place Latin American studies in dialogue with ethnic studies; (4) how to rethink the origins of Latin American studies by tracing the long history of Latin America–generated knowledge about the region; and (5) how recent indigenous studies approaches might decolonize the field of Latin American studies.

Сommunicative-pragmatic signs and functions of the scientific style of modern Ukrainian literary language

The article analyzes the conceptual paradigm of scientific style as a type of literary language from the point of view of the concept of encyclopedic coverage of the terminological system of Ukrainian linguistic stylistics. Particular attention is paid to the establishment of communicative and pragmatic features, functions of the scientific style and its varieties (scientific-educational, popular science, scientific-journalistic substyles), coverage of theoretical issues of historiosophy and historiography of style in Ukrainian linguistics. In the system of concepts, literature is considered as the main category and the term as a differential unit of scientific texts. The concept of scientific style is systematized in the context of the typology of language thinking, the establishment of a view on the history of the literary language and its styles as phenomena closely related to the philosophy of culture, the development of national consciousness. The integrative aspect proposed in the article complements the structural-level analysis of the texts and involves the interpretation of the style category in the context of the typology of language thinking, the definition of concepts subordinate to it, the establishment of a view on the history of the literary language and its styles as phenomena closely related to the philosophy of culture, the development of national consciousness. The conceptual paradigm of scientific style requires the establishment of hypero-hyponymic connections and an encyclopedic (short and at the same time informatively comprehensive) substantiation of the status of concepts, the establishment of their differential features and the highlighting of the historiography of style in Ukrainian linguistics, which will be an intermediate summary of the acquisitions in this field of Ukrainian linguistics and at the same time make it accessible them for the wider philological community. The scientific style serves the needs of important spheres of the Ukrainian language spaceeducation and science, the development of which testifies to the intellectual level of the nation. Keywords: scientific style, scientific text, concepts, scientific and educational sub-style, popular scientific sub-style, scientific and journalistic sub-style

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ В ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОМ УПРАВЛЕНИИ: ОТ НОВОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА К УПРАВЛЕНИЮ ПУБЛИЧНОЙ ПОЛИТИКОЙ

The article examines the evolution of the conceptual paradigm of public administration under the influence of the response of administrative reforms to emerging crisis phenomena in the economy and society. At the end of the last decades of the last century, administrative transformations took place under the influence of the neoliberal strategy of public administration managerialization, i.e., the introduction of market mechanisms and structures into it. Ideologically, these administrative reforms were based on the New Public Management. By the end of the century, however, the failures and paradoxes of this line of reform and its ideology became visible. It required a restructuring of the administrative system in the direction of including citizens and their associations in the administrative process. The network, horizontal mechanism of governance has found expression in the concept of a New Public Governance. However, here, too, the focus on «governance without government» turned out to be a deterrent to the publicity of public administration. In the second decade, new needs began to emerge related to a more systematic public administration and its connection with public policy. Concepts such as «holistic», «strategic», «flexible» and «resilient» governance reflected a new relationship between politics and administration - from differentiation to unity. On this basis, as shown in the article, Governance of Public Policy can be a probable ideological model of new public administration.

Design of shifting output-feedback controllers for LPV systems subject to time-varying saturations

This paper considers the problem of designing a shifting output-feedback controller for polytopic linear parameter-varying (LPV) systems subject to time-varying saturations. By means of the LPV framework and the use of the Lyapunov theory, the shifting paradigm concept, and the ellipsoidal invariant theory, a linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based methodology for the controller's design is proposed. The resulting gain-scheduled controller holds the control action in the linearity region of the actuators and regulates online the closed-loop convergence taking into account the instantaneous saturation limit values. The proposed approach is validated by means of an illustrative example.

ANALYSIS OF KARL MARX'S THOUGHT IN "VALUE, PRICE AND PROFIT" ON THOMAS KUHN’S SCIENTIFIC PARADIGM AND UMAR BIN KHATTAB’S FIQH OF ECONOMIC

This study examined the relationship between Karl Marx’s thought and the concept of Thomas Kuhn's paradigm. The thought of Karl Marx employed in this article is a copy of Karl Marx's speech entitled "value, price and profit". The Karl Marx’s thought was analyzed using the four phases of science development from Thomas Kuhn. Furthermore, the thought of Karl Marx was also reviewed in terms of Islamic Economics, particularly Umar bin Khattab’s Fiqh of Economic. The methodology used in this research is a literature review with various references related to the issues raised. The results of the analysis present that Karl Marx's thought contained in the speech "value, price and profit" fulfill the four phases of science development from Thomas Kuhn. The thought of Karl Marx also possesses some similarities with the concept of distribution of Umar bin Khattab.

Kūniškos mediacijos: biomedijos šiuolaikinėje kontrolės visuomenėje

The aim of this article is to present, discuss and critically reflect the emerging in media studies notion of biomedia, which refutes the alleged dichotomy between technology and the body. In the broadest sense, biomedia can be construed as a particular way of mediation whereby the media directly affect and transform the biological dimension of the body and vice versa. The article opens with the discussion of the context in which biomedia emerge – the societies of control (G. Deleuze). In the this first part, the genesis of the concept of biomedia is discussed, as well as two conceptual paradigms – epistemological (E. Thacker’s “dark media”) and ethical (M. Fuller, A. Goffey’s “gray media”) are presented. In the second part, the nexus between biomedia and the cyberbiopolitical regime is highlighted, as well as a peculiar form of biopower, functioning through biomedia – neuropower (W. Neidich) is presented. Ultimately, two potential resistance lines (negative and critical) are examined.

Virtual-Digital Self of Public Human

The purpose of the article is distinguishing between "internal" and "external" public human through comprehending the phenomenon of Self in its virtual-digital essence as a popular demonstrative-project space "BETWEEN" aggression and harmony. Theoretical basis of the work is based on the study of the phenomenon of modern human aggression in the virtual-digital space and the "project space" of the living environment through understanding the nature of the human "I". The penetration limits of the Self of the public human into the "project space" are comprehended and the nature of the self-realization and self-search models of human through the "transcendent ego" is revealed. Originality is demonstrated through comprehending the Self phenomenon of the public human, which forms new anthropological research direction and represents a conceptual paradigm of relationship of "human I – publicity – human We – the living space of the Other". Conclusions. The Self of the public human as the space "BETWEEN" does not completely "dissolve" in a separate ontological basis, but is the basis for the formation of his/her "I", while only participation in the existence of others reveals the meaning of his/her own existence. Such interaction requires significant human efforts – skills and competencies of public communication, which are able to create a successful self-identification of a public human without aggression and conflict.

Fullerowski paradygmat (nie)dobrego prawa i jego aktualność „hic et nunc”

The subject of the article is Fuller’s concept of the (not) good law paradigm defined by three notions: “internal morality of law,” “natural law of a formal nature,” and “formal rule of law” — in the perspective of its application in the current legal order of the Republic of Poland. The discourse was conducted in two stages: on a general, theoretical, and axiological levels as well as on a detailed, practical, and praxeological ones.
 The epistemological level with its retrospective view bears resemblance of two models: bad law and good law. The first, encapsulated in literary legal fiction, describes eight cases (anti-values) of King Rex’s legislative failures. King Rex is monarch with authoritarian and conservative traits who excludes the system of government based on the proportional cohabitation of three powers — legislative, executive, and judicative — in favour of anocracy, which is a hybrid regime “suspended” between democracy and authoritarianism. The second is a remedy in the form of axiological contours, postulates (values) of good law: generality, promulgation, prospectivity, clarity, non-contradiction, reality, stability, and compliance. These principles of the formal rule of law, contained in the concept of “soft” jusnaturalism, are a specific professional and ethical code for the public authority which constitutes, executes, and applies the law.
 The practical-cognitive level refers to subjectively selected examples of abusing the good lawstandard in the Polish legal and administrative order. It shows the omnipotent and simultaneously dysfunctional executive power in the area of governance and administration, aimed at a radical reconstruction of the social and legal system.

Restoration of cross-border Ukrainian-Polish man-made territories of Roztochia by phytomeliorative methods

Extraction leads to the formation of specific anthropogenic landscapes, which are mining. They are inferior in the area to agriculture and forestry. As a result, the lithogenic basis of landscapes is broken, and there is a fast alteration of a surface therefore the man-made neo relief is formed.The purpose of the work is theoretical substantiation of phytocoenotic bases of afforestation of dump landscapes and practical realization of biological-coenotic grounds of technology of creation of forest cultures on the reclaimed lands which correspond to concepts of nature conservation paradigms and are based on data of morphophysiological monitoring and application of mycorrhizal technologies.The object of comparative studies are selected syngenetic phytomeliorants: common reed (Phragmites australis); buttercup caustic (Ranunculus acris); horsetail (Equisetum arvense); Reed warbler (Phalaroides arundinacea); goat willow (Salix coprea). The experimental material was taken from the territory of underground smelting of sulfur, areas adjacent to Yavoriv quarry, control samples – from the adjacent intact area. Quantitative determination of pigments was performed by the standard spectrophotometric method, as well as by the method of derivative spectroscopy. The activity of the photosynthetic apparatus was studied by photoinduced chlorophyll fluorescence.Studies have shown statistically significant changes in the quantitative composition of plastid pigments in plant leaves in all studied areas compared to their appropriate background values.The technology of forest reclamation of anthropogenic geocomplexes has been developed and tested by creating silvicultural areas based on mycorrhized planting material. The system of landscape-ecological reclamation measures, together with complex ecological monitoring, serves as a basis for sustainable development of cross-border Ukrainian-Polish man-made territories of Roztochia.

АНАЛІЗ УПРАВЛІННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЮ ПІДСИСТЕМОЮ ТОВ «ЛУКМІ УКРАЇНА»

The article provides insights into the specifics and key management patterns related to the socio-psychological subsystem of a consulting company. According to current standards, the study offers an assessment on social responsibility of the consulting company along with suggesting argument on the need to implement socially responsible programs and activities to enhance the competitiveness of LUKMI UKRAINE Ltd consulting company. The hypothesis of the study is based on the statement that given the research results, tackling interpersonal relationships is critically important for the organization, since conflicts and misunderstandings between colleagues may translate into derailing of strategic planning and create barriers to attaining goals. Accordingly, a study of human behavior psychology will facilitate management regulation process which in turn might contribute to attaining better management performance and boost management effectiveness. The purpose of the research is to identify the role and significance of studying modern practices in managing a company socio-psychological subsystem in the context of the national economy development and the realia of structural and innovative transformations. To attain the research objectives, the following methods have been employed: dialectical, structural and systemic methods – to build a structural and logical model to ensure effective management of socio-psychological subsystem of the enterprise, historical and systemic approaches, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction techniques – to explore the conceptual paradigm of company management. The study presents the structure and the nature of the company socio-psychological subsystem and the specifics of its successful application to foster further business development and attaining its strategic objectives – financial, structural, etc. The research findings demonstrate that better understanding by management of the content and structural elements of the consulting company socio-psychological subsystem, and good managerial skills in harnessing socio-psychological management methods to implement their executive managerial power will contribute to enhancing the current practices of the consulting company in managing the socio-psychological subsystem.

Specific features of intersemiotic translation of symbols from the perspective of conceptual and semiotic paradigm

The text of the novel “Inferno” written by Dan Brown and its film adaptation, provide the material for the analysis of symbols and their importance in both art forms. This analysis, which rests on the thesis of the conceptual nature of symbols in any literary text, is made in conceptual and semantic fields, and the concepts denoted by the analyzed symbols are pointed out. Given that the text of the source novel is abundant in symbols of various degrees of textual importance, not all of them were subject of research in this paper. The basic symbol of the source text, the Inferno, was singled out, as well as a number of symbols embodied by novel and film personages. In the research, frequent techniques of intersemiotic translations were analyzed as concerns their role in symbol rendering: omission, typical of the studied case of intersemiotic translation, which can be combined with the technique of addition. In the latter case, the degree of expressive force of the symbol can be considerably altered. The greatest shift in the degree of importance of a symbol is named ‘symbol transformation’, it is observed when symbols (in the given case, symbolic personages of the source text) lose their expressive force and the features of a symbol, i.e., in the process of intersemiotic translation these symbols are lost. The suggested model of analysis can be applied in other cases of intersemiotic translation, and other techniques, together with their combinations, can be found.

FEMINIST JURISPRUDENCE AND ITS MANY CORNERS: BUILDING A SOCIO-LEGAL PERSPECTIVE IN THE INDIAN SOCIETY

This paper tends to explore the various branches of the Feminist Jurisprudence and its inter-section with the other disciplines. To understand the socio-legal nuances involved in the concept of achieving a gender just framework there is a need to analyze the vast scholarly literature available on the subject. Therefore, an attempt has been made to conceptualize the problem of gender inequality existing between the relations of men and women in the Indian society. And finally connecting the scope of this analysis for building a contemporary understanding of the concept of Gender Justice paradigm in the Indian scenario. KEYWORDS: Feminist Jurisprudence, Gender, Gender-relations, Intersectionality, Gender Justice.

Bellamy, Liz. The Language of Fruit: Literature and Horticulture in the Long Eighteenth Century.

Bellamy, Liz. <i>The Language of Fruit: Literature and Horticulture in the Long Eighteenth Century</i>.

Premises and Problems: Essays on World Literature and Cinema by Luiza Franco Moreira

Reviewed by: Premises and Problems: Essays on World Literature and Cinema by Luiza Franco Moreira Hande Gurses Luiza Franco Moreira. Premises and Problems: Essays on World Literature and Cinema. Albany: State U of New York P, 2021. Pp. 233. US$105.00 hardcover, US$32.95 paperback. Almost two centuries after Goethe’s coinage, world literature [Weltliteratur] continues to be a category that abounds with debates as it invites multiple modes of analysis, reading, and categorization. The complexities and tensions inherent to world literature encourage interdisciplinary interventions ranging from history to geography, from political science to philosophy. Premises and Problems: Essays on World Literature and Cinema contributes to the ongoing debates around world literature by focusing on the various definitions of the categories of “world” and “literature” as well as the resulting violence of their respective boundaries. Edited by Luiza Franco Moreira, Premises and Problems: Essays on World Literature and Cinema is the result of a colloquium organized by the Fernand Braudel Center and Binghamton University’s Department of Comparative Literature in April 2016. The volume appears as part of the series published by the Fernand Braudel Center Studies in Historical Social Science. In her introduction, Moreira states that both the volume and the colloquium express a “convergence of interests between the Center and the Department” (2), yet this convergence of interests does not necessarily result in an interdisciplinary methodology. Moreira draws attention to the distinction between social sciences and literature as she claims that despite sharing “an interest in world literature, their approaches do not necessarily coincide” (3). The firmness of disciplinary boundaries in a volume that questions such boundaries comes across as a missed opportunity. The volume, by directing its focus to a methodological concern, aims to call into question the definition of world literature understood as a “systematic category” (1) in the United States. Claiming that such categorical definition prioritizes certain languages while disregarding the “literary languages that do not hold a sufficiently high level of prestige” (1), the volume aims to understand the “ways that hegemony is established and the costs of losing it” (2). While examining the causes and consequences of prevailing hegemonic structures, the volume focuses “on specific historical moments that afford dynamic and not quite central perspectives on hegemony and, more generally, [End Page 574] into the conflicts between diverse literary and linguistic traditions” (2). The volume presents a wide range of linguistic diversity as well as distinct temporal and geographical contexts. Nonetheless, the connection between diversity and the intricate workings of hegemony remains rather disconcerting. While claiming to refrain from “reproducing the point of view of the current hegemonic literatures” (2), the volume remains silent on the hegemonic reach of the languages and literary traditions that are included in the chapters. Ranging from Arabic to Portuguese, from Turkish to Spanish, these languages do have histories of various degrees of hegemonic practices as well as their respective fields of subjugation. The volume’s specific argument would have been more compelling if the implications and complexities of hegemony were more openly addressed. A closer look into the content of each chapter makes it disconcertingly clear that most of the authors and filmmakers that the contributors discuss are names with international prominence, having already gained recognition via prestigious awards and translations. Coming across the names of Bolaño, Borges, Pamuk, and Ceylan in a volume claiming to problematize the hegemony of certain linguistic traditions is disheartening to say the least. Inclusion of works by authors, translators, and filmmakers who have not made it into the syllabi of world literature courses across North American institutions would certainly enhance the argument of this volume. The chapters, organized around thematic and geographical proximity, allow the reader to follow an organic unfolding of ideas. Chapter One, by Tarek Shamma, offers a study of the impact of the translation of Aristotle’s work into Arabic by Abu Bishr Matta bin Yunus. Shamma advocates for a new understanding of translation that “challenges the standards of comprehension and miscomprehension that are usually used in the assessment” (25). Arguing that the translations into Arabic allowed for a new conceptual paradigm to become possible, Shamma advocates for the exploration of “the...