Domain Concepts Research Articles

Defining chiropractic professional identity: A concept analysis

BackgroundThe concept of professional identity within chiropractic is often discussed and debated, however in the field to date, there is no formal definition of chiropractic professional identity (CPI). This article aims to create a coherent definition of CPI and to formalise the conceptual domains that may encompass it. MethodsUsing the Walker and Avant (2005) process, a concept analysis methodology was employed to clarify the diffuse concept of CPI. This method initially involved selecting the concept (CPI), determining the aims and purpose of the analysis, identifying concept uses, and defining attributes. This was achieved from a critical literature review of professional identity across health disciplines. Chiropractic-related model, borderline and contrary cases were used to exemplify characteristics of CPI. The antecedents required to inform CPI, consequences of having, and ways to measure the concept of CPI were evaluated. ResultsFrom the concept analysis data, CPI was found to encompass six broad attributes or domains: knowledge and understanding of professional ethics and standards of practice, chiropractic history, practice philosophy and motivations, the roles and expertise of a chiropractor, professional pride and attitude, and professional engagement and interaction behaviours. These domains were not mutually exclusive and may overlap. ConclusionA conceptual definition of CPI may bring together members and groups within the profession and promote intra-professional understanding across other disciplines. The CPI definition derived from this concept analysis is: ‘A chiropractor's self-perception and ownership of their practice philosophies, roles and functions, and their pride, engagement, and knowledge of their profession’.

From analytical levels to range of relations – Applying a multi-relational approach to the multi-level perspective

The research of transition processes in the context of climate change and sustainability has experienced a rapid growth in recent years. A popular framework to understand the dynamics of such socio-technical transitions is the multi-level perspective (MLP) developed by Geels and others. Two topics have been rising in the expanding discussion on Sustainability Transitions: develop a processual understanding of the proposed levels and integrating the “experimental turn” in transition research into the framework. Against this background, we ask whether and how the MLP approach can be used to better understand real-world laboratory settings regarding their form and dynamic. Doing so, we change from multi-level perspective (MLP) to multi-relational perspective (MRP). Our framework is based on Harrison White's concepts of identity and network domains. As proof of concept we rely on the case study on the empirical project “KlimaNetze” (ClimateNets) that investigates the role of social networks in urban climate change governance in a midsized German City.

A Cognitive Analysis on Conceptual Metaphor in English Economic Discourse

As one of the major theories in cognitive linguistics, conceptual metaphor has received lots of attention from scholars at home and abroad since it was first brought up. Metaphor is a cross-domain mapping from one concrete conceptual domain to another. Cognitive linguists recognize that metaphor converts complex and abstract concepts into intuitive and specific concepts, which is conducive to the understanding of abstract concepts and conducting abstract thinking. This is also why conceptual metaphor was widely used in economic discourse utilizing familiar concepts to help people comprehend abstract and obscure economic concepts. Based on the related theories of cognitive linguistics, taking economic passages about Chinese economy and business activities in The Economist as an example, this paper aims to find out and analyze some representative conceptual metaphors describing Chinese economy in economic discourse by the methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis with the hope to help ESP learners with their learning of economic discourse.

Getting in touch with metadata: a DDI subset for FAIR metadata production in clinical psychology

To address metadata with researchers it is important to use models that include familiar domain concepts. In the Social Sciences, the DDI is a well-accepted source of such domain concepts. To create FAIR data and metadata, we need to establish a compact set of DDI elements that fit the requirements in projects and are likely to be adopted by researchers inexperienced with metadata creation. Over time, we have engaged in interviews and data description sessions with research groups in the Social Sciences, identifying a manageable DDI subset. A recent Clinical Psychology project, TOGETHER, dealing with risk assessment for hereditary cancer, considered the inclusion of a DDI subset for the production of metadata that are timely and interoperable with data publication initiatives in the same domain. Taking a DDI subset identified by the data curators, we make a preliminary assessment of its use as a realistic effort on the part of researchers, taking into consideration the metadata created in two data description sessions, the effort involved, and overall metadata quality. A follow-up questionnaire was used to assess the perspectives of researchers regarding data description.

A Machine Translation Like Approach to Generate Business Process Model from Textual Description

Modeling is one of the core tasks in Business Process Management (BPM). It represents the most critical step in the BPM life cycle and is considered as a time consuming and costly task. These challenges raised the question of how researchers can save this cost by building tools that could support modeling experts in their work to reduce the manual workload. In this paper, we propose a Machine Translation (MT) like approach to deal with the problem of generating a business process model based on a textual description. We chose to follow a semantic transfer-based MT approach. Our approach consists of two main phases: The natural Language Analysis phase and BPMN diagram generation. Natural Language Analysis phase aims to analyze the text and extract the required knowledge. One of the main outputs for this phase is a Concept Map which summarizes the concepts of the related domain and the relationships between these concepts. This map represents a background for our processing in the second phase where we try to generate the “translation”, which is the BPMN diagram in our case. We achieve our goal in the second phase via a set of semantic, syntactic, and morphological manipulations. The approach has been implemented and evaluated usinga similarity metric based on the Graph Edit Distance. The results show that the proposed approach was able to generate models that are more than 81% similar to those created manually by a human, outperforming the state of the art in this topic.

Translation Strategies for Conceptual Metaphors in Financial Discourse—Taking The Economist as An Example

Cognitive linguistics studies conceptual metaphor as a cognitive approach, which is essentially a mapping of one conceptual domain to another. Depending on the originating domain, conceptual metaphors can be classified into structural metaphors, orientation metaphors and ontological metaphors. In this paper, we analyze the hidden cognitive bases and tendencies behind these three types of metaphors by showing their use in The Economist, and explore the translation strategies of conceptual metaphors in financial discourse.

(Dis)connectivity in hydro‐geomorphic systems – emerging concepts and their applications

AbstractIn geomorphology, connectivity has emerged as a framework for understanding the transfer of water and sediment through landscapes. Over the past decade, sessions on (dis)connectivity at the General Assembly of the European Geosciences Union (EGU), and more recently, three mini‐conferences in 2020 and 2021 called ‘Connectivity Conversations’, organized by the International Association of Geomorphologists (IAG) working group on ‘Connectivity in Geomorphology’, have created a space for the exchange of ideas relating to (dis)connectivity in geomorphology and related disciplines. The result of these initiatives has been a collection of research articles related to a special issue (SI) entitled ‘(Dis)connectivity in hydro‐geomorphic systems – emerging concepts and their applications’. In this article, we provide a synthesis that embraces the SI contributions related to the application of the connectivity concept in different environments and geomorphic process domains, spatial and temporal scales, types and spatial dimensions of connectivity and the role of human impacts and associated river and catchment management aspects.

Development of the Engage with Impact Toolkit: A comprehensive resource to support the evaluation of patient, family and caregiver engagement in health systems.

Recent shifts in the patient, family and caregiver engagement field have focused greater attention on measurement and evaluation, including the impacts of engagement efforts. Current evaluation tools offer limited support to organizations seeking to reorient their efforts in this way. We addressed this gap through the development of an impact measurement framework and accompanying evaluation toolkit-the Engage with Impact Toolkit. The measurement framework and toolkit were co-designed with the Evaluating Patient Engagement Working Group, a multidisciplinary group of patient, family and caregiver partners, engagement specialists, researchers and government personnel. Project activities occurred over four phases: (1) project scoping and literature review; (2) modified concept mapping; (3) working group deliberationsand (4) toolkit web design. The project scope was to develop a measurement framework and an evaluation toolkit for patient engagement in health systems that were practical, accessible, menu-driven and aligned with current system priorities. Concept mapping yielded 237 impact statements that were sorted, discussed and combined into 81 unique items. A shorter list of 50 items (rated 8.0 or higher out of 10) was further consolidated to generate a final list of 35 items mapped across 8 conceptual domains of impact: (1) knowledge and skills; (2) confidence and trust; (3) equity and inclusivity; (4) priorities and decisions; (5) effectiveness and efficiency; (6) patient-centredness; (7) culture changeand (8) patient outcomes and experience. Working Group members rated the final list for importance (1-5) and identified a core set of 33 items (one for each of the 8 domains and 25 supplementary items). Two domains (priorities and decisions; and culture change) yielded the highest overall importance ratings (4.8). A web-based toolkit (www.evaluateengagement.ca) hosts the measurement framework and related evaluation supports. The Engage with Impact Toolkit builds on existing engagement evaluation tools but brings a more explicit focus to supporting organizations to assess the impacts of their engagement work. Patient, family and caregiver partners led the early conceptualization of this work and were involved at all stages and in all aspects of the work. As end-users of the toolkit, their perspectives, knowledge and opinions were critical.

CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN PSYCHOLINGUISTIC STUDY: STAGE MODEL OF INFORMATION PROCESSING

This article concerns psycholinguistics glasses metaphor is not always a tool of rhetoric or literature, but a form of strong computational ability that significantly supports human cognition by allowing similar relationship structures in different conceptual domains identifiedthe discussion of psycholinguistics regarding the intelligence of verbal linguistics of children who are explained by the picture of the stage theory where the gadget is the external stimulus and the conceptual metaphor of the keywords of friends and gadgets that are paradox Gadgets as one of some technological advances depend on the purpose and attention of parents to children.the mapping of conceptual metaphors in psycholinguistics in the domain of friends namely learning, playing, stories, and influence.

Use of the Theory of Conceptual Metaphor in Two Sonnets by Victorian Female Poets

This paper has applied the theoretical framework of conceptual metaphor theory to the analysis of the source and target domains of metaphors that are used in two English nineteenth century sonnets, both written by contemporaneous female poets. The quantitative and qualitative results of the textual analysis have clearly revealed that Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet 23 centres around the conceptual mapping of the journey of love and life with that of possession. In contrast, Christina Rossetti’s sonnet Remember tackles the central conceptual mapping of death as a journey in relation to its further experiential connections. In addition, the application of conceptual metaphor theoryLakoff and Johnson, 1980) in identifying the frequencies and densities of metaphors’ conceptual domains has resulted in unravelling the thematic structures of both poems. Discovering such a textually attested relationship between the densities of metaphorical conceptual domains and textual thematic structure has neither been fully explored nor identified before in the genre of English female sonnets.

Examining the Relationship between Adaptive Behavior and Intelligence.

Adaptive behavior and intelligence are both essential components of defining and diagnosing intellectual disability. The exact relationship between these two constructs still warrants some clarification. Previous studies have examined the correlation between adaptive behavior and intelligence and have reported differing results. Overall, there seems to be agreement that a modest to moderate correlation exists between adaptive behavior and intelligence and that the strength of this relationship may increase as ability level decreases further below the population mean. Using the Diagnostic Adaptive Behavior Scale and a sample of 57 youth aged from 4 to 21 years old, we examined the correlation coefficients between the full-scale IQ scores and their scores obtained on conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skill domain scores, as well as the total adaptive behavior score. The results obtained indicated a modest to moderate correlation between adaptive behavior and intelligence. The strongest statistically significant correlation coefficient was between the full-scale IQ score and the conceptual adaptive skills domain score (r = 0.64). The correlation between the full-scale IQ score and the practical adaptive skills domain (r = 0.39) and social adaptive skills domain (r = 0.28; ns) were more modest. The correlation coefficient between the full-scale IQ score and the total adaptive behavior score also showed a moderate relationship with intelligence (r = 0.46). These findings are consistent with previous research, documenting that adaptive behavior and intelligence are two related but independent constructs. We discuss these findings and their implications.

Proactive and Ongoing Analysis and Management of Ethical Concerns in the Development, Evaluation, and Implementation of Smart Homes for Older Adults With Frailty.

Successful adoption and sustained use of smart home technology can support the aging in place of older adults with frailty. However, the expansion of this technology has been limited, particularly by a lack of ethical considerations surrounding its application. This can ultimately prevent older adults and members of their support ecosystems from benefiting from the technology. This paper has 2 aims in the effort to facilitate adoption and sustained use: to assert that proactive and ongoing analysis and management of ethical concerns are crucial to the successful development, evaluation, and implementation of smart homes for older adults with frailty and to present recommendations to create a framework, resources, and tools to manage ethical concerns with the collaboration of older adults; members of their support ecosystems; and the research, technical development, clinical, and industry communities. To support our assertion, we reviewed intersecting concepts from bioethics, specifically principlism and ethics of care, and from technology ethics that are salient to smart homes in the management of frailty in older adults. We focused on 6 conceptual domains that can lead to ethical tensions and of which proper analysis is essential: privacy and security, individual and relational autonomy, informed consent and supported decision-making, social inclusion and isolation, stigma and discrimination, and equity of access. To facilitate the proactive and ongoing analysis and management of ethical concerns, we recommended collaboration to develop a framework with 4 proposed elements: a set of conceptual domains as discussed in this paper, along with a tool consisting of reflective questions to guide ethical deliberation throughout the project phases; resources comprising strategies and guidance for the planning and reporting of ethical analysis throughout the project phases; training resources to support leadership, literacy, and competency in project teams for the analysis and management of ethical concerns; and training resources for older adults with frailty, their support ecosystems, and the public to support their awareness and participation in teams and ethical analysis processes. Older adults with frailty require nuanced consideration when incorporating technology into their care because of their complex health and social status and vulnerability. Smart homes may have a greater likelihood of accommodating users and their contexts with committed and comprehensive analysis, anticipation, and management of ethical concerns that reflect the unique circumstances of these users. Smart home technology may then achieve its desired individual, societal, and economic outcomes and serve as a solution to support health; well-being; and responsible, high-quality care.

A new gene tree algorithm employing DNA sequences of bovine genome using discrete Fourier transformation.

Within the realms of human thoughts on nature, Fourier analysis is considered as one of the greatest ideas currently put forwarded. The Fourier transform shows that any periodic function can be rewritten as the sum of sinusoidal functions. Having a Fourier transform view on real-world problems like the DNA sequence of genes, would make things intuitively simple to understand in comparison with their initial formal domain view. In this study we used discrete Fourier transform (DFT) on DNA sequences of a set of genes in the bovine genome known to govern milk production, in order to develop a new gene clustering algorithm. The implementation of this algorithm is very user-friendly and requires only simple routine mathematical operations. By transforming the configuration of gene sequences into frequency domain, we sought to elucidate important features and reveal hidden gene properties. This is biologically appealing since no information is lost via this transformation and we are therefore not reducing the number of degrees of freedom. The results from different clustering methods were integrated using evidence accumulation algorithms to provide in insilico validation of our results. We propose using candidate gene sequences accompanied by other genes of biologically unknown function. These will then be assigned some degree of relevant annotation by using our proposed algorithm. Current knowledge in biological gene clustering investigation is also lacking, and so DFT-based methods will help shine a light on use of these algorithms for biological insight.

On subflat domains of RD-flat modules

The concept of subflat domain is used to measure how close (or far away) a module is to be flat. A right module is flat if its subflat domain is the entire class of left modules. In this note, we focus on of RD-flat modules that have subflat domain which is exactly the collection of all torsion-free modules, shortly tf-test modules. Properties of subflat domains and of tf-test modules are studied. New characterizations of left P-coherent rings and torsion-free rings by subflat domains of cyclically presented left $R$-modules are obtained.

Moving towards a critical perspective on automation: Theories of technology, labour, and capitalism

This commentary considers the complex theoretical discussion in dispositions towards automation, and considers future dialogues and directions the authors might take up. Specifically, the commentary engages with notions of labour, enchantment, and automation, and makes the case for further explorations of these conceptual domains.

Metaphors in scientific discourse: some observations on a Nobel lectures corpus

This paper aims at describing the role and the different manifestations of metaphor in scientific discourse, drawing a distinction between creative and conventional metaphors. To this end, a corpus composed of nineteen Nobel lectures, delivered by nineteen women, will be analysed by means of the critical discourse analysis theoretical and methodological tool, with particular attention to the framing that metaphor produced in scientific discourse. Our analysis shows that scientific discourse tends to privilege conventional metaphors, rather than creative ones, above all as far as the main shared domain concepts are concerned.

A Literature Review Comparing Experts’ and Non-Experts’ Visual Processing of Graphs during Problem-Solving and Learning

The interpretation of graphs plays a pivotal role in education because it is relevant for understanding and representing data and comprehending concepts in various domains. Accordingly, many studies examine students’ gaze behavior by comparing different levels of expertise when interpreting graphs. This literature review presents an overview of 32 articles comparing the gaze behavior of experts and non-experts during problem-solving and learning with graphs up to January 2022. Most studies analyzed students’ dwell time, fixation duration, and fixation count on macro- and meso-, as well as on micro-level areas of interest. Experts seemed to pay more attention to relevant parts of the graph and less to irrelevant parts of a graph, in line with the information-reduction hypothesis. Experts also made more integrative eye movements within a graph in terms of dynamic metrics. However, the determination of expertise is inconsistent. Therefore, we recommend four factors that will help to better determine expertise. This review gives an overview of evaluation strategies for different types of graphs and across various domains, which could facilitate instructing students in evaluating graphs.

Overcoming the dualism: how metaphorically-driven conceptions of the public domain are a barrier to determining what intellectual property law is and ought to be.

Overcoming the dualism: how metaphorically-driven conceptions of the public domain are a barrier to determining what intellectual property law is and ought to be.

Measuring Relational Entropy: Relational Maintenance Behavior Mediates the Association between Religious Similarity and Entropy in Friendships

ABSTRACT Entropy is the natural tendency of systems to move from a state of order to disorder, and previous theorizing has argued that close relationships are subject to entropy over time. Building from qualitative work exploring the conceptual domain, this study developed a quantitative survey measure of the perception of relational entropy. Factor analysis revealed two entropy dimensions, decay and destruction, and comparison with related measures revealed these constructs are empirically distinct. The study further validated the measures by examining their associations with friend religious similarity and relational maintenance behaviors. Positivity and supportiveness mediated the association between religious similarity and decay entropy, whereas openness and interaction mediated the association between religious similarity and destruction entropy.

The Complexity of Assignment Design: Functional Dimensions and Semiotic Domains in Assignments Designed by Teachers in the NORM-project

Designing writing assignments for pupils is a complex task. The teacher must make a lot of choices regarding what type of text to write, what the purpose of the writing should be, which audience the texts should have etc. Although formulating assignments is important for writing instruction, there has been limited insight into teachers’ choices regarding these aspects or the significance of the different school subjects when making such choices. We explore findings from a Norwegian intervention study on writing in primary school. The data includes 687 writing assignments designed by teachers for pupils in grades 3–7. Gee’s concept of semiotic domains forms the theoretical scope. Our research question is: What opportunities and challenges arise in teachers’ assignment design regarding different functional dimensions and semiotic domains? We show examples of how semiotic domains can collide, and that the combination of acts of writing, purpose, and audience can lead to assignments that are almost impossible to answer in a good way. We visualize the complexity of assignment design in a model which also is transferable to other contexts of assignment design.