Development Of Concept Research Articles

Conceptualisations of ‘good’ writing in the English primary school context

This study investigates conceptualisations of ‘good’ writing held by local education leads, primary school teachers and their pupils following the most recent iteration of England’s National Curriculum. Despite curricular changes designed to improve writing performance, significant discrepancies in ‘good’ writing constructs and priorities are recorded across stakeholder groups: leads primarily value the interpersonal and stylistic aspects of writing, pupils conceptualise writing quality as a mastery of ‘technical accuracy’ whereas teachers frame writing as an opposition between reception matters and technical accuracy. Our analysis also indicates that the latest curriculum guidelines provide less detailed information on the non-compositional aspects of writing than earlier descriptors. This is likely to influence school practice and negatively impact the development of a shared concept of ‘good’ school writing that may be foundational for substantial improvements in children’s writing outcomes.

Differences in the environmental awareness of the Polish population

Motives: A fundamental tenet of sustainable development (SD) posits that all human endeavors should prioritize ecological safety. This underscores the significance of the knowledge about the ways in which these activities manifest in social attitudes, as an indicator of environmental awareness (EA) levels. Given the relevance of environmental EA, this issue should be examined across diverse communities and social groups, such as urban and rural residents, to catalyze the adoption of SD principles. It is assumed that the concentration of the population and societal structures in urban centers stimulate the development of concepts and solutions that subsequently disseminate to rural areas through urbanization and modernization patterns. Consequently, the potential disparities in EA and pro-environmental behaviors should be analyzed based on community members’ place of residence and economic status. Aim: The objective of this study was to assess differences in EA levels within the Polish population in the context of SD principles, based on demographic and social characteristics, as well as the respondents’ place of residence. Results: The study revealed several connections between attitudes toward sustainability and pro- -environmental activities. The identified attitudes were associated with demographic, economic, and spatial factors. The results indicate that EA levels are relatively high among Polish residents, irrespective of spatial distribution. Furthermore, significantly higher levels of EA-related activities were noted among urban dwellers, particularly the young and well-educated. Interestingly, a similar trend was noted among the residents of suburban zones. In contrast, rural inhabitants exhibited lower levels of EA compared to their urban counterparts.

Annual Review of Phytopathology, Volume 61

The Annual Review of Phytopathology, in publication since 1963, covers significant developments in the field of plant pathology, including plant disease diagnosis, pathogens, host-pathogen interactions, epidemiology and ecology, breeding for resistance and plant disease management, and includes a special section on the development of concepts. There are 18 articles.

Exploring the potential of Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus PMC203 in inducing autophagy to reduce the burden of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a lethal pathogen in human history, causes millions of deaths annually, which demands the development of new concepts of drugs. Considering this fact, earlier research has explored the anti-tuberculosis potential of a probiotic strain, Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus PMC203, leading to a subsequent focus on the molecular mechanism involved in its effect, particularly on autophagy. In this current study, immunoblotting-based assay exhibited a remarkable expression of autophagy marker LC3-II in the PMC203 treated group compared to an untreated group. A remarkable degradation of p62 was also noticed within treated cells compared to control. Furthermore, the immunofluorescence-based assay showed significant fold change in fluorescence intensity for alexa-647-LC3 and alexa-488-LC3, whereas p62 was degraded noticeably. Moreover, lysosomal biogenesis generation was elevated significantly in terms of LAMP1 and acidic vesicular organelles. As a result, PMC203-induced autophagy played a vital role in reducing M. tuberculosis burden within the macrophages in treated groups compared to untreated group. A colony -forming unit assay also revealed a significant reduction in M. tuberculosis in the treated cells over time. Additionally, the candidate strain significantly upregulated the expression of autophagy induction and lysosomal biogenesis genes. Together, these results could enrich our current knowledge of probiotics-mediated autophagy in tuberculosis and suggest its implications for innovatively managing tuberculosis.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ И ФИЛОСОФСКИХ ОСНОВАНИЙ В РОССИИ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ДИАЛЕКТИКИ ВСЕОБЩЕГО ДУХА

This article presents an analysis of the perspective of research on cultural and philosophical foundations in Russia, taking into account the dialectics of the universal spirit. The author examines the influence of cultural and philosophical traditions on the formation of Russian identity, considering their interaction with universal principles of spiritual development. The article discusses key concepts, including the notion of the universal spirit, its role in a cultural context, and its impact on philosophical thinking in Russia. The author offers their vision on studying cultural and philosophical foundations in Russia, highlighting their importance for understanding the mentality of contemporary society. Special attention is given to the interaction of cultural and philosophical traditions with modern challenges and issues characteristic of the modern world. The article provides historical justification for the researched issues, touching upon aspects of cultural heritage that may be useful in conducting this research. Overall, the article calls for the study and preservation of the country's cultural heritage, as well as the development of modern philosophical concepts that address contemporary challenges.

DESIGN THINKING IN A SYSTEMS ENGINEERING WORLD, WITHIN A GOVERNMENTAL CONTEXT

AbstractSystems engineering evolution has been an incredible asset to innovation. This is particularly true in industries that drive its academic advancement and maturity. In these industries, systems engineering is a proven approach to developing a program from conception through retirement. Design thinking is a design methodology and separate from systems engineering/ thinking; it is defined by its intensely human‐centered approach. This report hypothesizes that design thinking processes used during the concept development phase of the systems engineering process enables a more comprehensive view of key challenges due to the inclusion of more contextual stakeholder information, particularly in a government context. A mixed methods approach using 35 surveys and 11 interviews of subject matter experts, project managers, and innovation challenge participants was used to test the hypothesis. Interviewees disagreed on the impact that design thinking processes ultimately have on stakeholder information. There was a common consensus that the process yields key beneficiaries. The quantitative data showed a shift in familiarity with design thinking principles during the innovation challenge as a result of design thinking teaching modules. The increase in familiarity correlated with an increased likelihood to use various design thinking processes during concept development, and stronger agreement that design thinking affected understanding the stakeholders, key beneficiaries, and comprehension of the challenge space. Together, the qualitative and quantitative data agreement on the addition of key beneficiaries is evidence in support of design thinking processes affecting the context of stakeholder information. Embracing more contextual stakeholder information results in designers seeking a more comprehensive view of the challenge space. Additionally, analogous research can have a significant effect on comprehension of the challenge space but there is a higher barrier to entry for new practitioners.

A review of curved crease origami: design, analysis, and applications

Origami structures with morphing behaviours and unique mechanical properties are useful in aerospace deployable structures, soft robots and mechanical metamaterials. Curved-crease origami, as one of the variants in the origami family, has a curve that connects two vertices as a crease compared to the straight crease counterpart. This feature couples the crease folding and facet bending during the folding process, providing versatile design space of mechanical metamaterials with tunable stiffness, multi-stability properties and morphing behaviours. However, current design techniques are mostly for simple geometries with intuitive construction, the modelling technique focuses on using the conventional finite element method, and the intrinsically complex geometries make specimens difficult to manufacture, which further hinders the development of curved-crease origami structures. Thus, it is valuable to review the state-of-the-art in curved-crease origami. This paper presents a review on the design methodology, analytical methods, and applications of curved-crease origami over the years, discusses their strengths, identifies future challenges and provides an outlook for the future development of the curved-crease origami concept.

A Scientometric Worldview of Artificial Intelligence in Musculoskeletal Diseases Since the 21st Century.

Over the past 24 years, significant advancements have been made in applying artificial intelligence (AI) to musculoskeletal (MSK) diseases. However, there is a lack of analytical and descriptive investigations on the trajectory, essential research directions, current research scenario, pivotal focuses, and future perspectives. This research aims to provide a thorough update on the progress in AI for MSK diseases over the last 24 years. Data from the Web of Science database, covering January 1, 2000, to March 1, 2024, was analyzed. Using advanced analytical tools, we conducted comprehensive scientometric and visual analyses. The findings highlight the predominant influence of the USA, which accounts for 28.53% of the total publications and plays a key role in shaping research in this field. Notable productivity was seen at institutions such as the University of California, San Francisco, Harvard Medical School, and Seoul National University. Valentina Pedoia is identified as the most prolific contributor. Scientific Reports had the highest number of publications in this area. The five most significant diseases are joint diseases, bone fractures, bone tumors, cartilage diseases, and spondylitis. This comprehensive scientometric assessment benefits both experienced researchers and newcomers, providing quick access to essential information and fostering the development of innovative concepts in this field.

Similarities and differences between intermittent hemodialysis and sustained low-efficiency dialysis

Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a multifaceted syndrome with diverse etiologies encountered very frequently in all critical care service units. Time and again, multiple researchers have proven its independent contribution to increasing morbidity and mortality in hospitalized children and adults. This undeniable fact has guided the development of newer strategies and logical concepts that have led to new modalities of treating AKI. In the absence of curative medical therapy, kidney replacement therapy (KRT) is considered the primary supportive therapy for AKI, and when initiated at the right time, it has the potential to bridge the gap toward cure. Among all KRT methods, blood-based dialysis occupies a prominent role and has now become the cornerstone of treatment for critically ill children with AKI. Two major methods usually employed are “intermittent hemolysis” (IHD) and “continuous kidney replacement therapy” (CKRT). Currently, a third method called “sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED)” is gaining momentum in critical care. It is a hybrid method; in simpler terms, it is a slow and prolonged IHD that may carry a few of the critical merits of CKRT. This narrative review article sheds light on SLED, as well as its comparison to IHD in critical care practice.

Development of Mathematical Concepts through a Problem-based Approach in Grade 3 Primary School Pupils

Development of Mathematical Concepts through a Problem-based Approach in Grade 3 Primary School Pupils

Collaborative Effect-Centered Problem-Solving

Abstract To justify the individuality of design as a discipline, researchers repeatedly separated it from other disciplines while underscoring the integration of design in those disciplines. We resolve this apparent paradox by recognizing that people have knowledge, abilities, and tasks that can be attributed to several disciplines. We emphasize a collaborative effect-centered understanding and execution of problem-solving rather than an individual and design-centered one to enable each person to perform to the best of their abilities. Therefore, we introduce the newly developed “effect method,” which, by researching defined interrelations between subjects (terms considered as single entities) and systems (terms considered as multipart entities), empowers people to identify and understand relevant problems and solution approaches. The interrelations are defined by effects to be prevented (problem) or achieved (solution). Based on this, the effect method enables the development of system-compatible solution concepts. As a result, each person's creativity, knowledge, and best abilities can contribute to the collaborative development of relevant solutions.

Digital and Political Transformation: A Perspective on the Discourse of Iraqi Media System

This paper examines the current nature of the Iraqi media system through the lens of two significant influences: the digitalization of global media and the country’s political transformation in 2003. It discusses the important shifts in the digital environment and their reflection on the media discourse of media systems in their historical context. The concept of the media system, how historical studies of media systems evolved, and the stages of development of concepts and classifications that researchers have carried out for media systems in the world were reviewed. The paper also explored the problematic changes that are taking place in contemporary media systems due to the digital changes that have changed the close relationship between the media and political systems in societies. The analytical descriptive approach was used to gain an accurate and detailed understanding of the media system in Iraq. The paper concluded that the discourse of the media system in Iraq was simultaneously associated with digital and political transformation when political change led to an openness to the new digital environment, but the features of this system at the micro-level are linked to the determinants of the turbulent political scene in Iraq that created a plurality of conflicting discourses enriched with a unique sort of political parallelism and political conflict-related interests.

"It's a fight - the whole personality of the patient to win." The development of concepts of psychosis in the Jewish Hospital in Warsaw, 1898-1943.

This study investigates the development of concepts of psychosis in the Jewish Hospital in Warsaw, within the context of social and historical processes to which the hospital was the subject and a broader scope of European concepts of psychosis. In the years 1898-1909, the first chief physician of the psychiatric ward, Adam Wizel, focused mainly on hysteria. The interest in psychoses was initiated by Maurycy Bornsztajn, who started to promote psychoanalytic ideas. The second decade of the functioning of the Jewish Hospital's psychiatric ward was marked by issues concerning the classification of psychoses. In the third decade, after Poland regained independence, psychosis became the main focus of the hospital's staff. Newly appointed psychiatrists, Gustaw Bychowski and Władysław Matecki, contributed substantially to the psychoanalytic understanding of psychosis. Bornsztajn continued to develop his psychoanalytically based concept of psychosis. Wizel changed his attitude toward psychoanalysis and acknowledged the importance of Freud's discoveries. Władysław Sterling contributed to the biological understanding of schizophrenia. In the last period, 1931-1943, the Jewish Hospital in Warsaw struggled with the consequences of the economic crisis in Poland, Wizel's death, and Bychowski's departure, which resulted in the reduced number of publications in the field of psychosis. Nevertheless, Bornsztajn managed to further develop his concept of somatopsychic schizophrenia and Matecki introduced the category of pseudo-neurotic schizophrenia. The psychoanalytic approach developed by Wizel, Bornsztajn, Bychowski, and Matecki was supplemented with other influences, especially phenomenology. Wizel, Bychowski, and Matecki were advocates of the psychoanalytic psychotherapy of psychotic patients.

Enabling FuSE Security Objectives by Leveraging Cyber Survivability Methods

AbstractThe importance of system security continues to grow as systems become more complex, more connected, and more vulnerable. The INCOSE Vision 2035 sets goals for systems engineering (SE) as a discipline in enabling engineering solutions for a better world: “By 2035, cybersecurity will be as foundational a perspective in systems design as system performance and safety are today” (INCOSE, 2024). A key objective of the INCOSE Future of Systems Engineering (FuSE) Security Foundations Roadmap is to recognize system security as a fundamental part of the mission, integrated into the system architecture, and not “bolted‐on” as a separate subsystem or set of features in the detailed design. To achieve this, systems engineering must address system security early in the system lifecycle, during the mission analysis and concept development phase and ensure it is addressed as a functional requirement throughout the systems engineering lifecycle. System security needs must be treated as fundamental system capability.The INCOSE FuSE Security foundations roadmap identifies six (6) objectives and eleven (11) foundational concepts necessary to achieve the FuSE vision for system security (Dove, et al., 2021). Five of the objectives and five of the foundational concepts are directly related to systems acquisition and engineering lifecycle processes. The five key foundational concepts are: Stakeholder Alignment, Security as a Capability, Security as a Functional Requirement, Loss Driven Engineering and Modeled Trustworthiness.The Operational Test and Evaluation (OT&E) community has extensive cyber assessment and execution processes mandated through numerous Department of Defense (DoD) and individual service policies, directives and guidebooks. This paper studies several of the cybersecurity assessment and process guidebooks, analyzing the processes and methods to identify areas where systems engineering should be responsible, and which SE activities and outputs are needed to enable the requirements of each guidebook.This paper examines six OT&E cyber security guidebooks, and the methods and processes they describe to achieve system security in relation to the five foundation concepts. In addition to their test and evaluation processes, each describes systems engineering processes, activities and outputs that could be used to form the initial foundation of a system security technical process.While the original INCOSE vision statement uses the term “cybersecurity,” the FuSE Security initiative is adopting the term “system security” to emphasize that this is a system engineering responsibility as opposed to software engineering or information technology task. As a result, the analysis of the cybersecurity guidebooks will be in the context of “system security.”

The Effect of Osborn’s Model on Developing Students’ Rhetoric Concepts

This study examines the effect of teaching a school rhetoric unit employing Osborn's (1963) model. The study sample consisted of 70 Jordanian eleventh-grade students, with 35 in the experimental group and 35 in the control group. Two instruments were used to collect data: a scale designed according to Osborn's model and an achievement test. The school unit of rhetorical concept development was applied to six classes over six weeks in the experimental group, while the control group was taught using the standard method. The findings showed statistically significant differences in favour of the experimental group, with means of 76.66 and 66.15, respectively. The t-test value was 13.02, statistically significant at a significance level 0.01. The impact percentage was calculated at 92%, indicating a statistically significant result according to the Karl formula. Therefore, this percentage is a positive indicator of the effectiveness of using the Osborn model for the conceptual development of the experimental group of students. Based on the findings, the study recommends using this model for teaching rhetoric and literary criticism in other school classes.

The Concepts of Shariah-Compliance for Hotel Reservation in Malaysia: A Review

Hotels have started implementing Shariah Compliant Hotel (SCH) practices due to increasing demand for Shariah Compliant services and facilities from Muslim travellers. Basic principles and attributes of SCH concepts were designed and developed, however, current room reservations especially in online booking platforms that support SCH concepts were not widely practised. This study aims to review previous studies on SCH practices and propose the concept of SCH reservations toward online booking platforms. This study has identified several issues and challenges, including issues on SCH concepts and characteristics and/or attributes, issues on the perceptions and behaviours toward SCH implementation, and issues on how SCH is being implemented. Besides that, this study also finds that the key aspects of SCH research are divided into 4 main aspects; design and development of the SCH concept, characteristics and attribution, the SCH implementation, assessment of SCH implementation, and customer/tourist perceptions and behaviour toward SCH implementations. This study also suggests the concept of integrating SCH concepts into the current online booking platform, via having 4 processes; improving the current online booking platform database design, improving the process of applying SCH practices, validating hotel’s applications, and integrating and viewing SCH in online booking platform.

Development of Patient Rights Concepts in the Historical and Legal Context in Poland

This article addresses the issue of the development of patient rights in Poland. The mere act of becoming a patient often arises from preventive motives, sometimes out of necessity, as patients engage in relationships with doctors or other healthcare professionals. This arrangement is referred to as a relational system. Furthermore, families typically prepare individuals to assume the role of a patient through socialization.

ENSURING THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF THE ENTERPRISE WITH PERFORMANCE MARKETING TOOLS

The study is devoted to the problems of the organization of the transition of the enterprise to the concept of performance-marketing, which allows to achieve stabilization of the financial stability of the enterprise in modern conditions. The purpose of the article is to investigate the essence of the concept of performance marketing and to develop a mechanism for the enterprise's transition to performance marketing as a condition for ensuring its financial stability. The article provides a description of the historical basis of the formation of domestic performance marketing and reveals its features and differences from other types of marketing. A definition of performance marketing and its basic principles is offered. Systematized performance marketing tools. The peculiarities of the company's transition to the performance concept are substantiated. The restraining factors of the development of the performance concept at the enterprise are analyzed. A system for evaluating the effectiveness of engagement channels has been developed. The proposed road map for the transition of the enterprise to performance marketing. A mechanism for transition to a performance approach in the company has been developed. The algorithm for building end-to-end analytics as the basis of performance marketing is described. The substantiation of the features of ensuring financial stability with performance-marketing tools has been carried out. The role of performance marketing at each stage of ensuring the financial stability of the enterprise is defined. In the article, it is proven that the implementation of performance marketing will provide an opportunity to increase the company's financial stability and to apply an exceptional strategy for optimizing the company's financial development, analyze and use the necessary financial parameters, based on the acceleration of the general economic development of the enterprise.

Managing Road Risk: The Development of Road Infrastructure Toward Liveable City

A country's economic development and prosperity depend on its cities. This study is conducted due to an effectiveness of road infrastructure are still a key issue that affecting quality of life in urban areas. Traffic jams, accidents and delays not only cause driver frustration and inconvenience, but also have serious economic and environmental impacts. This study attempts to identify the type of road infrastructure, to investigate the risk classification of road infrastructure and to suggest the potential development of road infrastructure in development of rural area. The study focused on the rural development area and this research includes data collection from primary and secondary sources such as interviews. Stakeholders and expert players have been interviewed for this research. The data that we found has been analysis using content analysis which is matrix table. The results of this study have found that there are several issues that exist in implementing of good road infrastructure concept and initiatives and development in rural development area. In conclusion, all respondents gave a positive review on the study and the research shows that good road infrastructure is needed to create our country safer and our cities towards liveable city.

Mediatization of war. The state of the research field in the period 2018-2022

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The mediatization of war represents one of many fields of mediatization research. In the face of numerous military crises and the dynamic development of media and digital technologies, the mediatization of armed conflicts is a key research area. At the same time, the relationship between media and war has been described as highly under-researched and in need of considerable investment in terms of concept development and empirical research. Also, the mediatization of war as a field of study is sometimes criticized. The aim of this research is to determine the state of the mediatization of war studies in the last five years. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The questions guiding the research were: 1) What is being specifically researched in the field?; 2) What are the main research questions and objectives of this research? A meta-analysis of publications from 2018–2022 available on Google Scholar was performed. ­Using strict selection criteria, 90 peer-reviewed publications from this period were extracted, coded and analyzed. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The geographical coverage of the examined issues and the places of research were defined. The specifics of research on the mediatization of war and methods used in this research field were determined. RESEARCH RESULTS: The results indicate that indexed contemporary studies that deal with the mediatization of war are highly interdisciplinary. At the same time, they are focused on specific parts of the world, on a peculiar catalog of problems, and they are dominated by qualitative methodology. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: War is an area in which key sub-processes are diagnosed, both those comprising mediatization in the broadest sense (included processes) and those generated by mediatization (induced processes). These sub-processes determine the extent and transformative power of the mediatization taking place.