Concept Of Robot Research Articles

Robotics: Social Robot

Abstract: Social robots are is also called to ‘family robot’ .In a social Robots are the study which provides to the communication about them selves . it is ourselves with people, and with the environment, within the joined to its role. This paper discusses the concept of a social robot. To the Current. Social robots also used in house and health care. Than the world’s first social robot designed by MIT robotics professor Cynthia Breazeal, the Jibo robot is often described as "the world's first family robot". Social Robots are helpful in health care and domestic areas, and in education and language learning’s, arts and entertainments. In this aim is to create guideline, an intended design for future developments of social robot. In this research paper the researcher has discussed about the introduction part of the social robots, applications of social robots a research has also focus on Benefits limitation and the future working of the social robots. In overall conceptual discussion of social robots the research has also focuses on future development

The Rαβγ categorisation framework for dexterous robotic manufacturing processes

Dexterous robotics systems integrate advanced manipulation and perception capabilities, facilitating advanced process automation. However, the inherent complexities of such processes may induce vulnerabilities, impeding overall performance. A parsimonious categorisation of dexterous robotic processes can disambiguate process attributes and highlight intricacies. Existing robotic categorisations focusing on a single attribute (e.g. manipulator structure) lack a processes view. Existing production process categorisations lack valuation of robotic characteristics. The current work suggests Rαβγ, a holistic categorisation of dexterous robotic processes. Rαβγ integrates robotic concepts within the classical [α|β|γ] production process categorisation and is similarly divided into tiers: Workcell, Task, and Objective. Each tier is defined by qualitative descriptors and quantitative characteristics. The intricacies of each characteristic were quantified by an analytic hierarchical process (AHP), semi-structured interviews with robotic experts were conducted for validation, and utility is demonstrated by three case studies. The AHP results are consistent and interpretable. The interviewees determined that Rαβγ is valuable and comprehensive. The case studies demonstrate the categorisation’s ability to highlight major process attributes. The analysis asserts that Rαβγ can be valuable during different product life cycle phases, e.g. designing, commissioning, etc. Rαβγ uniquely integrates the manufacturing and robotic domains, offering a holistic mechanism for highlighting characteristics of dexterous robotic processes.

Disposable culture, posthuman affect, and artificial human in Kazuo Ishiguro's Klara and the Sun (2021).

Kazuo Ishiguro's novel Klara and the Sun (2021) philosophizes on how in the current technologically saturated culture, the gradual evolution of the empathetic humanoids has, on one hand, problematized our normative notions of cognitive and affective categories, and on the other, has triggered an order of emotional uncanniness due to our reliance on hyperreal real objects for receiving solace and companionship. The novel may be conceived to be a commentary on the emerging discourse in the domain of cognitive and emotional computing that aspires to transform the inner life and social relationships of the human community. The novelty of the paper lies in its ability to showcase how Kazuo Ishiguro's Klara and the Sun (2021) creates a rupture in the existing research and literary narrative by critiquing the theoretical underpinnings of emotional computing that optimistically foresees a future where simulated empathetic minds will be able to decode the complexities of the human emotions. It discusses how literature turns into an apt tool to reflect on the limitations of the programmed machines to decode the elusiveness of the human mind that defies the one-to-one correlation between words, multiple connotations, and their underlying emotions. Through the lenses of the fictional narrative, the paper foregrounds how the concept of the social robot designed to offer empathy, care, and companionship turns into a failed project. The paper draws on critical perspectives from disposability theory, posthuman affect, and immaterial bodies to foreground the noncodified feature of affective experientialities that emerge as a result of the interface between humans and nonanimate beings.

The Revisiting Problem in Simultaneous Localization and Mapping: A Survey on Visual Loop Closure Detection

Where am I? This is one of the most critical questions that any intelligent system should answer to decide whether it navigates to a previously visited area. This problem has long been acknowledged for its challenging nature in simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), wherein the robot needs to correctly associate the incoming sensory data to the database allowing consistent map generation. The significant advances in computer vision achieved over the last 20 years, the increased computational power, and the growing demand for long-term exploration contributed to efficiently performing such a complex task with inexpensive perception sensors. In this article, visual loop closure detection, which formulates a solution based solely on appearance input data, is surveyed. We start by briefly introducing place recognition and SLAM concepts in robotics. Then, we describe a loop closure detection system's structure, covering an extensive collection of topics, including the feature extraction, the environment representation, the decision-making step, and the evaluation process. We conclude by discussing open and new research challenges, particularly concerning the robustness in dynamic environments, the computational complexity, and scalability in long-term operations. The article aims to serve as a tutorial and a position paper for newcomers to visual loop closure detection.

Counting with Cilia: The Role of Morphological Computation in Basal Cognition Research.

"Morphological computation" is an increasingly important concept in robotics, artificial intelligence, and philosophy of the mind. It is used to understand how the body contributes to cognition and control of behavior. Its understanding in terms of "offloading" computation from the brain to the body has been criticized as misleading, and it has been suggested that the use of the concept conflates three classes of distinct processes. In fact, these criticisms implicitly hang on accepting a semantic definition of what constitutes computation. Here, I argue that an alternative, mechanistic view on computation offers a significantly different understanding of what morphological computation is. These theoretical considerations are then used to analyze the existing research program in developmental biology, which understands morphogenesis, the process of development of shape in biological systems, as a computational process. This important line of research shows that cognition and intelligence can be found across all scales of life, as the proponents of the basal cognition research program propose. Hence, clarifying the connection between morphological computation and morphogenesis allows for strengthening the role of the former concept in this emerging research field.

Design of a Planting Module for an Automatic Device for Forest Regeneration

Forest regeneration by means of seedlings grown in container nurseries is usually performed manually with the use of the standard dibble bar or the tube dibble. Manual placement of a large number of seedlings in the soil requires a lot of work. Manual removal of the soil cover and digging the soil in spots with a diameter of 0.4 m requires, under average conditions, about 38 man-hours/ha, while planting with a dibble bar requires about 34 man-hours/ha. Additional work time is needed to carry seedlings over an area that is being afforested. At present, forestry does not have automatic planters that would enable the establishment of forest cultures. The aim of the paper is to present the concept of an autonomous robot and an innovative technology of performing forest regeneration and afforestation of former agricultural and reclaimed areas. The paper also presents the design solutions of the key working unit, which is a universal, openable dibble, cooperating with a three-toothed shaft to prepare a planting spot. The solution proposed enables continuous operation of the machine, i.e. without the need to stop the base vehicle.

Actuators for Implantable Devices: A Broad View.

The choice of actuators dictates how an implantable biomedical device moves. Specifically, the concept of implantable robots consists of the three pillars: actuators, sensors, and powering. Robotic devices that require active motion are driven by a biocompatible actuator. Depending on the actuating mechanism, different types of actuators vary remarkably in strain/stress output, frequency, power consumption, and durability. Most reviews to date focus on specific type of actuating mechanism (electric, photonic, electrothermal, etc.) for biomedical applications. With a rapidly expanding library of novel actuators, however, the granular boundaries between subcategories turns the selection of actuators a laborious task, which can be particularly time-consuming to those unfamiliar with actuation. To offer a broad view, this study (1) showcases the recent advances in various types of actuating technologies that can be potentially implemented in vivo, (2) outlines technical advantages and the limitations of each type, and (3) provides use-specific suggestions on actuator choice for applications such as drug delivery, cardiovascular, and endoscopy implants.

The Generation of Piano Music Using Deep Learning Aided by Robotic Technology.

In order to improve the accuracy and precision of music generation assisted by robotics, this study analyzes the application of deep learning in piano music generation. Firstly, based on the basic concepts of robotics and deep learning, the advantages of long short-term memory (LSTM) networks are introduced and applied to the piano music generation. Meanwhile, based on LSTM, dropout coefficients are used for optimization. Secondly, various parameters of the algorithm are determined, including the effects of the number of iterations and neurons in the hidden layer on the effect of piano music generation. Finally, the generated music sequence spectrograms are analyzed to illustrate the accuracy and rationality of the algorithm. The spectrograms are compared with the music sequence spectrograms generated by the traditional restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) music generation algorithm. The results show that (1) when the dropout coefficient value is 0.7, the function converges faster, and the experimental results are better; (2) when the number of iterations is 6000, the error between the generated music sequence and the original music is the smallest; (3) the number of hidden layers of the network is set to 4. When the number of neurons in each hidden layer is set to 1024, the training result of the network is optimal; (4) compared with the traditional RBM piano music generation algorithm, the LSTM-based algorithm and the sampling frequency distribution tend to be consistent with the original sample. The results show that the network has good performance in music generation and can provide a certain reference for automatic music generation.

Design and Modeling of a Dual-Ball Self-Balancing Robot

In this letter, a novel dual-ball self-balancing robot is proposed for the first time. Different from the operating principle of the traditional single-ball self-balancing robot, the dual-ball robot can achieve flexible variable-axis rotations though the differential motions of the two balls, and overcome the drawbacks of single-ball self-balancing robots such as large mass of the ball and low dynamic response of robot. The kinematics of the dual-ball robot including front and rear balls, main body and the omni-wheels are formulated analytically, together with the dynamic model. Subsequently, the motion control scheme of the dual-ball robot is also developed by considering both balancing control and motion control. Following that, numerical simulations are conducted to validate the control scheme. One research prototype is developed, and experiments are carried out to evaluate the design concept and theoretical models of the dual-ball self-balancing robot.

Use of Interaction Design Methodologies for Human–Robot Collaboration in Industrial Scenarios

The key concept of collaborative robotics is represented by the presence of a strict interaction between a human user and the robotic system. As such, the study of the interaction is of paramount importance for a successful implementation of the system. In this article, we propose a novel approach to address the problem of designing a collaborative robotic system for industrial applications, focusing on the characteristics of the interaction. In particular, we will propose a set of methodologies focused on interaction design, inspired by those used for the design of user interfaces. These methodologies will allow the design of collaborative robotic systems following a user-centered approach, thus putting emphasis not only on safety and adaptability of the robotic systems (which have been widely addressed in the literature), but also on the interaction experience. While the proposed methodology was developed considering general collaborative robotics applications, two real industrial case studies were considered, to instantiate the considered framework and showcase its applicability to the real-world domain. Note to Practitioners—This article aims at bridging the gap between interaction design and collaborative robotics. In particular, the proposed methodology will represent a toolset for robotic experts (researchers and system integrators), for understanding the user experience and designing the robotic system ensuring an effective interaction. In fact, while robotics experts are typically well aware of issues and methodologies related to technological and application aspects, they often tend to ignore the principles of interaction. Such principles are commonly adopted in the design of computer-based human–machine interfaces or web applications, but, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, have never been applied to the design of collaborative robotic systems for industrial applications. Hence, this article will serve as a fundamental step to bring interaction design principles into the robot integration domain.

A 4-DoF Parallel Robot With a Built-in Gripper for Waste Sorting

This article presents a new robot concept dedicated to fast and energy-efficient waste sorting applications. This parallel robot can provide at the same time the three translations in space (3-DoF) and the opening/closing of a built-in gripper (1 additional DoF). The movement of the clamp is enabled thanks to a configurable platform at the end of the parallel structure. This platform is composed of a two-gear train gripper which is directly controlled by the 4 actuators attached to the base of the manipulator. The inverse kinematic as well as the differential models have been developed. A first prototype has been realized to validate this new parallel architecture for pick-and-toss tasks.

BIPED ROBOT WITH UNCONVENTIONAL KINEMATICS

The article deals with the design of a robot with an unconventional kinematic structure, which is able to vertically stabilize the position of the robot base for the placement of sensors and handling superstructures. The robot concept was designed to have as few actuators as possible. The robot's kinematics was solved for the purpose of simulating the robot's movement and implementation into the robot's control system.

Experimental investigation of a new type of driving concept for capsule robot

Experimental investigation of a new type of driving concept for capsule robot

TWO-LEGGED ROBOT CONCEPTS

The article deals with the concepts of a two-legged walking robot. Three kinematics concepts are proposed in order to achieve the lowest possible number of actuators and the best possible energy efficiency. Walking cycle algorithms are also proposed. These concepts have been assessed and evaluated in several respects in order to select the optimal kinematic concept.

Integrated design of an aerial soft-continuum manipulator for predictive maintenance.

This article presents an integrated concept of an aerial robot used for predictive maintenance in the construction sector. The latter can be remotely controlled, allowing the localization of cracks on wall surfaces and the adaptive deposit of the material for in situ repairs. The use of an aerial robot is motivated by fast intervention, allowing time and cost minimizing of overhead repairs without the need for scaffolding. It is composed of a flying mobile platform positioned in stationary mode to guide a soft continuum arm that allows to reach the area of cracks with different access points. Indeed, some constructions have complex geometries that present problems for access using rigid mechanical arms. The aerial robot uses visual sensors to automatically identify and localize cracks in walls, based on deep learning convolutional neural networks. A centerline representing the structural feature of the crack is computed. The soft continuum manipulator is used to guide the continuous deposit of the putty material to fill the microscopic crack. For this purpose, an inverse kinematic model-based control of the soft arm is developed, allowing to estimate the length of the bending tubes. The latter are then used as inputs for a neural network to predict the desired input pressure to bend the actuated soft tubes. A set of experiments was carried out on cracks located on flat and oblique surfaces, to evaluate the actual performances of the predictive maintenance mechatronic robot.

Wireless Control of Swarm Robotics for Industrial Automation

In the modern world, robots and robotic technologies are engaged extensively in industrial automation. The performance of the collaborative robots has resulted in utilizing them as primary forces in industries. In this paper, we propose the concept of swarm robotics to address the drawbacks of industrial automation. Wireless communication established in the robots and the control systems enabling automation. Swarm robotics is a technology where multiple robots together solve issues by developing advantageous structures and behaviors replicating nature like swarms of bees, fish or birds. Wireless technologies (4G, 5G and Wi-Fi) are employed that aids in controlling of multiple robots in distributed locations.

PERSON CENTERED MEDICINE AND DIGITAL HEALTH: ARE THEY COMPATIBLE?

To some, person centered medicine and digital health would appear incompatible. The digital divide, the lack of person-centered data in algorithms, the concept of rule-oriented robots replacing fallible but morally human clinicians, the stress caused by electronic health records, and problems with privacy and data security are real concerns. But digital technologies needed to be understood as tools that can support or improve person-centered care across the continuum of disease, from purely provider-centered tools to purely person-centered ones. This reflective piece attempts to reconcile the apparent differences between the concurrent revolutions in person centered medicine and advanced technology so that they can benefit each other.

An Overview of the Current State and Perspectives of Pharmacy Robot and Medication Dispensing Technology.

It has been widely reported that a large number of patients die from cases of errors in the issuing of medication prescriptions. These cases occur due to a wide range of things, but the common denominator in all of the cases is humans. A hospital pharmacy has a very critical task, especially with growing patient numbers. The increasing number of prescriptions needed to be filled daily reduces the amount of time that the staff can use to focus on each individual prescription, which may increase the human error ratio. The need for robotic-assisted pharmacies is arising from here to distribute drugs to eradicate or substantially reduce human error. The pharmacy robot is one of the most significant technologies that play a prominent role in the advancement of hospital pharmacy systems. The purpose of this review paper is to cover the pharmacy robot concept and the published literature reporting on pharmacy robot technology as one of the most important applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in pharmacology. Although the outcomes of the impact of the pharmacy robot have been increasingly beneficial in overall improvement, staff morale, and functionality of pharmacies, there are still mechanical errors occurring. The errors, in turn, require human intervention. The key takeaway from this study is that robots or machines cannot replace human duties in their entirety. This in turn means that those human interventions will have an impact on the workflow and throughput.

An Optimized Path-Planning Concept for a Micro-Mouse Robot for Autonomous Applications in Terrained Environments

An Optimized Path-Planning Concept for a Micro-Mouse Robot for Autonomous Applications in Terrained Environments

Dielectric Elastomer-Driven Bionic Inchworm Soft Robot Realizes Forward and Backward Movement and Jump

To produce multi-modal mobility in complicated situations is a significant issue for soft robots. In this study, we show the conception, construction, and operation of an inchworm-impersonating dielectric elastomer-activated soft robot. The robot is small and lightweight, weighing only 3.5 g, and measuring an overall 110 mm by 50 mm by 60 mm (length, width, and height). The three mobility modes for the robot are each equipped with a detailed mechanism. When the excitation voltage is 5 kV, the robot runs forward under a frequency of stimulation of 1–9 Hz, and its direction of motion changes to a backwards motion at >10 Hz. When the excitation voltage of 5.5 kV is applied to the robot, the robot runs forward at 1–12 Hz frequency and moves in the opposite direction at 13 Hz, reaching the fastest reverse speed of 240 mm/s. When the excitation voltage rises to 6 kV, the robot reaches its fastest running speed of 270 mm/s at 14 Hz. Motivated by high voltage and high duty cycle, the robot can jump over obstacles of 5 mm. In order to assess the performance of backward running, the speed achieved by the robot under a 30% duty cycle and a 50% duty cycle was compared, as well as the speed of the robot with or without the use of a counterweight. The robot has a simpler design and construction than earlier soft robots of the same kind, as well as a quicker speed, a wider variety of movement modes, and other notable advantages.