Line Concept Research Articles

Analysis of The Determination of Rail-Based Urban Transportation Routes in The City Of Manado (Case Study: Zero Point Manado - Sam Ratulangi International Airport)

Consequently, the activities that develop as a result of the formation of activity/land use centers such as government administration centers, residential areas, schools, hospitals, entertainment facilities, shopping centers, tourism accommodation centers, causes huge movement generation which affects the existing transportation systems. It can be concluded that the resulting travel time will decrease with a large enough passenger carrying capacity. The recommended form is the type of LRT (Light Rail Transit) with rail-based technology. The method used in this research is literature study, primary data collection in the form of household interview surveys, and secondary data collected from several related institutions. The survey results were analyzed with the help of Microsoft Office Excel and modeling using a linear regression equation with the independent variables measured, namely family composition (X1), number of working members (X2), number of members attending school (X3), number of members working and attending school (X4), vehicle ownership (X5), family income (X6), and the dependent variable (Y) as the number of family movements per day. The modeling results obtained the best equation, namely Y=1.394+0.888X1 and the Determinant Coefficient (R²) value obtained was 0.824 or 82.4%. LRT (Light Rail Transit) line concept with the starting point of the Station Zero Point Manado - Paal Dua Station 1 - Paal Dua Station 2 - Manado-Bitung Toll Gate Station - Manado-North Minahasa Station - Mapanget Station - Sam Ratulangi International Airport Station with a total of 7 stations and 6 segments and a total length of 15,400 meters.

Magnitude-space representations in the n-back task: Long-term representations of magnitudes alter the working memory performance.

Prior research has predominantly examined the role of working memory (WM) in tasks involving numerical information and spatial properties, such as memorizing number sequences and performing parity judgment and magnitude comparison. In contrast to focusing solely on the effect of WM on number judgment tasks, our study investigates how magnitude-space associations affect WM task performance, emphasizing long-term representations, specifically the concept of mental number line (MNL) compatibility (small items on the left, large items on the right) in long-term memory (LTM). Moving from the idea of representations within LTM contribute to the functioning of WM during task execution, we explore the effects of congruent, incongruent, and negative congruent numerical and non-numerical magnitude-space associations on magnitude-based 1-back (low WM load) and 2-back (high WM load) tasks. MNL compatible n-back and test items are congruent, MNL compatible n-back and MNL incompatible (small on the right, large on the left) test items (or vice versa) are incongruent, and MNL incompatible n-back and test items are considered negative congruent. Because negative congruent and incongruent representations may not activate existing representations in LTM, as congruent representations, we expected worse WM performance in negative congruent and incongruent trials than in congruent trials. Results reveal that congruent and incongruent representations elicit more accurate and rapid responses than negative congruents, suggesting that congruent and incongruent representations contribute to task execution. Additionally, we observe a size effect for small numerical magnitudes and a reverse size effect for large physical magnitudes, pointing towards the coactivation of LTM and WM in magnitude-space relations.

Man and Cosmos: an Indianist Response to Nuclear Threat in the Amautic Thought of Fausto Reinaga (Bolivia 1978–83)

This is the first article in English to parse Fausto Reinaga’s contradictory Amautic texts (1978–1983), which, while widely read and cited, have evaded rigorous analysis. They represent an Indianist response and propose an Amautic solution to the potential nuclear holocaust. Reinaga has been a key figure in Bolivian and Andean intellectual history and Indianist politics from the mid-twentieth century to the present. He envisioned the Indian as a subject of positively valorised racial difference, the privileged subject of history, and the potentially liberated figure of Man. Despite Reinaga’s fiery rhetoric that rejects the Western philosophical tradition, his Amautic texts remain lodged within the Western episteme on matters of humans and their place in the universe. While his denunciations of colonial legacies resound within decolonial debates, his concept of man remains anthropocentric and patriarchal. However, when Reinaga’s oeuvre is studied by decolonial scholars, the readings yield revisions of Western anthropocentrism. Through engagement with Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui’s concept of ch’ixi and Boaventura de Sousa Santos’s concepts of the abyssal line and epistemicide, we work through Amautic Reinaga’s concepts of Man and Cosmos, to further more nuanced studies of his undeniable contributions to Andean intellectual history.

Exploring how Sentinel-1 wet-snow maps can inform fully distributed physically based snowpack models

Abstract. Distributed energy and mass balance snowpack models at sub-kilometric scale have emerged as a tool for snow-hydrological forecasting over large areas. However, their development and evaluation often rely on a handful of well-observed sites on flat terrain with limited topographic representativeness. Validation of such models over large scales in rugged terrain is therefore necessary. Remote sensing of wet snow has always been motivated by its potential utility in snow hydrology. However, its concrete potential to enhance physically based operational snowpack models in real time remains unproven. Wet-snow maps could potentially help refine the temporal accuracy of simulated snowmelt onset, while the information content of remotely sensed snow cover fraction (SCF) pertains predominantly to the ablation season. In this work, wet-snow maps derived from Sentinel-1 and SCF retrieval from Sentinel-2 are compared against model results from a fully distributed energy balance snow model (FSM2oshd). The comparative analysis spans the winter seasons from 2017 to 2021, focusing on the geographic region of Switzerland. We use the concept of wet-snow line (WSL) to compare Sentinel-1 wet-snow maps with simulations. We show that while the match of the model with flat-field snow depth observation is excellent, the WSL reveals a delayed snowmelt in the southern aspects. Amending the albedo parametrization within FSM2oshd allowed for the achievement of earlier melt in such aspects preferentially, thereby reducing WSL biases. Biases with respect to Sentinel-2 snow-line (SL) observations were also substantially reduced. These results suggest that wet-snow maps contain valuable real-time information for snowpack models, complementing flat-field snow depth observations well, particularly in complex terrain and at higher elevations. The persisting correlation between wet-snow-line and snow-line biases provides insights into refined development, tuning, and data assimilation methodologies for operational snow-hydrological modelling.

Potensi Curug Cinulang Sebagai Wisata Berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Bandung

His research uses qualitative research methods to determine the potential of Curug Cinulang as a sustainable tourist destination in Bandung Regency. By using the triple bottom line concept which includes economic, environmental and social aspects, this research examines how tourism management at Curug Cinulang can provide balanced benefits for the surrounding community, the natural environment and the local economy. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, field observations, and document analysis. The results of the research show that management involving the active participation of local communities not only improves economic welfare through the creation of jobs and business opportunities, but also encourages the preservation of the natural environment around water. plunge. In addition, community involvement in tourism management creates a sense of shared ownership and responsibility, thereby strengthening social cohesion. These results show that Curug Cinulanghas great potential to develop sustainable tourism that provides long-term benefits for all stakeholders..

Abstract 4144549: Proof of Concept of a Novel Culinary Medicine Service Line to Address Diet-Related Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

Background: Poor diet has emerged as a top contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the United States. Evidence-based dietary strategies have been shown to decrease CVD risk by addressing comorbid conditions such as hypertension and diabetes, and there is a growing demand for practical nutrition guidance from health providers. However, implementation of nutrition support in healthcare settings remains limited due to lack of time, expertise, and reimbursement, necessitating creative interprofessional collaboration. Culinary Medicine (CM) combines medical nutrition education with culinary literacy and holds promise to address these challenges. Our study reports on the cascade implementation of a 3-prong CM service line which includes a CM eConsult, 1:1 CM specialty clinic, and shared medical appointment (group visit) in a teaching kitchen at a large, academic medical center from 2021 to 2024. Methods: A CM-specific eConsult was designed and launched on August 1 st 2021 utilizing existing eConsult workflows in the electronic health record. Next, an in-person, interprofessional CM specialty clinic launched at a community-based satellite clinic December 4 th 2022 open to referrals from physicians and patients. In April 2024, established patients in the CM clinic were invited to participate in six, biweekly cooking classes billed as shared medical appointments. A Microsoft PowerBI dashboard was developed to track patient demographics, referrals and participation, associated diagnoses, and billing data for the service line for continuous quality improvement. Results: In the first year of eConsults, 25 eConsults were completed with 19 (76%) reimbursed by insurance. In the first year from launch of the CM specialty clinic, 96 patients completed initial visits with a 100% insurance collections rate. In the recent launch of shared medical appointments, the initial cohort included 17 unique patients with 58% completing at least 4 of 6 classes. Referrals to the CM clinic included hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, and type 2 diabetes as the top 4 associated diagnoses. Conclusions: We demonstrated proof-of-concept of a novel CM service line as an interprofessional, financially sustainable preventive strategy to target patients with diet-sensitive CVD risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. Future study will investigate the impact on biomarkers of CVD health for patients served by the CM service line.

Institutional escapes, breaks, and continuities: Reframing running away from residential child care institutions

Abstract This article offers a novel approach to understand the phenomenon of running away from residential care institutions, challenging prevailing views that pathologize these incidents as individual deviance. Drawing on insights from the sociology of escape and Deleuze and Guattari’s concepts of rhizome and lines of escape, we examine spatial, temporal, and relational dimensions of institutions, revealing the porous nature of institutional boundaries and non-linear characteristics of runaways. By reframing runaways as integral to institutional life rather than isolated events, we argue against reducing them to individual traits. Running away serves as pivotal moments that disrupt and shape institutional norms, highlighting inherent limitations in care. Conceptualizing running away as running-around within the institutional assemblage, we challenge binary inside/outside distinctions and argue that they oversimplify institutional complexity. Our analysis underscores how institutions exert totalizing control through surveillance, while being transformed through acts of running away. Examining the employees’ experiences though five focus group interviews, we critique the conventional perception of institutions as places of care, emphasizing their unbounded and multifaceted social configurations. We discuss how institutional powers shape semiotic systems that govern young people’s behaviour, advocating for a nuanced understanding of residential institutions as rhizomatic formations, where individual actions continually reshape institutional practices and perceptions.

"Picket fence" an alternative clipping technique for wide necked and large aneurysms: technical nuances in a case series.

Complex aneurysms are a therapeutic challenge in contemporary neurosurgery. Several microsurgical and endovascular techniques have been proposed for their treatment. The picket fence clipping technique uses fenestrated clips, that are stacked not to reconstruct the neck of the aneurysm, but to create a duct to normalize the cerebral flow by reconstructing the dome. We present four illustrative cases using the picket fence clipping technique. The aneurysms considered were of different locations (ICA, MCA, AComA), of large or giant size with wide necks, in which clipping attempt with a conventional technique was not possible, so that the use of non-conventional clipping techniques had to be applied with favorable results. In our experience we found this technique useful in large and giant, wide-necked aneurysms by reconstructing the parent vessel according to the concept of the ideal closure line in these previously unreported locations, thereby restoring normal cerebral circulation. The use of non-conventional techniques for clipping complex aneurysms can be used alone or in combination for adequate treatment, preserving cerebral circulation without compromising adequate exclusion of the aneurysm. The Picket fence technique is a feasible clipping technique that can be used as a less morbid option in large and giant aneurysms with wide necks.

Implementation of the Triple Bottom Line Accounting Concept at Hotel X

Environmental and social responsibility is a form of company commitment to the sustainability of tourism in the future. The company does not only focus on profit but also on people and planet, in accordance with the Triple Bottom Line concept. This study aims to determine the implementation of the Triple Bottom Line Accounting concept at Hotel X. This study uses qualitative descriptive analysis techniques and focuses on the scope of the implementation of the Triple Bottom Line Accounting concept in environmental, social and tourism responsibility activities. The data collection procedure is carried out through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. This study uses the Triple Bottom Line Accounting concept by Elkington. The results of this study indicate that Hotel X has implemented the Triple Bottom Line Accounting concept well. The concept of planet, people and profit is implemented through various sustainability programs. Hotel X charges costs for environmental and social activities as hotel cost burdens. Hotel X does not only focus on profit, but also on the natural and social environment of the community.

An elusive line in an elusive frontier: Delineating the historical trajectory of the inner line in India’s northeast

The Inner Line remains one of the most contentious yet enduring legacies of colonial rule in the erstwhile British India’s northeast frontier. However, there is a major disconnect between the popular conception of the Inner Line as a legal shield protecting ‘vulnerable’ communities, and the scholarly deconstruction of the Inner Line as a colonial instrument designed for the exploitation of resources and the policing of hill communities. This article traces the historical trajectory of the Inner Line in India’s northeast and highlights the significant moments when the Inner Line was subjected to varying interpretations. It argues that the history of the Inner Line was characterised by flexibility and instability not only in its physical manifestation as a geographical marker but more particularly in its perceived intent and purpose. Delineating the shifts in the roles and functions that were ascribed to the Inner Line at different historical junctures, this article attempts to reconcile the varied and even contradictory understandings of the Inner Line that continue to persist in postcolonial Northeast India.

The Implementation of Equidistance Line on Maritime Delimitation between Indonesia-Australia in Perth Treaty 1997

This article proposes some suggestions to the government in renegotiating the Perth Treaty to provide a solution for a definitive maritime boundary between Indonesia and Australia. Renegotiation of the Perth Treaty in terms of maritime delimitation between the two countries needs to be done in relation to the limitation of sovereignty of both countries. This treaty has never been ratified by both countries after the signing in 1998. The fundamental reason of Australia is associated with the independence of Timor-Leste in 1999 so that the rebus sic stantibus principle then applies. This research employed legal method to provide recommendations to the government as a basis for renegotiating the Perth Treaty according to international law. It also used a statutory and case approach. There are underlying reasons for the urgency of renegotiating the Perth Treaty using the median line with an equidistance line approach. The median line in UNCLOS 1982 has proven to provide progressive results regarding the maritime delimitation of countries. However the decisions of the International Court of Justice, resulted in various side effects with the use of the median line as a single effort to resolve maritime delimitation disputes. Therefore, a new solution is proposed, namely the median line with an equidistance line approach as the most effective method to create justice for each party. The equidistance line in international law serves as a legal resolution method, emerging from customary practices. It is recognized as new customary law for resolving maritime delimitation disputes between countries. Harmonisation of the median line concept using the equidistance line approach in resolving maritime delimitation disputes between Indonesia and Australia is a new approach that can be used based on the successful harmonisation of these two concepts in resolving delimitation disputes globally.

ANALYSIS OF CSR IMPLEMENTATION AS A COMPANY CONTRIBUTION IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (CASE STUDY ON PT. OTSUKA INDONESIA)

This study analyzes the implementation of CSR programs in a company engaged in the pharmaceutical industry. The purpose of this study is to find out whether PT Otsuka Indoenesia has implemented CSR programs in accordance with the Triple Bottom Line concept. In addition, this study also aims to analyze whether the implementation of CSR programs run by PT Otsuka Indonesia has fulfilled aspects of the Sustainable Development Goals. This research uses an interpretive paradigm with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data in this study were obtained through interviews and observations. The novelty of the study is related to the object of research and analysis of the company's contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals. The results show that the company has implemented CSR programs that are in accordance with the aspects and points contained in the Sustainable Development Goals. The Company runs CSR programs not only to fulfill its social responsibility but also to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. However, companies need to develop their CSR programs into CSV programs, so that the programs run by the company not only provide benefits for program recipients, but also provide economic benefits to the company such as an increase in profits or an increase in sales at the company. Suggestions for future research are researchers to use research objects in other companies in order to find out whether companies in Indonesia have implemented CSR programs in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals. So that Indonesia can achieve its Sustainable Development commitment in 2030.

Feeder–Line Concept Development For Public Transportation Network In Urban Area Based On O-D Matrix And Performance Evaluation

The management of the public transport network system is very important because it affects the future of the city and supports the activities of the community in travelling and movement. This research aims to develop a feeder-line concept on the public transport network based on O-D Matrix and Operational Performance Evaluation. The research method used is the operational performance standard indicator approach based on the Directorate General of Land Transportation SK 687/AJ.206/DRJD/2002 and the O-D Matrix method in determining new route recommendations. This research uses secondary data as well as primary surveys to assess operational performance. The results show that the level of operational performance of public transport in the research area there are still several routes below the standard with a total of routes operating from D1 to D8 of which 75% of the routes are in good condition and the other 25% of the routes have substandard assessment results with a total value of ?18. Thus, it is recommended that rerouting to be carried out on routes whose operational performance is still below standard, namely routes D7, and D8 based on the characteristics of the feeder-line concept to BRT Corridor 2.

Role of artificial intelligence in transmission line protection: A review of three decades of research

The optimal functioning of the power system is crucially dependent upon the sound protection of its major stakeholder, i.e., the transmission line, as it is prone to fault. To maintain the integrity of the power system and protect costly power system equipment, protective relaying is necessary to provide a steady and affordable supply of electricity. Relays recognize, classify, and identify transmission line faults using input signals of voltage and current. Many artificial intelligent methods based on Expert Systems, Artificial Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Support Vector Machines, Wavelet-based systems, and deep learning techniques are being investigated to improve modern digital relays’ consistency, speed, and accuracy. This paper is a comprehensive and all-inclusive survey that reviews and incorporates Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) and Global Positioning System (GPS) approaches together with all of these intelligent transmission line safety strategies and concepts. Initial investigators will benefit from this study by being able to examine, evaluate, and analyze a variety of approaches with references for all relevant contributions.

La Sustentabilidad Empresarial, los informes de sustentabilidad, los índices sustentables y el desempeño financiero

Business sustainability is of great importance today because the context of economic crisis marked by the COVID 19 pandemic has awakened organizations, where the concept of the Triple Bottom Line is exceeded to escalate to the concept of Sustainability. The objective of this work was to outline the way in which sustainability has evolved in the business field, where indexes and reports have been established that allow sizing its impact on financial performance. A documentary investigation was carried out, developing topics such as, Bases of business sustainability, ISO Standards related to the adoption of sustainable practices in companies, Socially responsible investment indices, Evolution of sustainability reports and The relationship between business sustainability and financial performance. The findings allow us to know that sustainability has permeated companies which have adopted ISO standards, as well as sustainability reports, providing information about the sustainable practices they carry out, which allows investors to make informed decisions. It was also found that empirical research has managed to establish the existence of a positive relationship between Business Sustainability and Financial Performance, thus demonstrating the importance of adopting the former to achieve financial success.

Si-C atomic line achieving efficient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reactions

In this study, the concept of a Si-C atomic line (SCAL) featuring fully exposed atomic sites is introduced for the first time, and the SCAL serves as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for nitrogen reduction reactions (NRR). Thanks to the strong binding strength of the Si-C bonds (polar covalent bonds), the SCAL exhibits exceptional structural stability at 298.15 K. With a band gap of 1.86 eV characterized by a semiconductor, SCAL exhibits relatively high conductivity which is advantageous for electrocatalytic processes. N2 is adsorbed on the C sites in an end-on mode due to the most negative adsorption energy (–0.39 eV), and the nature of adsorption is s-p orbital hybridization. Based on the end-on N2 adsorption, the entire NRR pathway is simulated and shows a relatively low energy barrier of 0.50 eV, which is relatively low compared to reported metal-free NRR electrocatalysts. The charge transfer mechanism reveals that the active sites (C atoms) are responsible for charge transfer, while other parts of SCAL act as storage warehouses for charge. Moreover, SCAL demonstrates a preference for NRR over hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), underscoring its excellent electrocatalytic selectivity. This study opens new avenues for designing high-performance catalysts.

Sustainable Homestay Marketing Strategy: Triple Bottom Line Implementation for Post-Pandemic Economic Recovery in Pulesari Tourism Village

The development of tourism villages is an important issue in implementing sustainable tourism principles related to the triple bottom line concept. Pulesari Village is expected to become a tourist village that is able to integrate economic (profit), social (people), and environmental (planet) interests in managing its homestay business. The purpose of this research is to understand the homestay marketing model carried out by the Pulesari Tourism Village Manager in relation to the triple bottom line concept. This research uses data collection techniques through non-participatory observation, in depth interviews, and documentation. The results of this study found that the community owns assets in the form of homestays and is managed professionally together with an institution formed by the village. A percentage profit-sharing system is used as an instrument for sharing income from homestay management. However, efforts to maintain environmental quality are still not the main promotional material because there are still weaknesses, especially in waste management. The community as part of the subject of economic activity in Pulesari Tourism Village needs to be further involved in the process of homestay management and marketing while balancing economic, social and environmental interests.

Identification of hanger damage based on deflection influence matrix

Tied-arch bridges, a vital component of modern infrastructure, are susceptible to various forms of damage, particularly hangers. The detection and identification of such damages are crucial for maintaining structural integrity and safety. However, traditional methods face challenges in terms of accuracy and efficiency. This study aims to develop a refined method for hanger damage identification in tied-arch bridges, to address the limitations of existing techniques. By focusing on deflection changes at the anchoring points between the hangers and tie beams, we sought to enhance the precision of damage detection. We propose an innovative approach based on the concept of influence lines, introducing the ‘generalized deflection difference influence line'and the ‘deflection difference influence matrix’. Then proposed a new identification index for identifying the damaged hanger after matrix. An actual tied-arch bridge was used to validate the proposed approach. A detailed three-dimensional finite element model of the bridge was developed and calibrated using dynamic and static response data. Thirty different hanger-damage conditions were simulated to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Our findings reveal that the deflection difference influence matrix offers more detailed and comprehensive information on bridge distribution points than traditional methods. Our method proved effective in identifying hanger damage, irrespective of its location on the bridge. In additionally, the identification efficiency of the method can be improved by adjusting the magnitude of the applied load, with larger loads amplifying the detectability of damage. This study highlights the potential of the deflection difference influence matrix to revolutionize hanger damage identification for tied-arch bridges. Its adaptability, accuracy, and efficiency are significant advancements over existing methods. This study successfully demonstrates an innovative and reliable method for hanger damage identification.

Aggregated planning to solve multi-product multi-period disassembly line balancing problem by considering multi-manned stations: A generic optimization model and solution algorithms

Disassembly lines are crucial in the recovery process of end-of-life (EOL) products, facilitating the systematic extraction of parts to meet predetermined objectives. While previous studies have made significant advancements, they have not addressed the disassembly line planning and balancing problem by focusing on the real-life significance of combining long-term decision-making and short-term operational missions. This study fills this gap by combining multi-product, multi-period, and multi-manned disassembly line concepts into a novel integrated approach. Initially, a generic optimization model is formulated, incorporating the concept of multi-manned stations. Subsequently, genetic algorithm (GA)-based solution approaches are developed to address the problem’s complexity. Three tactical-level policies, including economic disassembly quantity (EDQ), just-in-time (JIT), and random (R) based lot size policies, are explored within the algorithms. Additionally, simulated annealing-based local search algorithms and two crossover operators, CR1 and CR2, are incorporated to enhance solution quality. Through computational analysis, six algorithms are evaluated, with the GACR1-JIT algorithm demonstrating significant cost reductions compared to alternatives. The findings underscore the growing importance of JIT-based lot size policies, particularly with an increasing number of periods. This research bridges theoretical and practical considerations by highlighting the strategic importance of combining long-term disassembly line planning and short-term lot sizing decisions to improve system performance.

Adoption of Imitation Modeling Tools in Industrial Small and Medium Enterprises: Value Creation and Competitive Advantage

Currently, value creation is considered as a major part of strategic planning and a source of competitive advantage. Competition increases and customers ask for higher service level, but resources are always limited. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) often face the enlarged requirements of rapid changes created by the modern economic tendencies. Therefore, businesses should react promptly and without spending excessive resources (otherwise SMEs may simply stop existing). On this issue, imitation modeling tools give a considerable advantage to SMEs: almost any decisions of strategic or operational management levels can be tested before implementing real business processes. The research question arises at the point of defining the conceptual framework for testing, adopting and implementing new practices (such as digital technologies and projects) with imitation modeling tools. Currently, business excellence often depends on how and at what extent digital solutions transform the traditional way of managing operations. This study is focused on considering many factors influencing logistics business processes in SMEs. The adjusted three-zone model is suggested for achieving operational excellence in industrial SMEs with imitation modeling tools. The suggested approach is based upon the triple bottom line concept, and creates value from several perspectives: economic, social and environmental.