Concept Of Honor Research Articles

Daily Life on the Istrian Frontier: Living on a Borderland in the Sixteenth Century by Robert Kurelić

Reviewed by: Daily Life on the Istrian Frontier: Living on a Borderland in the Sixteenth Century by Robert Kurelić Sybil M. Jack Kurelić, Robert, Daily Life on the Istrian Frontier: Living on a Borderland in the Sixteenth Century (Studies in the History of Daily Life (800–1600), 7), Turnhout, Brepols, 2019; hardback; pp. viii, 232; 6 b/w illustrations, 2 b/w tables; R.R.P. €75.00; ISBN 9782503551869. Robert Kurelić has written both a remarkable and a frustrating book. It is frustrating because, despite a brief overview, the complicated political background of the difficult and diverse corner of Europe studied here has been scattered through the chapters in a way that cannot be easily put together. In order to appreciate the significance of Kurelić's analysis the reader is constantly obliged to review the context elsewhere. It is remarkable because the author has found useful ways in which to extract the information he wants from material not immediately intended to provide it. Interpreting the surviving records for the area is no simple matter, but Kurelić has achieved it in a way that he makes plain to readers. The contemporary analysis of the changes Istria underwent in the period analysed is pessimistic, but Kurelic reviews their presentation and offers a more nuanced exposition. No two frontiers are the same and Kurelić shows that Istria had apparently suffered a more severe loss of population due to famine, plague, and pestilence than most other frontiers in the years since the Black Death. After 1453 Istria was pressured by the increasing threat from the Ottomans, which resulted in the migration from areas overrun by the Turks of many people, known as Morlaks, whose culture was distinct, and who brought with them behaviour deemed criminal by the locals. This differs markedly from the position on borders elsewhere in Europe. Given the nature of the intrusion, Kurelić's conclusion, that the greater [End Page 267] part of the very different populations managed to coexist despite frequent boundary conflicts and the ever-present feud, is unexpected but well argued. Kurelić concentrates on the relationships between the areas under Venetian and those under Austrian influence. The cultural divide he identifies, however, is not so much between the two states as within them. He shows that the coastal towns in the Venetian area enjoyed a different culture and language similar to that of Venice itself, while the interior settlements, both those owing allegiance to Venice and those obeying the Habsburgs, largely spoke the same language, and practised the same local symbolic rituals and traditions. The structure and management of their local churches, which involved the local election of priests, added to the similarity, since they worshipped using the same distinctively different language and rites. It is less surprising that many of the popular beliefs for the whole place and period were common—many supernatural superstitions were Europe-wide if one allows for some local distinctions. Kurelić also illustrates how the administrative structures in all these places were very similar. He shows how throughout the period the entire area was still socially and economically struggling with the loss of population that meant some villages and even towns had disappeared. He highlights the way that agriculture was giving way to animal husbandry and that the people who remained had difficulties in supporting themselves. In showing that local feuding over resources was kept within limits he makes the legal position clear. Whose courts had authority was ill-defined and disputed. The poorly marked boundaries and conflict over the rights and ownership of the territory, especially in the forests, which was of key importance to the residents, resulted in numerous long-drawn-out and inconclusive conflicts. The restrictions that resulted help explain the limitations on the authority of the local officials, especially the zupans. To explain the dynamics of life in Istria Kurelić turns to the difficult concept of honour, differing as it did between the Morlaks, who were basically egalitarian, the established local nobility, and the outside authority. Kurelić concludes that even though the frontiers were a mosaic of complexities and periodically subject to violence, they were ultimately tolerant of the different groups. The frontiers were no impediment to economic...

Othering Honor-Based Violence: The Perspective of Antiviolence Operators in Northern Italy

In recent years, so-called honor-based violence has become a major issue for the operators of the women's shelters in South Tyrol (Northern Italy) that support women who have suffered from domestic violence. The antiviolence operators who work in the women's shelters generally relate this form of violence to the experiences of young migrant-origin women. In this article, we discuss the operators' definitions of honor-based violence, which present a variety of dichotomous categories that reveal a process of othering and evoke the lexicon of the international conventions on gender discrimination and gender-based violence. Indeed, some traces of an essentialist understanding of culture are still recognizable in this lexicon, most of all in the relationship of culture with the concept of honor. We conclude by identifying possible ways to overcome the risk of essentialization in the antiviolence operators' practices, suggesting how to redefine them by incorporating the migrant-origin women's perspectives and stressing the significance of this study for a wider understanding of the women's empowerment in the advocacy work of the women's shelters.

REFRAMING HONOUR IN HETEROSEXUAL IMAGINARIES

This paper explores the relationship between honour and recognition in the context of normative heterosexuality, and the implications of this relationship for sustaining and transforming problematic sexual norms. Building on recent attempts to move beyond a narrow and restrictive focus on consent as a means of thinking through the ethics of heterosexual sex, we reflect critically on the concept of honour in this domain. Honour, in our approach, is a cluster concept that houses a number of related normative values and affective attitudes, including respect, self-respect, pride, dignity, esteem, integrity, trust, and honesty. We examine how honour is distributed by heterosexual imaginaries in ways that privilege men in the sexual encounter, and argue that part of cultivating ethical heterosexual relations is to imagine a sexual honour code where both men and women see themselves, and are seen by their counterpart, as entitled to sexual respect. To conclude, the paper examines and defends the cultivation of ethical, just, and honourable heterosexual relations as a necessarily embodied, intersubjective, and imaginative endeavour that involves challenges to, and shifts within, multiple imaginaries and (in)sensibilities that cluster to support damaging norms of sexual conduct.

Outline of Mimesis, Honor and Dignity in Modern Sport: A Commentary

Abstract When reading the masterpiece about “The Agon Motif” by John W. Loy and W. Robert Morford (2019), I was struck by their recurrent reference to the pursuit of honor in agonal sport contests, as it has become common sense to replace honor with dignity in modernity. I take the German social-philosopher Axel Honneth (1995) as a prime example of spelling out the replacement of honor with dignity in what he names “the struggle for recognition”. In a historical perspective, however, it looks like, that dignity can be understood as a distribution of honor rather than as an oppositional concept of honor. Recognition should not only be conceptualized at the categorical level, but also understood in terms of ‘comparative recognition’, which sorts members of a group into an intra-group hierarchy based on their relative merits and, thereby, pave the way for self-esteem (Mark, 2014). Furthermore, Honneth (2008) develops his concept of recognition to a two-level one by including a primordial recognition in terms of mimesis based upon his former concept of basic self-confidence. It is a kind of elementary responsiveness, which always and necessarily contains an element of involuntary openness or devotedness in the bodily-affective sphere. Therefore, I suggest taking mimesis as the precondition of honor into account and understanding dignity as a distribution of honor in the institution of modern sport.

Armed Groups and the DOD Manual: Shining a Light on Overlooked Issues

The purpose of this chapter is to examine how the Department of Defence (DoD) Law of War Manual addresses certain issues specific to armed groups operating in non-international armed conflicts. It examines four issues which have not been addressed elsewhere in this volume, which are specifically relevant to armed groups and/or their members and which have hitherto fallen under the radar in existing analysis of the Manual. Part I of the Chapter examines how the Manual understands armed groups to be addressees of international humanitarian law. Part II examines how the Manual addresses the principles of international humanitarian law, looking in particular at the Manual’s reliance on the concept of honor in non-international armed conflict. Part III assesses the approach that the Manual takes to the targetability of members of armed groups. Part IV examines the assertion that members of insurgent groups can be compelled to fight on behalf of a State.

Gefühlskalte Bürokratie: Emotionen im Verwaltungshandeln des frühen 19. Jahrhunderts

Abstract The article deals with the narrative of the ‘cold’ or ‘inhumane bureaucracy’. The author argues that one can already observe this narrative during the early bureaucratisation in Germany. He shows that the perception of a ‘cold bureaucracy’ resulted from conflicts about the legitimacy of administrative practices: The new bureaucratic system clashes with the traditional practices exercised by officials, among them certain gift-giving practices. Those actions were based on a concept of honour, they shaped the emotional practices of the officials. The bureaucratic system reduced the spaces for those emotional practices, because it interdicted traditional practices. Officials argued that this interdiction and the bureaucratic instruments of monitoring and controlling was mistrusting and defamatory to them. Public observers condemned the new administrative system to be ‘cold’ and ‘inhumane’. They demanded more spaces for emotional practices by reallowing traditional actions and re-introducing elements of the old administrative system.

The End of an Age: William Shakespeare’s Troilus and Cressida

This paper discusses the subversion of the epic and medieval romance tradition through the elements of grotesque realism in William Shakespeare’s Troilus and Cressida . The play exposes chivalric values, courtly love, and romance values as invalid forms in the new age that is defined in more mercantile terms. Shakespeare shows the absurdity and hypocrisy of the concept of honor and courtly love ideals of the medieval culture through the fool and the go-between, Thersites and Pandarus, who can be interpreted as elements of grotesque realism of medieval folk culture as Bakhtin describes. For Bakhtin, this festive, carnivalesque spirit is crucial in the emergence of the Renaissance, a new culture with its own set of values and literary forms.

War by Other Means? Incentives for Power Seekers in Thomas Hobbes's Political Philosophy

AbstractThe problem of the power seeker is of crucial importance for Hobbes's political philosophy. While education might aid in changing the behavior of some people, Hobbes is clear that there are limits to the effectiveness of education and that incurable, unsocial power seekers will persist. In my analysis, I ask whether and, if so, how Hobbes can also get these incurable power seekers on board. The result of my findings that Hobbes provides a huge variety of treatments for power seekers, including incentives to betray and exploit their fellow citizens by employing a public gesture of civility, has implications for Hobbes research: it shows the complexity and costs of Hobbes's “solution” to the problem of war and corrects a widespread developmental hypothesis about the concept of honor in Hobbes's works. Thereby, it can also enrich a recent diagnosis about the decline of honor in modern societies.

채권자취소권의 본질과 적용 범위 축소 필요성에 대한 고찰

대법원 판례는 채권자취소권과 관련하여 수익자의 악의의 추정, 판결의 상대적 효력을 인정하고 있다. 채권자취소권은 로마법상의 파울리아나 소권 및 프랑스 민법의 폐파소권을 계수한 것이다. 파울리아나 소권에 대한 법무관의 주석에 따르면, 파울리아나 소권은 채권자가 증인 앞에서 수익자에게 자신의 채권의 존재와 채무자와 거래하지 말 것을 고지하였음에도 불구하고 수익자가 채무자와 거래한 경우 및 채무자가 수익자에게 무상으로 증여함으로써 무자력이 되어 채권을 변제할 수 없을 때에 한하여 행사될 수 있도록 되어 있다. 프랑스 폐파소권은 민사집행법상의 추심명령이나 전부명령이 없는 상태에서 채권자의 채권을 보호하기 위해 고안된 제도이다. 그런데 우리 민사집행법은 독일법상의 추심명령 및 전부명령제도를 도입하였다. 따라서 채권자는 담보권을 취득하거나, 가압류 등의 보전처분과 추심명령 및 전부명령을 결합시켜 자신의 채권에 대한 회수 방안을 강구할 수 있다. 그런데 이런 절차를 사전에 밟지 않은 채 채권자취소권을 행사하게 되면 수익자로서는 예상하지 못한 피해를 볼 가능성이 높다. 채권자취소권은 물권의 채권에 대한 우위성, 채권자평등주의를 침해하는 문제가 있다. 특히 대법원 판례가 수익자의 악의를 추정함으로써 수익자의 패소가능성을 높이고 있다. 이는 결국 거래의 안전을 침해하게 되어 법적 안정성을 침해하게 되고, 수익자의 반대급부로 채권자가 채권을 회수할 수 있게 하고, 재산을 은닉한 채무자에게 부당이득을 안겨 주는 경우가 일반적이다. 담보권제도 및 보전처분제도가 갖춰진 현행법 체계에서 채권자취소권의 존재 가치는 낮아졌다고 할 것이므로, 대법원은 파울리나오 소권에 대한 법무관의 주석처럼 수익자의 악의 추정 범위를 축소시켜 수익자를 보호하고, 상대적 무효설이 아닌 절대적 무효설을 취하여 수익자가 배당참가할 수 있는 기회를 보장하는 방향으로 판례를 변경할 필요성이 있다고 하겠다.

명예의 개념과 명예훼손에 대한 민법상 구제방법에 관한 연구

재산법을 중심으로 한 근대민법에 있어서의 인간의 지위는 ‘모든 인간의 완전하고 평등한 인격권의 승인(법적 인격의 완전성·평등성·추상성)’, ‘스스로의 의사에 의해 자유롭게 자기의 관한 사법관계를 형성할 수 있는 입법자(인격권의 미발달과 의사의 우월)’, 그리고 ‘지적·사회적·경제적 힘의 차이가 고려되지 않은 추상적 성격에, 그 이면에 있는 이성적·의사적으로 강한 현명한 인간상(강하고 현명한 인간상)’이었던 것이다. 하지만, 재산법 위주로 파악되어왔던 근대민법에 대하여 현대에 들어서는 인간에 대한 민법상의 관점에 있어서의 변천과 변화가 있었다. 그 변천내용을 요약하면 다음과 같다. ‘모든 사람의 완전하고 평등한 법적 인격 승인에서 인격권의 승인으로’이라는 것이고, 법적 인격에 대해서는 ‘자유로운 입법자에서 법률의 보호의 대상으로(불평등하고 구체적인 인간)’, ‘법적 인격의 평등에서 불평등한 인간으로’, ‘추상적인 법적 인격에서 구체적 인간으로’이고, 그리고 그 배후에 있는 ‘이성적·의사적으로 강하고 현명한 인간에서 약하고 어리석은 인간으로’라는 것이다. 근대민법에서 현대민법으로의 변화를 ‘민법에 있어서의 인간의 재발견 내지 회복의 방향’으로 평가하고 있다. 즉, 「자본주의경제사회의 법(상품교환의 법)으로서의 민법에서 시민사회의 법(인의 법)으로서의 민법으로」라는 민법관의 전환이다. 그 민법관의 전환의 중심에 있는 것이 인격권의 중시이고, 인격권의 대표적인 것이 인간의 ‘명예’라고 할 수 있다. 즉, 명예는 인격권의 핵심적인 하나의 내용이자, 보호법익이라고 할 수 있다. 자본주의경제사회의 법(상품교환의 법)으로서의 민법에서 시민사회의 법(인의 법)으로서의 민법으로라는 민법관의 전환과 불법행위법의 기능변화(사후적 구제수단→사전적 예방수단) 속에서 「명예의 개념과 명예훼손에 대한 민법상 구제방법에 관한 연구」에 대한 연구의 필요성이 있고, 본 연구에서는 우리나라의 민법과 불법행위법의 발전적 입법화를 제언함에 있어서 해당 규정의 도입에 대하여 연혁적·거시적·역사적·문화적·사회적·경제적 배경을 충분히 검토하고 우리나라의 특수한 배경도 동시에 고려하기로 한다. 그리고 현대의 민법(국민생활과 민법규범간의 부조화, 민법의 민생지원 기능에 대한 강화 필요성, 선진 법률문화 구축, 인터넷을 기반으로 한 현대정보화사회와 관련된 의사표시이론의 정립 등)이 가지고 있는 문제점도 감안하면서, 명예의 개념과 명예훼손에 대한 민법상 다양한 구제방법(금지청구, 징벌적 손해배상) 등을 포함한 불법행위법에 있어서 우리나라의 발전적 입법화를 더욱 효과적으로 운용할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

OLD FRISIAN INSULTS IN CULTURAL-HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

This paper discusses Old Frisian swear words used in the Medieval society to insult another member. These include 8 simplexes and compound words attested in the Old Frisian sources. The Old Frisian corpus can be characterized as a minor one, limited not only in terms of its volume, but also in terms of the genre spectrum. To be more precise, all Old Frisian texts, be that codices, charters or private letters, are related to the legal domain. As blood vengeance was widely practiced in the Middle Age Frisia, the continuous sequence of vendetta was limited through a compensation system covering a vast variety of illegal cases. The concept of honour was of great importance for the Frisians, and any offence was to be compensated in the court. At this, a persons honour could be offended not only through causing bodily harm or property damage, but through verbal insults as well.
 The paper analyses four semantic groups of insults: insults related to or addressed to females; social status understatement; intellectual abilities understatement; comparison with animals. Each of the eight cases considered in the paper are discussed within a wider cultural-historical context. First of all, the female-related swear words are connected with, on the one hand, the pan-Germanic idea of female night spirits choking the sleeping person, or, on the other hand, emphasize the bastardly status of the addressee, which would negatively predetermine their position in the Frisian society. Secondly, the addressee could have been insulted by a direct statement of their limited or completely absent property, which would assert their low social status as well. Thirdly, and this case is still relevant for the contemporary world, an insult could have been based on a statement of the addressees limited intellectual capabilities. Finally, the fourth group includes designations of animals associated with aggression or indecency.
 An analysis of Old Frisian swear words and their functions as insults in a wider context allows to touch upon and reflect basic linguo-historical features of the Old Germanic data despite the minimal volume of the lexical selection.

Law, honour, violence: the Supreme Court’s legal and non-legal voice

ABSTRACTLaw has an ambiguous relationship with honour. The concept of honour is not typically associated with technical–rational legal reasoning, and also sits uneasily with the modern legal emphasis on equality and individual autonomy. However, honour is a fundamental social value that necessarily marks the law’s imagination and informs its speech, and the language of honour is deployed in a variety of legal contexts. In order to explore how the discourse of honour operates within juridical discourse, this paper looks at the Supreme Court of India’s recent directives concerning the playing of the national anthem in cinema halls, in conjunction with some of its comments in cases involving honour killings. The analysis attempts to show how, in both contexts, the Court’s pronouncements reflect the tension between the language of legal reasoning and the language of honour, and how the latter operates in discursive opposition to autonomy and in the service of violence.

The politics of modern honor

Modern honor appears to be distinguished by two contradictory impulses, a neglect or even disdain of honor, and an ambition to elevate and promote it as dignity, self-esteem, and recognition. The article argues that these tensions can be traced to a foundational difference regarding the political importance of the passion of honor, evident in the seminal and contending formulations by Machiavelli and Hobbes. In recovering and articulating the bases of these competing modern conceptions of honor and tracing the influence of their divergent trajectories, the article seeks to show the importance of honor for understanding contemporary politics.

The Natural Laws of Good Manners: Hobbes, Glory, and Early Modern Civility

AbstractAccording to Hobbes, glory causes conflict in two ways: by causing competition over comparative recognition, and by making men violently sensitive to insult. Interpreters have generally depicted the sensitivity to insult as a manifestation of the desire for comparative recognition. This reading raises two problems. First, the two ways in which Hobbes uses glory are inconsistent. Second, if the problem with glory is comparison, then the law of nature enjoining the acknowledgment of equality should lead to war rather than peace. This paper illuminates these obscurities by placing Hobbes in the context of the contemporary literature on honor and civility. These sources reveal two concepts of honor which correspond to the two ways in which Hobbes writes about glory. Hobbes draws heavily from these sources, but intentionally elides the two concepts of honor in order to undermine an ideology of honor that was used to justify disobedience and unlawful violence.

L’honneur dans l’oeuvre de Montesquieu par Federico Bonzi

textual meaning would enrich the discussion of the generic boundaries between comedy and tragedy, as well as of the fraught relationship between politics and theater. A fine discussion of clemency underscores how the extra-legal decision to take no action in the face of crime corresponds to a redefinition of the king from executor of the law to its embodiment, an observation that illuminates readings of Cinna and Rotrou’s Vencenslas (although concluding this interpretation with Rotrou’s historically and thematically anterior Crisante does little to reinforce this argument). Returning to Racine, Bilis shows how the “king’s judgment becomes the central problem of the play, not its resolution” (185) in Mithridate and Phèdre, whose monarchs are blinded by their emotions and an over-reliance on ambiguous physical evidence reminiscent of tragicomic dénouements evoked earlier in the study. Even Racine fails in the contradictory task of constructing a moving spectacle around a faultless sovereign. Passing Judgment convincingly argues that this irreconcilable esthetic-political paradox pushed seventeenth-century playwrights toward the dynamic, original artistic practices that characterize the golden age of French tragedy. Louisiana State University Jeffrey M. Leichman Bonzi, Federico. L’honneur dans l’œuvre de Montesquieu. Paris: Champion, 2016. ISBN 978-2-7453-3052-9. Pp. 430. Bonzi’s examination of honor, the fundamental principle in Montesquieu’s definition of monarchy in the Esprit des lois, fills an important gap in Montesquieu studies. Although there have been book-length works devoted to virtue and fear—the principles of democracy and despotism respectively in the Esprit des lois—there has not been, to date, such an in-depth study of honor. Bonzi’s effort exhibits both strengths and weaknesses. First among the study’s strong points is its genetic focus. Bonzi examines all of Montesquieu’s works in order to account for the constitutive ideological, philosophical, and literary elements that would merge over time into the concept of honor as it would ultimately appear in the Esprit des lois. Additionally, Bonzi is to be praised for eschewing a purely linear, evolutionary examination. Instead, he teases out clusters of ideas surrounding five thematic nuclei: distinction, the relationship of the general to the specific, power, liberty, and nobility. Overall the book is well organized, with the exploration of these nuclei divided into chapters based on chronological periods of Montesquieu’s writing, each containing logical subsections. At the same time, however, certain stylistic and explanatory weaknesses within the organizational sub-units may present an obstacle even to highly educated readers, including professional eighteenth-century specialists. In spite of the book’s solid macro-structure, the more localized prose within subsections can be hazy, with too-frequent skips and jumps from one concept or reference to the next. Exegetic assessments are frequently made without adequate demonstration, as if the ideas go without saying, or as if 250 FRENCH REVIEW 91.4 Reviews 251 readers will understand them implicitly. References to other period works are similarly passed over in too rapid a manner without adequate context or explanation. Consequently , readers may often find themselves lost in a confused flurry of complex ideas. Bonzi clearly shows his own mastery of Montesquieu’s works and of a vast body of related literature from antiquity through the eighteenth century. However, Bonzi fails to raise readers to his level and guide them on the long, difficult journey through Montesquieu’s texts. As a result, the potential audience for this book is narrow. L’honneur is likely to appeal to professional scholars who are intimately familiar with the full gamut of Montesquieu’s works and whose research focuses specifically on the principles of government in the Esprit des lois.Other readers will find the work unsuited to their needs. Ohio University Christopher Coski Bouloumié,Arlette, éd. Modernité de Michel Tournier. Rennes: PU de Rennes, 2016. ISBN 978-2-7535-4861-9. Pp. 218. Michel Tournier nous a quittés en 2016. Ce recueil, en cinq parties de deux à trois articles, est un hommage rendu par douze spécialistes de son œuvre. Une importance nouvelle est donnée aux ouvrages“mineurs”que les succès romanesques ont pu éclipser. Un dossier de quatorze lettres et facsimilés, ainsi que...

The Writings: Job–Sirach

The WritingsJob–Sirach John Thomas Willis, Christopher T. Begg, and William J. Urbrock 1246. [Job] Jan Fokkelman, "Salient Features in the Book," Present State of Old Testament Studies, 47-63 [see #1527]. F. discusses six issues in Job: (1) Job was not an Israelite, but a celebrity from prehistoric times living in the southeast of Transjordan. The author of Job was inspired by Ezekiel for the keywords nḥm, "to console," and ḥnm, "for naught." (2) The crucial keyword in Job is tmm, "integrity," which is itself closely connected to ṣdqh, "righteousness." (3) The genre of the Book of Job is a thought experiment carried out with the tools of poetic art as a variant on the genre of Wisdom. (4) In Job 28, Job uses harsh negations to win the argument: there is no wisdom in the land of the living. (5) Job 29, 30, and 31 are the core of the entire Book of Job, poetically, rhetorically, emotionally, and spiritually. Job's three goals in chap. 31 are to demonstrate his perfect innocence, that his moral and religious principles have not changed, and to challenge God's treatment of himself; and finally (6) Job 42:7-9 states that Yhwh praised Job for speaking to Yhwh plainly and directly, unlike his friends in their words to Job.—J.W. 1247. [Job] Annette Schellenberg, "Warum Hiob trotz Krankheit getrötst kann sein. Beobachtungen zum Thema Ehre und Würde im Hiobbuch," TZ 74 (2018) 48-68. Taking as her starting point the thesis that at the end of the Book of Job the protagonist while not healed of his disease is nonetheless "comforted" (see 42:11), S. argues that the emotional stabilization of Job (his "comforting") spoken of at the end of the book has to do with the fact that in the preceding divine speeches questions of honor and worth are also addressed. More concretely, the divine speeches are of relevance first of all for the honor/worth theme in that they restore Job's feelings of honor and dignity even as they also make clear that Job's previous conceptions of honor were inadequate and that honor is not everything, since alongside this is also dignity, which is grounded in the state of creature-hood as such, apart from the strength and splendor the given creature may (not) possess. Accordingly, the Book of Job is to be seen as a biblical text that deserves a hearing just as much as Genesis 1 in contemporary discussions concerning human (or creaturely) dignity. [Translated from published abstract—C.T.B.] 1248. [Job] Markus Witte, "Hiob als jüdisches, christliches, und paganes Werk. Überlegungen zur Hermeneutik heiliger Schriften," Congress Volume Stellenbosch 2016, 329-53 [see #1517]. W. presents the Book of Job as a document of "Sacred Scripture," which already in its original Hebrew form reflects the interplay of Jewish and "pagan" (ANE) elements. This feature is likewise evident in the book's subsequent redactions (e.g., the Elihu speeches of chaps. 32–37, translations (LXX and Targum Job), retellings (the Testament of Job), and citations in the NT and subsequent Christian literature, in which the book takes on ever-new features that serve to make it accessible to Jewish, Christian, and "pagan" readers. As such, the book constitutes an ongoing invitation to interreligious dialogue about the fundamental questions of the meaning of life, suffering, and God, in which all may join and will find both suggestions about how such a dialogue might be conducted as well as challenges to expand and enrich their own presuppositions and views on the questions at issue.—C.T.B. [End Page 426] 1249. [Job 37:11] Aron Pinker, "Lightening a Cloudy Job 37:11," JNSL 43 (2, 2017) 27-51. P. suggests that the difficulties associated with the interpretation of Job 37:11 can be resolved if one supposes that Elihu in this verse is capitalizing on the puzzling behavior of clouds, such as their constant moving from place to place, production of rain, and seemingly causing the jagged appearance of lightning in his accusing Job of hubris. In making his case, P. proposes to...

Türkiyeli Göçmenler ve İsveçliler Arasında Bir Çatışma Nedeni Olarak Namus: Uppsala ve Stockholm Örneği

The concept of honor and honor killings continue to exist and be readapted to diverse patriarchal structures both in Turkey and other European countries. The practice of honor killings and the norm of honor erect walls between Western and Eastern cultures and support the ethnocentric discourse nourished by differences in gender regimes. This study is based on a review of feminist literature on honor and honor killings, a theoretical discussion on multiculturalism and intercultural communication, and 30 in-depth interviews conducted in Stockholm and Uppsala. This study claims that Turkish immigrants living in Sweden protect their perception of honor and that this perception has undesirable effects on communication between these immigrants and Swedes , despite the semantic and functional transformation of honor as a result of migration and multiculturalism.

Los crímenes de honor como prácticas culturales perjudiciales

The article analyses honor crimes as harmful cultural practices. Their legal recognition is urgently needed in the international legal system. They are the result of a patriarchal culture, linked to the concept of honor that is embodied by women and whose preservation depends on female behaviour. In spite of the fact that they are abuses and violations of human rights, such practices find protection and justification in some legal systems provided that they are cultural. The weakness of international regulation in this area encourages the creation of a broad definition of honor crimes. Cedaw is the only universal international treaty dealing with harmful cultural practices.

Science as a Matter of Honour: How Accused Scientists Deal with Scientific Fraud in Japan.

Practices related to research misconduct seem to have been multiplied in recent years. Many cases of scientific fraud have been exposed publicly, and journals and academic institutions have deployed different measures worldwide in this regard. However, the influence of specific social and cultural environments on scientific fraud may vary from society to society. This article analyzes how scientists in Japan deal with accusations of scientific fraud. For such a purpose, a series of scientific fraud cases that took place in Japan has been reconstructed through diverse sources. Thus, by analyzing those cases, the social basis of scientific fraud and the most relevant aspects of Japanese cultural values and traditions, as well as the concept of honour which is deeply involved in the way Japanese scientists react when they are accused of and publicly exposed in scientific fraud situations is examined.

“A FOOTSTOOL OF WAR, HONOUR AND SHAME?” PERSPECTIVES INDUCED BY PSALM 110:1

One of the key concepts and metaphors in Psalm 110:1 is the concept of “the enemy made a footstool”. The war language is especially illustrated by the imagery of the footstool, where the warfare function or purpose can be expressed through the concepts of honour and shame. To gain a better perspective on the meaning and use of this imagery it is first indicated why the imagery of the footstool can be considered as part of war language and imagery (part of warfare). Secondly, the role of honour and shame as an expression of the function and purpose of the war language and imagery is made through a social-scientific analysis of the footstool. Thirdly, iconography of different ancient Near Eastern (and Mediterranean) contexts is used as an extratextual source to elucidate the concept of the footstool in its use of war language and imagery as further expressed through the concepts of honour and shame. Lastly, the use of footstool in Psalm 110:1 is examined and applied. This identifies the footstool in Psalm 110:1 as “a footstool of war, honour and shame”.