Physical Concepts Research Articles

Meta-Analysis: The Effect of PhET Simulation Media on Enhancing Conceptual Understanding in Physics Learning

In the learning process, using interesting media can improve the quality of learning, especially in understanding concepts. PhET simulation media is one of the learning media that can be used. This research is one type of research to know how high the effect of learning by using PhET simulation media using meta-analysis to improve understanding of concepts in physics learning is. Meta-analysis, used as a research method, consists of formulating problems, collecting, coding, analyzing, and interpreting data. The population and sample were used as research material in scientific articles published nationally discussing the effect of PhET simulation media to improve understanding of concepts in physics learning in 2017–2022. Based on the research conducted, an effect size value of 1.48 was obtained, and the interpretation of the effect size value of the effect of PhET simulation media with the dependent variable, namely understanding of concepts in physics learning, was 92% so that the research conducted was classified in the high category. This means that the PhET simulation media have a strong effect on increasing the effectiveness of students' understanding of concepts in physics learning, especially at the SMA, SMK, or MA education level. Thus, PhET is one of the learning media in the form of interactive simulations that can be utilized in education because it presents complex data about processes and concepts so that students can more easily understand the subjects taught in detail.

Assessing physical literacy with school-aged children in occupational therapy practice: An exploratory qualitative study

Introduction: Physical literacy (the physical, psychological, social and cognitive capacities needed for movement and physical activity) is arguably important to occupational therapy yet is not explicit within current practice. This study aimed to understand how occupational therapists can engage with the physical literacy concept. Method: Eight paediatric occupational therapists were recruited by purposive sampling. Participants completed up to three semi-structured interviews to understand perspectives on physical literacy, introduce a novel pictorial assessment and to seek feedback on the assessment after trialling. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Sixteen interviews were conducted. Four themes were identified: ‘Foreign tongue’ (occupational therapists have an understanding of physical literacy but used different terminology); ‘Sounds very OT oriented’ (illustrating the connection between physical literacy and occupational therapy); ‘We need the child’s voice’ (measure highlights the child’s perspective); and ‘Contemporary, useful BUT not for all’ (measure had utility for some children but was dependant on child’s condition). Conclusion: Occupational therapists can apply the physical literacy construct to traditional models and core concepts. The assessment can be used in paediatric occupational therapy practice supported by clinical reasoning, although future tool iterations may need to accommodate some children with disability.

Online Learning Using PhET Simulation Videos and Real Laboratory Videos for Students' Understanding of the Hydrostatic Pressure Concept

This study aims to analyze the effect of the PhET simulation video (VSP) and real Laboarturium video (VLN) on high school student's understanding of the concept of hydrostatic pressure in online learning. The research was conducted in three representative schools in Palu City. This study used a pseudo-experimental method by comparing: 1) Experiment class 1 taught based on VSP-VLN design with Experiment class 2 taught based on VLN-VSP design; 2) Experiment class 1 and control class whose learning is based on conventional learning; and 3) experimental class 2 with control class. The determination of experimental classes and control classes in each school was carried out by purposive sampling. The statistical test results for the first case showed no significant difference between Experiment Class 1 and Experiment 2 (significance value greater than 0.05). Meanwhile, between Experiment Class 1 and the control class, there is a difference in the N-Gain value (%). This is supported by a significance value of less than 0.05. A comparison between the Experiment 2 class and the control class also shows differences. The average N-Gain (%) score of Experiment Class 1 and Experiment Class 2 is higher than the average value of the N-Gain (%) of the control class. This study concludes that learning using a combination of PhET simulation videos and real laboratory videos, in any order, can positively influence students' understanding of physics concepts compared to conventional learning in the entire online learning system. Video content can be used online or face-to-face to learn physics concepts directly through simulations and real laboratories.

Leading effect for wind turbine wake models

As wind energy expands worldwide, the demand of reliable, fast, cost-efficient wind turbine wake models is growing. This is a significant challenge as wind turbines face various inflow conditions that include turbulence, inhomogeneities/instationarities and upstream wakes. In consequence, an enormous number of engineering models, each one based on different physical concepts, has been proposed. The majority focuses on the far wake where the mean velocity recovers and turbulence decays after it built up. We argue that the most important, or the leading, parameter for wake modeling is the length scale of a virtual origin. Testing different models from the literature for data sets from laboratory wind turbines and multi-megawatt turbines obtained by LiDAR, we find that all models perform significantly better when such a virtual origin is added. Our results can therefore be used for a yet missing definition of a near wake zone.

Perbandingan Pemahaman Konsep Fisika Dasar Berdasarkan Jalur Masuk Mahasiswa Departemen Pendidikan Fisika

Students' understanding of Basic Physics concepts regarding Kinematics has different levels of understanding according to the entry route. This research aims to determine the comparison of understanding of Basic Physics concepts regarding Kinematics based on student entry points at the Department of Physics Education. The type of research used is experimental research. The sample used was 34 undergraduate students majoring in Physics Education who were chosen randomly. The research instrument used was a questionnaire with four multiple choice questions. Data collection techniques use Google Forms which are shared in class groups. The data obtained were analyzed using CRI (Certainty of Response Index) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The research results show that there are differences in understanding of Basic Physics concepts based on entry route

Robots competitivos: una nueva herramienta para el aprendizaje

Robots have become a leading field of interest at the intersection of engineering, robotics, and education, especially in educational competitions. These competitions offer a unique platform to foster creativity, critical thinking, and the development of technical skills in students of all ages. The design of a climbing robot is framed within the scope of educational competitions, encompassing essential components for a comprehensive learning experience. First, the electronic design involves the development of circuits and control systems that allow the robot to climb efficiently and safely. The mechanical design focuses on creating a robust and adaptable structure that facilitates the robot's vertical movement. The mathematical modeling of the motor is essential to understand and optimize the performance of the power source, while the dynamic model of the system provides a holistic view of the interactions between the components. Finally, the mathematical model becomes a fundamental tool for simulation and analysis, allowing students to explore mathematical and physics concepts applied in the context of climbing robotics.

PROBLEMS IN FORMING STUDENTS’ COMPETENCE IN TEACHING PHYSICS

In recent years, global challenges have brought about significant changes in the field of education. While some of these changes have positively impacted the learning process, others have had negative consequences. On the positive side, the introduction of innovative technologies and digital learning tools has enhanced the quality of education and improved learning outcomes. However, the negative aspects of globalization, such as increased distractions and the loss of traditional learning values, have led to a decrease in students’ motivation to study.This article aims to identify the factors that hinder the development of subject competence in phys-ics among students in the current educational landscape. To achieve the goals and objectives of the study, a survey was conducted involving 53 teachers with varying years of experience teaching physics in Kazakh-medium classes. These teachers provided valuable insights into the challenges they face in fostering subject competence among their students.The results of the survey revealed that the vast majority of teachers believe the primary obstacle to the formation of students’ competence in physics is the lack of didactic materials aligned with the updated curriculum. The absence of well-structured resources that reflect the changes in the curriculum has made it difficult for teachers to effectively engage students and reinforce key concepts in physics. Furthermore, the study found that the inadequate provision of teaching aids, particularly in remote rural areas, further exacerbates the issue. Many schools in these areas lack the necessary equipment and re-sources to provide students with hands-on learning experiences.In addition to material challenges, the survey highlighted the decline in students’ motivation to acquire knowledge. This drop in motivation is attributed to several factors, including the increasing influence of digital distractions and a growing disconnect between students’ daily lives and academic learning. The lack of motivation, combined with the scarcity of modern educational tools and resources, poses a significant barrier to the effective teaching of physics.In conclusion, the study underscores the urgent need to address these challenges in order to improve the teaching of physics and foster better student competence in the subject. This will require not only updating didactic materials to align with new curricula but also ensuring that all schools, especially those in rural areas, are equipped with the necessary teaching aids. Additionally, strategies to enhance student motivation and engagement must be prioritized to create a more conducive learning environment.

Implementing Case-Method in Maritime-Related Learning: A Qualitative Descriptive Study in Physics Learning on The Topic of Hydrostatics Pressure

The need to develop 21st-century skills requires lecturers to apply appropriate learning to develop skills. This study aims to describe how the implementation of case-method learning for physics lectures on the topic of hydrostatic pressure by integrating the maritime context. This research is a descriptive study. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through observation and documentation. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented based on the stages of case- method learning. The implementation of the case method in physics learning on the topic of hydrostatic pressure by linking the maritime context can be done by providing problems that are in accordance with the conditions or events that students often encounter. For instance, we present a problem related to the sinking of the KRI Nanggala 402 ship, a real-life maritime incident involving a steel ship that split into 3 parts. Students discuss in groups to find solutions to problems using appropriate physics concepts and strategies. After going through a series of problem-solving processes, students can understand the essence of the concept of hydrostatic pressure, what events are related to this concept, and how to apply it in solving problems.

Training teachers on new topics and new tools in Physics education

We report the result of a collaboration among Universities, Schools, and Institutions to increase interest in new tools and learning environments. To address this issue, we provide scientific and didactic support to teachers through different kinds of training sessions to introduce innovative didactic methodologies for teaching and learning. The project involved a training course both in streaming and carried-out sessions with university staff as well as secondary school teachers. We selected current research such as climate change, space missions, and Einstein’s relativity since they are not commonly included in the Italian physics curriculum; we suggested an approach based on some new methodologies and technologies to introduce these topics. We used microcontroller development boards for measuring environmental parameters, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and data processing applied to Open Data from space missions or weather archives. We also suggested a new approach to teaching modern physics. For this purpose, we used a web-based platform to explore the basic concepts of relativistic physics by emphasizing its impact on Global Positioning Systems, which is of utmost importance in everyday life.

Exponential Time Differencing Scheme for Fractional Plasma Oscillations

Plasma represents one of the four basic states of matter, along with the solid, liquid, and gas states. Plasma oscillations represent a fundamental concept in plasma physics, and their understanding is crucial in various applications. Fractional order Lorentz models for plasma oscillations offer a more flexible framework for describing the complex dynamics and memory effects that are often observed in plasma systems. In this paper, we consider a fractional-order model for plasma oscillations. The model involves Caputo fractional derivative of order between one and two. An exponential time differencing method is developed to approximate the motion of electrons driven by zero, static, and oscillating electric fields.

One-dimensional synthetic waterborne phononic crystals

Underwater acoustics has wide applications in underwater communication, underwater positioning, underwater navigation, and so on. Inspired by the concept of topological physics, the study of topological states in waterborne phononic crystals provides a brand-new way for innovatively controlling underwater waves, which has both basic research value and important application prospects. In this work, we design a one-dimensional bilayer iron grid waterborne phononic crystal to realize a synthetic two-dimensional Dirac point by considering the relative lateral translation between the two layers as a synthetic dimension. Through changing the relative lateral translation, the double degenerate band opens a gap, which is characterized by the valley Chern number. As the band gap opens, closes and reopens, the bulk band undergoes a band inversion, that is, a topological phase transition from one valley topological phase to another. At the interface formed by two phononic crystals with distinct valley topological phases, the valley Chen number ensures the deterministic existence of the interface state. Experimental measurements are in good agreement with numerical simulations, both showing the bulk bands of waterborne phononic crystals at different valley topological phases and the interface state dispersion between them. The waterborne phononic crystal proposed in this work has a simple structure. With the help of the concept of synthetic dimension, it provides an effective way to study the topological properties of high-dimensional systems in low-dimensional real space systems, and gives new ideas for designing topological functional underwater acoustic devices. In addition, we can expand the real space system to two or even three dimensions, and introduce more synthetic dimensions to study the topological states and associated transport characteristics of higher-dimensional systems.

Momentum work and the energetic foundations of physics. V. Interaction of quantum objects via processes

Momentum work involves a change in the basic energetic concepts of physics, which also concerns binding processes. We apply the findings from the preceding papers in this series and describe any kind of interaction between particles via processes instead of forces. We illustrate a new understanding of the interaction and the energies involved using a vibrating diatomic molecule. After a detailed critical review of the current force-based interpretation of potential energy profiles, such as the Morse or Lennard-Jones potentials, the energy profiles are reinterpreted within the framework of quantum-process thermodynamics and the forms of energy released during the spontaneous formation of a bond are specified. Interaction by processes implies the real wave character of any quantum object, provides a path toward the development of a unified interaction theory, and should initiate a paradigm shift in fundamental theoretical physics.

Do students have sufficient knowledge of physics to take marine biology courses?

Physics and biology are two branches of science that have many connections. In marine biology courses, students must have a good basic concept of physics. The purpose of this study was to determine whether students’ physics knowledge is sufficient to follow marine biology lectures. This study is a quantitative descriptive study. The study was conducted in May 2024 in the Biology Education study program at Raja Ali Haji Maritime University involving 27 students in their third year of study. Data collection was carried out by testing and analyzing descriptively. The results of the study showed that students did not have sufficient knowledge of physics to be able to follow marine biology courses. This is indicated by the problems found by students in solving questions related to the Effect of the position of the earth, moon, and sun on sea tides, the relationship between salinity and density of seawater, the specific heat of seawater, and the impact of global warming on increasing temperature and rising sea levels. Therefore, action is needed to strengthen the basic concepts of physics of biology students so that when taking biology lectures related to physics, students will be able to understand them well.

Precise measurements of electron <i>g</i> factors in bound states of few-electron ions

<sec>The electron <i>g</i> factor is an important fundamental structural parameter in atomic physics, as it reveals various mechanisms of interactions between electrons and external fields. Precise measurements of <i>g</i> factors of bound electrons in simple atomic and molecular systems provide an effective method for investigating the bound-state quantum electrodynamics (QED) theory. Especially in highly-charged heavy ions (HCIs), the strong electromagnetic interactions between the nuclei and inner-shell electrons provide unique opportunities to test QED under extremely strong fields. Accurate measurements of the <i>g</i> factors of the bound-state electrons are also important for determining nuclear effects, nuclear parameters and fundamental constants. The research on <i>g</i> factors of the bound-state electrons has become a frontier topic in fundamental physics. A Penning trap, which uses steady-state electromagnetic fields to confine charged particles, is utilized to precisely measure the <i>g</i> factor. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the experiments on <i>g</i> factors for few-electron simple systems in Penning traps, including experimental principles, experimental setups, measurement methods, and a summary of important research findings. The physical concept of the electron <i>g</i> factor and its historical research background are introduced. The electron <i>g</i> factor is considered as an effective probe to study higher-order QED effects. Through high-precision measurements of the free electron g factor, discrepancies between the fine-structure constants and other experimental results in atomic physics are identified. Notably, the <i>g</i> factor of the 1s electron in HCIs deviates significantly from the value for free electrons as the atomic number increases. Experimental principles, including the principle of the Penning trap and the principle of measuring the bound-state electron <i>g</i> factors are discussed. A double-trap experiment setup and related precision measurement techniques are also introduced.</sec><sec>This paper reviews several milestone experiments including (1) the stringent test of bound-state QED by precise measurement of bound-state electron <i>g</i> factor of a <sup>118</sup>Sn<sup>49+</sup> ion, (2) measurement of the <i>g</i> factors of lithium-like and boron-like ions and their applications, and (3) measurement of the <i>g</i>-factor isotope shift by using an advanced two-ion balance technique in the Penning trap, providing an insight into the QED effects in nuclear recoil. Finally, this paper summarizes the challenges currently faced in measuring the <i>g</i> factors of bound-state electrons in few-electron ion systems and provides the prospects for the future developments of this field.</sec>

On the role of disjoining pressure in nanofluid-assisted enhanced oil recovery: a mini-review.

Nanofluid application in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) recently emerged and garnered significant attention within the field. Nanofluids possess unique properties of reducing oil-water interfacial tension, stabilizing emulsions, altering rock surface wettability, and enhancing disjoining pressure between crude oil and rock surfaces, therefore have potential for the oil recovery process. This review provides an in-depth exploration of various aspects related to nanofluids in EOR. Different types of nanofluids are presented with their preparation methods and representative properties. More importantly, the disjoining pressure, a key physical concept in nanofluid-assisted EOR, is introduced and discussed in terms of the mechanism of oil displacement and measurement methods. Further understanding the role of disjoining pressure in nanofluid-assisted oil displacement is necessary for the development and application of effective nanofluids for EOR.

Enhancing Buoyant force learning through a visuo-haptic environment: a case study.

Introduction: This study aimed to develop, implement, and test a visuo-haptic simulator designed to explore the buoyancy phenomenon for freshman engineering students enrolled in physics courses. The primary goal was to enhance students' understanding of physical concepts through an immersive learning tool. Methods: The visuo-haptic simulator was created using the VIS-HAPT methodology, which provides high-quality visualization and reduces development time. A total of 182 undergraduate students were randomly assigned to either an experimental group that used the simulator or a control group that received an equivalent learning experience in terms of duration and content. Data were collected through pre- and post-tests and an exit-perception questionnaire. Results: Data analysis revealed that the experimental group achieved higher learning gains than the control group (p = 0.079). Additionally, students in the experimental group expressed strong enthusiasm for the simulator, noting its positive impact on their understanding of physical concepts. The VIS-HAPT methodology also reduced the average development time compared to similar visuo-haptic simulators. Discussion: The results demonstrate the efficacy of the buoyancy visuo-haptic simulator in improving students' learning experiences and validate the utility of the VIS-HAPT method for creating immersive educational tools in physics.

Exploring Learning Physics Concepts Through the Local Wisdom of East Kalimantan Culture: Traditional Weapons, Sumpit

Exploring Learning Physics Concepts Through the Local Wisdom of East Kalimantan Culture: Traditional Weapons, Sumpit

Dynamic Physics Educational Application for AR Environment

We propose a physics simulation application designed for Augmented Reality (AR), aiming to help high school students understand physical concepts such as mass, gravity, and friction. This application incorporates real-time object movement on a ramp, vector modulation based on forces, and physics calculations using user-specified parameters. Users can observe how objects respond to physical laws expressed by relevant formulas, enhancing comprehension of fundamental principles. Our research aims to enhance physics education by delivering an immersive learning experience through mobile devices. Through this approach, we also seek to make physics more accessible for students, fostering a grasp of challenging concepts.

МАТЕРИЯ – ΔYΝΑΜΙΣ ИЛИ ΦANΤΑΣΜΑ? ПОНЯТИЕ МАТЕРИИ В ФИЛОСОФИИ МИХАИЛА ПСЕЛЛА И ИОАННА ИТАЛА

. In this article, I discuss the concept of matter - both the first matter and the physical matter of the world, that is, elements - in Byzantine philosophy of the 11th century, namely, in the works of Michael Psellos and John Italos. In particular, I am interested in how the concept of matter is interpreted in connection with the idea of Creation and the finiteness of the world. I trace the connection between the philosophy of the 11th century and the late ancient discussions about matter. I focus on Philoponus' arguments against the eternity of the world and his definition of matter as a three-dimensional extension as well as on the Simplicius' analysis of matter as a principle of corporality. However, it is important for me to show not only the dependence of the Byzantine philosophers on Philoponus and Simplicius, but also their autonomy in defining philosophical terms. The intellectual horizon of Michael Psellos' and John Italos' thought, which influences the approach of these philosophers to the discussion of physical concepts, differs from the horizon of late ancient philosophy.

Instructional Role-Playing Video Game: Its Application to Physics’ Equations of State Learning

The potential of video games for learning is now widely accepted among the community of Educational Technology. Multiple types of research have been conducted to see the proficiency of video games as an educational tool, and the effect on students' learning and performance of instructional video game approaches, which have elevated considerable interest in the thematic field of education research. The study assessed the effectiveness of instructional role-playing video games in learning physics equations of state concepts and problem-solving for junior high school students. Specifically, the study determined the performance level in Equations of State Problem Solving of junior high school students when concepts were taught through the conventional approach and through the Role Playing Video Game approach. The result indicated that the performance level in Equations of State problem solving of students taught using the roleplaying video game approach was significantly higher than those taught using the conventional approach. Also, the Equations of State problem-solving performance level of students taught using the role-playing video game were satisfactory or better regardless of sex. Problem-solving through role-playing video games is an effective learning approach to learning the Equation of State concept. It is recommended that further research on the application of instructional Role-playing video games be considered in the teaching and learning of Physics concepts.