Concept Of Patriotism Research Articles

The Concept of “Patriotism” in Legal Regulation in the Republic of Latvia: Current Situation and Challenges

Several recent events in Latvian society, especially after 24 February 2022, raised issues related to patriotism. These include the discussions about the National Defense Service and the National Defense Training, about the possibility of losing (revoking) Latvian citizenship, if the naturalized citizen violates his promise of loyalty to the Republic of Latvia, about the loyalty of Latvian citizens and readiness to defend their country. Patriotism, in this context, is one of those concepts that is very widely used by politicians of opposite ideological views, other publicly recognised personalities, justifying their position on one issue or another. Patriotism is a multifaceted concept that draws insights from psychology, sociology, history, political and law science. It shapes national identity, influences civic engagement, and plays a role in international relations. The authors of the article will present their perspective on the concept of patriotism in legal regulation in the Republic of Latvia, analysing in depth the understanding and regulation of patriotism in Latvian regulatory acts.

VATANPARVARLIK TUSHUNCHASINING G’OYAVIY ASOSLARI

In this article, the concept of patriotism and its essence, strengthening of national independence in today's globalization processes, issues of its importance in ensuring the country's security are scientifically and theoretically analyzed, and practical suggestions are given.

Andrzej Bobkowski as a Conrad’s Believer

The article reflects on Joseph Conrad’s influence on Andrzej Bobkowski – a Polish writer and an airplane model maker (1913-1961), whose devotion to Conrad remains an example of readership that challenges one’s life. The key issue discussed is the concept of patriotism and a pattern apparent in Conrad’s life and works elaborated by Bobkowski.

Marek Edelman's Bundist Humanitarianism: Theme and Variations from the Warsaw Uprising to Solidarity

ABSTRACT: This article discusses the multivalent identities of Dr. Marek Edelman—the last surviving commandant of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising and its only leader to remain in Poland after the war. Imbued with the values of the Bund, especially its insistence on the primacy of human dignity, Edelman continued living by the Bundist ethos, pursuing his medical work and humanitarian activities, eventually translating this ethos into the values of Polish anti-communist dissidents embodied by the Solidarity movement. Based on multiple primary sources, this essay analyzes key aspects of Edelman's performed identities, such as his concept of patriotism (originating in the concept of doikayt or here and now ), his reinterpretations of the particular vs. universal significance of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, his contextualization and minimization of antisemitism in Poland, and his contentious and demonstrative relation to religion. It traces the development of these self-expressions within shifting political exigencies and implied expectations of Polish audiences for whom Edelman became a symbol of the Polish insurrectionary tradition. While Edelman's social and political activism was deeply rooted in his Bundist formation, he was also not immune from modifying his expressions of identity and his (re-)interpretations of historical events in the direction of more patriotic, "Polish" narratives that resonated with the Solidarity movement activists, who formed Edelman's milieu in his later life.

ПАТРИОТИЗМ КАК ПРАВОВАЯ КАТЕГОРИЯ

The concept of patriotism as a legal category is considered. An attempt to analyze the term “patriotism” in an interdisciplinary scientific aspect is made. The legislative and law enforcement practice of using the concept is considered.

Концепция патриотизма в мировоззрении Ф.М. Достоевского: опыт историко-философской реконструкции

The aim of this study is to reconstruct – based on the creative heritage of F.M. Dostoevsky – by means of histor-ical and philosophical analysis his concept of patriotism, which is an integral part of the philosophical worldview of the great writer and thinker. Dostoevsky’s patriotism included adoration of Russian history and culture, Orthodoxy as the highest and purest form of Christianity, respectful attitude to world culture and anti-Zionism, criticized by the thinker as an antipode of the Russian idea of universal humanity. Through his work Dostoevsky tried to create a synthesis of Slavophilism and Westernism, taking from these heterogeneous and contradictory spiritual currents all the best, in particular – the Slavophiles’ love for the Fatherland and the West-erners’ desire for world culture and European education. The methodological basis of this work includes the hermeneutic method as the interpretation and recon-struction of meanings, comparative historical analysis, and philosophical comparative studies.

Tagore’s Ideas of Patriotism with Reference to Gora

Nationalism and patriotism often attracts attention and imagination of people. But Rabindranath Tagore was known critique of the traditional concept of Nationalism which he thought was a western import. The multiple meanings of Nationalism and patriotism gets newer definitions in the character study of the novel Gora. The political ideologues Tagore and his Cosmopolitan Humanism gets fleashed out through his writings often. This paper, in trying to understand Rabindranath Tagore’s reservations against nationalism and his concept of patriotism, tries to perceive the nature of nationalism in reference to his novel Gora. Finally looks at the criticism led against Tagore’s ideas of nationalism and how he answered them.

Text, Discourse and the Concept of Patriotism

The article deals with text, discourse and the concept of patriotism. It states that a text is considered to be a ready product and the result of the process of speech and brain in linguistics. The different variations of the notion of the text have been mentioned in the article. The definition of the discourse has also been analyzed in the article. The text is used to describe some kinds of sentences which have complete meanings. It is the way in which language is used socially to convey broad thoughts. The connectiveness in the text is expressed through cohesion and coherency. The two terms are observed to have very close relationship inside the text. The article especially touches upon the importance of coherency in texts. It highlights that coherency in linguistics makes a text semantically meaningful. Keywords: text, discourse, context, concept, patriotism, native land, the President

Museum of game sports as a means of patriotic education of students

The article deals with the issues of patriotic education of students and the main directions in the education of patriotism among students. The concept of patriotism is considered as patriotic consciousness, patriotic activity, patriotic relations and patriotic organization. The museum has a huge potential in this activity, the role of which has grown significantly at the present stage. The areas of museums work at the moment are so extensive that it allows them to be included in the educational process of forming the ideals of patriotism among modern students. A study is presented to determine the formation of a sense of patriotism among students of the Institute of Physical Culture, Sports and Youth Policy (IFCIMP) of the Ural Federal University, as well as the awareness of programs of patriotic education at the university and the development of game sports. An experimental study has shown that informing students about game sports promotes involvement in sports activities. The participation in training and competitive processes creates conditions for the formation of patriotism among students in game sports. The creation of a museum of game sports will be one of the innovative means of patriotism fostering.

PATRIOTISM, IDENTITY AND DEATH. REFLECTIONS ON THE EXISTENCE OF AN INDIVIDUAL AND A POLITICAL COMMUNITY

The article reflects on the existential foundations of patriotism, identity and death. The presented considerations take into account the individual and community aspects of the analyzed issues. The preservation of eidos (essence) and the adjournment of the end are the central categories of the presented analysis. The starting point for the considerations is the myth-creating aspect of the historiography of Mistrz Wincenty, which forms the foundations of self-understanding for the Polish people. Attention is paid to the renaissance of thinking referring to myths that characterizes contemporary Western culture, described by Chantal Delsol. The concept of patriotism is analyzed using the understanding of this phenomenon proposed by Alasdair MacIntyre, and there are reference to the literature as well. The considerations reveal the tension between patriotism understood as a special kind of loyalty shown towards one’s own political community and the requirements of universalist ethics, especially liberal ones. Liberal criticism of patriotism presents it as an anachronistic attitude. It is related to the modern concept of progress. The article refers to the typology of types of progress proposed by Robert Spaemann, but referring to the division of human activities created by Aristotle. The negative effects – also in the sphere of education – of treating the category of progress as an absolute, radicalized and totalized value were emphasized; not requiring justification and equated with good. The article highlights the immanent threat to the existence of individuals and communities. Jonathan Lear’s study of the decline and rebirth of a culture created by the Native American community, the Crow tribe, is analyzed.

PATRIOTISM in the Lithuanian Language

Patriotism as a phenomenon is not new and it has manifested itself in various ways. The roots of contemporary Lithuanian patriotism go back to the middle of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The available data from that period do not allow making any specific conclusions but it can be seen that the word patriotism was a relatively new in the beginning of the 20th c. Patriotism was best understood in the interim period between the two world wars, when an attitude started to form that own nation should not only be elevated distinguishing it from others but it is also something everybody has to be proud of. After Lithuania was incorporated into the Soviet Union, a new concept, i. e. soviet patriotism, emerged. This idea is based on internationalism, commitment to socialist order and solidarity of soviet nations. The attitude of a present-day Lithuanian to patriotism is reflected best in contemporary discourse. The issues of love for Homeland have been frequently discussed not only by political analysts or historians but also by representatives of arts and sports. Moreover, the media have frequently discussed issues, which are not characteristic of real patriotisms or even have raised some doubts about patriotism being an exaggerated phenomenon. However, comprehensive research studies on patriotism are few. The concept of patriotism has almost escaped the research focus of linguists. Therefore, an attempt will be made to bridge the gap in linguistic research analysing the data available in dictionaries, discourses and surveys.
 It can be stated that a contemporary individual tends to nurture the same values as people in the interim period. These embraces work for the sake of homeland and nation, concern about its future and welfare, nurturance of homeland and the mother tongue, culture and history. Loyalty, gratefulness, nostalgia to homeland, attachment to the land of their birth, honesty, courage, freedom, responsibility and pride are assigned to patriotism. Patriotism implies defence of own country in the hour of peril. This is particularly emphasised in the historical discourse, where defence of own country is one of the prevailing motives, and in the surveys of students. Contemporary discourse allocates less attention to this issue. Patriotism is related to acknowledgement of the country’s mistakes, promoting its name and celebration of public holidays.
 Patriotism can hardly be imagined without knowledge of the national history, culture, its heroes and prominent figures. The data from both discourses and surveys allow claiming that patriotism is perceived as a feeling or feelings, an inner state or a value. In fact, it can be stated that though patriotism is not an old concept, which replaced such concepts as ethnicity and love for homeland, the view of patriotism, which formed at the end of the 19th c. and in the beginning of the 20th c., has remained the same up to now.

Between Affects and Norms

Abstract This article seeks to explore the meaning of emotional content in a transnational public sphere, in particular with regard to the concept of solidarity. The main normative question that the author discusses here is how far it is possible – if it’s the case at all – to move beyond the basic structure of nation-linked patriotic feeling to solidarity as a transnational political emotion. He divides his argument into two steps. First, he analyzes how the concept of constitutional patriotism could be reframed around the contours of post-national contexts. He suggests that Hegel’s concept of patriotism as a political disposition can contribute to a transnational framework. In a second step, the author discusses solidarity as a transnational political emotion, arguing that one should have in view both its formative process and its contingencies in order to understand the institutional and symbolic mediation of affective contents of social praxis.

The Concept of Patriotism as Perceived by Teenagers in Latvia

Aim. The aim of the research is: theoretical investigation of the problem of patriotism and its urgency, the empirical research for defining the level of perception of the concept “patriotism” by teenagers in Latvia.
 Methodology of the research. The theoretical basis of the research includes theoretical analysis of various conceptual approaches to understanding of the phenomenon of patriotism in the philosophical aspect, as well as official documents of the European Union and the Republic of Latvia: documents of the Republic of Latvia (the preamble to the main law of the Latvian Republic – the Constitution; National Development Plan of Latvia for 2014-2020; Guidelines for the Development of Education for 2014-2020; Guidelines on national identity, civil society and integration policy 2012-2018); documents of international organisations (United Nations International Children’s Fund; European Commission; the EU Strategy for Youth – Investing and Empowering; Universal Declaration of Human Rights). The Empirical methods of the research: methods of data acquisition: a questionnaire (anonymous); methods of data processing and analysis: quantitative data processing with methods of mathematical analysis of statistical data and forecasting analytical methods in data processing software Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) 18.0 version; qualitative data processing (analysis of the content, coding and processing of the acquired data); interpretation of quantitative and qualitative.
 Results. The theoretical analysis makes it possible to conclude that the main idea of the concept patriotism consists in considering it as one of the highest values of the individual and is the basis of life orientations, defining the strategy of the individual’s development, harmonisation of the society and the state. The main approaches for investigation of the concept of patriotism are: sensitively emotional, active and publically national.

Students Perception on the Offer of Ethnic Relations Subject in Improving Patriotism Understanding

The spirit of patriotism is a necessity in ensuring that the people always support and defend the sovereignty and national security of disruptions and disorders that come from within and beyond. The development of patriotism is very important in producing a group of people who are willing to sacrifice for the country and its people. Although the concept of patriotism is a concept of love of the nation passed from one generation to another, it requires a powerful medium in ensuring that the love of love in this country is always blooming and strong in today's society. Education is one way emphasized in strengthening the understanding and patriotism in Malaysia. Accordingly, a study was conducted in public university especially in Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) to see the student’s perception on Ethnic Relations Subjects as a medium to enhance the understanding of patriotism. The objective of this study is to examine the differences of students’ perception towards the Ethnic Relations subject according to ethnicity, ii) gender and iii) groups that have taken Ethnic Relations subject and groups who have not taken Ethnic Relations subject. The survey method was used and analyzed using Cronbach's Alpha reliability test, and independent-sample t-test.

Informal patriotic education in Poland: Homeland, history and citizenship in patriotic books for children

This article uses a critical discourse analysis approach to observe themes and patterns in eight non-fiction books about Polish patriotism for children. The books are commercially available in mainstream bookshops, and may be used in a range of home or educational settings. In a social and political context where the concept of patriotism has a long history of use by various powerful elites to legitimize their positions and political actions, and where approaches to teaching patriotism in schools have been widely discussed, the article compares themes emerging from the books with patterns in wider social and political discourse, as well as considering what messages and assumptions are revealed in the texts themselves. The analysis finds that, while most of the authors try to associate themselves with a modern and inclusive type of patriotism, they also tend to reproduce certain assumptions that favour exclusionary or hierarchical understandings as to who has the right to be recognized as a member of the national community.

Polska i Polacy w czasach „wielkiego zmierzchu”. Problem patriotyzmu w pamiętniku Cezarego Jellenty

In my article I describe how the concept of ‘patriotism’ functions in the literary works of CezaryJellenta. I believe that in the historical period following the recreation of the independent Polishstate many important problems and doubts arose. In this article the subject of my interpretation isJellenta’s diary Wielki zmierzch [The Great Twilight] (1925) about the times of the First World War.I begin with an account of Jellenta’s revolutionary activity in 1905 (he was the editor-in-chief of“Ateneum” at that time). In the main, analytical, part I present his critical view of Poland and Poleson the eve of Independence Day. I distinguish three main groups of problems: the future Polish stateas an idea and a political conception, the Polish nation, and the concept of patriotism. I show howJellenta himself understood the notion of patriotism at that particular time. I refer to the19th-centurypatriotic traditions and political myths as well as the concept of national character. In the last part ofmy article I confront Jellenta’s diary Wielki zmierzch with his study about Josef Pilsudski.

ETHICAL AND SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES OF THE SCIENTIST (Memoirs of Professor V.K. Yakunin)

Viktor Yakunin (1939-2017) is a well-known Ukrainian historian, Professor, head of the Department of Ukrainian history and Ethnopolitics of the Dnipro national University named after O. Gonchar. The basic ethical norms and scientific principles that guided the scientist in life and scientific work are defined. It is primarily the adherence to principles, courage and integrity. The most shameful act of both man and scientist, he considered betrayal. He was contemptuous of historians who adjusted to the political situation, who renounced what they had previously passionately preached. The most shameful act of both man and scientist, he considered betrayal. He was contemptuous of historians who adjusted to the political situation, who renounced what they had previously passionately preached. He is not an armchair scientist. He had a fighting character, took a firm civil position, was always politically active person, which was reflected in his scientific works, of which he wrote more than 150, including 5 monographs and 5 manuals. In them, the scientist studied the actual problems of historiography, methodology of history and political history of the USSR and Ukraine. In particular, he attempted to answer the question why the CPSU lost power and the USSR collapsed. In a number of his works, the concept of patriotism, which is opposed to nationalism, is revealed on concrete examples, a sharp but justified criticism of Ukrainian nationalism is given, the connection of the latter with Nazi ideology is shown. It is felt that he loved his lost Homeland immensely. He believed that it is impossible only to blame the Soviet past, not to see the achievements of Ukraine in this period.

The Patriotic Attitudes of The Prospective Teachers

The concept of patriotism can be defined as loving the homeland and making sacrifices for it. From this perspective, it can be said that the concept of patriotism has a function of uniting and integrating the people who live on the same land and gives people an understanding which is proud of its history. Patriotism is also a dynamic concept. Because it is the behavior, consciousness and understanding that we put forward in every moment of life, in every field and in all our actions. It is also the basic condition of being a good and effective citizen. With the impact of globalization and technology, while the world is rapidly becoming a big village, civil wars, migrations, economic crises, hunger, famine and confusion in various continents and countries of the world increase the need for protection of national values and reveal the importance of patriotic education. On the other hand, patriotic education is aimed to be provided to the students who will be the citizens of the future through the education programs in the schools. For this reason, determining the patriotism attitudes of the teachers who will gain the patriotism value to the students is important in determining the deficiencies and taking measures in the acquisition of this value. In this context, the aim of the study was to reveal the pre-service teachers' patriotic attitudes. In the research, screening model which is one of the quantitative research types was used. The study group of the research is composed of Social Studies, Turkish, Science, Mathematics, Primary School and Preschool teachers who are studying in the 3rd and 4th grades of a state university in the fall semester of 2019-2020 academic year. The sample type of the study was determined as purposeful sample. In the study, “Attitude Scale of Patriotism Attitude” which was developed by Schatz, Staub and Lavine (1999) and adapted into Turkish by Yazıcı (2009) was used. As a result, according to the gender of male teachers were more patriotic than famela students. According to the department variable, there is a difference between the department of social studies education and preschool education in the blind patriotism and whole scale scores, in favor of social studies education. There was no significant difference according to family income and class level.

Linguistic and pragmatic parameters of the phenomenon of patriotism in the formation of a national brand (a case study of the language of contemporary media)

The message of national identity is delivered in different types of discourse - political, economic, the discourse of show business and sport, advertising, tourism discourse, and more. The article describes the way the linguistic and pragmatic parameters of the phenomenon of patriotism form messages of national identity in the newspaper discourse, since with the increasing globalization of the communicative space, the types of communication aimed at manifesting national identity, namely, national branding, gain special significance. Providing conditions for the development of a national brand of any country is extremely relevant in view of integration and civilization processes, social, economic and geopolitical situation, and mass media propaganda. Cultural symbols, which are mental-cognitive units focused on a certain idea of ​​the country and represent the typical reality, a typical phenomenon or a characteristic feature of civil life, play an important role in messaging the national identity. A cultural symbol may be expressed by a keyword denoting a cultural-labeled concept, stereotype, or a precedent. The phenomenon of patriotism, which is formed upon the higher feelings, is the basic axiological dominance of society, although the modern rethinking of value associations has led to the formation of changes in the concept of patriotism: noticeable tangible adjustments have been made by historical and social conditions over time. Patriotism is based on the emotional aspect of the nation-state outlook. Linguistic and pragmatic aspects of the phenomenon of patriotism in English-language newspaper texts reveal informative, evaluative, and instructive functions. Being formed under the influence of traditions, life experience, the system of values ​​of the country they create prerequisites for the attitude of a person to his compatriots, the country, and the whole world.

Constructive emotions? Patriotism as a predictor of civic activity in Poland

AbstractIn many post-communist countries, the concept of patriotism is used instrumentally in populist discourses. It is rarely the subject of a substantive public debate, in which symbolic elites would be able to openly discuss and negotiate the scope of its meaning in front of an interested audience. A long-term plan to shape constructive civil attitudes gives way to the pressure of being effective in current politics. The author proposes to look at the category of patriotism in a socially useful way and to treat it as an important factor in the process of building a civil society. The young generation can play a significant role in this process. Poland seems to be an interesting case for the analysis of this research problem. This paper has two objectives. The descriptive objective is to present the author's research data on a sense and understanding of patriotism among Polish students. Its aim is to describe the prevailing pattern of patriotic attitudes and ideas about patriotism as shared by students. The explanatory objective of this paper is to answer the question about the constructive potential of patriotism: whether and to what extent it is an important determinant of civic activity. The results obtained should lead to practical conclusions that may be useful for various social institutions which are interested in releasing the positive energy of citizens and orienting them to functional goals, that is, the education system, as well as for political institutions that design and implement elements of the so-called youth policy.