National Concept Research Articles

The Problem of Conservation of Ethnopedagogical Traditions in the History of China

The importance of the research is that the problem of preserving national identity within a multi-ethnic state, such as China. The ideology of the united Chinese nation is a developed and constantly improved system of coexistence of several ethnic groups within the framework of one state. The purpose of the study is to analyze the formation of ethnopedagogical traditions in the modern education system of China. The modern national policy of China focuses not only on the restoration and preservation of the national identity of each of the peoples as the cultural heritage of the whole country, but also on the coexistence of all peoples in the concept of a single Chinese nation. The idea of harmonious coexistence can be traced throughout Chinese history, which has historically been seen as an economic and social problem. At present, education has become one of the most important aspects of the national policy of the PRC, not only as a mechanism for educating the citizens of the republic, united by a single idea, but also the ability to preserve the culture of each national minority within one country. Research methodology and methods. The basis of the research is done by using such methods as Historical and theoretical analisis and also the method of content analisis of scientific and academic sources. The results of the study can be used in the field of cultural linguistics and social sciences and also as a basis for further study and analysis of the features of the historical stages of the formation of sinology in Russia. The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the role of active teaching methods in the development of reading competencies of students in the field of study “Journalism”.

Specifics of the Chinese National Brand as a Tool of Cultural Diplomacy: structure and functions

The article analyzes the specifics of the Chinese national brand as a tool of cultural diplomacy. The concept of “soft power” is considered, which is part of the narrative about the cumulative power of states and the revival of the Chinese nation and occupies one of the significant places in modern Chinese politics. One of the tools of “soft power” is cultural diplomacy – a branch of public diplomacy based on the exchange of ideas, information, systems, values, beliefs, traditions and other aspects of culture to promote mutual understanding between people. The activities that are used to implement cultural diplomacy are given. The main goal of China’s “soft power” concept is to achieve the correct perception of national ideals by the world community. It is noted that Chinese “soft power” differs from the classical Western concept and is purely culture-centric, interpreted as a combination of Confucian political and social values, Chinese art and language, folk customs and traditions. China is working to globally scale its nation brand, which is based on the concept of nationalism, drawing on the country’s cultural capital. The specifics of the national brand from the perspective of macroeconomics and its structural elements are considered: exports, domestic and foreign government policies, population, culture and heritage, tourism and investment. It is noted that when developing a brand and international communications, the Chinese government actively uses the historical context as a tool of cultural propaganda. The features of the national image are identified, designed to form a positive attitude of society towards the country, contributing to increased trust in it. The objectives and instruments of China’s policy to form and maintain its own image in the international arena are given.

The <i>eye</i> lexeme conceptual sphere in differently structured languages: Based on paroemias

The article is devoted to the comparative typological analysis of Russian, English and Japanese paroemias with the eye lexeme глаз /eye /目[me] in terms of cognitive linguoculturology as one of the most dynamically developing areas in modern linguistics. We focus on the issues of the formation mechanism of the conceptual models within the framework of paremias in differently structured languages. The purpose of the study is to identify and describe paremias with the eye lexeme глаз /eye /目[me] as a micromodel of reality, reflecting the way of understanding, perception and conceptualization of the world by native speakers of Russian, English and Japanese. The subject of the study is the semantics and structure of paremiological units, such as proverbs, sayings and signs reflecting a certain nationally oriented way of the surrounding reality encoding. The comparative analysis, considering the paradigmatic and syntagmatic combinations of the eye lexeme глаз /eye /目[me] in differently structured languages, allows us to conclude that the paremiological units’ analysis contributes to the reconstruction of the so-called naive world picture, referring to earlier, ancient life periods of the particular people. The core of the national concept is the referential lexeme meaning, the peripheral layer is characterized by variability, since it reflects not only the territorial conditions, but also ancient traditions, customs, beliefs of the particular people. To achieve the goal of the undertaken research, we used the traditional descriptive and lexicographic methods, in addition to the comparative linguistic and cultural methods.

The Great Tea Road and the Formation of the Community of the Chinese Nation

The Great Tea Road is another important international commercial and cultural channel connecting China to the world that has emerged on the Eurasian continent after the decline of The Silk Roads. It is the result of the prosperity and development of economic globalization since the 16th century. The Chinese National Community is a national community of economic interdependence and cultural compatibility formed by the people of all ethnic groups in China during the long-term historical development. As an important part of The Belt and Road Initiative, The Great Tea Road is the product of the integrated development of Chinese cultural identity and national economy, the concentrated embodiment of the consciousness of Chinese National Community, and an important medium to convey the Chinese nation's concept of friendly economic and cultural exchanges with other countries and to build a community with a shared future for mankind. It is of great significance to explore the value and realization path of The Great Tea Road to the formation the sense of community for Chinese nation for the using of The Great Tea Road as a heritage site and the promotion of economic and cultural cooperation among cities in countries along the route through tea culture as a medium.

Bengali Nationalism and Identity Construction in Fagun Haway (In Spring Breeze, 2019)

The years 1948-1952 were pivotal for the history of Bangladesh. The question of what would be the state language was raised by the people of this country. Muslim leaders in Pakistan, at the time, believed that Urdu should be the state language because it had become recognized as the cultural symbol of sub-continental Muslims. However, most of Pakistan’s population, the Bengalis of eastern Pakistan, to whom Urdu was a foreign language, considered it a ploy by the West Pakistanis to colonize East Pakistan. Protests erupted across East Pakistan after the then Prime Minister of Pakistan replaced Bangla as the state language with Urdu. On February 21, 1952, a student protest resulted in the deaths of some students by police. The language movement drew Bengalis’ attention to their collective aspirations to create a new nation and nationalist identity, leading them to fight for an imagined sovereign state, Bangladesh. Against the backdrop of our language movement, Fagun Haway (In Spring Breeze, 2019), a film by Tauquir Ahmed, captures the anecdotes of Pakistani repression towards Bengalis by portraying the nationalist consciousness and identity approaches of this nation. Employing the concept of nationalism and the historical development of our identity approaches, this paper shows that Ahmed displays the coexistence of Bengali and Muslim identity approaches as well as the contentious relationship between these two approaches inside our nationalism at that time. Besides, Bengaliness is viewed as the dominating approach when the debate over the state language turns into a divisive political one and a fight for our very existence. Social Science Review, Vol. 40(2), December 2023 Page: 39-58

A nosological approach to brief psychotic disorders and acute and transient psychoses

IntroductionAcute and transient psychoses (International Classification of Diseases) and Brief Psychotic Disorders (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) constitute heterogeneous nosological groups, which have undergone successive reformulations in the past decades, remaining doubts regarding their diagnostic validity and independence.ObjectivesThis work aims to review the nosological evolution of these complex and neglected groups.MethodsA review of the literature was conducted using PubMed and The Cochrane Library. The following terms were used: “acute and transient psychoses”; “brief psychotic disorders”; “cycloid psychosis”; “reactive psychosis”.ResultsSince the early 20th century, a group of non-affective psychoses with acute onset and brief duration have been described in different countries and under various names, such as bouffeé delirante, reactive psychosis or cycloid psychosis, denominations still present in ICD-9. In presente-day classifications, as ICD-10 and DSM-IV, an effort was made to homogenise the various regional and national concepts creating the group of ‘Brief Psychoses’ (DSM) or ‘Acute and Transient Psychotic Disorders’ (ICD). The marked heterogeneity and low diagnostic stability of these groups, mainly based on temporal criteria, has posed significant obstacles to further research and conceptualization. Given these difficulties, the latest revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) brought about a substantial change, restricting this diagnosis to polymorphic psychotic conditions of acute onset and rapid resolution, subgroup with greater diagnostic stability and characteristics distinct clinical features.ConclusionsThe relevance of a better clarification for this nosological group is evident in the successive changes over the last century. ICD 11, once again, substantially changed the diagnostic criteria and the scope of this nosological entity, leaving doubts about the independent nature of this group, its connection to schizophrenia, as an attenuated form (more common in women and in developing countries), or even as a form of psychosis that is closer to affective disorders (due to its clinical evolution). Although little explored, this issue remains a source of doubt and interest, calling into question the Kraepelinian dichotomy for the so-called endogenous psychoses.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

난민과 국민

This paper explores the dynamics and positionality between refugees and citizens, and ‘the space’ between refugees and citizens through two novel texts. Based on Hannah Arendt and Giorgio Agamben's concepts of nation, refugee, and human rights, the paper will discuss Ele Fountain's Refugee87(2018) and Pyo Myeong-hee's Refugee in a Day(2018) which were published in the UK and Korea respectively. The two novel texts show that even citizens living normally within their countries of origin can become a ‘Homo Sacer’ and a ‘human species in its natural state’ at any moment. The fact that an ordinary citizen is suddenly reduced to a bare life(Homo Sacer) and then a refugee suggests that the boundary among a citizen, a bare life, and a refugee can be moveable and their positionalities are not fixed. The fluidity of citizens and refugees’ positionalities raises doubts about the operating principles that constitute the foundation of the modern nation-state. It can be said that the existence of refugees serves to endanger the originally fictitious national sovereignty.

National concept for the development of integrated reporting in Russia

The growing attention of the state to the issues of national sovereignty in different areas has predetermined the urgency of considering the current state of affairs in the field of corporate reporting from this position. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need for institutionalization of the concept of integrated reporting as the model of corporate reporting that best meets national interests. Based on a study of Russian and foreign practice of normative regulation of corporate reporting, as well as transformation processes to standardize reporting in the field of sustainable development that have occurred in the last few years on a global scale, the need to replace the Concept for the development of non-financial reporting with the national concept for the development of integrated reporting is substantiated. The author proposed to empower the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation with the function of a regulator in the field of integrated reporting, which will allow to develop a system of standards for the latter, interconnected with the federal accounting standards and aimed at providing a holistic view of an economic entity. The article identifies the main elements of the institutional environment necessary for the introduction of integrated reporting into management practice. The research was carried out using such general scientific methods as analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, abstraction. Its results may be of interest to national regulators of corporate reporting, the scientific and professional community, as well as economic entities interested in increasing transparency and accountability.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THEORETICAL VIEWS ON THE ROLE OF NATIONALISM IN SOCIO-POLITICAL PROCESSES

The article presents an analysis of various concepts of nationalism as a socio-political phenomenon. The variety of approaches to understanding the phenomenon of nationalism indicates the absence of a single universal theory. An attempt has been made to consider the rather complex problems of the nation and nationalism, based on the most influential concepts. The main attention is paid to the key theories of the nation and nationalism that developed in the 20th century. According to the main methods of research and analysis of the problems of nationalism, the following areas of research can be distinguished. First of all, primordialism, which substantiates the uniqueness of the phenomenon of nationalism. The communicative direction considers nationalism as the main tool for the modernization of traditional society. Constructivist theories view nations and nationalism as the result of purposeful activity. The nation, according to constructivism, is an artificial social entity. From the point of view of functionalists, the origin and development of nationalism is associated with the implementation of a certain social function. Representatives of functionalism see the main task of nationalism in ensuring the stability of social processes. The formation of nationalism is associated with the modernization of society, the emergence of compulsory education and common cultural values. The analysis carried out allowed the authors to conclude that these approaches can be the basis for researching the phenomenon of nationalism and developing practical methods for solving problems in the field of national policy in a multi-ethnic state.

Forms and functions of the use of figurative systems in modern Kazakh prose (cognitive aspect and comparative aspect with European literature)

Relevance. The relevance of this research is due to the study of the forms and functions of the use of figurative systems in modern Kazakh prose, considering the cognitive aspect of these systems next to the comparative aspect in European literature, and the consideration of classifications and typologies of the figurative system of modern prose in a narrowly innovative literary direction. Purpose. The study purpose is to identify the forms and functions using the figurative systems in the prose of modern Kazakhstan, to compile a classification and designation of the typology of the figurative system in the cognitive aspect of the innovative literary direction based on the works of writers Ilya Odegov and Yuri Serebryansky. Methodology. Various research methods including comparison, analysis, synthesis, analogy, deduction, induction, generalization, analytical generalization, classification, and abstraction to comprehensively investigate the topic, its properties, and the stylistic elements of writers' expression were used in this study. Results. The study identifies various forms and functions of figurative systems employed in modern Kazakh prose, focusing on their cognitive aspects and comparing them with European literature. It highlights the classification and typology of these systems within the context of innovative literary directions, particularly through the works of writers Ilya Odegov and Yuri Serebryansky. The research utilizes analytical methods to delve into the properties and stylistic expressions of figurative systems, offering insights into their role in contemporary literary discourse. Conclusions. The findings underscore the significance of figurative systems as essential tools for conveying meaning and aesthetic value in modern Kazakh prose. By exploring cognitive and comparative aspects alongside innovative literary directions, the study enriches our understanding of how these systems shape narrative styles and contribute to cultural dialogue. This research serves as a valuable resource for scholars, educators, practitioners interested in the intersection of literature, cognition, cultural exchange. Keywords: concepts; image concepts; national concept; cognitive models of the image of the author, hero; features of the organization of artistic space and time

Concept of Indian Nationalism in Historical Perspective: General Overview

Concept of Indian Nationalism in Historical Perspective: General Overview

The Extracurricular Role of Hizbul Wathan in Shaping the Nationalist Character of Students at Ma Muhammadiyah 1 Medan

This research aims to determine the role of Hizbul Wathan extracurriculars in shaping the nationalist character of students at MA Muhammadiyah 1 Medan. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. This research was conducted at the Hizbul Wathan (HW) MA Muhammadiyah 1 Medan cohesive organization, the research subjects were the supervisors, administrators and members of HW. The findings in this study show that; 1) The HW scout leaders and members do not yet have a complete understanding of the concept of nationalism, but implicitly in running the organization the management and members have actually demonstrated the seeds of the spirit of nationalism in every planning and implementation of activities. 2) Strengthening the organization with a foundation of nationalist spirit based on state ideology and Muhammadiyah values. Through strong organizational commitment, the spirit of nationalism will flow within the HW scout members. 3) HW scout members will become nationalists. This was demonstrated in HW's scouting activities at MA Muhammadiyah 1 Medan through respecting the flag, avoiding the spread of fake news, and not being involved in negative activities. To encourage the development of national values ??and a sense of nationalism in students, HW coaches, Civics teachers, and Social Sciences teachers use varied methods supported by flag ceremonies, sports competitions, and local arts events.

All That Remains: Typhoons and Trauma in Three Philippine Novels in English

In November 2013, one of the most powerful typhoons ever recorded ravaged the Visayas region of the Philippines. Typhoon Haiyan, locally known as Typhoon Yolanda, caused the deaths of over 6,500 Filipinos. Years later, many are still missing. The devastation caused by typhoons such as Typhoon Haiyan is not new to the Philippines, considering the country encounters around 20 tropical cyclones every year. It is not surprising, then, that natural disasters figure heavily in Philippine literature. This is evident in three Philippine novels in English: Broken Islands (2019) by Criselda Yabes, Remains (2019) by Daryll Delgado, and Tiempo Muerto (2019) by Caroline Hau. Using Sigmund Freud's concept of “remembering, repeating, and working-through,” this study analyzes the three novels as patients in recovery after the trauma of natural disaster. These three novels are then connected to Ernest Renan’s concept of nationhood, Marianne Hirsch's notion of postmemory, as well as Pierre Nora's concept of lieux de memoire in order to illustrate the importance of disaster narratives in the creation and preservation of a nation's identity.

Poeme Elecroniqe fusion concept of nationalism in “Feel the Sounds of Kenya”

This study sought to find out Poeme Elecroniqe fusion concept of nationalism in "Feel the Sounds of Kenya". Edgar Varese, a French composer, is hailed as the pioneer of electronic music with his signature Poeme Eletronique composition, which was performed in 1958 in Brussels. Attributes of similitude with Edgar Varese's Poeme Electronique style have come to identify certain African contemporary music idioms. Transcending conventional sonic boundaries that have long defined the Kenyan music space, the piece "Feel the Sounds of Kenya” by CeeRoo exemplifies this innovative fusion concept of electronic elements with social-cultural schemas akin to the Kenyan nationhood, a blend of native nuances with technological progress. Using the content analysis method, the researcher analyses Poeme Electronique concepts in ‘Feel the Sounds of Kenya’ with the aim of establishing the intersection between artistry and technology within the broader discourse of nationalism while propagating national consciousness. This is achieved by using Sofia’s model approach to examine CeeRoo’s ‘Feel the Sounds of Kenya’ on both descriptive and conceptual analysis levels. From the analysis, it is clear that CeeRoo’s “Feel the Sounds of Kenya” exemplifies a perfect union of definitive cultural nuances with electronic music in a space that has long been defined by conventional musical schemas. This information provides a model of how music composers, listeners and performers in Kenya can use normative cultural schemas to augment the conventional musical parlance, grammar and vocabulary. The researcher recommends a contextual-conscious approach for music making, practice and education in Kenya for relevance.

Sri Aurobindo on Nationalism- A Perspective

The long mendicant era of the Indian National Congress (1885-1905) created a need for a leader in Indian nationalist politics who could rally the populace to struggle for political independence from the British. Sri Aurobindo fulfilled that space and employed his ideas of nationalism that has been the subject of scholarly debate for a long period. His inclusive national strategies to stir the entire nation played a key role. But his conception of nationalism goes beyond the struggle for freedom. He was on a mission to create a new country based on India's rich spiritual and cultural heritage and modern European sciences. As far as India’s diversity is concerned, the task seemed greater than anything else. His writings especially in his journal Bande Mataram created waves among the masses. He appealed to the then-fragmented population to ascribe to the identity of one nation. His nationalism aimed at the Indian Renaissance through both political freedom and spiritual regeneration. This study will highlight most of the salient features of his nationalism.

The Global Agenda for Social Work and Social Development: A Conflicted Global Concept?

This paper reflects on the impact of The Global Agenda (GA) process and focuses on its relevance for social work practitioners and educators in the United Kingdom (UK). It asks, is there a global social work profession? The paper explores three key elements. Firstly, to what extent is it possible to view the diversity of social work under the differing national frameworks, as a coherent, single professional identity? Secondly, to what extent are national concepts of social work related to global instruments such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Thirdly, are there universal theoretical models? Having explored these questions, The GA process unequivocally adopted the position that there is a global social work profession, that its members and practitioners do share core values, principles and practice models, that these models require constant review and revision, and that one purpose of the process was/is to stimulate those discussions and explore those narratives, as is evident in the four GA reports. This makes The GA process as relevant for practice and policy in the UK, as it is for other countries.

A Review of E-Government Practices in the Age of Digitalization

In the era of digitalization, this study comprehensively reviews e-government practices, focusing on the European Union member states, with a particular emphasis on Slovakia and the Czech Republic. The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of public administration digitalization on corruption, utilizing a comparative and correlative research analysis. The study also investigates the clustering of e-government practices in the EU using Gaussian Mixture Models. The methodology employed includes an extensive review of existing literature on e-government maturity models, benchmark frameworks, and national concepts of public administration informatization. Data from authoritative sources such as the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI), E-Government Benchmark reports, and national reports, including Slovakia's National Concept of Public Administration Informatization, contribute to a robust analysis. Results reveal the nuanced relationship between public administration digitalization and corruption levels in EU member states. Clustering based on Gaussian Mixture Models provides insights into the diverse landscape of e-government practices. Furthermore, the study compares the digitalization progress of Slovakia and the Czech Republic, shedding light on the challenges and successes of these nations in implementing e-government services. In conclusion, the findings underscore the significance of e-government in shaping transparent and efficient public administrations. Recommendations include fostering international collaboration to share best practices and addressing shortcomings in e-government policy implementation. The research implications extend to policymakers, researchers, and practitioners, offering valuable insights for advancing e-government development. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on e-government, aligning with the global effort towards sustainable development and digital governance. As governments strive to provide citizen-centric digital services, understanding the intricacies of e-government practices becomes imperative for informed decision-making and policy formulation.

Новый взгляд на проблему заимствований: языковая фрустрация vs маркетинговые стратегии

The article reveals linguocognitive mechanisms as well as social reasons for active functioning of new borrowings in the modern public discourse and in commercial enterprises naming. The material for the analysis is a sample of the most frequent lexis in the micro synchrony that are not yet part of the host language lexicon, and comprises over one hundred and fifty lexical units, selected from the national corpus of the Russian language, public internet discourse, the author's collection of brand names (and names of businesses), radio and television programs. As a result of a comprehensive analysis, two main isomorphic types of borrowing functioning are identified. They are supposed to be motivated by multi-level linguistic, social, and pragmatic factors. Hence, the evidence of linguomental transformations of meaning is linked to the condition of linguistic frustration. This justifies considering it as a state of linguistic personality (at both the first and second levels, according to Yu.N. Karaulov), wherein the constraints of linguistic norms are lifted, and foreign-language word usage is motivated in specific speech act. A tendency of duplicate (native and foreign) naming in explicitly nominative and implicitly subjective-pragmatic functions has been established. It is suggested that the synergy of these functions conveys the speaker's subjective intentions and can be regarded as a marketing strategy of self-positioning in the act of foreign-language use in the nomination process, or as a commercial move, emphasizing the value of the product / service (i.e., commercialization of the nominative unit). Thus, the discourse becomes either status-oriented or conative. The linguistic phenomena under consideration introduce changes into the national concept sphere, as they contain features of a different language world view.

From Nations to the European Union: A New Emerging Type of Society

Revisiting the sociological concepts of nation and reciprocities formulated by Marcel Mauss, the hypothesis of the European Union is put forward as a new type of society in which each member is integrated by the multiple differences in and between themselves, unlike nations whose homogenizing tendency comes from direct reciprocity between each member and the entire society. In this sense, supranational unions would result in communities that are both originally and intentionally diverse, while such international relations of indirect reciprocities within their scope would make national citizenships permeable to human diversity (mainly cultural) in general. Therefore, the current unification of European nations is a case whose study can foresee problems and possibilities of such unions to be undertaken in other planetary quadrants.

Child support and income inequalities: a cross-continental comparison from welfare design to judicial implementation

Abstract This article analyses why and how child support policy contributes to income inequalities as well as to cross-national variation. It uses an in-depth comparison between France and Quebec (Canada) and drives on a multi-method empirical design to assess how this policy has been designed within each welfare state regime from the 1970s to the 2020s and how family lawyers and lower court judges implement it. It shows that national conceptions of solidarity and justice differ, along with the differences between those two legal systems, leading to cross-national variations regarding child support policy. In Quebec, the neo-liberal wave and the powerful feminist movement have converged to ensure that fathers are made to face up to their financial responsibilities towards their children, which has positive effects on the wealthiest and middle-class families. In contrast, in France, the feminist movement has been less influential while the long-standing family policy has favoured state protection towards lone mothers. As a result, the financial risks involved in separation are (partially) compensated by a state system of redistribution, rather than by private remedies, which lead the French system to be more effective for lower-class families. As a result, national context still matters a lot in the part institutional arrangements and professional practices play in income inequalities after parental separations.