Feminist Concepts Research Articles

Marriage and Women's Subalternity in the Ecranisation of Layla Majnun’s Story

PurposeThis article aimed to explain the textual changes in adapting Layla Majnun's story to the film Layla Majnun (2021). In addition, this article questioned the textual ideology of both works con-cerning marriage and women's subalternity.MethodThis article was qualitative research using the literature method. The corpus of this article were the novel Layla Majnun by Nizami Ganjavi and the film Layla Majnun (2021) by Monty Tiwa. This article used Linda Hutcheon's adaptation theory, the concept of subaltern initiated by Ga-yatri C. Spivak, and feminist concepts related to marriage.Results/FindingsThe results of this article show significant changes in the form of the adaptation of the story of Layla Majnun to the film. The changes are in the form of narrative structure, the meaning of mar-riage, and women's voices. The story of Layla Majnun focuses more on the storytelling of male characters, while the film focuses more on the storytelling of female characters.ConclusionThe textual shift from novel to film influences changes in the ideology of the text concerning mar-riage and women's subalternity. In the Layla Majnun novel, women are unable to speak out (subaltern) against repression from men concerning marriage. At the same time, the film Layla Majnun attempts to bring out women's voices to articulate their will in marriage.

The Pragmatic Analysis of the Concept of “Feminism” in Spoken Arabic Language from Saudi Adults’ Perspectives

This paper aimed to identify the pragmatic analysis of the concept of “feminism” in spoken Arabic from young male and female Saudi adults’ perspectives in Riyadh. The significance of this research is to increase people’s awareness of the different pragmatic analyses of the concept of feminism in the spoken Arabic language. This research is designed to answer the following research questions: RQ1: What is the pragmatic analysis of the concept of “feminism” in spoken Arabic from young male and female Saudi adults’ perspectives in Riyadh? RQ2: What are the differences between young male and female Saudi adults in terms of using the concept of “feminism” in the spoken Arabic language in Riyadh? Six Saudi young adults from the middle class participated in this research: three males and three females. The data was collected through conversation recording. After recording, the conversation was translated, transcribed, and analyzed according to pragmatics analysis and Sperber and Wilson’s Relevance Theory (1986). The findings showed eight different positive and negative pragmatic analyses of the concept of feminism. Male participants, for instance, described it as destructive and a sign of danger, whereas female participants described it as liberating and supportive. The findings showed that male participants viewed this concept negatively, whereas female participants viewed it vice versa. The researcher attributed that difference to biological, psychological, traditional, and cultural differences. This study contributes to the pragmatic field and the Saudi community by increasing awareness of the concept of “feminism.”

Adaptation and Use of Celtic Culture in Modern Fantasy Literature

Due to the increasing popularity of fantasy literature, many authors enjoy using mediaeval and Celtic elements to add a cultural and supernatural layer to their writings. This is due in part to the influence of Tolkien and Lewis's books, among others. In contrast to other manuscripts, the frequently ignored Mists of Avalon is a direct Celtic adaptation of the Arthurian legend. This study examines the usage of Celtic culture and elements in Marion Zimmer Bradley's The Mists of Avalon and J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion through a method of close textual analysis. Similarly, a feminist perspective is selected to interpret the identical conceptions of feminism provided by Celtic components in the works of the two authors. Whereas the legend of King Arthur and Tolkien's writings are commonly viewed as masculine works, The Mist of Avalon and The Lord of the Rings express a more profound sense of feminism. This study discovers a stronger bond between women and non-Christian societies like the Celts in these writings, including a shared destiny.

Feminism: the history of the fight for equal rights and the relevance of the movement in the modern world

This article deals with the concept of feminism, its forms and way of expression. The history and stages of development of feminism around the world are also described.

Existential Feminism in Andrea Hirata’s Novel Padang Bulan and Cinta Di Dalam Gelas

Abstract. Gender issues have remained a hot issue owing to various influencing factors, including gender overlap and social inequality. Gender is a social sex reconstructed by society for both men and women. The gender difference stereotypes have given rise to gender injustice detrimental to women. The presence of the concept of existential feminism initiated by Simone De Beauvoir is a bright spot and hope for all women, especially those in patriarchal system communities. The purpose of this research is to uncover the traditional paradigm that women are cultural products and their independence is delimited. This is not in accordance with the concept of human rights which basically states that every human being has the same rights in carrying out life. So it is hoped that this paper can be used as a reference to eliminate the marginalization of women. The research is carried out using a qualitative descriptive design with phenomenological method to explore or photograph social situations thoroughly, broadly and deeply and also supported by the theory of sociology of literature, the description of social reality in literary works. The data collection procedures and the data analysis are done systematically based on the existing theories of qualitative research method. The results of the research show that the protagonist implements the existential feminist concept through the ability to work, being intellectual and responsible. Throughout the research it is proved that existential feminism still exists to explore the marginalization of woman, summed up with a text that women are independent beings. Keywords: Existential Feminism, Intellect, Profession, Responsibility

Learning and teaching with the ‘body’: pedagogical hatches from Jennifer Bloomer

In 1999, I ran a studio at Iowa State University, College of Design, at the invitation of Jennifer Bloomer, who was working as a professor there. This invitation was motivated by her interest in my work and my PhD in Women Studies under Hélène Cixous’s supervision and indeed by Jennifer’s proximity with Cixous’s thinking and French Theory as a whole. The studio, inspired by Bloomer’s work and by the tradition of thinking the ‘body’ in French Theory, was focused on ‘Bodies and Cities’, highlighting the role of the body as a ‘para-theoretical device’ that would help students to look differently at urban contexts. This was done through a feminist pedagogical approach inspired and guided by Jennifer and her own references: bell hooks, Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Hélène Cixous, Jacques Derrida, Paulo Freire, Roland Barthes, and Sigmund Freud. Taking an autobiographic route, this paper revisits Bloomer’s contribution to the feminist turn in architectural theory and education, which started in the 1990s, addressing her particular role as feminist thinker, educator, colleague, and friend in shaping this route. The paper reframes some of Bloomer’s ‘tropes’ like ‘mopping’, ‘hatching’, ‘quilt-making’, and ‘real life’, together with other feminist concepts which were influential to my own route in theory, practice, and education, to speak about how I understand Bloomer’s legacy and how this legacy can be further taken today to address current challenges.

The Precarity of Misogyny: Queering as Emancipation of the Gendered Female Body

This paper invites the reader to experience an intimate encounter with the lived female gendered body. The journey begins with a conception of the body as socio-culturally formed, iterated and reiterated in persistent dialectical fashion via interpersonal and environmental contacts. Because bodies are treated neither equally nor equitably in society, females face exquisite vulnerability and precarity. Non-normative approaches can only be endeavored in the context of illuminating normative lived experiences; therefore, multiple illustrations of this phenomena throughout history will be offered. Consideration of queer theories in union with contemporary psychoanalytic relational and feminist concepts will act as conduit to emancipate the societally embattled and confined bodies of our female gendered patients. A case is discussed in which evolving relational, queer encounters in the treatment resulted in her being able to claim ownership over her body and therefore her life.

WHAT IS FEMINISM, WHEN DID WOMEN START FIGHTING FOR EQUAL RIGHTS AND WHY DOES FEMINISM STILL EXIST

This article deals with the concept of feminism, its forms and way of expression. The history and stages of development of feminism around the world are also described.

Hydrocolonial Affects: Suicide and the Somatechnics of Long-term Drinking Water Advisories in First Nations in Canada

While most Canadians have access to potable drinking water, those without are overwhelmingly Indigenous people living on reserves, constituting a racialised form of water injustice. Suicide rates for First Nations are also disproportionate to the general population, but lessor known is the relationship of suicide in communities experiencing long-term drinking water advisories. In this paper, drawing on Indigenous feminist conceptualisations of affect, I consider the affective relationship between long-term water advisories, suicide, and hydrocolonialism. I argue that long-term drinking water advisories are a kind of somatechnic that elucidate the hydrocolonial and necropolitical states of exception that threaten and devalue Indigenous life. Under such somatechnics, I work with the analytic of felt theory, to understand the hydrocolonial affects at play in the prevalence of suicide in communities experiencing long-term water advisories. By making felt the necropolitical connections between bodies of water and the bodies of suicidal people, these affects upend dominant claims about suicide, and invite us towards more fulsome structural analyses of suicide, more agentic renderings of suicidal people, and more politically enlivened ways of addressing suicide. Finally, hydrocolonial affects invite consideration of the possibilities of care and resistance for human and older-than-human relations. In summary, this paper theorises the hydrocolonial affects produced by dead and dying water and suicidal people as a profound challenge to the settler colonial state, and an invitation to produce futures committed to liveability.

The power of uptake: Negative emotions and the (neo)liberal limits of imagination in transitions to justice and peace

To effectively challenge the bland determinism of liberal peace intervention models, scholars and practitioners have called for more courageous and creative peacebuilding approaches. In support of this agenda, the article offers a critical reading of transitional justice scholarship to elucidate the co-constitutive function between the politicization of emotions, their attempted socialization, and the perpetuation of liberal rationalities in transitions to justice and peace. Mobilizing the feminist concept of “uptake” it argues that the liberal vision of peace and its implicit biases toward negative emotions are retained and reproduced in the temporal, institutional, and ideological dimensions of liberal interventions. With its focus on the micro-level, the concept of “uptake” can help us to observe how they shape the emerging emotional environment in transitions. It foregrounds how dominant visions of order assert themselves by providing pragmatic opportunities for reasonable courses of action to shape people’s grievances—thus stifling their potential to inform more challenging practices and conversations. The article aims to support the emergence of a more diverse language and culture of peace by illustrating what a sensitivity for the power of uptake entails and how it can be mobilized to creatively confront the limits of a (neo)liberal vision of peace.

Experience, Rationality, Situation and Fallibilism: Establishing a Feminist Pragmatist Epistemology in Game Studies

Since the seventies, the definition of scientific knowledge has undergone major shifts. However, game researchers do not sufficiently reflect upon those epistemological changes. This paper suggests that to make game studies more inclusive—for women especially and diverse voices in general—game researchers need to shift from traditional, objective epistemologies toward pragmatist ones instead. To support such an argument, this paper first focuses on the central concepts of pragmatist feminist epistemology: experience, rationality, situation and fallibilism. Those concepts are then used for a rereading of game studies epistemological stances. I argue that game studies initially adhered to traditional epistemologies, which formed hostile attitudes toward women and minorities in the field. On the contrary, several authors now develop their scholarship congruently with a feminist pragmatist epistemology. Their works are analyzed to observe how pragmatist feminist concepts concretely manifest in research.

“I Am Not a Church Person!” Gendered Cultural Politics in the Portrayal of Fungisai Zvakavapano-Mashavave on Social Media in Zimbabwe

Women musicians in Zimbabwe continue to be subjugated because there are residual patriarchal attitudes driven by religion and cultural norms and values. This article discusses the nexus between culture, religion, and patriarchy as gauged by the portrayal of women musicians. The study looks at how Fungisai Zvakavapano-Mashavave was bullied on social media after collaborating with a Zimdancehall artist in the song “Vanondibatirana.” The study aims to ensure gender parity in a context where women are still being objectified despite Zimbabwe being a signatory to United Nations gender equity statutes. The African feminist concept of equality between females and males provides the theoretical framework for this qualitative study. The song’s message is explored using textual analysis. The findings show that traditional views on women’s roles continue to hinder women artists’ identity and self-esteem. Objectification of women is noted as a result of the way colonialism, religion, and culture influence some members of society to judge women musicians. The findings also show that women are denigrated and relegated to the subaltern, and recommendations advocate that women musicians reclaim equality alongside men in the musical performing arts.

Exploring the Complexity of Feminist Beliefs: Gender, Education, and Mother's Work Status as Predictors

This study examines how age, education, gender, and mother's employment position affect feminist ideals, gender equality in political leadership, gender stereotypes, and women's political engagement. Higher education levels indicate stronger feminist views, indicating that education shapes feminist beliefs. Working mothers are more likely to support feminist principles than housewives. Moreover, the findings revealed that women are more likely than males to oppose gender conventions and pursue gender balance in political leadership and institutions. However, relationships may not always be statistically significant, therefore further study is needed to understand the reasons and frequency of these attitudes across both genders. This study illuminates feminist attitudes' complexity, impacted by education, gender, and the mother's job position. The findings highlight the need for further research into the relationship between gender norms, cultural expectations, and feminist ideas, as well as the potential influence of political motivations on individuals' engagement with feminist concepts.

Unfolding the Landscape of Conflict

This study aims to examine the role of the United Nations Fund for Women (UNIFEM) in upholding women's rights by helping victims of sexual violence in the Darfur region of Sudan. By extension, it explores whether the organisation provided an effective example of a feminist groups in the face of this issue. This research is descriptive, using qualitative methods. The data taken is based on relevant books, academic journals, and online material. The analytical tools used are the concepts of feminism and international cooperation. The results of this research show that, when attempting to solve the problem of sexual violence in Darfur, UNIFEM came to the aid of victims, collaborating with local institutions in the area. This resulted in positive outcomes for sexual violence victims in Darfur, though UNIFEM continues to face several challenges.
 
 Keywords: Feminism, Sexual Violence, Conflict, UNIFEM

#metoo activism without the #MeToo hashtag: online debates over entertainment celebrities’ sex scandals in China

ABSTRACT Hashtag activism is a common practice of digital feminism to challenge patriarchal orders. As the Chinese government has intensified its control over social media, a notable feature of the ongoing #MeToo movement is the absence of the hashtag itself. Within tightened state control online, how does hashtag activism build upon network connections to continue its impact without the hashtag? In this research, we compare the two largest sex scandals of 2021 involving prestigious male celebrities. We argue that online debates surrounding A-list celebrities’ sex scandals have facilitated virtual spaces for public discussion on structural gender inequalities in both public and private domains, even without the obvious #MeToo hashtag. Consequently, public discussion has popularized feminist concepts to help articulate these events. However, besides online discourse using male celebrity misconduct as a conduit to disentangle the inner workings of patriarchal institutions, misogynistic media practices and decoupling media strategies, like emphasizing the cases’ non-Chineseness, have been equally rampant to divert public attention. This article delineates the latest endeavors of Chinese digital feminism and reveals its promises and pitfalls when rallying online activism without a hashtag.

Konstruksi Feminisme dalam Film Little Women

This research investigates the construction of feminism in the film Little Women and its signs. Using descriptive qualitative methods and data collection techniques, the author uses Charles Sander Pierce's semiotic analysis and Mc Call's inter-categorical intersectional approach to group scenes and captures. The study reveals 19 scenes and 73 images containing feminism. The first concept of feminism, Stereotype classification, which forms individual opinions (Labelling), has the most sub-classifications, with seven. The research reveals that society created numerous labels for women, covering various aspects of life, including attitudes, behavior, politeness, appearance, and rights. These stereotypes reflect helplessness and perceived injustice, as perceived injustice comes from society itself. The research concludes that feminism in Little Women is a complex concept with multiple sub-classifications.

#WomanWorld Post-Feminism?

#WomanWorld is an instagram comic series created by @aminder_d with the sci-fi comedy genre by presenting the lives of a group of women who struggle for their survival in the post-extinction world of men. The #WomanWorld comic presents a series of characters who represent freedom of expression by carrying the feminist concept from the first wave to the post-feminist phase. With technology and social media networks, as well as the fourth wave feminism movement has been started, this study examines the extent of the content of feminism and post-feminism in this comic. Netnography and Textual Analysis are a method to know which one is Feminism and Post-feminism contained in this comic. This article shows how the storyline and characters in comics represent the concept of first to third wave feminism. By using post-feminism conceptual dialogue, this comic reverses its axis by creating an understanding that the desired world of women has been created, women are no longer struggling to get choices of life.

Gender epistemology: knoing the female to understand women’s work

This work seeks to understand the evolution and concepts of feminism to understand issues related to women's work from discussions based on the study of epistemology. With a view to studying the situation of women working on construction sites, gender epistemology and feminism were identified as a starting point. The study of texts by notable authors in the area forwards the concepts that are intertwined to establish the origin of women's struggles and the emergence of social movements that claim rights for women, not equality with men, but access to their rights, establishing a woman's own place.

How Do Disney Movie and Their Remakes Reflect the Changes in Gender Roles and the Advances of Feminism?

This paper analyzed four classic Disney movies that embody feminism. People around the world all like to watch Disney movies. For example, Mulan and Cinderella. However, we did not discover those great movies' feminist ideas and gender concepts. In this paper, we aim to find the plots and core ideas that symbolize gender ideas and try to discover the concepts of feminism in these movies. We distributed our group members to different movies, worked on plot-analyzing and essential concepts, and then reflected on our paper. Furthermore, we wish to explore different details when comparing the same story filmed in different periods. Take Mulan 1998 and Mulan 2020, for instance; even though the professional filming team in Disney wanted to create a real "Mulan" in the movie, the difference in period would bring different comprehensions to the team.

The Influence of Darwins Doctrine of Natural Selection on Gender in China

The status of women has been rising both at home and abroad, and while this is due to womens own efforts, the worldwide affirmative action movement has also played an important role. The purpose of this article is to explore to accelerate the development process of gender equality in China. Method of literature is applied. Source of materials include published books and journal articles. By analyzing the case studies of the affirmative action movements in developed Western countries in the past three years, we can draw some valuable nutrients to serve as a reference for domestic affirmative action efforts. By studying the impact of foreign feminist concepts on the current situation of gender in China, we can make some practical suggestions to accelerate the development process of gender equality. Although gender equality can increase competition, it is a powerful force for social progress. Chinese society is currently breaking the inherited notion of male superiority over female. With the transformation of society and the continuous improvement of the legal system, it is more important for women to strive for their equal rights.