Concept Of Space-time Research Articles

After the Paradigm of Contemporary Physics in Architecture: Spatial Possibilities and Variations

Architecture in the information age becomes a mixture of spatial and temporal processes that are directly linked to changes in science, technology and culture. In the digital era, when information becomes a matter of philosophy, methods of informational transitions provide multiple possibilities for conceptualizing space, and thus opening new horizons to architecture. This research explores algorithms of analogy between string theory, M-theory and architecture. The mathematical spacetime concepts of movement, dimension and topology in physics are studied as tools for achieving informational transitions in the design elements and their structures. As a result this methodology opens numerous possibilities for interpretation and creation of new design morphologies.

Experimental and Modeling Results on Multiple Double Layers in Low-Temperature Discharge Plasma

Multiple double layers were experimentally investigated in low-temperature plasma and modeled in the frame of the scale relativity model, based on both the fractal space-time concept and the generalization of Einstein's principle of relativity to scale transformations. The obtained results are in very good agreement, proving the ability of the multiple double layers to locally increase the plasma density and to accelerate the charged particles (electrons and ions).

Michelson– Morley experiment: A misconceived & misinterpreted experiment

A thorough review of the Michelson–Morley experiment reveals that the experiment had been not only misinterpreted but also misconceived. Under the theory & methodology adopted by Michelson & Morley the reasons of misconception and misinterpretation have been found to be: 1. Doppler Effect of light was not taken into account and 2. The motion of the solar system was not also taken into account. Since this experiment formed the basis of misinterpretation of absence of luminiferous ether in the space and as the consequence of absence of luminiferous ether the concept of length contraction in the direction of motion, theories of relativity, space–time concept and big bang theory were adopted. The basis of all these theories and concepts is challenged. The present article is the detailed and corrected version of the article ‘Ultimate Proof of Energy Theory of Matter & Cosmology’ Mohammad Shafiq Khan (2010a) necessitated by the article ‘Foundation of Theory of Everything; Non-living & Living Things’ Mohammad Shafiq Khan (2010b). This article finally explains the Michelson-Morley experiment.

The gravitational interaction and riemannian geometry based on the relational statistical space-time concept

In agreement with the correspondence principle, on the basis of the statistical model being developed, the well-known physical equations are derived. The global nature of the statistical model makes it possible to obtain the well-known relations between the fundamental quantities of micro- and macroscales. Without invoking field equations, an analogue of the Schwarzschild metric is derived, coinciding with the classical expression in the first approximation. In the second approximation there are distinctions, and the opportunity of detecting the corresponding effects experimentally is discussed. The new metric does not contain any singularities.

ANSELMIAN SPACETIME: OMNIPRESENCE AND THE CREATED ORDER

For Anselm, the attribute of omnipresence is not merely concerned with where God exists, but with where and when God exists. His account of this attribute thus precipitates a discourse on the nature of space and time: how they are related to God, to one another, and to the rest of the created order. In the course of this analysis Anselm articulates a number of positions which are generally thought to be the sole possession of modernity. In Part One of what follows I argue, first, that Anselm provides us with an analysis of objects which have both spatial and temporal parts, and second, that he provides us with a clear distinction between those objects which persist by enduring through time in their entirety and those which persist by being temporally extended. In Part Two I argue that Anselm's analysis of omnipresence is consciously informed by a conception of spacetime, according to which space and time form a single, four-dimensional manifold in which objects both persist and move.

Mine Evolution Dynamic Monitor Based on Dynamic Object-Oriented Model

This paper investigates the principal concepts of space-time and other relevant parameters in temporal GIS and Digital Mine. It proposes a novel approach to simulate changes based on object-oriented concepts and presents dynamic object-oriented model. This model is used in the temporal object-oriented virtual reality mining system which involves many aspects. Firstly, it is used in mining prototype and mine data organization research, include classifying the mining space entities, analyzing the characteristics of mining entities, the resources of mining entities data and their spatial level, researching mining processing methods and the organization mining data. Secondly, the author studies object-oriented spatial-temporal data model based on the characteristics of mine. Thirdly, the object-oriented spatio-temporal mining data model is designed. Finally, this object-oriented spatial-temporal mining data model is used in the Kailuan digital mine virtual reality system in Hubei Province (China).

Application of Scale Relativity (ScR) Theory to the Problem of a Particle in a Finite One-Dimensional Square Well (FODSW) Potential

In the present work, and along the lines of Hermann, ScR theory is applied to a finite one-dimensional square well potential problem. The aim is to show that scale relativity theory can reproduce quantum mechanical results without employing the Schrödinger equation. Some mathematical difficulties that arise when obtaining the solution to this problem were overcome by utilizing a novel mathematical connection between ScR theory and the well-known Riccati equation. Computer programs were written using the standard MATLAB 7 code to numerically simulate the behavior of the quantum particle in the above potential utilizing the solutions of the fractal equations of motion obtained from ScR theory. Several attempts were made to fix some of the parameters in the numerical simulations to obtain the best possible results in a practical computer CPU time within limited local computer facilities [1,2]. Comparison of the present results with the corresponding results obtained from conventional quantum mechanics by solving the Schrödinger equation, shows very good agreement. This agreement was improved further by optimizing the parameters used in the numerical simulations [1,3]. This represents a new example where scale relativity theory, based on a fractal space-time concept, can accurately reproduce quantum mechanical results without invoking the Schrödinger equation.

Foundation of Theory of Everything: Non-living and Living Things

For the first time the concepts of absolute space, emergent & relative time and aether or ether of classical physics & dark energy now named as Luminiferous Energy have been conceived simultaneously. The mystery of the above three concepts, existed in the electromagnetic radiation or light as the phenomenon of electromagnetic radiations, was not understood correctly: resultantly the true nature of everything remained unknown to the mankind. A theistic Foundation of Theory of Everything: Non-living and Living Things is being proposed purely on scientific basis which would explain the yet unexplained concerns of human beings. The existence of ether is proved beyond any reasonable doubt and the electromagnetic properties of this medium have been defined. The mass, as we know it, is proved to be manifestation of the energy which constitutes the matter; due to the existence of ether the formula has been proved to be incorrect. The correct coordinate transformation instead of Galilean and Lorentz transformations has been derived. The very concept of space-time has been proved to be a mathematical misrepresentation. A unified theory of forces in nature has been proposed. The present theory also envisages the theory for living things with primary concern of the life of human beings. The characteristics of the ‘soul’ energy has been defined; besides, proposal have been put forward regarding the characteristics of the ‘energies’ which being the source of life in all plants and animals. This article is in continuation of the author’s previous works (Mohammad Shafiq Khan, 2010a, b, c). Keywords: Luminiferous Energy, electromagnetic radiations, mathematical misrepresentation, work capacity, recessional acceleration, time frame, soul energy.

Foundation of Theory of Everything: Non-living and Living Things

For the first time the concepts of absolute space, emergentr due to the existence of ether the formula E=mc 2 has been proved to be incorrect. The correct coordinate transformation instead of Galilean and Lorentz transformations has been derived. The very concept of space-time has been proved to be a mathematical misrepresentation. A unified theory of forces in nature has been proposed. The present theory also envisages the theory for living things with primary concern of the life of human beings. The characteristics of the 'soul' energy has been defined; besides, proposal have been put forward regarding the characteristics of the 'energies' which being the source of life in all plants and animals. This article is in continuation of the author's previous works (Mohammad Shafiq Khan, 2010a, b, c).

Six easy roads to the Planck scale

We give six arguments that the Planck scale should be viewed as a fundamental minimum or boundary for the classical concept of spacetime, beyond which quantum effects cannot be neglected and the basic nature of spacetime must be reconsidered. The arguments are elementary, heuristic, and plausible and as much as possible rely on only general principles of quantum theory and gravity theory. The main goal of the paper is to give physics students and nonspecialists an awareness and appreciation of the Planck scale and the role it should play in present and future theories of quantum spacetime and quantum gravity.

Understanding young people’s transitions in university halls through space and time

This article contributes to the theoretical discussion about young people’s transitions through space and time. Space and time are complex overarching concepts that have creative potential in deepening understanding of transition. The focus of this research is young people’s experiences of communal living in university halls. It is argued that particular space–time concepts draw attention to different facets of experience and in combination deepen the understanding of young people’s individual and collective transitions. The focus of the article is the uses of the space–time concepts ‘routine’, ‘representation’, ‘rhythm’ and ‘ritual’ to research young people’s experiences. The article draws on research findings from two studies in the North of England.

Causal sets: Quantum gravity from a fundamentally discrete spacetime

In order to construct a quantum theory of gravity, we may have to abandon certain assumptions we were making. In particular, the concept of spacetime as a continuum substratum is questioned. Causal Sets is an attempt to construct a quantum theory of gravity starting with a fundamentally discrete spacetime. In this contribution we review the whole approach, focusing on some recent developments in the kinematics and dynamics of the approach.

Experimental and theoretical investigations of a plasma fireball dynamics

Periodic current bursts observed in the dynamic current-voltage characteristic of a probe in the presence of a plasma fireball in dynamic state were modeled in the frame of the scale relativity model, based on both the fractal space-time concept and the generalization of Einstein’s principle of relativity to scale transformations. The bursts appear in the probe characteristic when a certain relation exists between the fireball dynamics frequency and the frequency of the probe voltage sweep. The double layer dynamics is described by a set of time-dependent Schrödinger-type equations and the self-structuring is given by means of the negative differential resistance. The obtained experimental and theoretical results are proven to be in very good agreement.

Montefeltro seismicity: from Serpieri's seismograph to the RSNC seismograph station

In recent years, the recovery of some historical documents has permitted us to operate the seismographs used by Alessandro Serpieri (1823-1885) at the Observatory of the University of Urbino in the XIX century. The space-time concept of sensor network was already clear to Serpieri and he tried to apply this concept to the analysis of seismic phenomena in Italy. This paper reviews the history of the Urbino Observatory from Serpieri's age to present times. The historical region of Montefeltro, where Urbino is the main town, is affected by seismicity with typical magnitudes between 2.2 and 2.5. Most of these events occur in the upper 15 km of the crust. The seismicity of the neighbouring regions is mainly concentrated in three zones: Northern Rimini, the Apennine belt and the Sibillini Mountain area. From the overall data, it is possible to infer that there is a basin characterised by microseismicity and essentially dominated by a compressive tectonic regime in the Montefeltro area. Furthermore seismological data seem to show a quiet segment, separating the extension area from the compression area, characterised by a low concentration of seismic events.

Essay Review: Physical Relativity and Understanding Space-Time

The two books discussed here make important contributions to our understanding of the role of spacetime concepts in physical theories and how that understanding has changed during the evolution of physics. Both emphasize what can be called a ‘dynamical’ account, according to which geometric structures should be understood in terms of their roles in the laws governing matter and force. I explore how the books contribute to such a project; while generally sympathetic, I offer criticisms of some historical claims concerning Newton, and argue that the dynamical account does not undercut ontological issues as the books claim.

Does quantum mechanics tell an atomistic spacetime?

The canonical answer to the question posed is "Yes." – tacitly assuming that quantum theory and the concept of spacetime are to be unified by 'quantizing' a theory of gravitation. Yet, instead, one may ponder: Could quantum mechanics arise as a coarse-grained reflection of the atomistic nature of spacetime? – We speculate that this may indeed be the case. We recall the similarity between evolution of classical and quantum mechanical ensembles, according to Liouville and von Neumann equation, respectively. The classical and quantum mechanical equations are indistinguishable for objects which are free or subject to spatially constant but possibly time dependent, or harmonic forces, if represented appropriately. This result suggests a way to incorporate anharmonic interactions, including fluctuations which are tentatively related to the underlying discreteness of spacetime. Being linear and local at the quantum mechanical level, the model offers a decoherence and natural localization mechanism. However, the relation to primordial deterministic degrees of freedom is nonlocal.

Aspects of Feynman Graphs

Abstract Points (vertices) and lines (edges) can be compared to the particles and waves in nature. Graphical, visual representations of objects and processes possess many properties which are quite advantageous and practically useful. Richard P. Feynman, made copious applications of the graph-theoretic language, ideas and methods for understanding the micro-world of elementary particles and their interactions. Here, we discus certain significant features of Feynman graphs or diagrams in the modern context. We make a novel observation that the CPT theorem is embedded in the space-time concepts of Feynman graphs and hence the success and precision of some the calculations of QED are in fact testament to the correctness and accuracy of this theorem.

Quantum geometrodynamics: whence, whither?

Quantum geometrodynamics is canonical quantum gravity with the three-metric as the configuration variable. Its central equation is the Wheeler–DeWitt equation. Here I give an overview of the status of this approach. The issues discussed include the problem of time, the relation to the covariant theory, the semiclassical approximation as well as applications to black holes and cosmology. I conclude that quantum geometrodynamics is still a viable approach and provides insights into both the conceptual and technical aspects of quantum gravity. These considerations reveal that the concepts of spacetime and time itself are not primary but secondary ideas in the structure of physical theory. These concepts are valid in the classical approximation. However, they have neither meaning nor application under circumstances when quantum-geometrodynamical effects become important. ...There is no spacetime, there is no time, there is no before, there is no after. The question what happens “next” is without meaning [1].

Why Constructive Relativity Fails

Constructivists, such as Harvey Brown, urge that the geometries of Newtonian and special relativistic spacetimes result from the properties of matter. Whatever this may mean, it commits constructivists to the claim that these spacetime geometries can be inferred from the properties of matter without recourse to spatiotemporal presumptions or with few of them. I argue that the construction project only succeeds if constructivists antecedently presume the essential commitments of a realist conception of spacetime. These commitments can be avoided only by adopting an extreme form of operationalism.1. Introduction2. The Construction Project3. Clocks4. The Spacetime Presumed5. Lorentz Covariance Is a Property of a Matter Theory and Spacetime6. Spatial Distances and Times Elapsed Are Properties of Spacetime7. Conclusion

Hong Kong and the Production of Art in the Post/colonial City

Contemporary and alternative art in Hong Kong has strong local roots and translocal connections, and while it reflects cultural politics in the city it lacks substantial international recognition. This interdisciplinary analysis focuses on the contexts of production of contemporary art by women in Hong Kong and their centrality in the city's arts community. The narrative contrasts the presence of contemporary and alternative arts and its absence from art criticism discourses through the disjuncture between the geopolitics of contemporary Asian art and the making of Hong Kong into an unprecedented territorial formation. Reading local art through alternative space–time concepts and intersubjective arts practice is proposed through the exhibit-event, “If Hong Kong, A Woman/Traveller.”