Conceptual Paradigm Research Articles

Specific features of intersemiotic translation of symbols from the perspective of conceptual and semiotic paradigm

The text of the novel “Inferno” written by Dan Brown and its film adaptation, provide the material for the analysis of symbols and their importance in both art forms. This analysis, which rests on the thesis of the conceptual nature of symbols in any literary text, is made in conceptual and semantic fields, and the concepts denoted by the analyzed symbols are pointed out. Given that the text of the source novel is abundant in symbols of various degrees of textual importance, not all of them were subject of research in this paper. The basic symbol of the source text, the Inferno, was singled out, as well as a number of symbols embodied by novel and film personages. In the research, frequent techniques of intersemiotic translations were analyzed as concerns their role in symbol rendering: omission, typical of the studied case of intersemiotic translation, which can be combined with the technique of addition. In the latter case, the degree of expressive force of the symbol can be considerably altered. The greatest shift in the degree of importance of a symbol is named ‘symbol transformation’, it is observed when symbols (in the given case, symbolic personages of the source text) lose their expressive force and the features of a symbol, i.e., in the process of intersemiotic translation these symbols are lost. The suggested model of analysis can be applied in other cases of intersemiotic translation, and other techniques, together with their combinations, can be found.

FEMINIST JURISPRUDENCE AND ITS MANY CORNERS: BUILDING A SOCIO-LEGAL PERSPECTIVE IN THE INDIAN SOCIETY

This paper tends to explore the various branches of the Feminist Jurisprudence and its inter-section with the other disciplines. To understand the socio-legal nuances involved in the concept of achieving a gender just framework there is a need to analyze the vast scholarly literature available on the subject. Therefore, an attempt has been made to conceptualize the problem of gender inequality existing between the relations of men and women in the Indian society. And finally connecting the scope of this analysis for building a contemporary understanding of the concept of Gender Justice paradigm in the Indian scenario. KEYWORDS: Feminist Jurisprudence, Gender, Gender-relations, Intersectionality, Gender Justice.

Bellamy, Liz. The Language of Fruit: Literature and Horticulture in the Long Eighteenth Century.

Bellamy, Liz. <i>The Language of Fruit: Literature and Horticulture in the Long Eighteenth Century</i>.

Premises and Problems: Essays on World Literature and Cinema by Luiza Franco Moreira

Reviewed by: Premises and Problems: Essays on World Literature and Cinema by Luiza Franco Moreira Hande Gurses Luiza Franco Moreira. Premises and Problems: Essays on World Literature and Cinema. Albany: State U of New York P, 2021. Pp. 233. US$105.00 hardcover, US$32.95 paperback. Almost two centuries after Goethe’s coinage, world literature [Weltliteratur] continues to be a category that abounds with debates as it invites multiple modes of analysis, reading, and categorization. The complexities and tensions inherent to world literature encourage interdisciplinary interventions ranging from history to geography, from political science to philosophy. Premises and Problems: Essays on World Literature and Cinema contributes to the ongoing debates around world literature by focusing on the various definitions of the categories of “world” and “literature” as well as the resulting violence of their respective boundaries. Edited by Luiza Franco Moreira, Premises and Problems: Essays on World Literature and Cinema is the result of a colloquium organized by the Fernand Braudel Center and Binghamton University’s Department of Comparative Literature in April 2016. The volume appears as part of the series published by the Fernand Braudel Center Studies in Historical Social Science. In her introduction, Moreira states that both the volume and the colloquium express a “convergence of interests between the Center and the Department” (2), yet this convergence of interests does not necessarily result in an interdisciplinary methodology. Moreira draws attention to the distinction between social sciences and literature as she claims that despite sharing “an interest in world literature, their approaches do not necessarily coincide” (3). The firmness of disciplinary boundaries in a volume that questions such boundaries comes across as a missed opportunity. The volume, by directing its focus to a methodological concern, aims to call into question the definition of world literature understood as a “systematic category” (1) in the United States. Claiming that such categorical definition prioritizes certain languages while disregarding the “literary languages that do not hold a sufficiently high level of prestige” (1), the volume aims to understand the “ways that hegemony is established and the costs of losing it” (2). While examining the causes and consequences of prevailing hegemonic structures, the volume focuses “on specific historical moments that afford dynamic and not quite central perspectives on hegemony and, more generally, [End Page 574] into the conflicts between diverse literary and linguistic traditions” (2). The volume presents a wide range of linguistic diversity as well as distinct temporal and geographical contexts. Nonetheless, the connection between diversity and the intricate workings of hegemony remains rather disconcerting. While claiming to refrain from “reproducing the point of view of the current hegemonic literatures” (2), the volume remains silent on the hegemonic reach of the languages and literary traditions that are included in the chapters. Ranging from Arabic to Portuguese, from Turkish to Spanish, these languages do have histories of various degrees of hegemonic practices as well as their respective fields of subjugation. The volume’s specific argument would have been more compelling if the implications and complexities of hegemony were more openly addressed. A closer look into the content of each chapter makes it disconcertingly clear that most of the authors and filmmakers that the contributors discuss are names with international prominence, having already gained recognition via prestigious awards and translations. Coming across the names of Bolaño, Borges, Pamuk, and Ceylan in a volume claiming to problematize the hegemony of certain linguistic traditions is disheartening to say the least. Inclusion of works by authors, translators, and filmmakers who have not made it into the syllabi of world literature courses across North American institutions would certainly enhance the argument of this volume. The chapters, organized around thematic and geographical proximity, allow the reader to follow an organic unfolding of ideas. Chapter One, by Tarek Shamma, offers a study of the impact of the translation of Aristotle’s work into Arabic by Abu Bishr Matta bin Yunus. Shamma advocates for a new understanding of translation that “challenges the standards of comprehension and miscomprehension that are usually used in the assessment” (25). Arguing that the translations into Arabic allowed for a new conceptual paradigm to become possible, Shamma advocates for the exploration of “the...

Application of the Conceptual Model of Buddhist Counseling and Guidance Through Online Media During the Covid 19

The foundational teaching of the four noble truths is the foundation of the Buddhist counseling psychology conceptual paradigm. The Four Noble Truths are the most fundamental teachings of Buddhism, and both Mahayana and Theravada Buddhists subscribe to them. This model is applied in the form of training by measuring prior concept knowledge and training. After a final exam was done at the implementation of the program's second session, the participants of the application "Buddhist Counseling Psychology Training Model" increased their level of knowledge mastery from 46.67 percent to 78.24 percent. This finding implies that Buddhists need to improve their knowledge of Buddhist Guidance and Counseling resources while seeking direction or resolving personal, family, or communal issues. The participants' strength after this activity was also demonstrated by a variety of enthusiastic inputs.

Semiotic modeling of the text-driven conceptual paradigm in language education

Abstract The conceptual paradigm of Thomas Sebeok’s modeling systems theory builds a theoretical foundation that modeling and knowing converge and coexist in the process of life evolution, and affords multiple narrative spaces for foreign language education, allowing us to address living and learning concurrently in the process of meaning modeling. The present paper argues that the concept of modeling has elevated us above the long-standing emphasis on the most valuable knowledge with the same (target) language standards and the same discourse power, and has captured the interest of language educators to establish a semiotic connection between knowledge content and knowledge representation through a representation model, the English textbook, which is generally considered as an important carrier of language knowledge. The study of the concept of English textbooks promotes sustainable regeneration of semiotic information on multi-level spatial interpretability so that learning can be regarded as exploration and growth of experience. Based on what these analyses reveal, the paper concludes by confirming that the textbook can effectively construct a diverse cultural signification order, considering the learner’s greater flexibility and social responsibility and providing the curriculum with a modeling nature for meaning negotiation among all parties involved.

The concept of paradigm in the education sciences: analyzes and reflections

In the article it was approached the concept of an educational paradigm. I summarised some paradigm clasifications of the early XXI century, putting the emphasis on the concepts of the great researchers like Th. Kuhn, E. Joița, T. Callo etc., thus becoming clearly the necessity of an educational filosofy.

Forest roads planning and management in terms of Social-Ecological Systems (SES) framework

Adaptation to climate change as well as the increasing demand for a new approach in post fire socioecological resilience and Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) in forest management requires a different way of thinking of forest roads planning, in terms of Social-Ecological Systems (SES) Framework. Social-ecological systems are complex, adaptive and emphasize that social and ecological systems are linked through feedback mechanisms, and that both display resilience and complexity. In this frame, it is important to clarify the considerable dynamic elements for the future development of forest roads planning and management that promote natural, socio-economic, and cultural well-being. The main objective of this paper is to identify important new challenges concerning the forest roads planning and management and to propose a conceptual paradigm towards SES in a continuing changing climate, social needs and environmental conditions. Hence, a newly developed concept under the prism of SES forest roads planning, is presented. Eight key performance areas to ensure the forest operations as SES include: (i) nature’s services; (ii) ergonomics; (iii) environmental economics; (iv) quality optimization of products and production based on NBS; (v) the use as evacuation routes; (vi) access to renewable energy sources; (vii) people and society; and (viii) resilience. The conceptual frame of SES provides a close to nature perspective which addresses the ongoing and foreseeable challenges that the global forest ecosystems face, based on harmonized forest operations performance across economic, environmental and social sustainability. In this new concept, we demonstrate how these eight interconnected principles interact to each other and are related to forest operations achieving Nature Based Solutions in forest management and climate change mitigation.

Party regulation in Latin America: A change of normative paradigms

In spite of the growing academic interest in party law in Latin America, we still lack a comprehensive account of how party regulatory frameworks evolved from the time of transitions to the present. This paper aims to fill this gap. In doing so, it makes a double contribution to the field of party regulation. On the one hand, it systematizes, for the first time, all the reforms adopted in Latin America over the last four decades. On the other hand, it introduces a theoretical innovation by using the concept of normative paradigms to analyze a process of legislative change. The main argument of this article is that a permissive paradigm was gradually but overwhelmingly replaced by a prescriptive approach, which conceives parties as semi-state institutions. This shift sheds light on the changing linkages between parties and the state in Latin America.

The fundamental duty to not attempt against the democratic State of law: an approximation between Jürgen Habermas and Thomas S. Kuhn and the extinction of the National Policy for Social Participation

The present study aims to investigate whether the extinction of the National Policy of Popular Participation fails to fulfill the fundamental duty of not violating the Democratic Rule of Law. The first chapter presents the theoretical basis of the article, which uses Thomas S. Kuhn's epistemology and paradigm concept, reformulated as a disciplinary matrix in his post-critical works, in dialogue with the procedural paradigm of Habermasian discursive democracy. In the second chapter, a review of the scientific papers and the normative-political basis of the fundamental and human duty to respect the democratic order is carried out, not practicing acts or making speeches that attempt against it. In the third chapter, through a logical-deductive methodology of the sedimented theories, we study the normative act that extinguished the policy of social participation in Public Councils and Adin 6.121-DF, filed against that act. The article identifies in the judgment legal matrices still in conflict in our legal system, despite the fact that all STF judges emphasize the virtues of participatory democracy in the democratic rule of law paradigm. Finally, it is concluded that the extinction of the Councils in an unrestricted way violates the fundamental duty of not violating the democratic rule of law, in the light of Habermas' discursive theory of democracy.

The business paradigm: explanation for patterns of business interactions

PurposeThis paper aims to introduce the concept of business paradigm to conceptualize and explain differences in business interaction patterns in the IMP research.Design/methodology/approachThe concept of the interaction and the concepts related to and driven from it describe the business at both a general level. At the same time, the IMP points out the uniqueness of business interactions. This paper addresses the specific lies between the general and the particular by referring to various patterns of interactions. To close that gap, this paper implies the Kuhnian philosophy of science to conceptualize the business paradigm.FindingsThe business paradigm is a socially constructed collective term. It simultaneously captures the cognitive (what business is and what rules it has) and social (business community) dimensions of the actor’s behavior and actions. It has two interdependent dimensions: cognitive and social. It determines how the actors view and do business, and it explains the variations of interactions.Research limitations/implicationsNot applicable as it is a conceptual paper.Practical implicationsNot applicable as it is a conceptual paper.Social implicationsNot applicable as it is a conceptual paper.Originality/valueThe concept of the business paradigm is a theoretical extension of the IMP actor’s theory. The dimensions of the business paradigm capture the psychological and sociological characteristics of the business actor. The business paradigm application provides an opportunity to find that business can be different because actors in various communities have various views on what business is and how it should be properly run. Adding the business paradigm concept to the IMP theory implies strengthening the theory explanation power because the interaction explains the business’s general characteristics. The business relationship explains the business’s unique features, and the business paradigm explains the various interaction patterns.

Intersubjectivity And Analytic Field Theory.

Intersubjectivity is the central concept of the relational paradigm, the most widely employed in contemporary psychoanalysis. Yet we do not have a clear definition of it. Usually it is synonymous with "the interpersonal" and thus indicates the interaction that takes place between two already constituted subjects. In this sense it has little to do with the radical social theory of subjectivation suggested by the term, at least originally, in Husserl's philosophy. In the original meaning of intersubjectivity, as handed down by Husserl and later developed by Merleau-Ponty, the binary opposition between subjectivity and intersubjectivity is dissolved and transformed into a dialectic relationship. To formulate a clear and distinct, but above all specific, definition of intersubjectivity, we need to reclaim this intuition and translate it into coherent principles of technique. It is also essential to verify whether the models of psychoanalysis proffered as intersubjective actually satisfy this parameter. On the basis of these two simple principles, the variants of psychoanalysis that are labeled intersubjective can be placed along a continuum. Examples are given of "weak" and "strong" intersubjectivity. Paradigmatic of the latter pole is the post-Bionian theory of the analytic field.

Shifting Power Centers and News Sources: The Practices and Struggles of Hong Kong’s Political Journalists Since the Handover

ABSTRACT Focusing on Hong Kong’s news media, this study uses the concepts of news paradigms and information subsidies to examine how a shift in political power centers can affect the production of political news and its reportage. A quantitative content analysis of the sourcing patterns of press reports on interpretations of the Basic Law by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress after the 1997 handover of Hong Kong indicated a rising trend in the use of news sources from the Chinese government and the pro-China camp. Furthermore, in-depth interviews with Hong Kong political journalists revealed that the influence of the Chinese government on the media exceeded that of the Hong Kong government. The currently asymmetrical dual-power structure, which is characterized by the Chinese central government’s supersession of the Hong Kong government, has provoked dramatic changes in news sources and sourcing practices, reflecting a shift in Hong Kong’s news paradigm. Media outlets and journalists face resistance to their news reporting and threats to the professionalism of their journalistic work.

Robust Integration of Biodiversity Data by Process- and State-based Representation of Object Histories and Modular Application Architecture

Biodiversity data is obtained by a variety of methodological approaches—including observation surveys, environmental sampling and biological object collection—employing diverse sample processing protocols and data transformations. While complete and accurate accounts of these data-generating processes are important to enable integration and informed reuse of data, the structure and content of published biodiversity data currently are often shaped by specific application goals. For example, data publishers that export specimen-based data from collection management systems for inclusion in aggregations like those in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) must frequently relax their internal models and produce unnatural joins to fit GBIF’s occurrences-based data structure. Third-party assertions over these aggregated data therefore assume the risk of irreproducibility or concept drift. Here we introduce process- and state-based representation of object histories as the main organizing principle for data about specimens and samples in Digital Information System for Natural History Data (DINA, Glöckler et al. 2020)-compliant collection management software (Fig. 1). Specimens, samples and objects in general are subjected to a variety of processes, including planned actions involving the object, e.g., collecting, preparing, subsampling, loaning. Object states are any particular mode of being of an object at a certain point in time. For example, any one intermediate step in preparing a collected specimen for long-term conservation in a collection would constitute an individual object state. An object’s history is the entire chain of these interrelated processes and states. We argue that using object histories as main conceptual modeling paradigm in DINA offers the generality required to accommodate a diverse, open set of use cases in biodiversity data representation, yet also offers the versatility to serve as basis for use-case specific data aggregation and presentation. Specifically, a representation based on object histories provides a coherent structure for documenting individual processes and states for any given object and for linking this documentation (e.g., textual descriptions or images pertaining to a given process or state), a natural representational structure of the real-world sequence of processes an object participates in and for the data generated in these processes (e.g., a DNA-extraction procedure and sequence information generated on its basis), a straightforward structure to link data about related objects (e.g., tissue samples, the biological specimen a bone is derived from) in a network of connected object histories. a coherent structure for documenting individual processes and states for any given object and for linking this documentation (e.g., textual descriptions or images pertaining to a given process or state), a natural representational structure of the real-world sequence of processes an object participates in and for the data generated in these processes (e.g., a DNA-extraction procedure and sequence information generated on its basis), a straightforward structure to link data about related objects (e.g., tissue samples, the biological specimen a bone is derived from) in a network of connected object histories. The approach is designed to be embedded in DINA’s modular application architecture, so that information on object histories can be accessed via corresponding APIs either through its own interfaces (Fig. 2) or by integration with external web services (Fig. 3). Viewing collection management tasks as part of object histories also informs delineation of modules to support these tasks with specialized functions and interfaces. It also admits the use of persistent, dereferencable identifiers for individual processes and states in object histories and for linking their representations to elements in ontologies and controlled vocabularies. In this contribution to the symposium, DINA's object histories as a main organizing principle for collection object data will be discussed and the utility of using it in the context of modular application architecture, data federation, and data integration in projects like BiCIKL will be illustrated.

Widespread woody plant use of water stored in bedrock

In the past several decades, field studies have shown that woody plants can access substantial volumes of water from the pores and fractures of bedrock1-3. If, like soil moisture, bedrock water storage serves as an important source of plant-available water, then conceptual paradigms regarding water and carbon cycling may need to be revised to incorporate bedrock properties and processes4-6. Here we present a lower-bound estimate of the contribution of bedrock water storage to transpiration across the continental United States using distributed, publicly available datasets. Temporal and spatial patterns of bedrock water use across the continental United States indicate that woody plants extensively access bedrock water for transpiration. Plants across diverse climates and biomes access bedrock water routinely and not just during extreme drought conditions. On an annual basis in California, the volumes of bedrock water transpiration exceed the volumes of water stored in human-made reservoirs, and woody vegetation that accesses bedrock water accounts for over 50% of the aboveground carbon stocks in the state. Our findings indicate that plants commonly access rock moisture, as opposed to groundwater, from bedrock and that, like soil moisture, rock moisture is a critical component of terrestrial water and carbon cycling.

Conceptual reconsideration of nominations of limbs in the paremiological fund of the Chinese language

This article is dedicated to reconsideration of nominations of limbs reflected in the phraseological fund of the Chinese language. The goal of this work consist in determination of the conceptual attributes of nominations of human limbs in the Chinese linguistic worldview by analyzing their linguistic representation in the paremiological fund of the language. The author leans on the vast theoretical material, gradually describing the key approaches towards the analysis of &amp;ldquo;bodily concepts&amp;rdquo; and the study of phraseologisms of the Chinese language in the conceptual paradigm. The author reveals several primary and secondary meanings of words that represent limbs in the Chinese language, demonstrating the interrelation between the origin of the word and the number of its secondary conceptual meanings. For example, the hieroglyph &amp;#33050; (foot) is the &amp;ldquo;youngest&amp;rdquo; and most commonly denominates part of the body. The article also proves the possibility of actualization of cognitive meanings of particular linguistic concepts through the analysis of paremias. Namely, the concept &amp;ldquo;arm&amp;rdquo; implies the meanings of &amp;ldquo;mastery&amp;rdquo;, &amp;ldquo;distance&amp;rdquo;, &amp;ldquo;tool&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;weapon&amp;rdquo;, while the concept&amp;nbsp; &amp;ldquo;foot&amp;rdquo; &amp;ndash; the meanings of &amp;ldquo;foundation&amp;rdquo;, &amp;ldquo;motion&amp;rdquo;, &amp;ldquo;prosperity&amp;rdquo;. The author comes to the conclusion that the ways of reconsideration of human body and its parts in descriptive and comparative terms of different cultures is one of the most effective instruments for cognizing the fundamental of the linguistic worldview.

Qualitative Research in Veterinary Medical Education: Part 2-Carrying Out Research Projects.

This is the second of two articles that together comprise an orientation and introduction to qualitative research for veterinary medical educators who may be new to research, or for those whose research experience is based on the quantitative traditions of biomedicine. In the first article (Part 1-Principles of Qualitative Design), we explored the types of research interests and goals suited to qualitative inquiry and introduced the concepts of research paradigms and methodologies. In this second article, we move to the strategies and actions involved in conducting a qualitative study, including selection and sampling of research sites and participants, data collection and analysis. We introduce some guidelines for reporting qualitative research and explore the ways in which qualitative research is evaluated and the findings applied. Throughout, we provide illustrative examples from veterinary and human medical education and suggest useful resources for further reading. Taken together, the two articles build an understanding of qualitative research, outline how it may be conducted, and equip readers with an improved capacity to appraise its value.

Структурные взаимосвязи коррупции и отраслевой системы страны, влияние на ее функционирование

In this article, the author has formulated a conceptual model of the relationship between corruption and factors of the state system, put forward conceptual paradigms for the purposes of statistical assessment of corruption-related crimes in the context of the country's economy.

Construction of rape culture amongst the Shona indigenous religion and culture: Perspectives from African feminist cultural hermeneutics

Rape culture is reportedly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. Culture, patriarchy, poverty and religion continue to sustain rape culture. The notions of the objectification of women’s bodies amongst the Shona people are causatives for rape culture within diverse cultural institutions. Africans reasonably uphold marriage with high esteem; unfortunately, the marriage institution is also susceptible to becoming a source of abuse, coercion, and is often used as a tool for controlling women. Some of the entrenched marital rituals embody diverse detrimental and contentious practices, which deprive girls and women their autonomous rights, particularly their sexual and reproductive rights. This research article interrogates numerous aspects within the Shona indigenous religion and culture, which precipitate the construction of rape culture. The study uses African feminism as a theoretical framework. It utilises African feminist cultural hermeneutics to interrogate rape culture amongst the Shona people. The research study is qualitative with a conceptual analysis paradigm. It concludes by proposing the need for tapping into some life-giving and gender inclusive principles within the Shona indigenous religion and culture to be utilised as tools for eradicating rape culture. Contribution: Utilising the African feminist cultural hermeneutical framework, the article interrogated several factors precipitating rape culture amongst the Shona people. It foregrounded that women bear the brunt of burden of rape culture. It concludes by proposing the need for tapping into some positive Shona indigenous traditions as tools for curbing rape culture.

Современная скандинавская «Сага о политической экономии»: «Against the Stream. Critical Essays on Economics» Гуннара Мюрдаля

Introduction. It is proposed to pose the question of the original understanding of fundamental economic science as a political economy, presented by Gunnar Myrdal in the book “Against the Stream. Critical Essays on Economics”, which can be regarded from a certain point of view as a modern Scandinavian «Saga about political economy». Hermeneutic analysis. G. Myrdal’s paradigm concept, based on the concept of “establishment economics” was more meaningful than the modern use of the term “mainstream” to characterize the dominant flow of economic thought. The theoretical and methodological substantiation of the scientific hypothesis about the periodic emergence of crises and the formation of the economic science evolution cycles made it possible to explain the chronology of the Keynesian paradigm ascent and decline cycle by changes in economy and society. The arguments in favor of the institutional approach prompted a fundamental conclusion about the advisability of returning economic science to the original name of political economy and restoring its spiritual, moral, value dimension. G. Myrdal questioned and refuted the traditional abstract assumption about the conflict between economic growth and egalitarian reforms, for which one must pay a high price such as the national economy productivity decline, proposed the concept of “created harmony” to characterize the modern welfare state. Conclusion. The interpretation of the scientific monograph “Against the Stream. Critical Essays on Economics” in the style of Scandinavian “Saga about political economy” added a lot of very interesting details, judgments, explanations that substantively complemented the theoretical and methodological approach, showed the opportunity to study, research and present the history of economic thought in an attractive literary style without sacrificing depth and completeness of acquired knowledge.