Concept Of Mode Research Articles

Determining the Damage and Failure Behaviour of Textile Reinforced Composites under Combined In-Plane and Out-of-Plane Loading.

The absence of sufficient knowledge of the heterogeneous damage behaviour of textile reinforced composites, especially under combined in-plane and out-of-plane loadings, requires the development of multi-scale experimental and numerical methods. In the scope of this paper, three different types of plain weave fabrics with increasing areal weight were considered to characterise the influence of ondulation and nesting effects on the damage behaviour. Therefore an advanced new biaxial testing method has been elaborated to experimentally determine the fracture resistance at the combined biaxial loads. Methods in image processing of the acquired in-situ CT data and micrographs have been utilised to obtain profound knowledge of the textile geometry and the distribution of the fibre volume content of each type. Combining the derived data of the idealised geometry with a numerical multi-scale approach was sufficient to determine the fracture resistances of predefined uniaxial and biaxial load paths. Thereby, Cuntze’s three-dimensional failure mode concept was incorporated to predict damage and failure. The embedded element method was used to obtain a structured mesh of the complex textile geometries. The usage of statistical and visualisation methods contributed to a profound comprehension of the ondulation and nesting effects.

Integral Sliding Mode Convex Optimization in Uncertain Lagrangian Systems Driven by PMDC Motors: Averaged Subgradient Approach

An uncertain Lagrangian dynamic controlled plant with permanent magnet dc-actuator, governed by a system of ordinary differential equations, is treated. The state variables (generalized coordinates and their velocities) are assumed to be measurable. The controller design is based on sliding mode concept, aimed to minimize a given convex (not obligatory strongly convex) function of the current state. The subgradient of this cost function is supposed to be measurable online. An optimization type algorithm is developed and analyzed using ideas of the averaged subgradient technique. The main results consist in proving the reachability of the “practical desired regime” (nonstationary analogue of sliding surface) from the beginning of the process and obtaining an explicit upper bound for the cost function decrement, that is, a functional convergence is proven and the rate of convergence is estimated. Numerical example, dealing with a robot manipulator of three freedom degrees illustrates the effectiveness of the suggested approach.

An Event Ontology Model Research for Environmental Pollution Emergencies

In the modeling process, event ontology design pattern (EODP) is a solution to recurring the same error scheme. It can speed up the construction of event ontology and avoid design ambiguity. A general event model structure is proposed in this paper. In the absence of domain-specific vocabulary, the model structure can represent the most general event information in web text. Based on this, the concept of event ontology mode and the method of extracting event ontology mode are proposed, and the method is used to establish the environmental pollution emergency ontology mode based on shared vocabulary. Finally, the ontology model of environmental pollution emergencies was formalized by using description logic, and the domain event ontology model was implemented by using the event ontology model to verify its validity and conceptual consistency.

Modernist poetry and performer’s dramatic role: considerations on Ronaldo Miranda’s artsong “Segredo"


 
 
 The present research focuses Ronaldo Miranda’s artsong “segredo”. This study applies an interdisciplinary approach in a methodological attempt to join poetry and music and the dramatic roles of singer and pianist, especially in dealing with modernist poetry. The discussion about the relationship between music and words is based on the studies of Stein and Spillman (1996). The literary concept of persona (who is talking in a poem) and mode of address (to whom the persona is talking) is the one described by Edward T. Cone in The Composer’s Voice (1974). The main goal of this paper is to provide performance guidelines for both the singer and the pianist on the art songs for voice and piano “Segredo” by Ronaldo Miranda and poem by Carlos Drummond de Andrade, with suggestions for shaping interpretive ideas and emphasis on the dramatic role of the performers.
 
 

CONCEPT OF SWITCHING MODE OF REPRODUCTION AND EVOLUTIONARY THEORY: ISSUES OF METHODOLOGY

The purpose of the article is to show that the innovation development of the economy, being the subject of research of evolutionary economic theory, occurs mainly in the switching mode, and therefore is organically linked with the so-called switching mode of reproduction, which is currently being intensively developed at the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. For representatives of the Orthodox Economic Science, all subjects are homogeneous, that is, they are characterized by rational behavior, the intention to maximize profits and the striving for equilibrium states. Evolutionary economists consider this homogeneity to be far from obvious. They pay primary attention to innovative development as a process of qualitative changes, distinguish subjects who implement qualitative changes and subjects who do not, but rather counteract changes. The concept of a switching mode of reproduction is based on a fundamentally different methodological prerequisite and therefore is a development of both evolutionary and orthodox economic theory.

Generation of disassembly plans and quality assessment based on CAD data

ABSTRACT In complex machines, the generation of a Disassembly Plan (DP) which allows a minimum change of disassembly tools and directions, and permits an easy dismounting of wear parts is the main requirement to ensure an efficient design. The disassembly cost, in the maintenance case, is high, and needs to anticipate the restore tasks in the early design stages. Considering the disassembly line conditions in the DP generation makes it possible to reduce the cost and rapidity of dismantling. Taking into account all the cited parameters previously in the DP generation, from the early design phase, is a main tread in the accomplishment of the circular economy. A new disassembly approach based on the Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality (FMECA) concept allows the integration of disassembly direction and tool, easy access of wear part and disassembly line conditions. It begins by the research of subassemblies composing the mechanism. Then, it generates a variety of DPs based on the CAD data. Then, the obtained DPs are classified according to a quality index which is calculated using the FMECA method. The implementation and comparative study with the literature are detailed using an industrial mechanism containing multiple wear parts.

Дескриптивное искусство и проблема репрезентации в живописи

The predominant for XX century art studies tradition was seriously reconsidered during the 1970– 1980s during the so called «new art history» development, when many received concepts were called into question. A notion of descriptiv e mode of painting proposed by an American art historian S. Alpers is of great interest in this context because it allows us to revise the homogeneous development of European art. While elaborating the concept of descriptive mode of painting, Alpers took under consideration a wide range of historical and cultural sources thus contributed to the new research approach nowadays known under the title of visual culture studies. It is not less important that she also focused on the issue of pictorial representation, which inquires the essence of the work of art.

The somatic mode: doing good in targeted cancer therapy

This article explores the ethical challenges following the use of genetic information in experimental cancer treatment. In Danish healthcare, current ethical debates on the wider use of genetic information are highly focused on the heredity of genetic information. This focus accords with the international bioethical literature and the established practices of assessing inherited risks for cancer. Drawing on Pols’ (2003. “Enforcing Rights or Improving Care? The Interference of two Modes of Doing Good in Mental Health Care.” Sociology of Health & Illness 25 (4): 320–347. doi:10.1111/1467-9566.00349) concept of modes of doing good, we show that this has led to a certain understanding of the ethical challenges regarding genetic information – an understanding we term the germline mode. We argue that the germline mode overlooks crucial dilemmas facing healthcare professionals who use genetic information to target treatment directly at patients’ somatic mutations, i.e. alterations in the DNA occurring only in the tumor. In this article, we develop the concept of the somatic mode and explore the ethical challenges that emerge when genetic information takes a somatic turn.

An extended energy balance method for resonance prediction in forced response of systems with non-conservative nonlinearities using damped nonlinear normal mode

The dynamic analysis of systems with nonlinearities has become an important topic in many engineering fields. Apart from the forced response analyses, nonlinear modal analysis has been successfully extended to such non-conservative systems thanks to the definition of damped nonlinear normal modes. The energy balance method is a tool that permits to directly predict resonances for a conservative system with nonlinearities from its nonlinear modes. In this work, the energy balance method is extended to systems with non-conservative nonlinearities using the concept of the damped nonlinear normal mode and its application in a full-scale engineering structure. This extended method consists of a balance between the energy loss from the internal damping, the energy transferred from the external excitation and the energy exchanged with the non-conservative nonlinear force. The method assumes that the solution of the forced response at resonance bears resemblance to that of the damped nonlinear normal mode. A simplistic model and full-scale structure with dissipative nonlinearities and a simplistic model showing self-excited vibration are tested using the method. In each test case, resonances are predicted efficiently and the computed force–amplitude curves show a great agreement with the forced responses. In addition, the self-excited solutions and isolas in forced responses can be effectively detected and identified. The accuracy and limitations of the method have been critically discussed in this work.

Marx’s Concept of The Asiatic Mode of Production and Its Historical Geography

The validity and implication of the Asiatic mode of production [AMP] has become one of the most controversial issues in Marxist theory since Marx mentioned this concept. A huge space for understanding and misunderstanding is bequeathed by Marx’s oeuvre because he never systematically elaborated on it in his published work. Based on a close reading of Marx’s texts and their contemporary interpretations, this paper argues for the possibility of understanding the mode of production in terms of property relations by clarifying the two-fold character of property; demonstrating the validity of the AMP by decomposing historical modes of production into two dimensions; clarifying its implications and locating its historical geography by distinguishing it from other modes of production, pointing out its significance for anti-capitalism and anti-privatisation.

Combinatorial innovation modes in SMEs: mechanisms integrating STI processes into DUI mode learning and the role of regional innovation policy

ABSTRACT Innovation processes comprise interactive learning mechanisms by combining different knowledge sources. Using a set of 80 exploratory interviews with small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and regional innovation consultants, this paper analyzes the mechanisms through which firms combine an STI (science-technology – innovation) and DUI (learning-by-doing, -using and -interacting) mode of innovation. We show that the innovation mode concept ought to be applied as a continuum of combinations. Thus, SMEs integrate STI-based knowledge into DUI-routines through mechanisms with varying levels of complexity. The described mechanisms differ with respect to their effects on innovativeness, the required absorptive capacities, and costs incurred. Depending on the level of integration, cognitive, organizational and financial barriers impede a combination of innovation modes. At this point, regional innovation consultants can affect a successful combination. We derive implications for innovation policy regarding absorptive capacities in SMEs, showing that policy support extends beyond financial services.

Coupled distortional-dilatational failure mode concept for silicone adhesives

Nearly incompressible rubber-like materials, such as silicone adhesives, exhibit two failure modes: dilatational and distortional failure. The former corresponds to the formation and growth of cavities owing to triaxial deformation. The latter corresponds to fracture due to excessive isochoric deformation, i.e. deformation at constant volume. Both failure modes are typically assessed individually and corresponding failure criteria are often formulated in terms of stresses. However, stress-based descriptions of failure depend explicitly on the choice of constitutive law and the experimental measurement of critical stresses is challenging or even impossible. Therefore, recent studies proposed strain and stretch-based criteria for distortional failure of nearly incompressible hyperelastic materials, that can be obtained directly from optical measurements using digital image correlation.The present work exploits stretch-based descriptions of both failure modes to provide a unified coupled dilatational-distortional failure criterion which describes the complete failure surface of nearly incompressible silicone adhesives or rubber-like materials in general. For this purpose, we propose a stretch-based cavitation criterion which depends on a single parameter. Distortional failure is described by the Podgórski-criterion formulated in principal stretch space. The coupled dilatational-distortional failure criterion is validated using uniaxial tension, bulge and pancake tests of the nearly incompressible hyperelastic transparent structural silicone sealant DOWSIL™ TSSA. It is shown that the proposed failure criterion captures both the onset of cavitation and ultimate distortional failure in very good agreement with all experiments.

Determination of stresses, strains and failure types in multidirectional laminates under pure bending

Curved structures made of fibre-reinforced plastics tend to show an out-of-plane failure type, when loaded under bending. One method to determine the related tensile strength in thickness direction, is the standardised unfolding test related to ASTM D6415 with L-profile specimens. However, the standard shall be used for unidirectional materials only, which is not the case for multidirectional laminates. Therefore, this publication presents methods to determine the layer-wise stress and strain state as well as occurring failure types of multidirectional laminates. An extension of the Lekhnitski formulae is presented and its results are validated by comparison with high resolution strain measurements by Digital Image Correlation. Based on the analytical solution, a failure analysis using Cuntze’s Failure Mode Concept is conducted. It was revealed, that the failure load and position can be predicted accurately, if a failure type related strength –in-plane or out-of-plane failure– is used. In the presence of [Formula: see text]-layers higher deviations occur between test and prediction and therefore limits the validity of the presented analytical failure analysis.

A new fractional-order hyperchaotic memristor oscillator: Dynamic analysis, robust adaptive synchronization, and its application to voice encryption

Abstract The present study proposes a new fractional-order hyperchaotic memristor oscillator. The proposed system is studied through numerical simulations and analyses, such as the Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation diagrams, and phase portraits. Then, using the sliding mode concept, a robust adaptive control scheme is designed to synchronize the proposed system. The adaptation mechanism is implemented to estimate the unknown parameters of the slave system. Then, the output of the proposed adaptation mechanism is used for the control scheme. The stability of the closed-loop system is proven via a fractional version of the Lyapunov stability theorem and Barbalat's lemma. Numerical simulations of synchronization are shown to investigate the performance of the developed control technique on the uncertain fractional-order hyperchaotic memristor oscillator. Finally, as an engineering application, the proposed fractional-order system is implemented for voice encryption. In this regard, to show the appropriate performance of the proposed system for voice encryption, statistical characteristic of the encryption and decryption processes are performed through different methods including correlation, entropy, root mean square, and root sum of squares.

A pragmatic approach for a 3D material model considering elasto-plastic behaviour, damage initiation by Puck or Cuntze and progressive failure of fibre-reinforced plastics

Fibre reinforced plastics with tough epoxy and thermoplastic matrices are spreading increasingly in many lightweight applications. For an efficient and reliable design the mechanical behaviour, considering non-linear plasticity, various failure modes under complex loading and damage progression, has to be estimated with numerical simulations. Most state-of-the-art continuum damage mechanics models do not consider the non-linear behaviour of the matrix material or are not suited for 3D solid elements. This work proposes a combined 3D continuum damage/plasticity model. It uses a single parameter flow criterion in combination with Cuntze’s Failure Mode Concept (FMC) for intralaminar failure. The FMC requires no iterative fracture angle search as the Action Plane Strength Criterion by Puck (APSC). This work describes details of the developed model like the coupling of the FMC with a degradation model as well as the implementation into Abaqus/Standard. A validation against open-hole tension tests made out of AS4/PEEK from literature is performed. It can be shown that the prediction of experimental failure loads with the FMC as well as with the APSC provides comparable results. The maximum deviations are between -7.85% and +12.85%. However, the computation times for predictions with the FMC are significantly less than with the APSC.

Research on sewage treatment under PPP mode

With the continuous progress of China’s reform and opening-up, China’s market economy is becoming more and more perfect, and the scientific and economic level of our country is getting higher and higher, but with the continuous improvement of economic strength, people’s awareness of environmental protection is getting stronger and stronger, and the requirements for the living environment are also getting higher and higher. Sewage treatment, which plays an important role in environmental protection, has attracted people’s attention. at present, our country mainly treats the sewage produced in production and life through the establishment of sewage treatment plants. PPP mode is a very suitable and popular sewage treatment mode. This paper mainly focuses on the characteristics and concept of PPP mode and the various advantages of using PPP mode to deal with sewage, targeted sewage treatment, reduce water pollution, better achieve the goal of energy-saving and emission reduction, and protect the environment.

Design of Fuzzy Super Twisting Sliding Mode Control Scheme for Unknown Full Vehicle Active Suspension Systems Using an Artificial Bee Colony Optimization Algorithm

AbstractThis article proposes a new intelligent control scheme that uses the Fuzzy Super Twisting Sliding Mode Concept (FSTSMC) and PID controller tuned with the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm to control a full vehicle active suspension system with new convergence proof. Suspension systems are utilized to provide vehicle safety and improve comfortable driving. The effects of road roughness transmitted by tires to the vehicle body can be reduced by using suspension systems. In this work super twisting sliding mode is combined with a fuzzy system to design a robust control method. The super twisting sliding mode concept is utilized to limit and minimize the chattering problem and the fuzzy system is used for estimating the unknown parameters and uncertainty in the suspension system components (spring, damper, and actuator). The advantage of such combination is that it can handle the uncertainties and nonlinearities efficiently. The PID controller is used to create the required force to be produced by the actuator. The proposed control scheme consists of four similar sub control schemes, one for each of the four corners of the vehicle. All parameters in the sub control schemes are optimized using the ABC algorithm. The designed control system is applied for a full vehicle model with 8 degrees of freedom. Simulation results show large reduction in the vibration of the vehicle body when passing on disturbance and also show good robustness properties when tested for different road conditions. Passive and active suspension systems using sliding modecontrol (SMC) and the proposed FSTSMC are compared to test the efficiency and the ability of the proposed control scheme to achieve safe and comfortable driving for a random road profile.

Implementation of System Operation Modes for Health Management and Failure Prognosis in Cyber-Physical Systems.

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) have sophisticated control mechanisms that help achieve optimal system operations and services. These mechanisms, imply considering multiple signal inputs in parallel, to timely respond to varying working conditions. Despite the advantages that control mechanisms convey, they bring new challenges in terms of failure prevention. The compensatory action the control exerts cause a fault masking effect, hampering fault diagnosis. Likewise, the multiple information inputs CPSs have to process can affect the timely system response to faults. This article proposes a failure prognosis method, which combines time series-based forecasting methods with statistically based classification techniques in order to investigate system degradation and failure forming on system levels. This method utilizes a new approach based on the concept of the system operation mode (SOM) that offers a novel perspective for health management that allows monitoring the system behavior, through the frequency and duration of SOMs. Validation of this method was conducted by systematically injecting faults in a cyber-physical greenhouse testbed. The obtained results demonstrate that the degradation and fault forming process can be monitored by analyzing the changes of the frequency and duration of SOMs. These indicators made possible to estimate the time to failure caused by various failures in the conducted experiments.

On the Downlink Capacity of Cell-Free Massive MIMO with Constrained Fronthaul Capacity.

We investigate the downlink of a cell-free massive multiple-in multiple-out system in which all access points (APs) are connected in a linear-topolpgy fronthaul with constrained capacity and send a common message to a single receiver. By modeling the system as an extension of the multiple-access channel with partially cooperating encoders, we derive the channel capacity of the two-AP setting and then extend the results to arbitrary N-AP scenarios. By developing a cooperating mode concept, we investigate the optimal cooperation among the encoders (APs) when we limit the total fronthaul capacity, and the total transmit power is constrained as well. It is demonstrated that achieving capacity requires a water-pouring distribution of the total available fronthaul capacity over the fronthaul links. Our study reveals that a linear growth of total fronthaul capacity results in a logarithmic growth of the beamforming capacity. Moreover, even if the number of APs would be unlimited, only a finite number of them need to be activated. We found an expression for this number.

Reaction wheel fault‐tolerant finite‐time control for spacecraft attitude tracking without unwinding

SummaryThis article proposes fault‐tolerant finite‐time attitude tracking control of a rigid spacecraft actuated by four reaction wheels without unwinding problem in the presence of external disturbances, uncertain inertia parameter, and actuator faults. First, a novel antiunwinding finite‐time attitude tracking control law is derived with a designed control signal which works within a known actuator‐magnitude constraint using a continuous nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode (NFTSM) concept. Second, a finite‐time disturbance observer (FTDO) is introduced to estimate a lumped disturbance due to external disturbances, uncertain inertia parameter, actuator faults, and input saturation. Third, a composite controller is developed which consists of a feedback control based on the continuous NFTSM method and compensation term based on the FTDO. The global finite‐time stability is proved using Lyapunov stability theory. Moreover, the singularity and unwinding phenomenon are avoided. Simulation results are conducted under actuator constraints in the presence of external disturbances, inertia uncertainty, and actuator faults and results are illustrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. In addition, to show the superiority of the proposed control method over the recently reported control methods, comparative analysis is also presented.