IT Concepts Research Articles

Ugotavljanje avtorstva in materialnost zgodnjenovoveških dramskih besedil

The digitization of texts and the advent of big data analyses have transformed our understanding of authorship and collaboration in early modern drama. However, these advancements ought to be carefully contextualized within the material realities of early modern playwriting. The scarcity of surviving dramatic manuscripts underscores the significant role of agents like compositors, printers and editors, and the loss of the majority of plays from English commercial theatres casts doubt on the reliability of comparisons based on unique or common verbal parallels. The article focuses on drama from the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods, particularly the recently proposed collaboration between Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare on the Henry VI plays. Applying the IT concept of GIGO (garbage in, garbage out), it highlights the impact of textual transmission intricacies on authorship attribution, emphasizing that even the most sophisticated attribution techniques are only as reliable as the (often unreliable) data they utilize.

From Analog to Algorithm

In the digital age, the current Management literature remains heavily rooted in anthropocentric and analog perspectives, often overlooking the profound influence of algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI) in modern organizational dynamics. To this end, this systematic literature review seeks to bridge this gap by exploring the evolving landscape of AI in organizations and the role of the Actor-Network Theory (ANT) as a theoretical-methodological lens for understanding AI’s impact on Management. Through a systematic literature review, we address research on the utilization of AI in Management over the past decade, the applications of ANT in non-IT or non-AI management studies, and studies explaining IT or AI concepts via ANT. Our findings highlight a significant research gap in understanding human-machine interactions and Business Management within organizations that use AI. Additionally, we identify potential avenues for future scholarly contributions, emphasizing the need for a more integrated approach that considers human and machine actors in organizational contexts.

Patient-individual 3D-printing of drugs within a machine-learning-assisted closed-loop medication management – Design and first results of a feasibility study

3D-printing of medicines is an innovative manufacturing method that is characterised by a high degree of digitalisation and automation and enables patient-specific care. Its integration into routine healthcare processes currently fails mainly due to the requirements of a digital environment. Our hospital was the first hospital in Europe to introduce a fully comprehensive patient record in 2011 and to digitalise and automate the drug supply process.The aim of our study is to evaluate the integration of a machine-learning assisted 3D printing of medicines into the already existing, fully digital medication process of the hospital (closed-loop medication management, CLMM). Here, the design of this feasibility study and first results of subprojects are presented.First, a suitable and clinically relevant active ingredient (levodopa/carbidopa) was identified in a multi-step approach by an interdisciplinary panel of experts using defined evaluation criteria, taking into account galenic, clinical and machine learning aspects. In the next step, a galenic formulation using a suitable printing technology for manufacturing a drug according to pharmaceutical quality criteria in different dosages is to be developed and to be evaluated for compliance with quality criteria according to the European Pharmacopoeia. Furthermore, an IT concept was developed and adapted to the hospital's current IT infrastructure. Likewise, a machine learning algorithm is to be developed to determine the optimal dose for each individual patient using data from smart wearable devices. For this purpose, a clinical trial was set up as a proof-of-principle study for the use of wearables to detect and grade clinical symptoms from Parkinson’s Disease. Finally, the process is to be connected to the digital medication process of the hospital taking into account regulatory requirements.Thus, this interdisciplinary feasibility study will provide important insights into the possibilities of integrating patient-specific 3D printing of medicines into everyday clinical practice in the hospital.

Cyber-physical Shooting Gallery

While much has been written on the dire need for workers who understand both the IT and OT core concepts necessary to protect the cyber-physical systems of critical infrastructure, practical and specific recommendations for how to meet this need through education and workforce training are lacking. Many of the available programs for teaching cybersecurity of physical systems rely on virtual simulations and students may not encounter relevant physical equipment until they are in the workplace. RADICL’s Cyber-physical Shooting Gallery is a critical missing piece toward a comprehensive system to develop the competent workforce the nation needs. Through a series of cyber-physical capture-the-flag challenges that integrate the Purdue ICS Model with the MITRE ATT&CK framework, the Cyber-physical Shooting Gallery provides an accessible educational model for cyber-physical security education and training.

Ecotechnology of Hilsa-Seed Productions Digitally Under Fresh-Water-Ecology Whereas Hilsa-Seeds Can Be Boon To Experiment In Marine-Cages For Growths World-Wide, Which-Ever Countries May Opt The Best

Since decades authors are bit panicked from the then theory of Central dogma unless the rescue actions taken by all the immense bio-molecules of fats and lipids of Hilsa species that savoir mankind. Hilsa as a diet can adequately support and can protect the esteem mankind from any disasters and dealt the theory ‘Beyond the central dogma’ by virtue of developing all necessary immunities for every peaceful human being of mankind. All we may know protein may be immense needful however most proteins are hazardous unless the same is well protected with Fats. Hilsa species is such a species can provide adequate quality Fats to mankind and help us to remain protected from any evil of proteins or Virus. May be our esteem need to popularize Hilsa species globally that goes to marine. Hilsa often a marine species grown most time in marine environments under all known water qualities. Natural migration of Hilsa owing to seed production may not possible in all marine environments since migration are extremely slow in marine environments and takes prolonged times before the species to the other part of the world since aging Hisla survives around 10 – 12 years prior to that species re-enter the well known fresh waters of certain qualities unlike marine routes. Hence Hilsa species remained confined in few marine pockets only and can be inducted elsewhere marine cages, Hilsa breed under fresh waters conditions when Hilsa seeds produced under controlled Ecotechnology and again can be recruited in marine cages worldwide. All fish migrates owing to physiological requirements. This migration is based on water qualities, food and light and temperature. Usually Juvenille Hilsa species prefer a high TDS marine environments. During the breeding seasons Hilsa migrates to the as low as low TDS (< 110ppm) of waters and whenever species get a suitable osmotic-pressure or optimum Total Dissolved Solids i.e. TDS then Hilsa to breed. According to all water qualities with ranges of different parameters, intensity of light and coolness temperature are the criteria in Ecotechnology of Hilsa Breeding. In earlier days attempts were made reversedly when adult Hilsa species were tried to grow in fresh-waters and all Hilsa could not survived and projects remained unsuccessful. Present communications with mere IT, Ecotechnology, and biotechnological concepts can popularize Hilsa. May Hilsa in marine cages of TDS in a range of 190 TO 550 ppm get successful since its’ immense scientific ease globally. Hilsa may be the best quality fish so far known today due its high quality bio-molecular substances and prolific values.

Efficient complexity based adaptive system for cloud resources

Cloud computing is a new IT concept, that is no longer solely applicable to the economic system however as nicely very beneficial in science. The issue of asset distribution and income expansion is likewise similarly significant, particularly about cloud security. This achieves the need of various displaying strategies including however not restricted, to security danger, asset assignment, and income boost models. These offerings are billed on a utilization basis. The cloud services are provided by the CSPs to the end users in an optimized way by using our mathematical proposed algorithm. This proposed algorithm is simulated in the cloud simulator. It prompts financially savvy arrangements by lessening the execution season of enormous application testing. As a piece of framework assets, cloud testing can accomplish its productivity by dealing with the boundaries like organization traffic, Circle Stockpiling, and Smash speed. In this paper, we propose another fluffy numerical model to accomplish a superior degree for the above boundaries. The results of the outcomes informs that the proposed algorithm CROS (Cloud Resource Optimized System) performances are better.

Institutional Theory: Relevance to Supply Chains

Since it was first introduced in the mid-1970s, Institutional Theory has been extensively employed in management research. Previous studies, across disciplines, have mostly used organizations as a unit of analysis. Very few studies apply institutional theory concepts to supply chains. Supply chains are defined by interorganizational processes which conform to organizational fields, a central construct of the new institutional theory. Supply chain, therefore, forms an appropriate unit of analysis for an examination of IT concepts. By relating the fundamental elements of the theory to supply chains, this paper attempts to establish the conceptual validity of institutional theory to supply chains.

Building Green Smart City Capabilities in South Sumatra, Indonesia

Information and communication technology is currently developing rapidly. It has created a great number of opportunities for governments worldwide to meet the demands of the public in providing services including environmentally friendly public services for the community and citizens. This study aims to present a case study on public services of South Sumatra government programs in order to develop a green smart city concept by combining smart city and green IT concepts which aim to align and incorporate green IT components, including pollution prevention, product stewardship, and clean technology into conceptual variants, essential elements, and strategic principles. A smart city is an innovative and modern concept utilising technology to facilitate and provide public information and to improve environmentally friendly public services through smart applications. South Sumatera is one of the provinces in Indonesia that has been implementing a smart city to provide environmentally friendly public services through the command centre. It is used to monitor an entire government agency’s activities and communicates with the public. To fulfil the aims of the study, this study identifies the comprehensive environmentally friendly public services through Natural Resource-Based View Theory perspectives. In addition, this study deploys in-depth interviews with sources or informants as a form of data search and direct observation. The number of informants used as research respondents consisted of several elements of the government, including the executive, legislative, and implementing agencies. The study reveals that the South Sumatera Government has several environmentally friendly public services that could be deployed to prevent pollution and reduce the emission in their activities. Further, the government in South Sumatra has product and service stewardships and invests in clean technology to minimise the adverse impacts of their activities on the environment.

The Impact of Serious Games in Economic and Business Education: A Case of ERP Business Simulation

Digitalisation nowadays impacts business environments significantly. Therefore, if higher education wants to educate students properly for a successful career path, the business and economics curriculum must be enriched with innovative teaching approaches covering actual topics, such as, for example, the implementation of the ERPsim business simulation, a representative of serious games. The ERPsim business simulation is based on SAP ERP, and is aimed at teaching ERP concepts. It covers different business processes, and allows students to learn using a hands-on approach, simulating real-life scenarios. The presented research focuses on using an ERPsim business simulation as the introduction to the course. The simulation was implemented to ease the introduction of ERP and IT concepts to the business and economic oriented students. Considering the positive effects of serious games and gamification, our research was formed and focused on knowledge acquisition and future student engagement. We researched whether participation in the introductory simulation results in significant knowledge gain and impacts students’ future course engagement. The data were gathered using a self-assessment questionnaire before and after an introductory simulation. The results were highly positive, confirming many positive aspects of business simulation, among others, significant knowledge increase in the domains of business process and ERP transactions, and in the domain of technical knowledge for SAP ERP. The results confirmed that the introductory simulation is appropriate for introducing ERP concepts to newcomers, and, nevertheless, confirmed the positive impact on their intent on future course engagement.

Offline situational game for teaching IT systems

There are still many offline methodologies and playable games out there for teaching various curriculum elements. These games help the students in understanding difficult IT concepts. This approach is called “Computer Science Unplugged” or CSUnplugged in short. As an example, think about sorting algorithms, binary numbers, data structures, or databases. In the following article, we would like to introduce a new situational game that focuses on software systems, and network communications by simulating multiple programmable devices, that communicate with each other in real-time. We believe that the game makes the students activities and helps them to understand critical and important terms in an interesting and playful way. The game is a simulation of a smart home system in a classroom environment and does not need any digital devices.

Risk and Opportunity Analysis of Tesla Motors Inc. Marketing Strategy and Business Ethics Study

Winning the Top 500 World Brands in 2018, Tesla is working hard to cover a variety of categories including high-end sports cars and luxury cars. As a leader in the "new car movement", Tesla from Silicon Valley is committed to building cars with IT concepts, and it is not a traditional car manufacturer's thinking represented by Detroit. This paper undertakes a full marketing audit to evaluate Tesla’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to many other car manufacturers using PEST, SWOT and USP models. Based on the above issues, the business process of external supply chain management is proposed: information-technology outreach, upstream management of docking, overall coordination and co-existence, and analysis of node elements and evaluation schemes are feasible. Besides, the recent accidents regarding the brake caliper bolts failure, battery charging, and pilot driving are also mentioned in this review. Corresponding recommendations are also provided for the improvement of moral images in the end.

Towards Individualized Production with Flexible Shopfloor IT based on Distributed OPC UA Services

Nowadays, manufacturers face the problems to adjust their production according to the fast-changing global competition. Car manufacturers, for example, are in front of a new era of individual mobility. They need to switch from combustion engines to electric drives. In general, manufacturers have to develop production strategies to lower set up time and meet requirements faster. The classical production line is most effective if the product variety is low and the lot size is high but facing the rapid growing demand for individualized products and fast-changing requirements, manufacturers must discover new ways of manufacturing. One possibility is the flexible shopfloor. In this work, we will present our concept of a flexible shopfloor IT for controlling a robotic demonstrator. We use OPC UA over TSN as a platform for communication and CODESYS as Soft SPS for the control of sensors and actuators. In order to create valid data for ongoing discussions we use function point analysis and counting lines of sourcecode to measure software size. Our expectation is that the initial effort for implementing a flexible shopfloor IT is higher compared to the classic approach, but for all the following implementation it will take less time, because of the possibility of reuse already developed systems.

Information Technology - A Veritable Tool For National Development

Purpose: Information Technology has become an indispensable tool in the achievement of remarkable feats - advances in health, agriculture, education, effective and efficient business solutions in the western world; whereas, in the African domain, only meager efforts has been made to exploit and leverage the merits of IT. The focus of this paper is to elucidate the concept of IT, its evolution, and challenges in the African setting; and ultimately a roadmap is proffered on how to leverage IT for National development.Methodology: To produce tangible inferences tailored at the solutions to the challenges mitigating the optimal utility of IT in the African setting, relevant data focused on IT, its evolution, challenges, advances, current state, and usage were gathered from literature most relevant to the subject matter via eBooks, articles, and first-hand observation. The modeled concept here constitutes a discuss on the meaning and applications of IT; the evolution of IT; a survey of national development constraints of African countries, threats and impediments to IT utility in the African domain; and ultimately a roadmap for IT in improving National development with better policies in Africa.Results: Based on the problem domain, the findings of this study imply that the drawbacks to the optimal utility of IT in the African setting are primarily socially induced, economic-related, driven by lagging policies, and less of technicalities or gadgetry. The proffered solutions focus on the adjustment of regulations, policies, and individual efforts that promote healthy IT practices to facilitate National development.Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: This study brings to light the major drawbacks mitigating the leveraging of IT in National development in the African setting; it further demonstrates that a blend of an adjustment of policies and regulations, and healthy IT practices/habits by individual as novel approach play a key role in curbing the challenges in question and ultimately yield a significant improvement in the utility of IT in fostering National Development in the African setting.

ICT sustainable management: towards a better alignment with the sustainable development strategy

The impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in terms of Sustainable Development (SD) has led to a great transformation in business management, which positions innovation as an essential element of differentiation for the new market conquest. These ICT, that are particularly adapted, allow creating value for the company in a sustainable way and more aligned with the global SD strategy while ensuring to bring competitive advantage and anticipate new economic, social and environmental problems. To implement an innovation approach that gives organizations the means to develop sustainable management strategies, allowing them to increase overall performance, we proposed the "ICT Sustainable Management" model which is designed according to a Green IT (GIT) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) concepts in order to seek new transition ways for management serving SD. Our model constitutes a first research step to lead reflection on next-generation SD-oriented management models. For this reason, we consider it more appropriate to approve the validity of our model through its application on different categories of companies that use ICT. Analysis of the results of this application test has demonstrated the validity of our model at the scale of five companies. This initial validation will be supported by improvements and new tests that will be extremely useful to improve the model and to advance knowledge in this new field of research.

“Institutional Trap”: Both a Productive Concept and a Fine Metaphor

This paper is a reaction to the polemical article by Andrei Vernikov, How much substance is there behind the concept of Trap? (Journal of Institutional Studies, 2020, 12(2), pp. 25–37). This article concludes that there is no necessary scientific rigor and constructiveness of the concept of (IT), and therefore it is proposed to introduce a kind of academic ostracism in the form of a scientific moratorium on this concept in the form of its ban on the pages of academic journals and in the programs of training courses. The proposed article shows that the term IT has all the properties of strictness when defined at the verbal, i.e. the most generalized, level. At the same time, it is demonstrated that when switching to specific model constructions, the concept of IT acquires mathematical rigor and applied operationality, which is confirmed by a large number of IT models developed in Russia and abroad. The article also refutes A. Vernikov's Lemma, according to which there is no economic or social phenomenon in modern Russia that cannot be declared an trap. This is done using such striking counterexamples as the liquidity trap and the Malthusian trap, which do not fall under the definition of IT. Special attention is paid to identifying differences in terms of IT, Institute dysfunction and lock-in effect. Typical errors in the use of the term IT are demonstrated and it is proved that the fault for this lies with the authors who produce errors, and not with the term that does not contain any specific flaws. The thesis is put forward that the purity of the terminological field of institutional analysis should be provided by the expert community at the stage of reviewing articles, and not by methods of prohibiting scientific concepts. It is concluded that the popularity of the term IT is due to the fact that it is both a strict scientific concept and a beautiful metaphor.

Development of a Pragmatic IT Concept for a Construction Company

The paper focuses on developing a comprehensive and pragmatic IT strategy for low-margin construction activities, which forms part of the realignment of the general business strategy and on refocusing the operational model. The main elements of the IT strategy formation are analysis of the current IT environment in terms of software and hardware, carrying out a gap analysis, and developing individual functional digitalization strategies in construction execution based on BIM (Building Information Modeling), business administration processes, communication, business intelligence (BI) and reporting, and data security. Further, a large emphasis is given to the sustainable strategy implementation in terms of hardware and software readjustments, their integration, user trainings, and defining the way forward. Research methodology and initial, chosen results of an extended questionnaire and construction company staff interviews are presented.

Wiki use for knowledge integration and learning: A three tier conceptualization

This study was conducted to explain the factors influencing wiki-mediated learning by integrating learner characteristics, environmental factors, and the knowledge-building function of teamwork on a wiki platform by using two theoretical tracks from the literature on wiki: adoption continuance and knowledge management in collaborative teams. An online survey (self-report study) was administered to undergraduate students in three sections of an introductory IT concepts class at a northeastern U.S. university. The results indicated that social presence is the most significant factor because it is not only related to both perceived usefulness and team cognitive elaboration but also directly related to perceived learning. Social presence is a construct from the Transactional distance theory and Computer-Mediated Communication that have been previously applied in both theoretical tracks as environmental factors for effective online learning. In theory, by adding relevant learner characteristics constructs, an environmental factor, and team knowledge management constructs in an integrated model of learning in the wiki for collaborative teamwork context, we bridge a major gap in wiki-related research for education. In practice, we conclude that learners in a wiki-based group project environment must perceive presence through social interaction with their teammates, classmates, teaching assistants, and instructors to improve the learning experience and outcome.

Framework proposal for the environmental impact assessment of universities in the context of Green IT

Abstract The concept of Green IT refers to sustainable technologies and information systems as well as environmentally friendly IT practices. Universities, which hold responsibility for propagating and applying knowledge, play an important role as disseminators of ideas related to Green IT. A framework that considers an environmental impact assessment to assist universities in the adoption of measures related to Green IT is proposed. The proposed framework consists of ten steps aligned with one another and with the goals of Green IT and highlights the possibility of using computer simulation to analyze environmental metrics. To exemplify the use of simulation, a case study was performed in the context of Green IT linked to sustainable universities. The environmental impact evaluation measured total consumption of electric energy, total energy cost and CO2 emission of three computer laboratories in a university. It was verified that the laboratory that obtained the largest CO2 emission was the Mining Engineering Laboratory in the second semester of 2018, totaling 0.0761 tCO2. By measuring the environmental metrics, it was possible to have an awareness of the quantitative environmental impact and to identify probable actions to continuously monitor and mitigate such impacts. Furthermore, by using computer simulation to compare base scenarios already programmed in a previous evaluation to newly generated scenarios, greater agility is afforded in the process of new evaluations.

IT 業界の第四世代の発展パターン ─ IBM WATSONによる分析事例 ─

IT 業界の第四世代の発展パターン ─ IBM WATSONによる分析事例 ─

Assessment of interfacial viscoelastic properties of Faba bean (Vicia faba) protein-adsorbed O/W layers as a function of pH

Interfacial rheology may be regarded as a powerful tool dominating the dynamics of complex fluid-fluid interfaces. More specifically, rheological properties from shear measurements have been postulated as the most useful technique for the assessment of the microstructure of complex fluid-fluid interfaces, and its relationship to long-term emulsion stability. The aim of this work was to evaluate the interfacial properties of Faba bean (FB) protein as a function of protein concentration and pH value (3.0, 5.0 and 8.0). The comparison between results obtained from dilatational and interfacial shear measurements provides accurate details related to the microstructure of the protein at the O/W interface. Viscoelastic moduli of the protein adsorbed at the O/W interface were obtained through dilatational measurements (Tracker, IT Concept), as well as interfacial SAOS measurements, using a double wall-ring geometry fitted to a DHR3 rheometer (TA Intruments). Results from dilatational rheology indicate that proteins are able to form a film at O/W interface, whose strength depends on the pH value (where E’ ranges from 2.0·10−2 Pa m at pH 5.0 to 5.5·10−3 Pa m at pH 8.0). However, these measurements have shown to be less sensitive to pH modifications than interfacial shear viscoelastic measurements. Regardless of the pH value, interfacial shear measurements can follow the evolution of the viscoelastic behaviour of the O/W interfacial layer over the development of the protein gel network, as protein adsorption proceeds. This evolution indicates that protein adsorption takes place much faster at pH 3.0 and 5.0 than at pH 8.0.