Concept Of Hero Research Articles

Notes on the political economy of war

Written in an essayistic style, this paper explores some of the facets of the complex dynamics of modern warfare, probing the dynamic nature of conflicts; the role of technology and technological progress – the means of destruction as distinguished from the means of production – in modern war; the role of the United States in the globalization of warfare; asymmetric war between civilization and barbarism; and new distinctions between good and bad war, together with new concepts of heroism and mercenaryism. The paper also touches on the socio-cultural impacts of war, including its potential to foster unity or exacerbate divisions within societies.

Heroism Values in Indonesian History Textbooks Indonesian History Grade XI Curriculum 2013

Indonesia has experienced colonialism from Europeans and Japanese occupation. Europeans initially sought spices in eastern Indonesia. Over time, Europeans wanted to control these goods which then tried to control the territory of Indonesia which was famous for its natural wealth. Kingdoms/sultanates that previously controlled parts of Indonesia began to experience unrest. Then came the heroic attitude, an attitude that fought for the rights and territories it controlled without interference from other parties. In the field of education, the concept of heroism is instilled through material in school textbooks. Through this research, the author analyzes the compulsory textbook of Indonesian History grade XI based on the 2013 curriculum. This book consists of seven chapters and the author analyzes the value of heroism in several chapters of this book. The purpose of this research is to analyze the values of heroism in the textbook. This research uses a qualitative approach with a discourse analysis method, with history textbooks as the subject. Based on the analysis, it is found that some passages contain the value of heroism. The author can conclude that the Indonesian history textbook grade 11 in 2013 contains the value of heroism.

The Image of The Hero in J.M. Synge’s Play The Playboy of the Western World

This study will try to show that John Millington Synge (1871-1909) blended metaphysics, mythology and reality to produce an image of the ideal type of individual needed as the savior of Ireland, in particular, and mankind, in general. The hero concept is best understood as a rather curious and obsessional example of a spiritual phenomenon that reached something of a climax in the nineteenth century, most notably is the thought of Hegel, Ludwig Feuerbach, Thomas Carlyle, August Comte, Marx, and Nietzsche, namely, the uneasy substitution of purely secular objects of veneration for the traditional transcendental ones. Worship of God gave way to worship of man and human society – man as individual in capitalism and society in Marxism. This albeit gave rise to leaders like Hitler, Mussolini and all third world leaders in the first half of the 20th century. The playboy draws on the myth of the dying god or king who renews his life for the benefit of the community. In addition, in his preface to Playboy, Synge places himself in the mainstream of realism: "It is possible for a writer to be rich and copious in his words and at the same time to give the reality, which is the root of all poetry, to a comprehensive and natural form", thus he blends mythology and reality. As for metaphysics, Synge's definition of the literary qualities, or nature, of drama is extremely wide. He says, for example, "Art is but expression" (Works, II, 95). And the problem of the artist is that he feels "the inexpressible … We have walked with God" (Ibid).

From a Historical Hero/Demigod/Titan to an Influencer

For young people, there is practically no distinction between a celebrity and an authority, a demigod, and an influencer. In practice, the historical heroes are almost unknown in many conversations. On the other hand, popular influencers are completely unrelated to the older generation. A certain definitional chaos can be observed among contemporary Polish youth. In this article, we want to present basic definitional concepts that are an example of generational change. In our opinion, the change in meaning of the concept of a hero is best captured by a generation of young people who probably understand the concept of hero in a different way than it was understood 30 or 40 years ago. The research method will be a questionnaire, and the research tool will be an internet questionnaire. The research group will be selected purposefully—with a minimum of 30 respondents aged 19-24, using new media. The collected data will be analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. It should be emphasized that research conducted on a purposefully selected group cannot be generalized for the entire population. However, it will shed light on the way of changing the meaning of this concept and the perception of contemporary heroes, who are often identified with influencers.

Heroes and heroism as representations of collective memory

The article presents the results of the interdisciplinary philosophical-sociological study of heroism. In the theoretical introductory part, the authors conducted the semiotic analysis of the concept of heroism in the context of the concept of chronotope in Western-European culture; identified the constants of the Russian semantics of the ‘hero’, ‘heroism’ and ‘heroic’; described the dynamics of changes in the meanings of the ‘heroic’, ‘deed’ and ‘feat’. The sociological approach follows the philosophical understanding of heroism and considers this phenomenon through a social relationship (In N.K. Mikhailovsky’s perspective). To comprehend the relationship between the hero and the crowd, the authors refer to such sociological approaches as creative and relational theories of social action and P. Donati’s relational sociology. The empirical part presents the results of the sociological survey of 1,350 Russians from different generations in eight federal districts; thus, the authors consider the concepts of hero and heroism as representations of collective (historical) memory. The empirical study consisted of two parts: the first one focused on the collective memory of Russians and their historical knowledge, the second one - on heroes and heroism in the interpretation of the Soviet and post-Soviet generations. The results of the first part show the general weakening of collective memory, and the events of older history are less interesting and less known than, for example, those of the Soviet period. Most of the significant events in the Russian history are perceived as triumphant, not as traumatic, and most military campaigns, including the current ones, are perceived through the figure of the winner, not the loser. Respondents believe that there was more heroism in the past. Heroism is associated with such personal qualities as strength, activity, a sense of duty, desire to save others not for profit, the ability not to give up even in the most difficult situation. The hero is perceived not only as a savior, but also as a truth-seeker, which is especially significant for Soviet generations.

Cultural murals and the evolving nature of the hero concept: an arts marketing context

PurposeThe authors provide an understanding of how the hero identity is culturally constructed and evolving. The authors focus on heroism within an arts marketing framework through an interrogation of Northern Ireland murals. In this paper, the authors elaborate on the links between arts marketing thought and the notion of hero and draw conclusions around what the authors see as a fruitful area for arts marketing theory.Design/methodology/approachThe authors have adopted a narrative approach, incorporating biographical method, visual analysis and ethnography in interpreting cultural murals. The authors assess representative examples in Northern Ireland using a thematic framework.FindingsThe murals the authors assessed have evolved from having a specific community focus to increasing numbers which now represent a “shared”, and therefore more modern version of the hero.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors identify an emerging, aesthetically balanced portrayal of cultural murals, with a different set of heroic priorities compared to the past, which should encourage further related research elsewhere.Practical implicationsNorthern Ireland murals are no longer the preserve of specific communities and are now also shared spaces which appeal to both the local population and cultural tourists.Originality/valueAlthough analysis and evaluation of political murals has been carried out in other disciplines, the authors add to the limited insight from an arts marketing perspective.

The Archetype of Hero in Family Businesses

For family business advisors and consultants, the analysis of their client’s shared narrative helps them understand their business and family dynamics and the reality they have built together. Understanding the language of family mythology and the behavior of the narrative processes, can help positively to reinforce the purpose and meaning of their legacy and its transmission. In this article readers will learn how Joseph Campbell’s Monomyth of the Hero concept fits with the founder/entrepreneur myth in a family business, and how making it conscious can be used as a coherent tool that brings true meaning and inspiration to every family member in every generation.

Representation of Junzi and Wen-Wu as Confucian Hero in Character Mei Changsu on TV Drama Langya Bang

The Chinese television historical drama has attracted world attention. Langya Bang is a successful television drama serial that is considered a social media phenomenon. This research was conducted to explore the heroic aspects of Mei Changsu based on the concept of heroism according to the Confucian teaching. This qualitative descriptive research used John Fiske’s television semiotics method that consisted of three levels: reality level, representation level and ideology level. The results show that at reality level analysis, looking from clothing, appearance, way of speaking, behavior, body movement, expression and environment codes, we can conclude that the protagonist Mei Changsu was represented as a warrior, a scholar and a prince, and can also be considered as a Junzi or a superhero figure with the concept of wen-wu who internalized the virtues in the Confucian teaching. At the representation level, the technical and conventional codes represent the five Confucian ethics are reflected through camera, lighting, music, and audio aspects and at ideology level we can conclude collectivism ideology and patriarchal leadership. Through a semiotic meaning study and the use of television code, we can understand that the television media Langya Bang is the medium to promote traditional Chinese culture and also indirect way to understand the Confucian teaching, in this case is about Confucian ideal of cultivating individual and responsible leader, who devoted to rules for the benefit of society. The representation of Confucianism in the storyline of Langya Bang is important in legalizing the unity of culture, that is Chinese culture.

Generation Z and its heroes

The article was prepared on the basis of the results of the sociological research “Social networks and electoral potential”. The research methods included conducting focus groups involving young people aged 17 to 25 and subsequent content analysis of the data obtained. The purpose of the survey was to identify the opinion of young people about the heroes of our time, the concept of heroism and heroic professions. The study is unique in its analysis of the blogosphere and bloggers from the point of view of contemporary heroism and the identification of the social networks role in this process. The results of the study showed that Generation Z is striving to acquire a social mission in their activities and the theme of heroism moves into the plane of everyday life: everyone can become a hero.

Герои и супергерои в сознании подростков

The article gives the rationale for the importance of the category of the heroic in adolescents’ consciousness. The article presents the findings of the study of the view of heroism of Russians (M=79) and Israelis (M=66). The specialized semantic differential and survey were used as research tools. The author has identified factors helping to categorize the image of heroes when perceiving them. The study has shown that identification of a hero with images of superheroes being characters of American blockbuster films dominate in the consciousness of Russian adolescents. The semantics of the hero concept has been specified. The attitude of adolescents to the heroic characters of feature films “A Story about a Real Man”, “Son of Saul”, and “Iron Man” has been determined. The author has concluded that the transformation of traditional semantics of the heroic in the sampling of Russian adolescents is more pronounced compared to Israelites.

Национальные характеры в татарской советской драматургии 1970-1980-х годов (на примере творчества Туфана Миннуллина)

The paper aims to identify the peculiarities of the creation of national characters in Tatar Soviet dramaturgy of the 1970-1980s. The scientific originality of the research consists in the attempt to reveal the regular patterns of ideological and aesthetic development of Tatar stage literature during the period under consideration through the concept of national hero. As a result of the research, it has been revealed that changing the concept of hero by creating new characters with strong Tatar mentality, loyal to moral principles, folk foundations, national traditions leads to the changes in the artistic world of dramatic works.

Beyond Anpanman the (Super)hero: Investigating Figures of Hero and Idol in BTS’s Songs

Released in May 2018, the song “Anpanman” by the world’s most popular K-Pop boy group to date, BTS, shares the idea of being a hero by setting an example from the Japanese superhero Anpanman. Anpanman, whose head is made of red bean paste-filled pastry, is well-known for his superpower ability to share parts of his head to those in need. This humble and self-sacrifice mode of helping others seems to be the basic idea of the song, to represent what BTS is about. This essay aims to further dissect the song lyrics of “Anpanman” to show the ambivalence presented between the concept of hero and superhero (termed here as (super)hero). The discussion goes further to juxtaposing the concept of hero/superhero with idol, a term used as another one of BTS’s songs “Idol”. Considering that in K-Pop, being an idol is practically a dream job, it is therefore paramount that in discussing the songs, this essay highlights the paradox of what it means to be a hero/superhero with an idol. Within the frame of network analysis, the discussion is conducted specifically along the line of the effects that digital culture has, which helps the spreading of BTS’s popularity and persona globally. In this light, this essay argues that beyond the songs, a problematic view on what it means to be a hero and an idol is projected. Ultimately, the discussion concludes that such an ambivalent view potentially leads to a reconceptualization of a superhero figure.Released in May 2018, the song “Anpanman” by the world’s most popular K-Pop boy group to date, BTS, shares the idea of being a hero by setting an example from the Japanese superhero Anpanman. Anpanman, whose head is made of red bean paste-filled pastry, is well-known for his superpower ability to share parts of his head to those in need. This humble and self-sacrifice mode of helping others seems to be the basic idea of the song, to represent what BTS is about. This essay aims to further dissect the song lyrics of “Anpanman” to show the ambivalence presented between the concept of hero and superhero (termed here as (super)hero). The discussion goes further to juxtaposing the concept of hero/superhero with idol, a term used as another one of BTS’s songs “Idol”. Considering that in K-Pop, being an idol is practically a dream job, it is therefore paramount that in discussing the songs, this essay highlights the paradox of what it means to be a hero/superhero with an idol. Within the frame of network analysis, the discussion is conducted specifically along the line of the effects that digital culture has, which helps the spreading of BTS’s popularity and persona globally. In this light, this essay argues that beyond the songs, a problematic view on what it means to be a hero and an idol is projected. Ultimately, the discussion concludes that such an ambivalent view potentially leads to a reconceptualization of a superhero figure.

Сопоставительное исследование концепта ГЕРОЙ в русском и французском языках

The paper aims to identify specificity of the HERO concept representation in the modern Russian and French languages. The research objectives are as follows: to provide a comparative analysis of the linguistic means creating a national hero image as a component of national and cultural identity, to examine the changes the HERO concept undergoes in the epoch of neo-liberal globalization. The problem of the HERO concept representation is analysed in terms of open cultural environment, the researcher for the first time identifies peculiarities of the HERO concept representation in the Russian and French teenagers’ linguistic consciousness, which constitutes scientific originality of the study. The analysis of factual material of the Russian and French languages allows concluding about radical reinterpretation of the HERO concept in teenagers’ linguistic, spiritual and moral consciousness, discreditation of the “heroism” notion. These tendencies manifest themselves in the youth language.

ПОНЯТИЕ "ГЕРОЙ": ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЙ

The concept of «hero» bears reflections of many eras. Despite its long history, starting with myth and epic, as well as different views on its nature, there is a certain basis in the phenomenon of heroism that feeds the culture of different times and peoples and resonates in the human soul as a stable archetype. The article raises the problem of interpreting the phenomenon of heroism, its refractions in cultural and philosophical concepts as well as the problem of their relevance to the inner deep meaning of the phenomenon itself. The article presents the author’s analysis of the fundamental concept of heroism, which can be found in the Living Ethics, one of the philosophical systems of Russian cosmism of the early twentieth century.

Preservice Teachers’ Perceptions of the Pedagogical Function of Heroes and Hero Stories

Teachers serve as gatekeepers to the implementation of curriculum in their classroom (Thornton, 2005). Their beliefs about a topic and the wider political environment can influence what they teach. To this end, our goal was to investigate whom preservice teachers identify as heroes and why, which heroes should be included in the curriculum, and how this might influence instruction of the NCSS theme Individual Development and Identity. This study was an exploratory study using the qualitative methods of an open-ended survey and focus group. We were guided by the research question: How do preservice elementary teachers conceptualize heroes? The participants were elementary preservice teachers in their final semester prior to teacher internship. We surveyed participants to determine their perceptions of heroes. We conducted a follow up focus group with five participants. The participants conceptualized heroes as serving a pedagogical function. We learned that these preservice teachers had a balanced concept of heroes and considered heroes valuable to the school curriculum. They saw heroes as role models for students to imitate. Of interest to the study of heroes in the social studies curriculum, these preservice teachers were able to overcome the barrier of the flawed hero. Rather than shifting away from teaching heroes and focusing on heroic actions as Barton and Levstik (2004) recommend, they were able to keep the curricular gate open (Thornton, 2005) to teaching heroes by developing the concept of the gray hero.

Hero and Fate in the Nibelungenlied

Based on the material of the epic poem “Das Nibelungenlied” (The Lay of the Nibelungs) the article discusses the concepts of hero, heroism and fate which existed in the minds of medieval Europeans. This paper explores the relationship between these concepts. The authors postulate and prove the hypothesis that, in the framework of mentality under study, the measure of higher heroism was foresight and active acceptance of one’s fate. Fate, in turn, was revealed only to those heroes who were able to doom both themselves and the maximum number of other people to death. The authors show that Fate in the “Lay of the Nibelungs” is a constant, albeit secret, participant of the events; it interacts in complex ways with other participants. Fate directs the actions of the characters and is itself directed by them, revealing itself only to selected brave ones, to those who will be able to become its co-author, who, in accordance with its plans, will boldly go to death and lead others there too. Only such people can be considered heroes.

The Death of Achilles in the Iliad

Abstract Based on an approach derived from neoanalysis, oral poetry theory, and intertextuality, this paper argues that the death of Achilles is of particular importance for the Iliad. Numerous structural and thematic similarities reflect and foreshadow elements of the traditional story of the death of Achilles which is thereby incorporated into the Iliad symbolically through two intertwined sets of correspondences. These motif transferences and symbolic correspondences serve to explain several peculiar details of the Homeric narrative and contribute to our interpretation of the poem in the context of the Homeric concept of heroism and to our appreciation of the Iliad’s poetic technique. Through the constant foreshadowing of his death, Achilles achieves the highest glory a Homeric warrior can hope for, dying in battle and earning immortal fame without actually dying, but vanquishing all his enemies. This is part of the Iliad’s strategy to encompass the whole of the Trojan War through analepses as well as prolepses and by making Achilles’ triumph over Hector prefigure the fall of Troy.

Неженская Арктика: сюжет о героине-полярнице в советской культуре 1920–1930-х годов

The new concept of heroism, created in the Soviet world in the 1930s, relied heavily on Arctic theme. The plots that make up the domestic Arctic epos are well known. There isn’t full-fledged narrative about the polar heroine among them, although a request for its appearance was formed at a certain period in Soviet culture, and even attempts to create it were made. This lacuna deserves to attract the research interest. The Arctic discourse of the 1920–1930s. largely anticipated the space theme of the 1960s; the absence in the pantheon of the Soviet conquerors of the Arctic “polar Tereshkova” has a certain meaning. In fact, European women in the Soviet Arctic appeared from the beginning of the 1920s. As a rule, these were wives who supported their husbands- explorers and remained in their shadow. In the literature canonizing polar heroes these women are not often mentioned, and their rare stories are noticeably tailored to the plot of the wives of the Decembrists. Nina Demme, “the world’s first woman – polar explorer”, as Soviet media called her, tried to create a completely different story about herself. Demme sought not only to compete with men on an equal footing in the Arctic world, but also to prove her own – female – superiority. However, the legend did not work out. The article discusses the attempt to canonize the woman – polar explorer and the reasons for its failure.

Concepts of Hero and Celebrity in Live Television Broadcasts

Concepts of Hero and Celebrity in Live Television Broadcasts

Shaping Lives: The Everyday Hero as Transformative Agent

The hero concept is tightly woven into the fabric of American and Western cultural identity. This hero is more icon than human, more mythic than mortal. Ordinary individuals often have little connection to these larger than life characters. Their heroes generally bear little resemblance to the outsized projections splashed across social media, television, movies, and theater. Instead, ordinary individuals choose everyday people as heroes—family members, neighbors, coaches, teachers—with whom they have a personal connection. Social constructionists believe individuals’ perspective of the world is based on their relationships and the experiences that result from those relationships. Using phenomenology and arts-based research, a study was conducted with 18–25-year-old students attending Tennessee State University, an HBCU in Nashville, to explore the archetype of the everyday hero, and how this relationship can shape and transform an individual’s life. Unlike with well-documented and researched iconic heroes, knowledge concerning people’s experiences and interactions with everyday heroes is limited. This study provides insight into that relationship, while expanding existing knowledge of the hero archetype. The visual art component acts as a catalyst for deep inquiry exploring experiences with, connections to, and interactions with everyday heroes. Significant knowledge is accessed concerning this relationship that illustrates the transfer of cultural and generational knowledge that influences, shapes, and also transforms.