Conceptual Dimensions Research Articles

Between interdependence and autonomy: Toward a typology of work design modes in the new world of work

AbstractDespite the rapid pace with which the world of work has been transforming, our concept of work design—the content and organization of work tasks, activities, relationships, and responsibilities—has remained remarkably resistant to change. This shortcoming not only limits our theoretical understanding of work design but also constrains organizations' ability to sufficiently adapt to human resource management (HRM) needs in the new world of work. I review the principal categories of work design to theorize about a typology of work design modes and their inherent HRM configurations. The typology proposes four ideal‐typical modes—organization‐defined work design, self‐directed internal work design, formalized external work design, and self‐governing work design—that differ in their requisite degrees of work interdependence and work autonomy. In a second step, I exemplify the conceptual dimensions of the typology in relation to three organizations using the case study as illustrative convention. The typology has several implications for theory, practice, and future research on work design and HRM.

Theorising and illustrating plural policing models in countering armed banditry as hybrid terrorism in northwest Nigeria

Banditry constitutes about 40% of national insecurity in Nigeria. It is a composite crime manifesting in wanton killing, cattle rustling, kidnapping for ransom, levying of illegal tax on farming communities, sexual violence and trafficking of arms and drugs. Through qualitative and quantitative research methodology, this article attempts to theorise and illustrate policing models aimed at countering armed banditry in northwest Nigeria. Coordinates of attacks by bandits are georeferenced to show their spatial distribution and pattern. As Nigeria continues to experience the shocks of banditry, the national and subnational governments are providing counter measures to lessen the striking capability of the bandits through four distinct but complementary models of policing. The article offers direction on the policing imperatives for combatting armed banditry in Nigeria. It proposes a multilevel policing framework which encompasses the mainstream policing, hybrid policing and the joint task force models with the state police as the new layer on the existing security architecture. This is well suited to respond to the conceptual, practical and strategic dimensions of policing in Nigeria to combat armed banditry and other criminalities that envelop the country.

Halal Food Literacy: Conceptual Framework, Dimension, and Scale Development

This study aims to develop the Halal Food Literacy scale (HFL) concept and measurement. The concept of HFL in this study is based on the concept of literacy for consumers. In this case, the SDGs are the theoretical basis for building the HFL concept. Cognitive aspects related to Bloom's concept of Taxonomy were used as the basis for compiling this concept. The study includes four stages: developing, compiling, and describing the concept of Halal Food Literacy based on literature studies, interviews, discussions with experts and scholars, drafting items, testing the validity of the contents, and lastly, data testing with exploratory factor analysis. The results of the scale test revealed that there are four HFL factors, namely Halal awareness, Halal knowledge, Behavioral beliefs, and halal-related label beliefs. These four factors contributed 69.758% of the general variant and 57.828% of the variance from 11 items.

Dynamics of control on digital platforms

AbstractDigital platforms are supraorganizational entities that use digital technology to facilitate interactions between diverse actors, leading to novel forms of organisation and accompanying forms of control. The current Information Systems (IS) literature, however, struggles to describe control on digital platforms in a way that does justice to the dynamic character of the phenomenon. Taking this as an opportunity, we follow the enactment of control over time and across parties in a hybrid ethnographic study of the social commerce platform Poshmark. Specifically, we conceptualise the dynamics of control as changes in the means of control—formal or informal—and the sources of control—operator or participants—over time. Tracking these conceptual dimensions, we identify the distinct ways control has changed on Poshmark. Synthesising these findings into four dynamics of control, we show that control on digital platforms is rarely static due to aggregate effects arising from the operator and from participant interactions with each other through the digital features deployed on the platform. Based on these insights, our study contributes to the IS literature on control by broadening the conception of control on digital platforms. The theoretical and practical insights generated in this paper thereby lay the foundation for the systematic study of the dynamics of control that are unique to platform environments.

Pushing diversity into higher dimensions: The LID effect on diversified similarity searching

Diversified similarity queries extend similarity searches by retrieving data elements simultaneously similar to a given object (reference) but dissimilar to other elements in the result set. Although diversity-related querying routines are expected to be costlier than similarity searches, e.g., k-NN vs. diversified k-NN, experimental evaluations of their quality and performance for exploring datasets embedded in high-dimensional spaces are still open issues. In this manuscript, we apply the concept of Local Intrinsic Dimensionality (LID) to examine the behavior of the method diversity browsing in the exploration of high-dimensional data. Diversity browsing extends the k-NN incremental search algorithm distance browsing towards diversified similarity queries by using both proximity and inner dissimilarity criteria (called Influence rule) to dismiss result set candidates. We empirically investigate the effect of real-world data LIDs over diversity browsing and found shreds of evidence that indicate: (i) the amount of diversity (measured by the total of “retrievable” diversified neighbors) is constrained by both the data fold LID and the Influence-based partitioning of the search space. Counter-intuitively, this number increases with the LID because inner dissimilarities between diversified neighbors grow slower in intrinsically high-dimensional spaces, which generates an inverse correlation between Influence-based pruning and data LID; (ii) exploratory diversity searches (the retrieval of all diversified neighbors) over varying LID sets produce query-based manifolds as the recovered elements are also data samples with enhanced measures of Relative Contrast, Relative Variance, and Intrinsic Dimensionality in comparison to the original dataset. Since exploratory diversity searches preserve the viewpoint of the query object, their outputs also provide an alternative for data visualization with meaningful distance relationships. We illustrate such a data visualization potential with bubble-clustered scatter plots by using Influence rules to determine the size of each cluster; (iii) the tuning of metric indexes is still a relevant factor for speeding up diversified similarity queries over low and medium LID data folds. In particular, our evaluation showed that metric pivots chosen with Maximal Variance criteria outperform Random pivots regarding diversity browsing searches implemented over VP-Tree indexes for most LID ranges; and (iv) the performance difference from diversity browsing to distance browsing reduces with the LID, which suggests that the querying of high-dimensional datasets by diversity may provide richer results at proportional costs to those of similarity searches.

Reformulating the Basics of Conventional Newtonian Physics, Quantum Physics and the Einstein Theories of Relativities Based on the newly discovered Topological Theory of Quantum Gravity (TTQG)

The Newtonian physics, quantum physics and the theories of relativity suffer from a major Incompleteness on the ground of being unable to offer the topologies and the dimensionalities of the numerous physical variables. Out of the three very familiar dimensions of physical variables in conventional physics length (L), mass (M) and time (T), the two variables, namely mass and time are fully arbitrary and abstract. In Newtonian physics L, M and T are fully independent variables since no mathematical equation linking the said three variables have been proposed. It is an established fact and a matter of everyday experience that L, M and T are very much linked to each other and otherwise which, the universe could have taken either the infinite number of shapes of desire arising out of endless permutations and combinations of L, M and T or could have merged to fully length (LM°T°) or fully mass (L°MT°) or fully time (L°M° T). Max Planck tied up the five numbers of basic physical variables, length, time, mass, electric charge and temperature to the same source by linking all of them to the Newton’s Gravitational constant (G) and Planck constant (h). However, this attempt was also incomplete since the topologies of G and h, could not be put forward. Later on, the quantum physics even, could not erase the stamp of ‘abstractness’ as put on the physical variables like mass, time, temperature, gravitation, photon waves and many others. Neither the Newtonian physics nor the quantum physics can depict the dimensionalities of entropy, force, energy, acceleration, black hole, plasma state, etc. and as well cannot also tell us how a ‘photon’ looks alike or what the ‘gravitons’ are in reality. The recently discovered topological theory of quantum gravity (TTQG) revealed the following: 1. The phenomenon of gravitation is being linked to the intermolecular attractive forces. 2. Have defined all the above said physical variables as ‘gravitons’ in regard to entropy. 3. Presented the topologies and dimensionalities of the physical variables. 4. Introduced the inverse dimensionality concept in physics. 5. Proposed the mathematical equation relating L, M and T 6. Reformulated the basics of Newtonian physics, quantum physics and the special and general theories of relativity. 7. All the cosmic phenomena of the universe have been represented by a singularity graviton originated universal graviton cycle.

The development of children’s spiritual intelligence: Conceptual and procedural dimensions of a psycho-pedagogical intervention in Latvia

ABSTRACT Spirituality is a broad and multidimensional concept, while spiritual intelligence (SI) is an important prerequisite for the psychological health and social functioning of the individual. This article theoretically frames a psycho-pedagogical intervention (PPI) program for the development of SI in primary school students (age 7–10) in Latvia, describing the conceptual and procedural principles of the program. According to the literature, PPI is considered the most efficient form of instruction that, integrated into the learning process, may facilitate the rapid development of children in various fields. The article introduces the concept of SI and substantiates the theoretical model of SI in children. It discusses the types and functions of intervention programs; the main conditions for elaborating PPI; and reflects on the content, structure, and methods of a program applied to develop SI. The procedural dimensions of the PPI and the preparation of teachers to implement a given program are described. It is hoped that this study and its continuation may inspire the integration of the PPI into educational systems in other countries.

Classification Prediction of Breast Cancer Based on Machine Learning.

Breast cancer is the most common and deadly type of cancer in the world. Based on machine learning algorithms such as XGBoost, random forest, logistic regression, and K-nearest neighbor, this paper establishes different models to classify and predict breast cancer, so as to provide a reference for the early diagnosis of breast cancer. Recall indicates the probability of detecting malignant cancer cells in medical diagnosis, which is of great significance for the classification of breast cancer, so this article takes recall as the primary evaluation index and considers the precision, accuracy, and F1-score evaluation indicators to evaluate and compare the prediction effect of each model. In order to eliminate the influence of different dimensional concepts on the effect of the model, the data are standardized. In order to find the optimal subset and improve the accuracy of the model, 15 features were screened out as input to the model through the Pearson correlation test. The K-nearest neighbor model uses the cross-validation method to select the optimal k value by using recall as an evaluation index. For the problem of positive and negative sample imbalance, the hierarchical sampling method is used to extract the training set and test set proportionally according to different categories. The experimental results show that under different dataset division (8 : 2 and 7 : 3), the prediction effect of the same model will have different changes. Comparative analysis shows that the XGBoost model established in this paper (which divides the training set and test set by 8 : 2) has better effects, and its recall, precision, accuracy, and F1-score are 1.00, 0.960, 0.974, and 0.980, respectively.

Critical thinking conceptualization in K-12: A case study of middle school teachers

Research shows that teachers' conceptualization of critical thinking (CT) affects their classroom practices for incorporating CT instructional methods for young school children. However, there is limited evidence with respect to K-12 in-service teachers' beliefs about CT. This study investigates the conceptualization of CT among middle school teachers (n = 77) in the United States. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. Based on Principal Component Analysis, we find three dimensions of CT conceptualization from the teachers’ responses: cognitive, affective, and knowledge dimensions. Further details of the findings are discussed, and suggestions for developing CT in K-12 education and future research directions are provided.

Transforming Conceptual and Legal Dimensions of Privacy in the Era of Social Media

Transforming Conceptual and Legal Dimensions of Privacy in the Era of Social Media

Digital Government and Digital Governance: Grand Concept

Development of digital democracy domain substantially depends on how correctly are understood conceptual dimensions and how clearly are determined functions of digital government and digital governance, as digital government represents a fundamental shift in the way governments around the world are embracing their mission and digital governance is no longer just a technological enabler. Digital government and digital governance (as terms and concepts), known as multidimensional, multifaceted and multidisciplinary phenomenon, are often treated as synonymous and used interchangeably in the academic literature or formal documents. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly difficult to clear existing conceptual ambiguity between them. There are no universally accepted definitions of both abstractions. Such conceptual uncertainty has a negative impact on the development of digital democracy. The research objective of this article is to provide a deeper understanding of digital government and digital governance concepts through empirical studies and scatter the existing ambiguity in differences between these two concepts as this variety is not just questions of academic nuance. Based on a comparative analysis of digital government and digital governance conceptual meanings, this article offers an approach according to which digital government and digital governance represents two various but closely related and co-existing concepts. Furthermore, in the concluding section of the article, there is suggested recommendation regarding development a new grand concept in which both multidimensional conceptual visions will be combined.

Ebeveynlerin Dijital Reklam Okuryazarlığı Becerilerinin Geliştirilmesine Yönelik Bir Eylem Araştırması

Parental mediation plays a leading role in the process of shaping children’s relations with and raising awareness about digital advertisements. This study aims to qualitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the digital-based education model created to develop digital advertising literacy skills that parents need in this process. For this purpose, the action research model, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was adopted in the study and a 12-hour digital-based training was conducted with the participation of seven parents with children between the ages of 7 and 13 living in Antalya. Semi-structured interview was used to collect research data. The qualitative data obtained through semi-structured interview and observation were qualitatively content-analyzed in the MAXQDA 2020 analysis program. The results obtained from the qualitative data showed that the education model contributed to the development of parents’ skills in terms of conceptual, attitudinal and performance dimensions of digital advertising literacy. It was determined that this improvement also reflected positively on parental mediation strategies. Based on the results of the research, suggestions were made to researchers, practitioners and policy makers working in this field.

Legal Policy Of Sustainable Tourism Development: Toward Community-Based Tourism In Indonesia

Tourism development is one leading and potential element of the national establishment that can be generated to realize the ideology of controlling and utilizing natural resources and cultural diversity of the State to increase the national economic growth. In facing the changes in global economic, social structure, and living environment, the national and international tourism development trend to become a global phenomenon and economic practices for obtaining income and revenue of the respective country. In this respect, the rights to tourism particularly the rights of the local community within the area of tourism destinations, have not attracted much attention in the academic world. Little attention, regulation and policy that enacted for such a legal issue in the country of Indonesia. It may be because this tourism right is intentionally not considered a fundamental right as well as other human beings and ecological rights. However, these rights are essential in establishing sustainable tourism in the country as a part of human rights in tourism development. The article attempts to outline the conceptual dimension of sustainable tourism development. It provides an overview international policy framework, as well as the existence of national legal instruments for which the tourism industry in the country can be employed to enhance the State's income and revenue for the most significant welfare and prosperity of the people as mandated by the 1945 Constitution.

Love is Blind! in Byzantium The Blind Cupid Figure in Byzantine Art Through The Middle Ages

Antik dönem sanatında çok sevilen Eros, yetişkin rollerini oynayan tombul oğlanlar veya kanatlı/kanatsız putti imgeler şeklinde, circus konulu tasvirlerde, dövüş, her türden av ve kovalamaca sahnelerinde, sarkofaj konteksinde cenaze sanatında, sıkıcı tarımsal faaliyetleri neşeli ve heyecan uyandıran aktivitelere dönüştüren yaramaz çocuklar olarak tasvir edilmişlerdir. Bu uygulamaların Bizans sanatında devam ettiği görülür. Kimi zaman bağ bozumu sahnelerinde, euchariste (ökariste) bağlamında ya da öteki dünya ile ilişkilendirilerek cennete giden yolda görev alarak kristolojik sembolizm dâhilinde kullanılmışlardır. Erken Hristiyanlık dönemi katakomp resimlerinden Ortaçağın sonuna kadarki çeşitli Bizans eserlerinde yer alan Cupid figürünün ikonografisi iki kavramı barındırır: Tanrı aşkı ve dünyevi aşk. Etimolojisi ile bir Hıristiyan adaptasyonu olarak karşımıza çıkar zira sevgi/aşk anlamına gelen eros kelimesinin -dini ya da profan kavramsal bir yer edinmesi küçük aşk tanrısını ikiye bölmemiş zaten geçmişte de aşkın her türlü yüzünü temsil etmesi ile kişilere yabancı bir figür değildir. Hıristiyan metinlere nüfuz eden Θείος Έρως (İlahi Eros) kavramını Tanrı ile insan arasındaki sevgiyi anlatmanın bir yöntemi olarak kullanır; öte yandan manastır pratikleri figüre simgesel yaklaşım göstermiş, zengin dini metin ve figüratif içeriği ile dini sanatta sıradışı uygulamalar ortaya koymuştur; seküler edebiyatta ise başlıca konusu aşk olan destan ve romanslar incelendiğinde ulaşılan belirgin özelliklere sahip bir eros tarifine rastlanmış, bu tarifin ortaya konan sanatsal üretimler ile örtüştüğü görülür. Bizans sanatının farklı dönemlerine tarihlenen metal, fildişi, mozaik, dokuma, elyazma resmi ya da fresko gibi farklı ürün gruplarına ait örneklere yansıyan tasvirler figürün kavramsal boyutlarını yansıtır. Ancak Aşk Tanrısı Cupid -ya da diğer isimleriyle Eros veya Amor- Helenistik ve Roma sanatında hiç kör temsil edilmemesine karşın, Bizans Sanatında sıra dışı bir körlük örneği gösterir. Bu araştırma yazısı, çok-tanrılı geçmişin hatırasını taşıyan bir figürün ağır başlı Bizans kültür ortamında, dinin tüm ağırlığına rağmen anlamını devam ettirmesi sürecinde üstlendiği kavramlar uyarınca ortaya konan sanatsal temsillerinin ikonografisi üzerine bir çalışmadır.

Pre-service Mathematics Teachers’ Conceptual Knowledge Related To Basic Concepts And Operations

The aim of this study is to discuss the conceptual dimensions of pre-service mathematics teachers' approaches to the basic concepts and operations of mathematics. 25 pre-service mathematics teachers in the first semester of the 2022-2023 academic year, who were educated at a state university, participated in the research. Four open-ended questions about the basic concepts of mathematics were asked to pre-service mathematics teachers and their written opinions were received. Content and descriptive analysis were applied to the responses. As a result of the analyzes, pre-service teachers did not approach these questions in the context of conceptual knowledge, but generally gave the answers in the context of procedural knowledge. Pre-service mathematics teachers used reflective thinking, which they used to compare the procedural knowledge processes they gained in the formal education process with the previous solutions, in these question solutions as well.

Teacher Talk and Literacy Gains in Chilean Elementary Students: Teacher Participation, Lexical Diversity, and Instructional Non-present Talk

Although the relation between child-caregiver non-present talk and children’s language and literacy development has been extensively studied, scarce research has examined the contributions of teacher talk’s conceptual, interactive, and linguistic dimensions to early literacy. Using fine-grained linguistic analysis, lessons from 16 Chilean classrooms from Pre-K to 2nd grade were coded for: conceptual (non-instructional, instructional present, instructional non-present), interactive (teacher-student talk ratio), linguistic (syntactic complexity, lexical diversity). Students were administered baseline and end-of-year literacy assessments (n=343). Controlling for school, classroom, and individual-level factors, HLM analyses revealed a positive quadratic effect of teachers’ lexical diversity on early literacy gains and a negative effect of teacher-student talk ratio, such that classrooms with greater teacher participation in instructional non-present talk tended to display lower literacy gains. A significant interaction revealed that at greater levels of teacher participation, teachers’ higher lexical diversity negatively impacted literacy gains.

A dynamic capabilities approach of Industry 4.0: the experiences of managers operating in two emerging economies

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the implementation of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) through the lens of the dynamic capabilities framework. Contrary to most existing research, this study chooses a cross-national viewpoint, exploring companies operating in two emerging economies.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 80 company managers operating in eight industries in Vietnam and Bolivia. The chosen inductive analysis was supported by qualitative content analysis and data structure.FindingsThe analysis reveals 13 conceptual dimensions. For instance, sensing opportunities underlines tangible and intangible “direct prospects”, such as enhanced accuracy, speed and cost effectiveness, whereas “operational management pressures” (sensing threats) identify the dilemma of changing individuals’ mindset, recruitment and addressing financial needs. While there is an overall agreement in key dimensions, differences between managers from both countries also arise, including staff’s adaptation and constant upskilling.Originality/valueEmpirically, this study responds to calls for cross-national studies investigating I4.0 initiatives. In doing so, the data gathered from company managers engaged in business in emerging economies afford new perspectives, with practitioner value. Theoretically, the numerous dimensions emerging from the data analysis provide useful conceptual insights to understand managerial aspects in considering and adapting to I4.0 expectations and requirements. These insights are reinforced by the development of a conceptual model that illuminates the initiatives, efforts and challenges of embracing this phenomenon.

Enabling environmentally sustainable practices in Vietnam through knowledge management: the case of TONTOTON

ABSTRACT This study incorporates the Knowledge-Based View (KBV) of the firm to examine knowledge management in the context of sustainable practices based on the case of a firm undertaking plastic waste neutralisation in Vietnam, one of the leading nations in plastic waste. Open-ended, semi-structured interviews were conducted with all current members of the firm TONTOTON, and with a representative from its main business partner. The analysis underlined several key findings illustrated through 10 conceptual dimensions, with crucial relationships to the KBV. For instance, the “sustainability consciousness” dimension, depicted by participants’ attitude towards sustainability-based principles, aligns with “the knowledge requirements of production” and underscores the importance of previous knowledge. Furthermore, the “excelling” dimension, which emphasises the intention to achieve constant knowledge management-related growth, relates to both “capacity for aggregation”, and “specialisation in knowledge acquisition”. Extending from the adopted inductive analysis, the study proposes a theoretical model.

AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN CUED TASK SWITCHING

Abstract The task switching paradigm is widely used to examine cognitive switching, a critical subcomponent of cognitive control. Studies on aging suggest that switching is particularly vulnerable to age-related changes in cognition. However, the effects of manipulating the stimulus dimension on task switching performance is relatively understudied. In this study, 13 younger adults (YA; 11F; Mean Age= 22.31) and 13 older adults (OA; 8F; Mean Age= 65.85) completed a novel cued task-switching paradigm requiring speeded same-different judgments based on a perceptual (color) or conceptual (animal) dimension of the stimuli. Task switching performance was measured using switch cost, which is the difference in accuracy between switch and repeat trials. Overall both YA and OA exhibited switch costs, indicating increased cognitive demand when switching between judgments compared to repetition of the same judgement. In regard to group differences, YA and OA performed similarly when performance was collapsed across the stimulus dimensions; however, when examined separately, OA exhibited worse performance than YA when making conceptual judgements. These results highlight the importance of examining carefully manipulated stimulus-related factors in task switching paradigms to advance our understanding of cognitive control and aging.

Kinetic and conceptual dimension in the texture of the film text

ينهل الفلم من الحركة كل خصوصياته ويرتحل من خلالها إلى عالم مفعم بالحركة والحياة، غير إن للحركة وجهان الأول فيزيائي يتمثل بالانتقال والتحول المكاني ويسهم في بعث الحيوية بالشيء، وآخر يضيف على كل ذلك إحساسا بامتلاك الحركة لقدرات مضافة على مستوى الدلالة والمعنى وعند ذاك يمكن وصف الحركة بأنها تمتلك حركية خاصة، فمفهوم الحركية ينهض بدلالات حسية تخيلية لاترتبط بالحركة الفيزيائية بل هي أداة لفهم نشاط الأفكار التي يحملها الشيء، فمفهوم الحركية يتشاكل على المستوى اللفظي مع الحركة لكن لا يأخذ منها إلا حيويتها، وقد سعى البحث الموسوم ( الحركية وبعدها المفاهيمي في نسيج النص ألفلمي) إلى التعرف على الحركية وماهية تمثلاتها واشتراطاتها في النص ألفلمي ويتمثل ذلك في مشكلة البحث