Concept Of Anomie Research Articles

Situations of anomie and the health workforce crisis: Policy implications of a socially sensitive and inclusive approach to human resources.

Health systems in most jurisdictions are facing an unprecedented workforce crisis, manifesting as labour shortages, high staff turnover, and increasing rates of absenteeism and burnout. These issues affect professional and occupational groups in both health and social care and individuals at early and later stages of their career. The intensity and pervasiveness of the crisis suggests that it is a multicausal phenomenon. Studies have focused on the relationship between working environments and worker satisfaction and well-being. However, these are of limited use in understanding the deeper mechanisms behind the large-scale workforce crisis. The subjective experience of work, while rooted in a particular work context, is also shaped by broader social and cultural phenomena that put social norms and individuals' ability to conform to them in tension. The concept of anomie, initially developed by Durkheim and redefined by Merton, focuses on the way social norms that guide conduct and aspirations lose influence and become incompatible with each other or unsuited to contemporary work contexts. Understanding the workforce crisis from the perspective of anomie enables the development and implementation of novel policies based on co-production strategies where concerned publics engage collaboratively in framing the problem and searching for solutions.

An analysis of suicide during the Covid 19 Pandemic in the Jhenaidah district

Abstract: On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the Covid 19 epidemic had reached pandemic proportions. To lessen the likelihood that the virus would spread throughout their countries, most nations, including Bangladesh, resorted to preventative measures that did not involve medical treatment. These measures include social isolation, self-isolation, quarantine, lockdowns, etc. It was assumed that the spread of the Covid 19 epidemic was responsible for the rise in the rate of suicide in Bangladesh, which has been found to be the primary cause of unexpected deaths in Bangladesh. The southwestern district of Jhenaidah in the Khulna division of Bangladesh is the 19th most populous and alongside, a leading region in terms of a high number of suicides committed in the country. Within the context of the pandemic-stricken world, discussions have revolved around Emile Durkheim’s concept of anomie and how suicide should be understood as a social rather than an individualistic act. This study found inconsistencies with previous research on a number of factors related to suicide, including the age and education level of the victims, the time of year, and the motivations for their actions. On the other hand, the gender, marital status, employment status, and income level of the victims showed a pattern that was comparable to what it was before the pandemic. The pattern of suicide in the Jhenaidah district is relatively comparable to the findings of the pre-Covid 19 study, and the pandemic has minimal impact on the decision of the people living in this area to commit suicide.

Возможности субъектного подхода в изучении отношений криминогенной личности к социальному окружению

Introduction. The study is devoted to the description of the possibilities of the subjective approach to identifying the criminogenicity of the individual on the example of his/her relations to the social environment. It notes the disparate perceptions of criminogenicity, which requires the integration of scientific knowledge. The author suggests the possibilities of the subjective approach to describe the criminogenicity of personality. The specificity of the description of criminogenicity in individual-psychological and socioenvironmental concepts is determined. The current state of genetic and neuropsychological studies of personality criminogenicity is described. The role of socio-environmental concepts is revealed. The importance of society in the formation of criminogenicity is noted in the concepts of anomie, social control and socialisation of personality. The importance of subjective attitude mediating the influence of individualpsychological and social-mediological factors is emphasised.
 Methods. The methodology of the subject approach was applied in the research process, general scientific (induction, analysis, synthesis) and private-scientific (extrapolation) research methods were used.
 Results. The possibilities of the subjective approach to the analysis of the causes of criminogenicity of personality, which are not explained by individual-psychological and socio-environmental concepts of criminogenicity, are described. It is determined that criminogenicity can be considered as a socially negative form of self-actualisation of personality. The self-actualisationis explained through the purposeful manifestation of cognitive and regulatory abilities in order to achieve a personally significant goal. At the same time subjectivity is characterised by defects of moral and ethical sphere, allowing preferring criminal behaviour to law-abiding in the situation of choice. It is noted that the manifestation of subjectivity can be characterised in the context of relations to the social environment, acting as a means of achieving selfrealisation.
 The results extend and clarify the possibilities of the subjective approach as applied to the analysis of criminogenic personality. The peculiarities of the implementation of subjectivity of a criminogenic personality in terms of overcoming the difficulties of life activity, formation of self-relationship and involvement of others in self-realisation are shown. The prospects of studying the causes, state and characteristics of relations of criminogenic personality to social environment as a source of new information about criminalisation and decriminalisation of personality are outlined.

Герои, антигерои современной российской молодежи

The article examines the issue of the formation of group identity among young people. Heroes of the time act as symbolic value-behavioral complexes, they are part of the conceptual apparatus for analyzing changes in attitudes towards historical personalities, historical memory as the basis of solidarity. The current state is char-acterized by trends of changes in value attitudes among Russian students, which inevitably affects social soli-darity. The theoretical apparatus is based on an appeal to the classics of sociology (E. Durkheim), the concept of anomie is considered in relation to the current period. A hypothesis of the causes of the state of disunity is formulated based on the destruction of the feedback mechanism in traditional methods of forming social soli-darity. In his cultural forms of behavior, a person relies on eternal truths, formulated in the form of moral imper-atives, captured in traditional forms (songs, fairy tales) and institutional practices of conveying meanings and patterns of behavior (upbringing, education). Heroes and anti-heroes act as triggers for the fragmentation of youth and Russian society. The article presents the results of a 2022 pilot survey of university youth, character-izing attitudes towards personalities of Russian history (authorities). The results obtained are compared with secondary data from 2023 surveys.

Revisiting the White Boys From Portland to Ukraine: Anomie and Right-Wing Extremism

The 2022 mass shooting in Buffalo, New York that targeted black grocery shoppers followed a now-familiar pattern. A white male, radicalized by online disinformation campaigns, including the narrative that whites are being systematically “replaced” in society, engaged in an act of domestic terrorism to further the cause of white nationalism. This article charts the ways that right-wing extremism has evolved in the first two decades of the twentieth-first century. This recent history begins with the racist skinhead and patriot militia movements that dominated the literature 20 years ago and moves through the rise of the alt-right, lone-wolf attacks, the January 6, 2021, Capitol attack, and finally, situates a globalized movement in a pandemic era of de-globalization that has both direct and indirect connection to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. The theoretical theme throughout is Emile Durkheim’s concept of anomie and how white males have responded to the rapid pace of social change. Conclusions are drawn from a wide variety of interviews, from Proud Boys in Portland, Oregon to Ukrainian soldiers, stationed on the Ukraine–Poland border.

“Humanizing the Indios” Early Spanish missionaries’ struggles for natives’ dignity: Influences and impact in 16th Century Philippines

“Humanizing the Indios” Early Spanish missionaries’ struggles for natives’ dignity: Influences and impact in 16th Century Philippines

COVID-19 and the Rise of the Conspiracy

This paper examines the rise of COVID-19 related conspiracy theories through a Durkheimian lens. Specifically, Durkheim’s concepts of anomie, collective consciousness, and religion can be useful in interpreting the increased participation in conspiracy theory groups. It examines how social distancing measures and government restrictions have led to increased anomie, and how conspiracy theory groups have been used to mitigate this anomic state by introducing shared beliefs and norms. These groups have also created opportunities for people to come together physically and virtually, sharing common beliefs and goals creating a distinct collective consciousness. This paper also focuses on social media’s role in perpetuating conspiracy theories and how online communities create an environment where it becomes difficult to decipher fact from fiction. It also focuses on how online communities foster group cohesion in a virtual environment. In addition, the paper also likens conspiracy groups to religious ones using Émile Durkheim’s definition.

Mysterium iniquitatis

O presente artigo propõe explorar uma cadeia de significados imagéticos que vinculam as imagens do vampiro e do bárbaro, a partir do século XVII, com os conceitos de impiedade e de indignidade e a imagem do demônio Belial, por um lado, e a imagem deste mesmo demônio com o conceito de anomia, levando em consideração a tensão existente entre a classe nobiliárquica e a classe burguesa na aurora da modernidade, por outro, bem como a projeção destes conflitos em um outro momento, na República de Weimar, buscando nestas imagens a revelação das tensões de um projeto político de humanidade global, contrastante com um anseio comunitário próprio da antropologia pré-moderna. Palavras-Chave: Teoria schmittiana das imagens. Katechōn. Leviathan. Nosferatu. Dracula.

Konversi Agama di Kalangan Etnis Tionghoa: Motivasi, Adaptasi dan Konsekuensi

This paper aims to describe ​​the process of religious conversion conducted by five ethnic Chinese muallafs at Yayasan Haji Karim Oei Jakarta. This study also describes the state of anomie experienced by muallafs in the post-religious conversion time and the adaptation to face the anomic circumstances. Qualitative approach with case study method is the research approach used in this research. Observations and interviews were used as data collection. This study uses the concept of systemic stage model by Rambo Lewis to examine the process of religious conversion and the concept of anomie by Emile Durkheim to examine the social state of post-religious conversion. In fact, that the religious conversion is caused by internal factor which is inner crisis and also caused by external factors such as living in a social sphere dominated by the majority of Muslims, the factor of marriage, and religious lectures performed by the religious leaders.

Who are the European youths willing to engage in radicalisation? A multidisciplinary review of their psychological and social profiles

BackgroundA new model of radicalisation has appeared in Western countries since the 2010s. Radical groups are smaller, less hierarchical and are mainly composed of young, homegrown individuals. The aim of this review is to decipher the profiles of the European adolescents and young adults who have embraced the cause of radical Islamism and to define the role of psychiatry in dealing with this issue. MethodsWe performed a systematic search in several databases from January 2010 to July 2017 and reviewed the relevant studies that included European adolescents and/or young adults and presented empirical data. ResultsIn total, 22 qualitative and quantitative studies were reviewed from various fields and using different methodologies. Psychotic disorders are rare among radicalised youths. However, they show numerous risk factors common with adolescent psychopathologies. We develop a comprehensive three-level model to explain the phenomenon of radicalisation among young Europeans: (1) individual risk factors include psychological vulnerabilities such as early experiences of abandonment, perceived injustice and personal uncertainty; (2) micro-environmental risk factors include family dysfunction and friendships with radicalised individuals; (3) societal risk factors include geopolitical events and societal changes such as Durkheim’s concept of anomie. Some systemic factors are also implicated as there is a specific encounter between recruiters and the individual. The former use sectarian techniques to isolate and dehumanise the latter and to offer him a new societal model. ConclusionThere are many similarities between psychopathological manifestations of adolescence and mechanisms at stake during the radicalisation process. As a consequence, and despite the rarity of psychotic disorders, mental health professionals have a role to play in the treatment and understanding of radical engagement among European youth. Studies with empirical data are limited, and more research should be promoted (in particular in females and in non-Muslim communities) to better understand the phenomenon and to propose recommendations for prevention and treatment.

Reflexe kriminality ve veřejném mínění

The author considers his own concept of the „patient society“ in relation to recent developments in the CR and the reaction of public opinion to the growing level of relative social deprivation. While last year there was a 5% rise in crime, the level of fear of crime remained unchanged. The problem of crime continues to top the ladder of perceived contemporary proplems, but the weight attached to economic factors in the context of economic recession is increasing. The media have a demonstrable effect on attitudes to crime. Faith in institutions continues to be among the stabilising elements, and there have been no striking changes in the area of punitive or xenophobic attitudes and reactions. Public satisfaction couceming the work of the police has even increased slightly. Problems in the area of living standards are indirectly expressed in attitudes. There has been more significant social differentiation in attitudes to crime and trust in institutions, while faith and willingness to co-operate with the police, for example, correlates positively with social status. Research on victimisation confirms its growth among the highest social strata, and also a slight increase among the lowest strata (the average for the whole population is roughly 30 being victims of crime over the year). The most interesting finding in the field of analysis of attitudes is clearly differences in level of fear related to place of residence. While fear of crime is naturally higher in the large towns, the patter is different in Prague. It appears that the inhabitants of Prague have now adapted to their clearly higher level of crime and that a kind of more general trend, the effect of „risk normalisation is at work here. The respondents from the survey of the Czech population cited (1998. N=1719), expressed the greatest fear of economic (property) crime, and in doing so were reacting relatively realistically. Nevertheless, the author of the article believes that the state of public opinion ought not to be regarded as the main criterion for the evaluation of practical policies. The deepening social differentiation of society in relation to the phenomenon of crime is beginning to be reflected in the attitudes of youth as well, and is making it essential to consider the question of more comprehesive sociological analysis and explanation. It also confirms the plausibility of Merlon’s concept of anomie, and one cannot therefore rule out the shidt of a previoush stabilized and patient Czech public to reactions of that might be described as resigned, „intimidated „stressed“, or even „wild“ (homo homini lupus).

Diversity and equity in the Middle East: beyond anomie and dysfunction

Change in the Middle East and adjacent regions often results in strife, tension, and cultural weakening. This tendency is discussed with reference to the concept of anomie in which socially acceptable goals can no longer be achieved in socially acceptable ways. Facing such situations, distinctive groups may benefit from concepts such as the 'concurrent majority' which is a defence of the rights and heritage of minority groups. The Middle East might benefit from strategies such as this.

Crime, Police, and Samosudy in Petrograd in the Russian Revolution and Sociological Theories of Anomie

This article attempts to assess the importance of social breakdown in the Russian Revolution. It argues that Petrograd experienced an unprecedented rise in violent crime from March to October, which reduced the society to a state of anomie. The article introduces the sociological concepts of anomie developed by Emile Durkheim and Robert Merton. Introducing Durkheim’s theory that anomie results from the breakdown of “organic solidarity” that assures cohesion in an advanced society, and Merton’s theory that anomie arises when the cultural structures and the social structures break down, the article attempts to examine how these theories can be applicable to the reality of Petrograd during the revolution. Durkheim argues that when “organic solidarity” fails, “mechanical solidarity,” characterized by collective conscious, emotion, and violence, takes over. In this article this theory is applied to explain the violence in samosudy. The article further attempts to identify those who committed crime, who participated in samosudy, and where crime and samosudy took place. It argues that crime and samosudy took place in the central and southern districts of Petrograd with a mixed population of predominantly urban poor and the lower rung of the middle class, rather than in the working-class neighborhoods. It argues that samosudy were reflections of the frustrations of the urban poor, who achieved momentary empowerment by exerting violence against petty criminals. Popular violence committed by criminal acts and by samosudy provided an important background for the Bolshevik assumption of power.

Explaining Suicide in Organizations: Durkheim Revisited

AbstractDrawing on Durkheim's concept of anomie, we address the under‐explored phenomenon of anomic suicide in contemporary organizations and discuss the consequences of solidarity for organizations and society. The relations of social solidarity to issues of identity and insecurity are explored through the cases of France Telecom Orange and Foxconn. Remedial implications for organizing, considered as community building, are discussed. Durkheim wrote not only about anomic but also altruistic suicide. We will also analyze examples of this type of suicide. Some tentative suggestions are made for how to organize to minimize the incidence of suicidal violence in organizations.

A Study of Emile Durkheim's Concept of Anomie in Hubert Selby's Novel <i>Requiem for a Dream</i>

Emile Durkheim introduced the concept of anomie in the field of sociology for the first time. According to Durkheim anomie is equal with normlessness or detachment from social standards and values in society. Hubert Selby in his novel Requiem for a Dream depicts the theme of addiction which influences the life of four characters as a demonstration of the results of keeping distance from the norms. This paper intends to examine the relationship between anomic situation with disintegration and fall of idealism in Selby's novel from Durkheim's point of view.

Anomie’s Eastern origins

Durkheim’s claim in Suicide that humanity’s ‘inextinguishable thirst’ ( soif inextinguible) causes suffering was adopted from Arthur Schopenhauer’s argument that the will-to-live’s ‘unquenchable thirst’ ( unlöschbaren Durst) causes suffering, which was previously adopted from the Buddha’s argument that ‘ceaselessly recurring thirst’ ( tṛṣṇā) causes suffering. This article retraces this demonstrable though seemingly unlikely history of ideas and reveals that the philosophical underpinnings of Durkheim’s theory of anomie are rooted, through Schopenhauer, whose thought influenced many thinkers during the Neo-Romantic fin de siècle period, including Durkheim, in the Buddha’s Second Noble Truth – a doctrine made available to Schopenhauer in European translations of Buddhist texts during the previous turn of the century’s ‘Oriental Renaissance’. By achieving a more thorough understanding of the ambiguous concept of anomie through its Eastern intellectual origins, this project shows that the common conceptualization of anomie as ‘normlessness’ is inconsequential without presupposing that humans thirst and unconstrained thirst causes pain.

Anomie, marketization, and prejudice toward purportedly unprofitable groups

This paper discusses systematically different concepts of anomie as an explanation of Group-focused Enmity (GFE) against selected groups in society. The GFE research programme has demonstrated the utility of applying the concept of ‘anomia’ – an individual reaction to disruptions in the normative order – to explain prejudices against vulnerable groups. This paper extends the GFE research programme by incorporating insights from Institutional Anomie Theory, a theoretical perspective originally introduced in the criminological literature. Drawing upon this, it develops a theoretical model that links perceptions of weakened non-economic institutions with prejudices against groups that are readily seen as being ‘unprofitable’. These perceptions are theorized to affect prejudices against such groups via a pathway of ‘marketized’ attitudes and orientations, net of any influence of anomia. This paper’s theoretical model was assessed with data from a representative survey of the German population ( n = 840). The results of Structural Equation Modelling support most of the main hypotheses, revealing the additional value for prejudice research of measuring the individual experience of anomie not only as anomia but also with respect to processes of marketization.

정보보호 거버넌스 효율성 제고를 위한 조직원의 정보보호 행위에 관한 실증 연구

For the continuous information security governance, we have to focus on not just technical aspects like access control and DRM, but informal level management like information security(IS) behavior, culture, and personal value. But there are few informal level studies, while many formal level studies of IS governance or technical means. This study is an empirical test that how IS culture, normal beliefs, personal behavior and value affect employee`s deviant behavior. And we define a lack of an awareness of value and importance on IS regulations in organizations as Information Security Anomie with the concept of anomie, a viewpoint on social organization.

FUTEBOL NO BANCO DOS RÉUS: O CASO DA HOMOFOBIA

Este ensaio procura discutir algumas questões relacionadas à homofobia no futebol. Para isso analisaram-se, por meio de documentos oficiais e pesquisa bibliográfica, as dificuldades e os desafios para a luta contra a homofobia no Brasil. A partir destas discussões iniciais buscou-se relacionar o mundo do “macho” e a reprodução da discriminação no futebol. Como forma de análise partiu-se de dois autores das ciências sociais, Durkheim com o conceito de anomia, que oferece uma explicação do motivo da repressão ao diferente (idéia da dicotomia sagrado e profano); e Habermas com a idéia de sociedade civil organizada como forma de construção de mecanismos de luta para transformação de uma realidade concreta e possibilidade de diálogo.

Teoría moral y anomia

From the distinction between the concept of anomie of Durkheim and Guyau, is exposed as Guyau taking that concept describes the need of the moral theory to take a turn in his conception. For Guyau the moral stops configured as a universal law, to become an individualistic conception of morality. For Guyau the process is not only inevitable, also it is desirable.