Concept Of Space Research Articles

Evaluation of the use of box size priors for 6D plane segment tracking from point clouds with applications in cargo packing

This paper addresses the problem of 6D pose tracking of plane segments from point clouds acquired from a mobile camera. This is motivated by manual packing operations, where an opportunity exists to enhance performance, aiding operators with instructions based on augmented reality. The approach uses as input point clouds, by its advantages for extracting geometric information relevant to estimating the 6D pose of rigid objects. The proposed algorithm begins with a RANSAC fitting stage on the raw point cloud. It then implements strategies to compute the 2D size and 6D pose of plane segments from geometric analysis of the fitted point cloud. Redundant detections are combined using a new quality factor that predicts point cloud mapping density and allows the selection of the most accurate detection. The algorithm is designed for dynamic scenes, employing a novel particle concept in the point cloud space to track detections’ validity over time. A variant of the algorithm uses box size priors (available in most packing operations) to filter out irrelevant detections. The impact of this prior knowledge is evaluated through an experimental design that compares the performance of a plane segment tracking system, considering variations in the tracking algorithm and camera speed (onboard the packing operator). The tracking algorithm varies at two levels: algorithm (Awpk\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$A_{wpk}$$\\end{document}), which integrates prior knowledge of box sizes, and algorithm (Awoutpk\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$A_{woutpk}$$\\end{document}), which assumes ignorance of box properties. Camera speed is evaluated at low and high speeds. Results indicate increments in the precision and F1-score associated with using the Awpk\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$A_{wpk}$$\\end{document} algorithm and consistent performance across both velocities. These results confirm the enhancement of the performance of a tracking system in a real-life and complex scenario by including previous knowledge of the elements in the scene. The proposed algorithm is limited to tracking plane segments of boxes fully supported on surfaces parallel to the ground plane and not stacked. Future works are proposed to include strategies to resolve this limitation.

The transformation of political culture in Hong Kong: Tracing the decline of protest space

While it is obvious that the space for protests in Hong Kong has declined significantly, it is far less apparent how the political culture has been transformed. Based on an analytical framework using the Lefebvrian concept of space, the paper draws on the July 1st protest march to trace how the political space of the population has been reduced. Relatively quickly, Hong Kong has transformed from a vibrant civil society to one marked by fear and self-censorship similar to other authoritarian regimes. Following an expansion of protest space during the 2019 anti-extradition bill movement, the Chinese government has enacted a National Security Law to eliminate most political activism. The study shows the success of the government’s repression although the long-term impact is not yet clear.

Green City Development: An analysis of green open space concept and its strategies in the urban context

Green Open Space (GOS) refers to any publicly accessible green park located within or near the city or metropolitan areas. This paper introduces a Green Open Space-Green City Conceptual Framework (GOS-GCCF) and its strategies for implementing GOS based on the urban context of Shah Alam City. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to analyse the strategies that emphasise the important roles of GOS in Green City Development (GCD) across economic, social, and environmental aspects. The study addresses various gaps in the Green City (GC) field through GOS implementation. It integrates the existing GC framework into actionable GOS-GCCF and strategies.

Analysis of Learning Difficulties in Junior High School Students on Two-Dimensional Space

Purpose: This research aims to analyze the difficulties experienced by junior high school students with two-dimensional space concepts. Methodology: This quantitative research employs a descriptive approach. The subjects were 30 seventh-grade students at Pekanbaru Da'wah Middle School, Indonesia. The research object is the students' test results regarding the concept of two-dimensional space. Data collection involved asking students to complete essay test questions. Findings: The results show that 50% of students had difficulty with the indicator "Applying concepts to solve problems." For the indicator "Using appropriate formulas and completing calculations correctly and accurately," 43.3% of students (13 out of 30) struggled. Regarding the indicator "Relating problems to everyday life," 30% of students (9 out of 30) experienced difficulties. Significance: The next stage is grouping students' abilities according to the indicators. It can be concluded that seventh-grade students at SMPN 1 still experience difficulties with questions on two-dimensional space.

EDUCATIONAL CONSTRUCTION WORKS CARRIED OUT IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE DIRECTION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MODERN EDUCATION SYSTEM

Today we are already members of the information society. A characteristic feature of the information society is the penetration of information technologies into all areas of human life, intensive development of the information industry and knowledge. This is a new type of society formed as a result of the development of ICT, which is also called the knowledge society. Here, the main condition of human well-being is knowledge, information and their effective application. This society enables the exchange of information across time, space and political boundaries. In this society, important social decisions are made based on science to improve the quality of life in all parameters. The information society enables the interaction of different cultures and the self-affirmation of each society. In addition to capital and labor, knowledge also becomes the main factor of production. Modern network technologies change the structure of the economy and give new meaning to the concepts of time and space. The status of education is getting higher. The task of the education system is to stimulate the development of the economy, to provide specialist training in accordance with the rapidly changing demands of society and the labor market.

Researcher developers: an emerging third space profession

Following the publication of Sir Gareth Roberts’s SET for Success in 2002, the UK government invested millions of pounds in universities to improve the readiness of doctoral researchers to work in universities and beyond. Many universities hired what have become known as researcher developers to design and deliver suitable programmes to develop generic and transferable skills. In 2008, Celia Whitchurch identified the concept of third space as an emergent territory between academic and professional domains, which is colonised primarily by less bounded forms of professional. This article demonstrates how the researcher developer is an example of a third space profession in higher education, and specifically an example of what Kehm calls new ‘higher education professionals’, being highly qualified professionals who are not primarily active in research and teaching themselves, but who are generalists and experts – rather than specialists – working within higher education institutions.

Green Space Policy in Sustainable Development Perspective in Bandar Lampung City

Objective: This research aims to examine the Green Space policy in Bandar Lampung City from a sustainable development perspective. This study focuses on the direction of national policy which is changing from a sustainable development orientation towards investment and how city government policies support sustainable development. Theoretical Framework: This research is based on the theory of Public Policy, Sustainable Development, and the Concept of Green Space. These theories and concepts provide a basis for understanding the research context, including public policy models and sustainable development principles. Method : This study uses a normative juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach. The data used in normative juridical research is secondary data, including primary legal materials from statutory regulations and secondary legal materials such as books and scientific journals related to the object of study. The data analysis was carried out descriptively and qualitatively. Results and Discussion: The research results show that Green Space policy at the national level has shifted from a focus on sustainable development towards investment, which can reduce the effectiveness of fulfilling open spaces. In Bandar Lampung, existing local policies have not been able to support sustainable development efforts. This can be seen from the failure to fulfill the minimum threshold for the percentage of Green Space and policy inconsistencies that can be seen from changes in regional regulations to respond to investment but not in accordance with sustainable development goals. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this study show that there is a need for policy reformulation that is more balanced between investment and sustainability. This research provides insight for policy makers to consider the long-term impact of Green Space policies on the environment and community welfare. Originality/Value: This research contributes to the literature with an innovative approach to evaluating Green Space policies from a sustainable development perspective. Its potential impact on improving environmental policy in Indonesia shows its value and relevance.

Implementation of an Exclusive Concept in the Gallery Showroom & Typical Surabaya Batik Making Training

One of the Surabaya government's efforts to preserve history and culture is to maintain the local batik industry. Surabaya batik designs have a strong and bold color concept. This Surabaya batik motif is inspired by the local area. Facilities to facilitate the development of typical Surabaya batik motifs can be said to be very minimal, for this reason the provision of facilities in the form of a Training Center and Gallery for Typical Surabaya Batik, as a medium for preserving and developing the creativity of typical Surabaya batik is very necessary. This design uses descriptive qualitative research with a scientific background of phenomena that occur in the field, through the process of collecting data from literature studies and field studies which are analyzed in detail and then explained descriptively, so that they can be used as a reference in designing the intended facilities. The design of the Surabaya Typical Batik Training Center and Gallery has an exclusive space concept, namely specializing Surabaya batik to be enjoyed in a luxurious room atmosphere and varied spatial experiences so that the space is not monotonous and makes Surabaya batik motifs a strong and bold design characteristic in that space.

Analysis of the Children’s Playground with Blue Open Space Concept in Bajau Ethnic Settlement Rampa Lama Kotabaru

Analysis of the Children’s Playground with Blue Open Space Concept in Bajau Ethnic Settlement Rampa Lama Kotabaru

The chronotope category in the concept of M.M. Bakhtin

This article contains an analysis of the theoretical concept of time and space by M.M. Bakhtin. In his fundamental study “Forms of Time and of the Chronotope in the Novel”, the author points to the unity of time and space in the chronotope. M. Bakhtin gave priority to the temporal category. The author of the article considers the chronotope and the threshold category from the point of view of spatial and temporal existence. The materials of the article may be useful within the disciplines of “Fundamentals of Literary Studies”, “History of Literature” and “Theory of Culture”.

Territorial Images of Yorùbáland Cartographic Styles and Symbolic Representation in the Mid-Nineteenth Century

In the nineteenth century, Euro-American maps of Africa in the cultural contact of Europeans and Africans were also rhetorical devices, which articulated the politics of territorial conceptions of the geographical space. I contend that cartographic styles visually prompt alternative territorial perspectives with insights into past geographies. The paper examines three nineteenth-century maps of Yorùbáland in West-Central Africa highlighting cartographic styles, symbolic representations and territorial politics. Through a historical-stylistic analysis, I explore the cultural motivation of map production, their composition and the semiotic evaluation of their representations to stress alternative map appearances. These maps worked in territorial power relations, which highlight map styles as a persuasive element in the social construction of territorial identities and interests. Overall, the paper stresses maps are vital devices in the nineteenth century territorialisation of Yorùbáland, which exemplify the cultural interdependence of Europeans, Americans and Africans.

Advances in the Parameter Space Concept towards Picometer Precise Crystal Structure Refinement—A Resolution Study

The Parameter Space Concept (PSC) is an alternative approach to solving and refining (partial) crystal structures from very few pre-chosen X-ray or neutron diffraction amplitudes without the use of Fourier inversion. PSC interprets those amplitudes as piecewise analytic hyper-surfaces, so-called isosurfaces, in the Parameter Space, which is spanned by the spatial coordinates of all atoms of interest. The intersections of all isosurfaces constitute the (possibly degenerate) structure solution. The present feasibility study investigates the La and Sr split position of the potential high-temperature super-conductor (La0.5Sr1.5)MnO4, I4/mmm, with a postulated total displacement between La and Sr of a few pm by theoretical amplitudes of pre-selected 00l reflections (l=2,4,…,20). The revision of 15-year-old results with state-of-the-art computing equipment enhances the former simplified model by varying the scattering power ratio fLa/fSr, as exploitable by means of resonant scattering contrast at synchrotron facilities, and irrevocably reveals one of the two originally proposed solutions as being a “blurred” pseudo-solution. Finally, studying the resolution limits of PSC as a function of intensity errors by means of Monte-Carlo simulations shows both that the split can only be resolved for sufficiently low errors and, particularly for the resonant scattering contrast, a theoretical precision down to ±0.19 pm can be achieved for this specific structural problem.

Ambedkar and the cinema of reconstitution

ABSTRACT The article analyzes an interview with Ambedkar, published in Filmindia, in 1942 as an insightful deliberation on the idea of decolonial cinema. The singularity of the interview derives from its anti-caste premise, occasioning the enunciation of the intersectional operations of caste in cinema as much as its being the only document in English (so far) that records Ambedkar’s views on the modern medium. His concept of cinema as corrective marks a significant shift in the way early cinema was perceived in pre-independent India. Contrary to the restorative function attributed to the modern medium during the time, Ambedkar found in it a potential for reconstitution. Cinema, according to him, held the possibility of reimagining a conceptual space that was taken over by Brahminical religion in India. Elaborating on four aspects of cinema in particular—its potential to reconstitute a liberating culture of joy in the place of an ensnaring culture of asceticism, its capacity for social reform, the exigency of narrative justice in the depiction of Dalits, and the fashioning of modern spectatorship, Ambedkar describes cinema’s possibility of conceptualizing an anti-caste, decolonial space.

Conceptual Spaces: A Solution to Goodman’s New Riddle of Induction?

AbstractNelson Goodman observed that we use only certain ‘good’ (viz. projectible) predicates during reasoning, with no obvious demarcation criterion in sight to distinguish them from the bad and gruesome ones. This apparent arbitrariness undermines the justifiability of our reasoning practices. Inspired by Quine’s 1969 paper on Natural Kinds, Peter Gärdenfors proposes a cognitive criterion based on his theory of Conceptual Spaces (CS). He argues the good predicates are those referring to natural concepts, and that we can capture naturalness in terms of similarity. In contrast to Quine, he does not primarily rely on logic, but geometry. He frames his account as a descriptive project, however, and it is not obvious how it addresses the normative dimension of Goodman’s Riddle. This paper develops a charitable reconstruction of his argument, based on the idea that the instrumental success of our projectible concepts is grounded in their cognitive-pragmatic naturalness. It then explores three lines of reasoning against the argument: Evolutionarily motivated skepticism, the miracles argument, and the relation between instrumental and pragmatic success. I conclude that in its current form, the CS account fails to provide any justification of reasoning beyond appealing to its instrumental success, and that a metaphysically robust notion of naturalness helps to achieve the desired goal.

Re-imagining performance spaces and locations in ecological dynamics: Implications for pedagogical practices in physical education

Many places and locations for physical education, and the associated pedagogies, limit the enrichment of the individual–environment system. Strengthening this relationship can provide children and youth with greater functionality to navigate a diverse range of environments more effectively, leading to a positive relationship with sport and physical activity across the lifespan. The purpose of this position paper is to draw attention to the role that environmental constraints play in shaping the relationship between places, locations, and pedagogical practice in physical education. More specifically, we demonstrate how the design of spaces for physical education, and movement competencies more generally, emerges under political, historical, cultural, and socioeconomic factors. Ecological dynamics is presented as an explanatory framework to position the concept of open spaces as a means of enriching individual–environment interactions via guided discovery and exploratory behaviour. In unpacking these key concepts, we highlight innovative approaches to the design of open spaces for physical activity and sport, exemplified by the Skills Garden and PLAYCE initiatives. To move beyond the theoretical arguments presented in this article, we encourage practitioners and applied scientists to collaborate and integrate sub-disciplines, applied ideas, and research methods to re-imagine the design of spaces for learning. To take full advantage of redesigned spaces in strengthening the individual–environment system, practitioners need to adopt a model of physical education that complements these contemporary learning spaces.

Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Scenario Simulation of Regional Green Spaces in a Rapidly Urbanizing Type I Large City: A Case Study of Changzhou, China

The rapid urbanization observed in major Chinese cities has resulted in the degradation of both urban and rural environments. In response to this challenge, the concept of regional green spaces has emerged as an innovative approach to coordinate and manage green space resources across urban and rural areas. This study focuses on conducting a comprehensive analysis of the evolution, driving factors, and future scenarios of regional green spaces in Changzhou, which serves as a representative Type I large city in China. To accomplish this analysis, Landsat satellite images from 1992, 2002, 2012, and 2022 were utilized. Various methodologies, including landscape pattern indices for quantitative evaluation, the CLUE-S model, logistic regression for qualitative evaluation, and the Markov–FLUS model, were employed. The findings indicate a continuous decline in the area of regional green spaces in Changzhou, decreasing from 248.23 km2 in 1992 to 204.46 km2 in 2022. Landscape pattern analysis reveals an increase in fragmentation, complexity, irregularity, and human interference within these green spaces. Logistic regression analysis identifies key driving factors influencing regional green spaces, including elevation, urban population, and proximity to water bodies and transportation. The scenario simulations provide valuable insights into potential future trends of regional green spaces. According to the economic priority scenario, a modest increase in regional green spaces is anticipated, while the ecological priority scenario indicates substantial growth. Conversely, the inertial development scenario predicts a continued decline in regional green spaces. This research emphasizes the significance of achieving a harmonious coexistence between economic progress and environmental preservation. It emphasizes the necessity of optimizing the arrangement of green areas within a region while fostering public engagement in the conservation of these spaces. The findings contribute to the protection and sustainable development of the urban environment in the Yangtze River Delta region.

Schutz- und Sorgepraktiken: Wie LSBT-Organisationen in Deutschland Safer Spaces für ihre Arbeit mit queeren Asylbewerber:innen und Geflüchteten adaptieren

Abstract. Since the “summer of migration” in 2015, LGBT organizations have been actively involved in migration work, particularly in creating safer spaces for queer asylum seekers and refugees. This involvement marks a shift as these organizations previously had limited engagement with queer people of color. German LGBT organizations focus on providing support, security, and community for queer asylum seekers and refugees, drawing upon the concept of safer spaces. While existing literature addresses LGBT organizations in development and the challenges faced by queer asylum seekers, there is limited research on the creation of safer spaces. Research suggests a predominant focus on spatial separation as a means of ensuring safety. This article aims to fill this research gap by exploring how German LGBT organizations are adapting and institutionalizing the concept of safer spaces. It investigates the role of spatial separation, control mechanisms, and potential essentialist and cultural biases in shaping safer spaces. The study contextualizes this within the framework of homonationalism in Germany, followed by a theoretical exploration of safer spaces and an empirical analysis of how LGBT organizations conceptualize them. Drawing on expert interviews with spokespersons of German LGBT organizations and an extensive analysis of their websites, my study shows the ways in which the LGBT organizations construct themselves as saviors of vulnerable queer asylum seekers and migrants, while constructing the non-queer asylum seekers and migrants as a threat through othering. Following the logics of these safer space concepts, spatial separation appears as the ultimate solution to offer safety to queer migrants and refugees. In contrast, I also observe alternative safer spaces offered by LGBT organizations, which, in addition to their purely protective function, also create spaces for caring practices and peer-to-peer empowerment through storytelling.

Sparking creativity: Encouraging creative idea generation through automatically generated word recommendations

Creative block is a familiar foe to any who attempt to create and is especially related to “writers block”. While significant effort has been focused on developing methods to break such blocks, it remains an active challenge. Here, we focus on the role of semantic memory structure in driving creative block, by having people get “stuck” in a certain part of their semantic memory network. We directly examine whether we can “pull out” a participant from where they got “stuck” in their semantic memory, breaking their creative impasse. Our Associative Creativity Sparker (ACS) is a cognitive network science-based online tool that aims to spark creative ideas and break creative impasse: Once a participant runs out of ideas in a creative idea generation task, word recommendations are suggested to prime new ideas. These word recommendations are either towards or away from previous ideas, as well as close or far from the target object, based on a conceptual space extracted from the participants responses using online text analysis. In Study 1, 121 participants use the ACS to generate creative alternative uses for five different objects and completed creativity and Gf tasks. In Study 2, we repeat the design of Study 1, but further examine the impact of writing experience on the ACS, by examining 120 novice and 120 experienced writers. Across both studies, our results indicate that the location of word recommendations affects the fluency and originality of one’s ideas, and that novice and experienced writers differently benefit from these word recommendations.

Refreshing the affinity space concept: evolving understandings of learning via social media platforms in an algorithmic age

Purpose The purpose of this conceptual paper is to describe how the affinity space concept has been used to frame learning via social media, and call for and discuss a refresh of the affinity space concept to accommodate changes in social media platforms and algorithms. Design/methodology/approach Guided by a sociocultural perspective, this paper reviews and discusses some ways the affinity space concept has been used to frame studies across various contexts, its benefits and disadvantages and how it has already evolved. It then calls for and describes a refresh of the affinity space concept. Findings Although conceptualized 20 years ago, the affinity space concept remains relevant to understanding social media use for learning. However, a refresh is needed to accommodate how platforms have changed, algorithms’ evolving role in social media participation and how these technologies influence users’ interactions and experiences. This paper offers three perspectives to expand the affinity space concept’s usefulness in an increasingly platformized and algorithmically mediated world. Practical implications This paper underscores the importance of algorithmic literacy for learners and educators, as well as regulations and guidance for social media platforms. Originality/value This conceptual paper revisits and updates a widely utilized conceptual framing with consideration for how social media platform design and algorithms impact interactions and shape user experiences.

Social construction of geographicity: A vision from humanistic geography

Society is a human construct in a continuous historical process, hence, also geographical. The Social is always composed of a temporal and spatial dimension and, therefore, necessarily endowed with historicity and geographicity. According to Dardel (2022), geographicity is the existential connection of the human being with the earth, that is, the spatial experience obtained by the subjective apprehension of the objective world. This article aims to establish a revaluation of the concept of geographicity in the social sciences debate, discerning it as a social construct by considering theoretical foundations from humanistic geography, phenomenology, and the sociology of knowledge, linked as a proposal for an epistemological alternative in the field of theoretical geography itself. The concepts of space, landscape, place, perception of space, material space, conceived space, and lived space are the key concepts that interlace the dialectical relationship between the objective and subjective manifestations of reality, as a way of socially constructing geography. The result is, therefore, the evident epistemic fertility of humanistic geography, presented in this work through the theoretical review regarding a social construction of geographicity.