Zinc Nitrate Concentration Research Articles

Green synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Monoon longifolium leave extract for biological applications

The present study deals with the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using the Monoonlongifolium (M. longifolium) leaf extract. The prepared ZnO NPs were characterized by XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, TGA/DTA, and SEM. The synthesis parameters, such as plant extract volume (10–50 mL), heating duration (15 min), zinc nitrate concentration (1 mM), reaction time (1 h), and temperature (60 °C), were optimized. The synthesized ZnO NPs exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcusaureus (22 ± 0.57 mm) and Escherichiacoli (19 ± 1 mm), as well as antifungal activity against Candidaalbicans (21 ± 0.16 mm), as determined by the agar-well-diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ZnO-NPs against S. aureus (6.25µg/mL) and E. coli (12.5 µg/mL), respectively, while the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was 25 µg/mL against Candidaalbicans. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of the ZnO NPs ranged from 0 to 78% (IC50 = 12.5 μg/mL). These results demonstrate the potential of the synthesized ZnO NPs as effective antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant agents.

Characterizations of ZnO Nanoparticles Green Synthesized using Flaxseeds Extract for Biomedical Applications

ZnO-NPs were synthesized chemically and using the green synthesis technique by flaxseeds (Linum usitatissimum L.), which uses water to extract flaxseeds in a biologically convenient, secure and affordable manner, under different conditions of shape of flaxseed, grinded and full seeds, different concentrations of the precursor, zinc nitrate hexahydrate, (7.43, 14.87 and 22.31 g) each per 50 mL of distilled water to obtain (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mol/L) concentrations and different pH 8, 10, 12 and 13 and studying its characterizations using X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to obtain the best ZnO-NPs size and morphological properties for biomedical uses. HIGHLIGHTS Green synthesized ZnO-NPs using flaxseed extract Whole seed flaxseed extract synthesizes ZnO-NPs with smaller size and spherical shape Higher zinc nitrate concentration increases ZnO-NPs size under pH 8 - 10 GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Crystal structure of ZnO nanocrystals synthesized by the spray pyrolysis method

The paper discusses the issues related to the influence of technological conditions of synthesis by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis on the size and lattice parameters of ZnO:Mn nanocrystals. It is found that, depending on the concentration of zinc nitrate in the base solution from 5% to 10%, the synthesized nanocrystals have sizes ranging from 36÷40 nm for small solution droplets and 51÷55 nm for large droplets, respectively. Based on the X-ray diffraction data, it is found that the nanocrystals of small sizes have a more perfect crystal structure with a small number of intrinsic defects compared to the nanocrystals of larger sizes.

Green synthesis of ZnONps using Horse gram seed aqueous extract and its in vitro evaluation on antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer and DNA binding potential

The goal of this study was to access the green production of zinc oxide nanoparticles (G-ZnO NPs) using aqueous extract of horse gram seeds (Macrotyloma Uniflorum). The precursor to the extract ratio (2.5:1) and pH value (8.5), along with the zinc nitrate concentration (0.5 M), had an impact on the particle size and the green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. UV Spectroscopy inspection revealed formation of G-ZnO NPs with absorption at 320 nm which is the characteristic absorption of G-ZnO NPs. FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX and TEM were used to characterize the green synthesized ZnO NPs. The findings demonstrated that the presence of secondary metabolites in the seed extractstabilize and contribute in the production of G-ZnO NPs. A dose-dependent increase in antibacterial activity was seen in evaluation of these NPs against Klebsiella, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antioxidant activity and antidiabetic activity for G-ZnO NPs was also noted to be concentration dependent. The synthesized nanoparticles are found to interact with CT-DNA to produce a hypochromic shift. Further the studies on the G-ZnONPs in MCF-7 cells using the MTT test demonstrated greater cellular inhibition. The results validate that the green synthesized ZnO-NPs from horse gram seed possess good biological activities and can be an excellent biologically derived potential material which could be used in the drug discovery from natural products.

Fabrication of tunable band gap carbon based zinc nanocomposites for enhanced capacitive behaviour

This manuscript highlights the tunable properties of carbon nanospheres by controlling the concentration of zinc nitrate in them. Zinc nitrate has converted the phase of carbon spheres, which has also altered the optical, structural and electrochemical properties of carbon nanospheres by forming nanocomposites. Carbon nanospheres and their nanocomposites have been synthesized by using a two-step hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction analysis of the as synthesized material revealed the formation of carbon spheres and their nanocomposites. It is also observed that the crystallinity of the as synthesized material increases as the concentration of Zn(NO3)2.6H2O increases. UV- visible measurements revealed a blue shift in the as-synthesized samples. With the increase in the concentration of zinc, the band gap was also found to increase from 0.6 eV to 4.7 eV. The morphological and microstructural analysis of the as-synthesized samples showed the formation of nanospheres for as-synthesized carbon, and nano flakes for carbon nanocomposites. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) measurement provided the information about the molecular structure and vibrational bands present in the samples. Electrochemical analysis of the thin film revealed the capacitive behaviour of the material. The aerial capacitance and Nyquist plot represents the capacitive properties of the material. The present study on carbon nanospheres and their nanocomposites showed that the material is a potential candidate for the application in capacitors, supercapacitors and energy storage devices.

Short-Term Toxicity of ZnO Nanoparticles on Microalgae at Different Initial Nutrient Concentrations

The aim of this work was to investigate the combined short-term toxic effect of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) and nitrate concentration of the medium on freshwater microalgae. For this purpose, freshwater microalgae Chlorococcum sp. was cultivated in modified Blue-Green medium (BG-11) containing nitrate concentrations ranging from 0 to 300 mg/L, and exposed to ZnO NPs in different concentrations (0.081 to 810 mg/L) for a period up to 96 h. The experimental results revealed that algal growth was affected by the exposure time, NPs concentrations, and mainly the initial nitrate concentration. Differences in microalgae growth rates were observed. The toxic effect of ZnO NPs was higher on microalgae cultured in modified BG-11 with low and high nitrate concentrations. During the 4-day exposure, the highest growth rates were observed at 24 h at an initial nitrate concentration of 50 mg/L; 1.94 d−1 and 0.22 d−1 for 0 and 810 mg/L ZnO NPs, respectively. Nitrate uptake by algal biomass reached up to 40.1% after 96 h of operation in the control culture with an initial nitrate concentration of 50 mg/L. Finally, the results of this study showed the need for the investigation of ZnO NPs toxicity on microalgae under optimum and stressful nutrient conditions for microalgae growth.

Effect of Zinc Nitrate Concentration on the Morphology of ZnO Nanostructures Grown by Hydrothermal Method

Herein, the influence of the precursor concentration on the morphology of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures prepared via hydrothermal process using zinc nitrate salt with varied concentrations (from 0.01 to 0.15 m) is investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–vis transmittance, photoluminescence, and X‐ray diffraction are used to characterize the synthetized nanostructures. It is revealed in the obtained results that the salt concentration is a key parameter that controls the ZnO nanostructure. It is concluded that a low salt concentration (0.01 and 0.05 m) leads to the formation of ZnO nanorods while increasing the salt concentration (from 0.1 to 0.15 m) leads to the formation of nanosheets mixed with nanorods‐ and nanosheets‐like morphology. The ZnO nanostructures growth mechanism is discussed.

Effect of Adsorbents on Resistance Parameters of Heavy Metal-contaminated Clayey Sand Soils

Combining soil with some adsorbents improves soil structure and shear strength. Thus, an optimal ratio of some adsorbents in the soil composition enhances soil adsorption capacity, reduces the possibility of groundwater contamination with these hazardous compounds, and leads to increase soil resistance parameters. This paper investigates the effect of heavy metals and adsorbents on the geotechnical behavior of clayey sand soils contaminated with lead and zinc as heavy metals as well as zeolite and rice husk ash as adsorbents. Clayey sand (mixture of sand with 20% kaolinite or bentonite) was considered as a base composition and the behavior of it was studied in both contaminated and uncontaminated states. Then, for increasing the heavy metal adsorption capacity of clayey sand, two types of adsorbents (zeolite and rice husk ash ) were added to the base composition and their behavior were investigated in the case of Lead and Zinc contamination. The results revealed that replacing the rice husk ash and zeolite adsorbents in the sand combination with 20% kaolinite clay significantly reduced the concentration of lead and zinc nitrate in the solution. Replacing 15% of rice husk ash with kaolinite heightened the absorption of lead nitrate and zinc nitrate by 228.8% and 291.6% in kaolinite sand. It was also found that adding nitrate to kaolinite increased the liquid and plastic limits. According to the results, in kaolinite, the value of the liquid limit rose from 49.8 to 59.1 upon elevating the concentration of lead to 5000 ppm, while the plastic limit also increased from 31 in the non-contaminated state to 36.4 in 5000 ppm in the infected state. According to obtained results, the dispersed structure is formed by increasing the concentration of lead nitrate in composition of sandy clay with low plasticity adsorbent; thus, shear resistance decreased. Changing in type of clay minerals to high plasticity cause the different trend in shear resistance parameters. Increasing the concentration of lead nitrate in bentonite composition, lead to flocculated structure be formed and shear strength increased.

Facile synthesis of N doped ZnO Coral bundles for enhanced photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity

AbstractAn efficient single‐step facile synthesis of coral bundle‐like nanocrystalline N‐doped ZnO was developed using (NH4)2CO3 as a source of nitrogen. The method of zinc nitrate addition and concentration of ammonium carbonate (3.5 mol/L) played a pivotal role in the formation of coral bundle‐like morphology along with nitrogen doping and change in color of the prepared nanomaterial. XPS, Raman, and the peak broadening in XRD confirmed the presence of nitrogen in the crystal lattice. An enhanced absorbance in the UV‐visible DRS spectrum predicts the visible light‐ and UV light‐induced photocatalytic activities for the degradation of organics via a radical mediated mechanism as evidenced by EPR analysis. The results evidence the particle size (9‐12 nm), morphology (coral bundle like), surface roughness (33.87 nm), and surface area (44.028 m2/g) of the prepared coral bundle‐shaped nitrogen‐doped zinc oxide (CBSNZ) photocatalyst. CBSNZ showed a twofold increase in visible light photocatalytic activity when compared to ZnO and excellent antimicrobial properties when compared to the standard streptomycin and ketoconazole. The MIC for CBSNZ was very less when compared to the standards for “Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter aerogenes.” This provides a wider application of CBSNZ as an environmentally benign nanomaterial.

Ion exchange capacity of zeolite A with zinc nitrate and its antimicrobial activity

Abstract Various type of zeolites has been produced based on kaolinite and this study likewise utilized kaolin clay as raw material to synthesis zeolite A. Kaolin was in inactive state, therefore it was transformed to metakaolin through dehydroxylation at 800 °C for 4 h. The metakaolin as a source of silica and alumina was then utilized in the synthesis of zeolite A. After hydrothermal synthesis, the zeolite A was exchanged with different concentration of zinc nitrate solution. Zinc content in ion-exchanged zeolite A, ZnA was determined through AAS to calculate the ion exchange capacity. Higher concentration of zinc nitrate had higher zinc content and higher ion exchange capacity. Zeolite A and zinc-exchanged zeolite A were characterized under SEM, XRD and FTIR. Finally, zeolite A and zinc-exchanged zeolite A was used to investigate the antimicrobial properties against gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli and gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. There was no antimicrobial activity for zeolite A yet zinc-ion–exchanged zeolite A showed inhibition zones around the samples for both the microorganisms.

Multivariable Analysis of Electrodeposited Silane/Zinc Coating—Improvement of Cathodic Protection of Steel

In order to enhance corrosion protection efficiency of electrodeposited sol–gel zinc/silica coatings, this paper resorted to a central composite design as a tool to improve cathodic protection effectiveness time and electrochemical tests to understand the film protection mechanism. Coatings were produced by electrodeposition of a mixture of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and Zn2+ onto carbon steel. The amount of silane agent, concentration of zinc nitrate and the applied potential were chosen as the variables to be studied. Open-circuit potentials in NaCl 3.5% (wt.) solution were monitored to verify the duration of cathodic protection, according to ISO 15589-2:201. Microstructures characterization and distribution of deposited zinc were determined by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. At last, coating degradation was analyzed by potentiodynamic polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and visual inspection of corrosion products. Results revealed films whose cathodic protection endured more than 600 min of immersion when higher concentrations of Zn2+ were combined with lower potentials and lower silane content. Furthermore, visual inspection of immersed specimens showed no corrosion signs for carbon steel samples deposited with zinc and TEOS, even after 20 h, providing a superior protection when compared to the sample deposited solely with zinc.

Rational Design of Bioactive and Antibacterial Efficient Nano-ZnO Loaded Chitosan Dressing for Improved Wound Healing after Femoral Fracture Surgery and Nursing Care Management

The present work deals with the preparation of bio-nanocomposite for enhanced antibacterial activity and its application on surgical care. Chitosan-ZnO nanocomposite was prepared by direct addition of dissolved chitosan with zinc nitrate and sodium hydroxide solution. The formation of chitosan-ZnO nanocomposite was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and UV–Visible spectroscopic analyses. Hexagonal structure of ZnO was determined by X-ray diffraction patterns. With two-fold increase of zinc nitrate concentration, higher zinc ion content in the nanocomposite was obtained and evidenced by atomic absorption spectroscopy studies. The thermal analysis revealed the stability of chitosan increased with formation of chitosan-ZnO nanocomposite. The scanning electron microscope images revealed that ZnO nanoparticles were dispersed within the chitosan matrix. The prepared nanocomposite had a higher antibacterial activity than pure chitosan which showed excellent activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) with highest zone of inhibition 90 mm. The prepared nanocomposite formulations exhibited excellent in vitro cytocompatibility and in vivo histological activity, which demonstrates the favourable wound healing behaviour of materials.

Solution-Processed Anti Reflective Transparent Conducting Electrode for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Film Solar Cells

Silver nanowire (AgNW) networks have been adopted as a front electrode in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells due to their low cost and compatibility with the solution process. When an AgNW network is applied to a CIGS thin film solar cell, reflection loss can increase because the CdS layer, with a relatively high refractive index (n ~ 2.5 at 550 nm), is exposed to air. To resolve the issue, we apply solution-processed ZnO nanorods to the AgNW network as an anti-reflective coating. To obtain high performance of the optical and electrical properties of the ZnO nanorod and AgNW network composite, we optimize the process parameters – the spin coating of AgNWs and the concentration of zinc nitrate and hexamethylene tetramine (HMT – to fabricate ZnO nanorods. We verify that 10 mM of zinc nitrate and HMT show the lowest reflectance and 10% cell efficiency increase when applied to CIGS thin film solar cells.

A Novel Process for the Preparation of ZnO Nanoparticles and ZnO/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe₂O₄ Nanocomposites.

A novel solution combustion and gel calcination process for the preparation of ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe₂O₄ nanocomposites was introduced. The phase identification, morphologies and magnetic properties of ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe₂O₄ nanocomposites were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results showed that the concentration of zinc nitrate and the calcination temperature were two key factors for the grain size, crystallinity and properties of ZnO nanoparticles, while, the mass ratio of ZnO and Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe₂O₄ in ZnO/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe₂O₄ nanocomposites was the important factor for the specific magnetizations (Ms) of ZnO/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe₂O₄ nanocomposites.

Cyclotron production of 68Ga in a liquid target: Effects of solution composition and irradiation parameters

ObjectivesTo optimize 68Ga production using a liquid cyclotron target, investigations were performed to compare production yields using different concentrations of [68Zn]Zn(NO3)2, nitric acid, and irradiation parameters. MethodsDifferent concentrations of [68Zn]Zn(NO3)2 (0.6 M, 1.2 M and 1.42 M) in varying normality of nitric acid (0.8–1.5 N) were prepared and irradiated with protons (incident energy ~14 MeV) using a BMLT-2 liquid target at different beam currents (30–50 μA) and irradiation times (30–60 min). The 68Ga production and saturation yields were calculated and compared. [68Ga]GaCl3 was isolated using in-house developed hydroxamate resin and optimized for routine application. Recycling of [68Zn]Zn(NO3)2 from the recovered target solution was also investigated. ResultsOn increasing concentration of [68Zn]Zn(NO3)2 from 0.6 M to 1.2 M in 0.8 N nitric acid, decay corrected yield of 68Ga at EOB was found to be 1.64 GBq (44.4 mCi) and 3.37 GBq (91.0 mCi), respectively at 30 μA beam current, indicating production yield was proportional to zinc nitrate concentration for a 30 min irradiation. However, when beam current was increased to 40 μA while maintaining nitric acid concentration at 0.8 N, the proportional relationship of 68Zn-concentration with 68Ga production yield was lost [0.6 M, 2.29 GBq (61.9 mCi); 1.2 M, 3.6 GBq (97.3 mCi)] for a 30 min irradiation. In fact, the effect was more profound for 60 min irradiations [0.6 M, 2.96 GBq (80.0 mCi); 1.2 M, 4.25 GBq (115 mCi)]. Increasing nitric acid concentration to 1.25–1.5 N improved 68Ga production yield for 40 μA, 60-min irradiations (1.2 M; 5.17 GBq (140 mCi)). MP-AES analysis showed metal impurities as <0.20 μg Ga (n = 3), <0.93 μg Zn (n = 3) and < 2.7 μg Fe (n = 3). Based on above finding, 1.42 M [68Zn]Zn(NO3)2 in 1.2 N-HNO3 solutions were also studied to achieve highest production yields of 9.85 ± 2.09 GBq (266 ± 57 mCi) for 60 min irradiation at 40 μA beam current. After recycling,> 99% pure recycled [68Zn]zinc nitrate was obtained in 82.6 ± 13.6% yield. Conclusions68Ga production yields were dependent on all four variables: concentrations of [68Zn]Zn(NO3)2 and nitric acid, beam current and duration of irradiation. Of note, increasing beam current and irradiation time may require increased concentrations of nitric acid to achieve expected increments in 68Ga production yield.

The Impact of Growth Temperature on Nanorod Morphology and Optical Properties for CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cell Device Application

Abstract Perovskite solar cells have been studied intensively by photovoltaic researchers in recent years due to their ability to absorb proper light. This research describes the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell fabrication process. The solar cell structure is composed of ITO/ZnO seed layer/ZnO NRs/CH3NH3PbI3, with ZnO NRs as a nano shaped stem layer where perovskite crystals form. ZnO NRs have been successfully synthesized on the ITO substrate by a hydrothermal method. The ZnO seed layer is synthesized by a spin coating method in a mixture of zinc acetate dihydrate solution and ethanol. ZnO NRs were synthesized using hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) and zinc nitrate with a 1:1 molar ratio for 6 h. Some variations in growth temperature used were 80, 90 and 100 oC with a zinc nitrate concentration of 50 mM. Similarly, perovskite film devices are made through a two-step deposition using PbI2 and CH3NH3I as the main ingredients. The effects of synthesis conditions on ZnO NRs film and perovskite film devices were systematically investigated to look at the structure, morphology, optical properties of films and electrical properties of films using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), IV meter and LCR AC meter. The SEM results show that as the temperature increases, the size of the diameter and length of the rods are increased. The large rod diameter and length decrease the value of energy band gap. ZnO NRs synthesized with 50 mM concentrations at 100 oC showed the best results regarding morphology and optical properties. The film has a diameter size of 365 nm, length of the rod of 5.1 µm, and an energy band gap of 3.15 eV. The diffraction results.

Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanorods by Hydrothermal Methods and Its Application on Perovskite Solar Cells

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of ZnO Nanorods (ZnO NRs) morphology synthesized by the hydrothermal method to electrical properties of CH3NH3PbI3/ZnO NRs perovskite solar cell (PSCs). ZnO nanorods were synthesized on the ITO substrate by a hydrothermal method. ZnO NRs were synthesized using hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) and zinc nitrate with a 1:1 molar ratio for 6 h. The growth temperature varied at 90°C and 100°C. The zinc nitrate concentration also varied at 25mM and 50 mM. The perovskite was made through a two-step deposition by spin coating with PbI2 and CH3NH3I as the main ingredients. The effects of the synthesis conditions on ZnO NRs and Perovskite films were systematically investigated by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), LCR AC meters and multimeters. The SEM results showed that as the temperature and concentration of zinc nitrate increase the size of the diameter and length of the rods are increasing. ZnO NRs synthesized with 50 mM concentrations of zinc nitrate at a growth temperature of 90 °C temperature showed the best results in terms of ZnO NRs morphology. The XRD characterization results showed that the formed CH3NH3PbI3 film contained PbI2 impurities. The existence of PbI2 was suspected in opening the gap of recombination causing in low current and high dielectric constant.

Growth Mechanism and Optical Properties of Phosphorus‐Doped ZnO Nanorods Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method

Phosphorus‐doped ZnO nanorods were successfully prepared by hydrothermal method using ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as the dopant source. The effects of different Zn sources, zinc nitrate concentration, reaction duration, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate concentration, and annealing temperature on the morphologies and phosphorus content of ZnO nanorods were investigated. The doping mechanism of phosphorus‐doped ZnO nanorods has been discussed. Detailed photoluminescence studies of phosphorus‐doped ZnO revealed characteristic phosphorus acceptor‐related peaks: neutral acceptor‐bound exciton emission at 3.347 eV, and donor‐to‐acceptor pair emission at 3.232 eV, free‐electron to neutral‐acceptor emission at 3.312 eV. This means that stable acceptor levels with a binding energy of about 126 meV were formed by phosphorus doping.

Growth of ZnO nanorods via low temperature hydrothermal method and their application for Hydrogen production

Here, we illustrate the growth of ZnO-NRs through low temperature hydrothermal process on ZnO thin film seed layer. Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) is selected to be substrate material for all experimental condition. The crucial parameters in the growth process are systematically studied. The precursor concentration of zinc nitrate (Zn(NO3)2) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) were varied from 10 mM to 100 mM, respectively. Regarding to FE-SEM images found that the morphology of ZnO-NRs strongly corresponds with the precursor concentration. The average diameter of the ZnO-NRs starts increasing from 104.38 nm to 325 nm when the precursor concentration was risen during 10 - 60 mM. However, the nanorod-like dense film structure due to the coalescence occurred when the precursor concentration reached to 80 mM. The synthesized ZnO-NRs demonstrate a potential promising as photoanode electrode in electrochemical system for hydrogen production.

Effect of Zinc Nitrate Concentration on the Optical and Morphological Properties of ZnO Nanorods for Photovoltaic Applications.

We report the effect of zinc nitrate (ZN) concentration on the growth of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods and their optical and morphological properties. As prepared ZnO nanorods on glass substrate were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), ultra violet-visible (UV-Vis), Raman and Photo-luminescence (PL) spectroscopy. FE-SEM results show that the nanorods were obtained for the 0.033 and 0.053 M concentration of ZN. As the ZN concentration increased from 0.033 M to 0.053 M, the diameter of the nanorods was increased. It indicated that the diameter of the nanorods was affected by the ZN concentration. The Raman spectra of nanorods show only one peak at 438 cm(-1) corresponding to E2(high) high mode, which means that ZnO nanorods grown perpendicularly on the glass substrate, i.e., the ZnO nanorod arrays are highly c-axis oriented. Room-temperature PL spectrum of the as-grown ZnO nanorods reveals a near-band-edge (NBE) emission peak and defect induced green light emission. The green light emission band at -579 nm might be attributed to surface oxygen vacancies or defects. The UV-visible measurements reflect that the total transmittance for the as grown ZnO nanorods is over 80%. The simple technique presented in this study to grow ZnO nanorods on a glass substrate can be helpful for making the cost effective photovoltaic devices.