Computer Manufacturers Research Articles

Impact of Innovation Quality on the Growth Performance of Entrepreneurial Enterprises: The Role of Knowledge Capital

In the context of the continuous growth of the digital economy, the steady and sustainable development and growth of enterprises are increasingly dependent on the quality of innovation and knowledge capital. Based on the resource-based view and from the perspective of knowledge capital, this paper takes the knowledge capital index composed of human resource capital, innovation and R&D capability capital, innovation facility capital and relational capital as the intermediary variable and explores the mechanism of the influence of innovation quality on the growth performance of entrepreneurial enterprises from the enterprise level. Taking computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing enterprises listed on GEM from 2017 to 2021 as the research object, this paper uses hierarchical regression and Bootstrap methods to explore the specific path of the impact of innovation quality on the growth performance of entrepreneurial enterprises and conducts an empirical analysis and robust analysis. This research shows that the innovative quality of entrepreneurial enterprises can significantly promote growth performance, and knowledge capital plays an intermediary role in it. The conclusion of this paper provides theoretical support for this kind of enterprise to improve the quality of innovation and make good use of knowledge capital and provides an empirical basis and reference for their sustainable and stable growth.

Two points of discussion on the 2022 General Court Judgment in Intel

This article discusses the General Court Judgment of 26 January 2022 which annuls the part of the Commission Decision of 13 May 2009 in Intel related to the exclusivity or quasi-exclusivity rebates granted by Intel to a number of computer manufacturers and a microelectronics retailer. In particular it highlights reasons why, in the author’s view, the General Court Judgment, if left unchanged, could create a wrong precedent for the assessment of exclusivity rebates, and explains how the Judgment articulates the ECJ Judgment in a way which is at odds with the economic reality of those conducts, but also with the very philosophy of the ECJ Judgment.

Error perturbation analysis method in broad band monitoring of optical coating

Broadband optical monitoring (BBOM) is the state-of-the-art technique for depositing high-performance optical coatings. We propose an error perturbation analysis method using Taylor expansion and statistical techniques to calculate the actual spectral performance of BBOM coatings. The causes of random thickness errors and their numerical analysis method required for the analytical method are thoroughly explored. We compare the spectrum of an ultra-steep dichroic filter and a broad band anti-reflection coating simulated by the analytical method and computational manufacturing. The result shows that this analytical method can predict the actual spectrum precisely and effectively. Such error perturbation analysis method will be used in the coating deposition process with BBOM to improve the production yield.

Advanced solid-state welding based on computational manufacturing using the additive manufacturing process

Advanced solid-state welding based on computational manufacturing using the additive manufacturing process

Group delay dispersion monitoring for computational manufacturing of dispersive mirrors.

We present a computational manufacturing program for monitoring group delay dispersion (GDD). Two kinds of dispersive mirrors computational manufactured by GDD, broadband, and time monitoring simulator are compared. The results revealed the particular advantages of GDD monitoring in dispersive mirror deposition simulations. The self-compensation effect of GDD monitoring is discussed. GDD monitoring can improve the precision of layer termination techniques, it may become a possible approach to manufacture other optical coatings.

Copula-based multivariate EWMA control charts for monitoring the mean vector of bivariate processes using a mixture model

Control charts are the main tools in the statistical process monitoring area to investigate how the quality of production remains stable or changes over the time. This article develops Hotelling’s T 2 and multivariate exponentially weighted moving average (MEWMA) control charts for monitoring the mean vector of processes when observations come from a mixture copula model including, Gumbel, Clayton, and Frank copulas. The proposed mixture model enables the quality inspectors to cover several dependence levels of observations, from weak and moderate to strong in positive values by Kendall’s tau. To assess the performance of the proposed charts, extensive Monte-Carlo simulations were conducted based on the average run length (ARL) metric for both in-control and out-of-control states by considering a bivariate process with normal marginals. For more illustration, the step-by-step procedure of the proposed monitoring technique implementation has been investigated in a computer manufacturing process with both Phases I and II analysis.

Computational Design and Manufacturing of Sustainable Materials through First-Principles and Materiomics.

Engineered materials are ubiquitous throughout society and are critical to the development of modern technology, yet many current material systems are inexorably tied to widespread deterioration of ecological processes. Next-generation material systems can address goals of environmental sustainability by providing alternatives to fossil fuel-based materials and by reducing destructive extraction processes, energy costs, and accumulation of solid waste. However, development of sustainable materials faces several key challenges including investigation, processing, and architecting of new feedstocks that are often relatively mechanically weak, complex, and difficult to characterize or standardize. In this review paper, we outline a framework for examining sustainability in material systems and discuss how recent developments in modeling, machine learning, and other computational tools can aid the discovery of novel sustainable materials. We consider these through the lens of materiomics, an approach that considers material systems holistically by incorporating perspectives of all relevant scales, beginning with first-principles approaches and extending through the macroscale to consider sustainable material design from the bottom-up. We follow with an examination of how computational methods are currently applied to select examples of sustainable material development, with particular emphasis on bioinspired and biobased materials, and conclude with perspectives on opportunities and open challenges.

Wipro Infotech's Pivot From Computer Hardware to R&D Services for IT

The Indian minicomputer policy of 1978 licensed computer manufacturing to the private sector. Wipro obtained a license, and set-up Wipro Infotech as a division in 1980-81 to manufacture minicomputers. One of their strengths was a strong in-house research and development (R&D) capability for designing minicomputers. The 1984 policy made it easier for multinational computer firms to tie-up with Indian firms and sell computers in India. Wipro Infotech tied-up with Sun Microsystems and other multinationals. This meant an uncertain future for Wipro Infotech's minicomputers and their R&D capability. An alternative was to redeploy this capability to provide R&D services for multinational information technology (IT) firms. The Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) policy introduced in 1990 made offshore driven Indian IT services – both R&D and software services – exports attractive. Wipro Infotech leveraged their R&D capability and the STPI policy to pivot from computer hardware to R&D services.

Reform of Talent Training Mode of Mechanical Manufacturing and Automation under the "1+X" Certificate System

In recent years, in order to cultivate the skills of vocational college students, major vocational schools have increased their professional skills training. At present, in the course of mechanical manufacturing and automation, the school mostly adopts the cooperative learning mode. It conducts computer manufacturing skills practice for graduates. At the learning stage, middle school students and company personnel assess them together to improve their professional skills. Under the background of "1+X" certificate, the education of mechanical manufacturing and automation major in vocational colleges continues to realize the "1+X" certificate system, helping students practice knowledge in the process. Based on the "1+X" certificate system, this paper studies how to realize the effective combination of mechanical manufacturing and automation teaching and the "1+X" certification system.

A Study of Components of Total Quality Management and Lean Manufacturing System Affecting Management Efficiency of Computer manufacturing industry in Thailand.

A Study of Components of Total Quality Management and Lean Manufacturing System Affecting Management Efficiency of Computer manufacturing industry in Thailand.

Optimization of the Bionic Wing Shape of Tidal Turbines Using Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm

In this study, we improved the energy acquisition efficiency of tidal turbines with bionic airfoils by optimizing the seagull, long-eared owl, sparrowhawk, and two-dimensional airfoils, thereby obtaining a better lift–drag ratio. We used Isight software to integrate the Integrated Computer Engineering and Manufacturing (ICEM) software and used Fluent simulation software, batch operation file, and multi-island genetic algorithm to maximize the lift–drag ratio as the objective function for optimizing the original airfoil. The optimized upper airfoil profile was distributed upward from the starter wing, and the thickness of the upper wing was the greatest. Meanwhile, the lower airfoil profile was thinner and more curved. The thickness of the three airfoils was distributed backward from the front of the wing, with the maximum thickness at the front, and the maximum camber was distributed backward from the front. The three optimized wings exhibited a maximum lift–drag ratio at an angle of attack of approximately 5°, with the sparrowhawk wing having a maximum lift–drag ratio of 80.87 at an angle of attack of 6°, the seagull wing having a maximum lift–drag ratio of 76.82 at an angle of attack of 4°, and the long-eared owl wing having a maximum lift–drag ratio of 68.43 at an angle of attack of 5°.

Artificial intelligence from the perspective of polish intellectual property law. Selected issues

Keywords: artificial intelligence, intellectual property law, copyright, industrialproperty law, computer programs
 In Poland, as in other countries, there is an ongoing discussion on legal issues related to artificial intelligence. Formany people, there is no doubt that this intelligence should be protected. The problem rather narrows down to what conditions must be met for this protection. Some Polish scientists want to wait for solutions to be developed in the European Union.Poland, as a member state of the European Union, must respect the regulations emerging at the EU level. These regulations are only being planned. There is a certain risk in introducing new regulations in Poland without waiting for EU solutions.It could turn out that the laws adopted by Poland would be incompatible, not in compliance with European law.On the other hand, the software producers' communities are pushing for the introductionof relevant legislation now. They claim that this is needed to protect the funds that are being invested in artificial intelligence in Poland. In their view, without proper legislation, investors will reduce financial support for the developmentof artificial intelligence. In fact, however, the computer manufacturers' communityis not at all concerned with protecting 'mere' artificial intelligence. It is protected in Poland and can be provided by copyright law in particular. The most important issue in Poland already relates to the protection of creations generatedby artificial intelligence. This is in fact what the computer software development community and beyond cares most about.However, the protection of creations of artificial intelligence is not only about benefits, but also about threats. This will be discussed further in the article. Some lawyers are considering how to interpret the existing legislation so that the protectionof artificial intelligence creations is already possible. They want to use existing theoretical constructs to justify this protection.

Research on reducing CWS value based on product lean design

The research on improving production efficiency and reducing labor cost by reducing production CWS is the focus of notebook computer manufacturing enterprises. This research breaks the traditional method of reducing CWS at the production end and chooses to find breakthroughs from the whole life cycle of products. Finally, innovatively based on product lean design, and from the product design side, explore the optimization opportunity to reduce the CWS value of product production, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing CWS. Firstly, laptop model S is selected as the research object, and its structure disassembly and analysis, assembly action research and station sequencing were carried out to preliminarily determine the product production process. According to the production bottleneck process time, the current CT of the production line was determined to be 13S, and the initial CWS value of the production line was calculated to be 0.2167. Then, based on the principles of lean product design, the CONN of FAN, Battery, Speaker and RCT are optimized to make their assembly easier. The SSD fixation method, I/O BKT and I/O modular design are optimized to eliminate the need for auxiliary BKT assembly. In addition, Center Hook and WLAN were integrated on MB, and their assembly was cancelled, so that the design of the optimized parts was more integrated and modular. Then, the optimized product was rearranged for production. The CWS value of the optimized product was 0.1589, which decreased by 27 % compared with that before optimization.

Industrial IoT and Long Short-Term Memory Network-Enabled Genetic Indoor-Tracking for Factory Logistics

Acquiring the real-time spatial–temporal information of manufacturing resources holds the promise to enable efficient operation in factory logistics. This article proposes a system architecture using industrial Internet of Things and digital twin technologies to fulfill spatial–temporal traceability and visibility with seamless cyber-physical synchronization for finished goods logistics in the workshop. A long short-term memory network-enabled genetic indoor-tracking algorithm (GITA) is developed to locate product trolleys via a bluetooth low energy technology, with ultra-wideband applied to sample labeling in the training stage. It is enlightened by genetics to achieve self-adapting online for the long-term performance. A feature selection method based on received signal strength indicator is designed to deal with signal multipath fading and streamline the learning process. In addition, the spatial–temporal information obtained is leveraged to activate location-based services that can help promote operational efficiency. Moreover, a real-life case study is carried out in a world-leading computer manufacturer’s factory to illustrate the viability and practicality of the system and methods proposed, with hardware and software developed. By comparison, the GITA shows superiority over existing approaches despite various noises under the manufacturing scenario, attaining a location precision of about 2 m with a 98.12% accuracy.

Modelling soil emissions and precision agriculture in fertilization life cycle assessment - A case study of wheat production in Austria

The environmental assessment of using optical crop sensors for variable rate nitrogen application (VRNA) has been limited by the lack of a robust method to quantify site- and technology-specific impacts. This study aimed to (1) present a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) of a conventional winter wheat production system with and without using a crop sensor for VRNA applied to an Austrian case study. Special emphasis was placed on simulating site-specific field emissions with the DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC) biogeochemical soil model; (2) assess the environmental impacts of only the fertilization process; and (3) compare soil emissions simulated by the DNDC with soil emissions coming from a benchmark ecoinvent wheat production process. Three nitrogen fertilization schemes – one conventional and two VRNA – were modeled. Two functional units were used – 1 ha of cultivated winter wheat and 1 kg of winter wheat produced. The system boundary includes tillage, seeding, plant protection, nitrogen fertilization, and harvesting processes. Information communication technologies (ICT) – manufacturing of the sensor, internet and computer manufacturing and usage – were also included within the boundary. Local and global environmental impacts attributed to nitrogen emissions due to fertilization were evaluated in this LCA, including climate change (CC), fine particulate matter formation (FPMF), freshwater eutrophication (FE), freshwater ecotoxicity (FET), terrestrial acidification (TA), marine eutrophication (ME), and human noncarcinogenic toxicity (HTnc). The CC of the fertilization process was 1,662.8 kg CO2 eq./ha with conventional nitrogen application versus 1,518.8 kg CO2 eq./ha as the lower of the two VRNA results, an 8.6% reduction due to less fertilizer applied. Fertilization was found to be responsible for more than 80% of the total emissions that impact CC, 55% of the FET, 44% of the HTnc, 96% of the FE and 96% of the TA. The largest greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters were soil N emissions as simulated by the DNDC, followed by the fertilizer manufacturing process in all of the impacts, except for FET and HTnc, where fertilizer production was the highest contributor. ICT components contributed less than 1% to all of the impacts assessed. The amount of applied N fertilizer has a greater influence on NH3 and NO3 indirect soil emissions than on direct N2O emissions. This study demonstrates that using optical crop sensors for VRNA could have a limited but positive environmental impact and highlights the importance of applying site-specific soil models to estimate field emissions.

Innovation Management Case Study

Apple Inc. (Apple), is one of the world's most valuable companies in terms of market capitalization. Apple led the global technology market by creating innovative products such as the Mac, iPod, iPhone, and iPad, all of which redefined their respective markets. This case examines Apple's approach to innovation, and the founder's role to foster a culture of innovation and inspire employees to create game-changing products by thinking outside the box. Apple has always surprised the world with its innovation, beginning with the 1976 invention of the Apple I computer circuit board and progressing to become one of the world's most successful personal computer and electronic devices manufacturer and, more recently, smart devices. Adopting a systematic review method the focus here is to discuss the innovation management benefits of Apple's distinct and ever-changing organizational model and provide a SWOT analysis. Recommendations are then given based on the SWOT analysis so that other companies can adapt to this competing rapidly changing environment.

Will artificial intelligence help us in predicting outcomes in cardiac surgery?

Will artificial intelligence help us in predicting outcomes in cardiac surgery?

Contributions of Electricity and Gas Sub-Sector to Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Linear Approach

Industrial policies were developed to stimulate and provide opportunities for prospering industrial activities following the decline of investment in the agricultural sector. This followed the discovery of crude oil in Nigeria. Electricity, gas, steam and air-conditioner, an industrial sub-sector is very crucial and requisite channel for industrial development, whether for automated, machines services or computer manufacturing processes. Failure in energy and power supply, as well as gas flaring remains a fundamental problem in Nigeria’s development. This study examined the impact of electricity and gas sub-sector of industrial sector on economic growth in Nigeria using data from 1980 to 2020. Vector error correction mechanism was used to determine the impact of the independent variables on the dependent variable. In the short run, our study shows the existence of positive, non-significant impact of electricity and gas output on economic growth. However, in the long run there was positive significant impact of electricity and gas output on economic growth in Nigeria within the period of study. The implication of the result is that adequate production and utilization of electricity and gas will spur economic activities that will generate economies of scale; since every component of the economy (industry, urbanization, modernized farming, etc) extensively demand for electricity and gas. Also, efficiency of electricity and gas would reduce energy bills for poor households, helps the nation to tackle greenhouse gas emissions. The continues gas flaring and consistent power cut in electricity in Nigeria affected industrial sector in Nigeria. This study showed that there is positive significant impact of electricity and gas on economic growth if there is intentional implementation of power policy with conscious disciplinary actions to control defaulters and make substantial investment that would stimulate industrial activities to spur economic growth.

The Influence of the Development of the Internet of Things Industry on the Optimization of the High- and New-Tech Industry Structure under the Wireless Mobile Network.

At present, the pressure on China's economic development is increasing day by day due to the profound changes in the internal and external environment. The global economic pattern is undergoing significant changes in terms of the external environment. Adjusting and optimizing the industrial structure will aid in achieving the goal of facilitating transformation through steady growth in the short term. Meanwhile, it will also accelerate sustainable economic development. In this study, the relevant theories of industrial structure optimization are described based on the impact of wireless mobile networks and the Internet of things (IoT) industry. Based on the gray correlation degree, the high- and new-tech industries under the development of the IoT industry are analyzed and the impact of optimization of the high- and new-tech industry structure is investigated. The results show that the development of the IoT industry has driven the development of the high- and new-tech industry. The gray correlation between the development of the IoT industry and the high- and new-tech industry obtained is 0.64, indicating a strong correlation. The average output share of the electronic computer and office equipment manufacturing industries is 47.09%. The average output ratio of the industrial structure optimization of the electronics and communication manufacturing industry is 42.55%. Moreover, the proportion of the output of medical manufacturing and medical equipment and instrument manufacturing industrial structure optimization is small, 15.63% and 10.54%, respectively. The results have significant value in the research on the impact of the development of the IoT industry on the high- and new-tech industry under the wireless mobile network and the effect of its industrial structure optimization.

Moderating Effect of Job Satisfaction on the Relationships between Leadership Skill, Job Stress and Job Performance among Female Managers in China

Employee performance in human resources management research is an evergreen subject and is relevant for further review. Employers should consider what constitutes to work performance since knowing variables that can affect the performance of workers can also help the organizations in the long run because after all, the performance of individual employees will also determine organizational performance as a whole.The method for this study is using questioannires survey. The questionnaires were distributed to 489 female managers in China from manufacturing industry (new energy, food manufacturing, textiles, computer manufacturing and communications manufacturing). The data was analyzed by using SPSS 20 for descriptive statistics and PLS 3 for inferential analysis.The result found that leadership skills and job satisfaction have a positive and significant relationship with job performance among female managers in China. Meanwhile, job stress has a negative and significant relationship with job performance among female managers in China. Additionally, this study found that job satisfaction moderates the relationships between leadership skills, job stress, and job performance. The findings of this study can assist both employees and employers to better understand the factors that could influence female managers’ job performance. The paper concludes with implications for both theory and practice. Keywords: Job satisfaction, leadership skill, job stress, employee performance, female managers, China