Digital Computer Technology Research Articles

Investigating Pedagogical Paradigm Shift in the 21st Century Teaching and Learning in South African Secondary Schools

The aim of this study was to examine if any pedagogical paradigm shift has taken place in enhancing authentic teaching and learning in secondary schools. It explored the pedagogical practices currently employed in secondary schools. The theory underpinning the study was the 21st century pedagogy for teaching and learning. A qualitative research design was adopted and data was generated from three secondary schools, consisting of 30 learners through focus group discussion and six teachers using semi-structured interviews. This sample was purposively selected by virtue of having and using digital computer technologies. An observation of 6 lessons was conducted and data was analyzed using an inductive thematic framework. By adopting an interpretivist paradigm, this data was collected using participant observation, as the main data-collection instrument for this study, triangulated with semi-structured teacher-and learner-focus group and interviews. The findings revealed that ‘old’ teacher-centered pedagogies continued unabated as the common instructional style and promoted learner-passiveness. It compromised on active learner-academic performance and making a meaningful significant intellectual achievement. This resulted in production of ‘mediocre’ human capital ill-prepared to face the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) challenges. This article recommends further research in areas pertaining to pedagogical shifts in line with digitalization of the world economy and education.

The Community Workshop Series: A Case Study for Community-Engaged Learning in LIS

For over a decade, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) has offered some variation of the Community Workshop Series (CWS), a partnership to provide digital literacy and computer technology classes to community members at local public libraries. Both authors have served as coordinators of the program as library science graduate students at the UNC School of Information and Library Science. We situate this program within existing literature on digital and information literacy, community engagement, and the graduate student experience to show the utility of this program and similar programs for training graduate students, enhancing the graduate student experience, supporting the needs of community members, and bolstering the capacities of public libraries. The authors provide an overview of the program and encourage others to start similar programs. To this end, the authors present a case study of the CWS, including discussion of creating the program and keeping things going, and provide a how-to guide for creating your own. The authors identify four recommendations for creating a similar program to clearly delineate takeaways that might inform readers’ attempts to create similar programs, and they provide additional materials and documentation in appendices to support the creation of new community-engaged programs in LIS.

Новая идеология музыкального театра и её воплощение в творчестве Хайнера Гёббельса

The article analyzes the artistic legacy of the outstanding reformer of contemporary musical theater – producer, musician, composer and theatrical theorist Heiner Goebbels. The cardinal difference of his diversified works from the traditional model of opera theatre makes it possible to speak of a new theatrical ideology, of which Goebbels shows himself to be an adept. On the basis of numerous interviews with the composer and his personal utterances about his art, the article examines a set of peculiarities which characterize his musical-theatrical works in light of the innovative endeavors of the authorial aesthetics of musical theatre. A big role in its formation has been played by contemporary musical-theatrical technical resources, which have made it possible to achieve on the basis of digital computer technologies to achieve a new high-quality level of synthesis of the arts and elements which unite on a conceptual artistic platform sound, text, color, light, fire, water, scents, depictions, video projections and other things. The aim of this is to expand the possibilities of impact on the synesthetic foundations of human perception. Each component of the indicated synthesis is interpreted by the composer as independent informational message. Being a true artist of the postmodern era, Goebbels presents the musical performance as a counterpoint of a number of diverse texts. The high level of “density” of the informational plane of theatrical performance also necessitates a new perspective of the process of communication with the viewer, who does not interpret the meanings grounded by the author, but to a great degree plays the role of its creator. A number of aforementioned and other particularities of Goebbels’ musical theater is examined in the article on the basis of the opera “Landschaft mit entfernten Verwandten” [“Landscape with Distant Relatives”]. The publication is prepared within the framework of scholarly project No. 17-04-00198-OGN\19 supported by the RFFI. Keywords: Heiner Goebbels, musical theater computer technologies, contemporary opera, experimental musical theater, synthesis of the arts.

Variational Bayesian Iterative Estimation Algorithm for Linear Difference Equation Systems

Many basic laws of physics or chemistry can be written in the form of differential equations. With the development of digital signals and computer technology, the research on discrete models has received more and more attention. The estimates of the unknown coefficients in the discretized difference equation can be obtained by optimizing certain criterion functions. In modern control theory, the state-space model transforms high-order differential equations into first-order differential equations by introducing intermediate state variables. In this paper, the parameter estimation problem for linear difference equation systems with uncertain noise is developed. By transforming system equations into state-space models and on the basis of the considered priors of the noise and parameters, a variational Bayesian iterative estimation algorithm is derived from the observation data to obtain the parameter estimates. The unknown states involved in the variational Bayesian algorithm are updated by the Kalman filter. A numerical simulation example is given to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Automation of calculation of energy-ballistic flight trajectory of the aircraft

The use of modern digital computing technology allows you to calculate a large amount of information quickly and with the required accuracy. Therefore, in today practice of ballistic calculations, numerical simulation of aircraft motion, which reflects real flight with certain tolerances, is actively used.The mathematical dependencies that describe the motion of the aircraft are nonlinear systems of differential equations. As it is known, in general case it is impossible to find solutions to such equations in simple functions. Therefore, to solve this problem numerical integration of differential equations by the Runge - Kutta method was used.The advantage of the method in C # implementing is the wide ability to change the initial conditions, aircraft parameters, flight conditions, clear display of calculations results, speed of calculations, which is very important for design problems solving.Two solid fuel adjustable missiles which are identical in design and differ only in the presence of a block of pulsed engines were designed for the research.The article presents simplifications accepted for this calculation, differential equations system, aerodynamic and mass - dimensional characteristics of both missiles, the flight paths of the products in the main window of the implemented program, additional trajectory characteristics in the form of graphs and comparison of the flight ranges of both missiles.Thus, by calculating the flight trajectory we obtained the following increase in range from a block of pulsed engines: for the initial start angles 35 ° – 22.4%, 40 ° – 18.2%, 45 ° – 14.3%, 52 ° – 8.2%.

Digitalisation Trends and Blended Learning Visualisation in Modern Digital Education

The article under review actualizes the problem of using digital computer technologies in the process of blended learning. The notion of «blended learning» is determined and specified according various sources. Various models and ways of organizing this kind of work as an alternative to the standard form of learning are presented. The article presents the positive experience of using blended learning technology. Attention is paid to visualization as one of teaching tool to create educational materials for blended learning. Synthesis of verbal (especially word) and visual elements (pictures, graphic notes, animations, films, plots and diagrams, etc.) within the limits of one text’s space is an instrument of optimization of the process of semantic perception and understanding text information. All benefits of this modern technology allows to establish a holistic adoption of this model by students and the positive direction for the development of blended learning as an innovative teaching technology

Tinjauan Yuridis Interaksi Manusia Terhadap Digital Dalam Penegakan Hukum Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0

Human and computer interaction or human computer interaction or abbreviated as HCI is a discipline that studies the relationship between humans and computers. Human to digital interactions are increasing according to human needs that are increasingly complex. At present the world community has entered the stage of industrial revolution 4.0, and law enforcement is needed so that in the Era of the industrial revolution 4.0. get legal certainty in using digital technology or computer technology. As for the formulation of the problem is the Juridical Review of Human Interaction on Digital in Law Enforcement in the Age of Industrial Revolution 4.0, How the causes of misuse of Human Interaction Against Digital in the Age of Industrial Revolution 4.0, and How to prevent abuse of Human Interaction against Digital in the Era of Industrial Revolution . The research methodology uses normative research and library research data collection tools. Human Interaction Against Digital in Law Enforcement In the Age of Industrial Revolution 4.0 the legal foundation is needed, namely the Criminal Code and Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. Causes of Abuse of Human Interaction Against Digital in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0. among others are unlimited internet access. Efforts to Prevent Abuse of Human Interaction Against Digital in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 can be done with the support of special institutions, both state-owned and NGOs (Non Governmental organizations).

Evaluation of chemical composition quality of surface water in the eastern Donbass

The regularities in forming chemical composition of mine and surface waters in the Eastern Donbass were studied using the techniques of statistical estimation of component concentration distributions, the methods of assessing environment pollution, and the digital computer technology on multidimensional classification observations AGAT-2. The article shows that the mine water in the Eastern Donbass is a powerful source of polluting environment, causing serious ecological damage to the territory. Coal mine water contain a lot of dissolved substances up to 413 thousand t/year, among which macro components and various metals forming a significant part. The mean concentrations of most components in mine water hundreds times exceed the maximum allowable concentrations (MACs), and they exceed the maximum concentrations in thousands times. The surface water quality was analyzed in the region proceeding from the results of testing small rivers and streams. Using classification technologies, five genetic variants of surface waters were identified by the macrocomponents. The first option characterizes the initial phase of surface water formation outside the pollution impact. Other options reflect the growing degree of water pollution in the region. The distribution of genetic water variants was shown throughout the region. The calculation of surface water pollution by 20 components revealed the cumulative indicator of pollution to be equal to 108 corresponding to the emergency crisis category. About 65% components exceed MAC. Surface water classes uniform in the content of 15 metals were distinguished using the digital computer technology AGAT-2. A cumulative indicator of pollution varies from 27 to 65, which corresponds to a tense and emergency crisis situations. Therefore, mine waters pollute significantly the surface waters in the Eastern Donbass. Conclusion is made about the need for rehabilitation measures in order to improve the quality of surface waters in the region.

Philosophy in front of digital computing technology or the invention of digitality

Philosophy in front of digital computing technology or the invention of digitality

Real‐time power monitoring using field‐programmable gate array with IoT technology

Automation technologies are often impacted undesirably by downtime caused by machine failures. An approach to overcome machine failures is through failures prediction, achievable via the monitoring of power consumption. Unusual power consumption could serve as an alert for possible machines faults. Real-time power consumption monitoring is made possible with the deployment of Internet of Things (IoT), which brings together digital cloud computing and conventional automation technology to rapidly increase the efficiency of production. In this work, the authors have developed an IoT-based power monitoring system to detect unusual power consumption of machines and present the data to users remotely through Android application and cloud storage. The competent integration of Wi-Fi module ESP8266, CT sensor module and field-programmable gate array DE1-SoC board allows the system to accurately measure power consumption and instantaneously store the data in cloud storage. Performance of the developed system was characterised by current measurement of five different loads. The absolute errors, given by the difference between current measured by digital multimeter and the developed system, range from 0.01 to 0.26 A. The close agreement between the two measurements endorses the accuracy and reliability of the real-time power monitoring system, on top of its easy-accessibility gifted by IoT.

Architectural education in the digital age: Computer applications: Between academia and practice

Architecture is a technology-intensive discipline. It uses technology, both in the process of design and also in production. It is believed that digital computer technology has a strong impact on architectural design, architectural teaching as well as in practice. Image architecture, digital simulation and virtual scene among other applications have gradually become progressive architectural design phrases. There exists a necessity that architectural teaching should adapt to such transformations.With the rapid development of computer applications in the architectural profession, the need to find a framework to integrate the computer applications with architectural curriculum has increased. Hence, it became mandatory to examine the computer integration’s impact on architectural schools, at the same time explore the architecture profession’s needs in order to help find an efficient framework for architectural education.This paper studies the integration of computer applications in the top 20 international architecture schools as well as in eight architectural departments in Egyptian universities, with the aim of understanding the current educational status nationally and internationally. A survey was conducted on a sample of architects in order to investigate the profession needs in various architectural fields. The study is carried out to bridge the gap between architectural education and architectural profession.

Benefits of Integration of Computer and Information Technology into Nigerian Secondary School Curriculum.

The benefits of integration of Computer and Information Technology into Nigerian secondary school curriculum were identified and discussed. Already, Nigeria is on the wrong side of the international digital and global world of computer technology, as it has not made significant effort to integrate Computer and Information Technology into secondary school curriculum especially State and private owned secondary schools. A great deal of instructional and administrative work in secondary schools in Nigeria is still carried out manually. This paper, therefore, examines the major obstacles militating against the teaching and learning of information Technology, and also the use of computer technology in secondary education in Nigeria. It further identifies the high cost of computer hardware and software resources; weak infrastructure; lack of human skills and knowledge in Computer and Information Technology, as the major stumbling block to the adoption of Information and Communication Technology in secondary school education system in Nigeria. The study recommends that efforts should be made by government to post skillful teachers with knowledge of Computer and Information Technology to teach in the secondary schools so as to impact computer skills to the students, and also stabilize electricity supply in Nigeria for effective teaching and learning process of Computer and Information Technology.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Digital Transformation of Crop Production of the Pskov Region

The article deals with the essence and advantages of digitalization – the introduction of digital computer technologies and information presented in digital form into production activities. The cost of economy digitalization and its individual industries is estimated. It is concluded that the decision on digitalization should be justified, supported by the necessary calculations. The article states that the use of computer technologies by Russian agrarians in production processes is the exception rather than the rule. The capacity of crop production as a long-term process, variable in terms of technological effectiveness, structure of operations and costs, for the introduction of advanced information technologies, is estimated. The article presents a description of the place of agriculture in the economy of the Pskov region, the characteristics of the main indicators of crop production. It is concluded that the growth of the gross output of the main types of agricultural products in crop production was largely due to a significant increase in yield index, but the acreage and provision of agricultural machinery in the region continue to decline. The study revealed that the power supply per production unit of agricultural producers combined with the level of digitalization reduce the size and change the structure of production costs. In addition, an assessment of the effect of the introduction of information technology in the chain of formation of the costs of crop production is given. The article describes the sequence of evaluation of the return on investment costs for digitalization of crop production in the Pskov region. The rate of payback due to savings in production costs is estimated at 5 years.

COMPLEXING INFORMATION FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES IN THE ON-BOARD SYSTEMS SEARCH AND RESCUE OPERATIONS

One of the urgent problems civil and military aviation is providing information support to the crew. Control of the surface below and warnings of dangerous situations and objects are required. This problem is most acute in reduced visibility conditions due to low light conditions, heavy precipitation, fog, smoke or dust. Therefore, the developers of avionics seek to create systems that enable all-weather monitoring of the surrounding space. To solve this problem, modern aircraft on-Board survey systems are equipped with image sensors, both passive and active, working in different spectral ranges. In addition, the use of modern high-precision navigation systems and digital computing technology makes it possible to integrate information about the surface below from multispectral sensors with a priori geospatial data concentrated in digital maps.

A model simulator: The lives of Jay W Forrester

Forrester’s presence as one of the 23 members of the IFORS “Operational Research Hall of Fame” rests on his creation, development and application of the System Dynamics approach. However, his career also involved highly significant theoretical and applied work in, and contributions to: servomechanisms, computer memory, digital computing technology, flight simulators and defence information systems. Rich and varied as these experiences were, they involve a consistency and commonality of interests and approach. The paper outlines Forrester’s life and how his background and early careers led to the creation of System Dynamics.

Профессиональная деятельность учителя в условиях ФГОС: особенности и проблемы

The article provides a system-activity analysis of applied possibilities for the grounded application of already available instrumental results of the integration of authorial pedagogical and information technologies for specifi c and system-methodological support of the full-fl edged functioning of the FSES. The ongoing global changes in society and in education naturally imply the need to revise the traditional view and rethink the subject, tasks and methods of didactic research. The results of many years of research on the introduction and approbation of authorial pedagogical technologies and the cognitive theory of pedagogical technologies created at the same time have irrefutably shown that the formation of the beginnings of modern didactics should be connected with the technology of the model of the educational process and the model of the methodological system of education (MSE). The methodological key to the transition to modern didactics is naturally the “Technological Map”, as the form, language and toolkit of communication between the teacher, students and the teacher-researcher with the computer. Particular attention is paid in the article to the systematization and generalization of the available information on the evolution of learning theory and the rapid change in the generations of digital computer technologies. Didactics in the article is treated and considered as an innovative approach to modern learning theory, which continues to function and tries to develop together with digital technologies, operatively interpreting and using all the latest created electronic and technological achievements from the world of computers and digital technologies.

Study on the Paradigm of Film and Animation based on Aesthetic Reconstruction and Thinking

Far from the early twentieth century, film and television animation has been born a hundred years, from the advent of China's first cartoon has more than 80 years ago. In this century, film and television animation has gone from the prototype to a more mature process, as an independent art increasingly accepted by people. The rapid development of commercial promotion of the diversity of film and television animation art on the shape and innovation in film and television animation art continues to mature at the same time and the importance of this element art style is increasingly valued by people. Modern era media changes so that the human mode of transmission has undergone tremendous changes in human culture spread from traditional newspapers and magazines, radio and television to the Internet-based technology, 3G mobile communications computer digital technology, mobile phones, digital TV, mobile media and other new means of communication. New media and traditional media collision combined the traditional artistic creation and spread has undergone tremendous changes, the aesthetic is also produced corresponding changes occur aesthetic features such as a virtual, interactive, nonlinear, fragmented, and so on. Animation Art, for example, the traditional art of animation and new media, said co-constitute a new paradigm of animation art aesthetics: it is both the traditional animation update and use more of the traditional animation expansion and beyond.

Efficacy and safety of a digital navigation template combined with cervical pedicle screw implantation: study protocol for a prospective, single-center, self-controlled, clinical trial

Background and objectives: Cervical pedicle screw fixation is a reliable method for the treatment of traumatic and non-traumatic cervical instability and cervical disc removal and fixation; however, the operation risks and the failure rate of screw insertion are still high. At present, the digital navigation template with digital computer technology, used in the department of orthopedics, has the advantages of accurate screw insertion and a small error in the screw insertion depth. This trial aims to observe the clinical efficacy and safety of the digital navigation template combined with cervical pedicle screw implantation. Design: This is a prospective, single-center, self-controlled, clinical trial. Methods: Thirty-two patients with cervical spondylosis will be recruited from the Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hebei Province, China. Before surgery, a three-dimensional (3D) navigation model of the cervical vertebrae will be designed by 3D reconstruction. The navigation template will be generated by 3D printing. The cervical pedicle screws will be implanted according to preoperatively designed models and the screw positions will be observed by computerized tomography (CT) after surgery. The patients will be followed up for 40 months. Outcome measures: The primary outcome measure is the excellent and good rate of screw position 40 months after implantation. The secondary outcome measures include the Visual Analog Scale score, American Spinal Injury Association classification, cervical X-ray and CT images before implantation and 40 months after implantation, and the incidence of adverse reactions 40 months after implantation. Discussion: We will verify a high success rate of cervical pedicle screw implantation using the digital navigation template. The operation is simple and quick, with good efficacy and safety. Ethics and dissemination: The protocols have been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Harrison International Peace Hospital in China (approval number: 20120630). The study protocol has been conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, formulated by the World Medical Association. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The recruitment of subjects will begin in December 2017. Samples and data will be collected from December 2017 to April 2019. Outcome measures will be analyzed in October 2020. This trial will be completed in November 2020. The results of the trial will be reported in a scientific conference or disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal. Trial registration: This trial has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR-ONC-17013481).

Preservation of an interactive computer-based art installation - a case study

In contemporary digital art computer technology plays an integral part not only in the creation of art pieces but also in their functioning as artworks. Such digital artworks have usually a performative or interactive character and therefore rely on an underlying working computer system. Since computer technology advances with such unrelenting pace, hardware and software modules eventually become obsolete. How to preserve digital art works in these circumstances from an art preservation standpoint is much debated. In this article we discuss issues in the preservation of digital art works using as a case study a 15 years old interactive art installation '15 seconds of fame'. The art installation could be maintained in a good working order first just by small changes, reacting mainly to new versions of operating systems. After more then ten years a complete rewrite of the code was necessary to move it to a new computing platform.

Geodesign scenarios

Based on an idealized model with six distinguishing criteria of geodesign projects -- large areas, complex issues, and multi-person teams; digital computing, algorithmic processes, and communications technologies; collaborative, information-based projects; timely feedback about impacts and implications of proposals; dynamic modeling and simulation; and systems thinking -- the technological supports required for each of these criteria are described.