Compressive Failure Modes Research Articles

Modelling the brittle rock failure by the quaternion-based bonded-particle model in DEM

This paper presents an investigation of brittle rock failure by the quaternion-based bonded-particle model in discrete element method (DEM). Unlike traditional approaches that utilize Euler angles or rotation matrices, this model employs unit quaternions to represent the spatial rotations of particles. This method simplifies the representation of 3D rotations, providing a more intuitive framework for modelling complex interactions in granular materials. The numerical model was validated by the uniaxial compression tests on rock, with good agreement with well-documented experimental data in terms of the rock uniaxial compression strength (UCS) and failure mode. During loading, the rock sample demonstrated a linear-elastic response at an axial strain of smaller than 0.45%. However, as internal bond breakage accumulated, this linear relationship weakened, and the stress-strain curve began to deviate from its initial linear trajectory. The bond breakage and the overall deformation of the rock were primarily controlled by the shear bonding force. The UCS was achieved at an axial strain of 0.625%, at which point the internal shear bonding force chains were predominantly aligned vertically. The brittle failure occurred when the internal damage of solids nucleated to form an interconnected failure plane, accompanied by a sharp rise in the internal damage ratio. The area of failure plane increased with the loading strain rate, gradually transforming the failure pattern from the local damage to a complete fragmentation.

The coupled effect of aspect ratio and strut micro-deformation mode on the mechanical properties of lattice structures

Lattice structures have been integrated into various industrial applications owing to their unique compressive properties. Mechanical characterisation is usually done by testing a small specimen which is assumed representative of the utilised lattice. A specimen's aspect ratio (height to diameter/width ratio) is known to affect compressive properties in various engineering materials, yet its influence in lattices has not been investigated thoroughly. In this study, titanium lattice specimens designed with different aspect ratios (ranging from 0.5 to 3.0) and four different topologies (displaying bend and stretch-dominated micro-deformation modes) were fabricated using powder bed fusion and tested in quasi-static compression. Their compressive properties and failure modes were evaluated using acquired stress-strain curves and digital image correlation (DIC) analysis. Reducing the aspect ratio in the bend-dominated lattices increased the measured stiffness of the specimens by up to 40%. Conversely, increasing the aspect ratio of the stretch dominated lattices increased the measured stiffness of the specimens by up to 30%. For both topology types, decreasing the aspect ratio increased the measured strength of the specimens, but the effect was less than that observed for stiffness. Different responses were attributed to gradient strain accumulation and different failure patterns (densification versus shear banding) that were observed depending on the combination of aspect ratio and topology. These findings are particularly important for better predicting the mechanical behaviour of lattice-based components that have aspect ratios outside the range of conventional test specimens.

Effect of particle size distribution on the cryogenic mechanical properties of triple‐base propellants

AbstractFillers play a decisive role in the mechanical properties of polymer composites. In this paper, different particle sizes of nitroguanidine were obtained to regulate the internal filler structure of triple‐base propellants (TBP) to improve their mechanical response in different environments. A series of morphological and structural characterizations on nitroguanidine (NQ) particles were conducted using techniques. The results indicated that the obtained NQ particles maintained a high level of crystalline quality while preserving their molecular integrity. The mechanical properties of TBP were systematically evaluated under various loading conditions, including cryogenic tensile, compressive, and impact loads, as well as dynamic thermomechanical effects. Additionally, three‐point bending simulations were employed to elucidate the mechanical responses and damage mechanisms. Under axial tensile and compressive loads, reducing the particle size of NQ significantly enhanced the tensile and compressive strength. The maximum tensile strength and compressive strength can reach 344.62 MPa and 104.79 MPa. Moreover, the compressive failure mode transitioned from cracking to axial shrinkage. Conversely, when subjected to radial bending loads, TBP exhibited contrasting behavior, including a decrease in the glass transition temperature from 84.73°C to 76.93°C and a non‐monotonic trend in impact strength (initially increasing from 4.96 to 8.85 kJ/m2 and then decreasing to 2.27 kJ/m2). This study provides valuable insights into the mechanical performance of TBP, supporting the development of high‐energy, high‐strength TBP formulations.Highlights SEM analysis confirms the pronounced orientation effect of rod‐like NQ. The orientation and particle size of NQ decide TBP's radial impact resistance. Submicron NQ enhances the compression resistance property of TBP. Submicron NQ brings about a shift in the microscopic damage morphology of TBP.

Flexural behavior of warp knitted textile reinforced concrete impregnated with cementitious binder

Textile reinforced concrete is a novel and high performance material which is gaining popularity in the recent days due to its high potential to effectively improve the strength and durability of concrete structures. Owing to absence of coarse aggregate and presence of high cement paste content, TRC has properties that are different from conventional concrete. In this paper, performance of three different types of binders ie., Organic binder, Inorganic Geopolymer binder and epoxy binders for compressive and split tensile strengths was presented and were compared to assess their effectiveness in enhancing properties by testing 12 mortar cubes of size 70.6 mm and 6 mortar cylinders of size 75 × 150 mm. The efficaciousness of weft insertion warp-knitted textile fabrics of ARG and Basalt on the Compressive strength, flexural strength, ductility, toughness, and failure modes were evaluated experimentally by investigations carried out on 4 RCC beams. The effect of the thickness of Textile reinforcement is also studied by using textile layers of thicknesses of 5, 10, and 15 mm. The results indicated that application of basalt textiles fabric using cementitious binder exhibit higher strength and ductility. Basalt textile is more preferable due to its eco-friendly properties. The experimental findings are validated through analytical equations, ensuring the reliability of the study.

Phenomenological failure criteria analysis of a composite bolted joint under multi-axial loading using the finite element method

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites (CFRP) are commonly used in various sectors due to their excellent properties. However, they present complex failure modes, particularly in bolted joints, which are widely used in the aeronautical industry due to their ease of assembly and disassembly. Phenomenological failure criteria can be used to evaluate failure modes analytically and reduce the number of experimental tests. It is important to determine the criterion that best reflects reality. The Hashin, Puck, and LaRC04 failure criteria were evaluated using a finite element method software - FEMAP 2021.2 educational version - through simulation. Numerical simulations were conducted on a 2D model of a carbon/epoxy composite bolted joint under multiaxial loads, following ASTM D5661 dimensions. The failure criteria were compared to determine the most appropriate one for this type of component. Among the evaluated criteria, the Hashin criterion showed an intermediate level, while the Puck criterion was the most conservative and the LaRC04 criterion was the least conservative. It is recommended to use the Hashin criterion for general analyses. For analyses that require a detailed examination of compression failure modes, it is recommended to use the LaRC04 criterion. The Puck criterion is suggested for more conservative analyses.

Failure behavior of steel dual-angle with cruciform welding filler plates under compression

This paper focuses on the failure behavior of steel dual-angle with cruciform welding filler plates (DA-CWP) under compression. A total of three DA-CWP specimens were fabricated and tested under axial compression, where different slenderness ratios (i.e., 45, 60, 75) were considered for comparison. The failure performance was experimentally investigated from different perspectives, such as failure mode, ultimate capacity and strain development. Subsequently, numerical simulation was performed to further reveal the effect of slenderness ratio and filler plate type on the failure behavior of DA-CWP. Finally, A theoretical method to distinguish the compressive failure mode of DA-CWP was proposed, and the bending-torsion transition slenderness ratio calculated by theoretical method was compared with the one from simulation for verification. The results demonstrate that the failure mode of DA-CWP changes from torsion to bending as the slenderness ratio increases, gradually decreasing its ultimate capacity. Due to the lower torsion stiffness of steel dual-angle with alternate plates (DA-AP), the torsion instability is more prone to occur for DA-AP, resulting in larger deformations of DA-AP compared to DA-CWP under identical compression. The theoretical method proposed in this study provides a good prediction for the bending-torsion transition slenderness ratio of DA-CWP under axial compression, which can provide reference for ultimate capacity design.

Effect of hygrothermal aging on compression behavior of CFRP material with different layups

This study investigates the mechanical degradation mechanism and statistical analysis of residual compressive strength of three lay-up laminates under more than one-year seawater environment. Fick and Langmuir model were used to describe the moisture absorption process with a maximum moisture equilibrium content of 3.78% and various characterization methods were used to reveal the microstructural evolution of CFRP during aging. Experimental results demonstrate that the multiple fiber directions in the MD specimens provide additional moisture absorption channels, leading to a stronger wicking effect and a higher equilibrium moisture content. The layups can significantly affect the compression failure mode after long-term aging. The compressive strength of the cross-ply and multidirectional laminates decreased by 50% while that of unidirectional laminates decreased by 28%, and surface cracking is easily observed in the aged specimens. An empirical prediction model based on the Langmuir model and experimental data was proposed and verified by the data from the literature, with at least a 10% improvement in prediction accuracy. Meanwhile the three-parameter Weibull distribution was used to describe the residual compressive strength after hygrothermal aging and tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. It is expected to provide insight for the application of CFRP in seawater environment.

Experimental study on the size effect and anisotropy in mechanical properties of fractured rock mass based on 3D printing

The size effect and anisotropy of fractured rock mass mechanical parameters are difficult problems to solve in the field of engineering. This study taken full advantage of sand 3D printing technology to batch-reproduce complex structures and prepare rock-like specimens with different sizes and rotation directions. The size effect and anisotropy of the fractured rock mass were investigated. Digital image correlation was used to conduct noncontact full-field observations of the specimen. The results showed that the sand 3D printing specimens have the advantages of high precision and brittleness and can reproduce the deformations and failure processes of natural rock. The compressive strength and failure mode of the fractured rock have significant size effect characteristics. Assessing the size effect on the compressive strength of the specimen, 100 × 100 mm is the mechanical representative elementary volume (mREV) scale. The compressive strength and failure mode of the fractured rock under the mREV scale show obvious anisotropy. Based on the size effect of fracture density, 80 × 80 mm was identified as the geometric representative elementary volume (gREV) scale. The gREV scale was smaller than and close to the mREV scale was found. In addition, the differentiation rate of standard deviation (DRSD) is defined to provide information on the dispersion of the strain field and the precursor information of crack initiation during the deformation and fracture of the rock mass. This study provides a new method for laboratory experimental studies on the size effect and anisotropy of complex fractured rock masses from the perspective of 3D printing.

Shear performance of lightweight SCC composite beam internally reinforced with CFRP laminate stirrups and GFRP bars: Experimental and analytical study

This research demonstrates the structure feasibility of using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminate stirrups as a form of transverse reinforcement in shear deficient GFRP reinforced lightweight self-compacting concrete (LWSCC) beams. An experimental study performed on eight full-scale shear deficient beam specimens. One beam served as the reference specimen and remaining beam specimens were internally reinforced with impregnated CFRP laminate stirrups. The parameters investigated in this study were the stirrup configuration, number of layers, stirrup spacing and width. Specimen tested under two-point loading and all results in term of load-deflection response as well as their failure modes were reported. All tested specimens failed due to shear compression failure mode along with the rupture of CFRP laminate stirrups, and the inclusion of CFRP laminate stirrups has significantly enhanced the nominal capacity of LWSCC beams ranged from 91%− 200% over control specimen. Shear strengths of the tested specimens were also theoretically predicted using different design standards. Comparison between the experimental and predicted shear strength has shown that ACI 440.1R-15, CSA S806–12, and CSA S6–14 provided the closest prediction. Therefore, it has been concluded that CFRP laminate stirrups can be used as a transverse reinforcement in GFRP reinforced LWSCC beams.

Performance of hybrid Innegra-carbon fiber composites

In this work material synergy with high stiffness carbon fiber with ductile high strength polypropylene fiber (Innegra S), (referred to as Innegra, herein) have been evaluated in a range of laminate designs. Both woven and discontinuous carbon fiber have been considered. The discontinuous fibers are based on three-dimensional deposition (3DEP) (referred to as 3DEP, herein) carbon fiber preform process. Eleven (11) variants of Innegra-carbon fiber hybrid laminates were investigated for tensile, flexure, compression, in-plane shear and low velocity impact response. The effect of position of Innegra within the laminate was studied and found to influence strength and stiffness properties. In terms of overall trends, Innegra provides upward of 18% improvement in strain (ductility) to the composite and eliminates brittle fracture of carbon fiber. The moduli trends follow the proportionality of Innegra fiber to carbon fiber plies. However, the strength is controlled by the interface between Innegra and carbon fiber. The primary failure mode in tension and compression is via onset of debonding between Innegra and carbon fiber. The 3DEP carbon fiber constituents provided highest values of in-plane shear indicating that three-dimensional (3D) network of carbon fiber provides higher shear resistance. The Innegra intensive variants exhibited superior energy absorption under low velocity impact, at energy levels 15–60 J. This work provides insight for designers to incorporate Innegra and carbon fiber hybrids in composite structures.

Mechanical properties of molybdenum tailings concrete after exposure to high temperature

In this paper, 75 concrete prisms were tested under different temperatures (20, 200, 400, 600 and 800 °C) and molybdenum tailings replacement ratio (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 %). The axial compression failure modes and mechanical properties of molybdenum tailings concrete were studied. The results show that the increase in temperature will aggravate the failure of concrete under axial compression, instead of molybdenum tailing replacement ratio. With the increase of temperature (20–800 °C), the surface color of the concrete becomes lighter, and obvious cracks began to appear from 400 °C, the mass loss ratio and peak strain of molybdenum tailings concrete show an increasing trend, and reach the maximum growth ratio (6.58 % and 34 %) at 800 °C. The peak stress and elastic modulus of molybdenum tailings concrete show a decreasing trend, and reach the maximum reduction at 800 °C (52 % and 71 %). With the increase of replacement ratio, the mass loss ratio of molybdenum tailings concrete increases linearly. The peak stress, peak strain and elastic modulus of molybdenum tailings concrete at all temperatures increase first and then decrease. The 25 % molybdenum tailings content can improve the deterioration of molybdenum tailings concrete after exposure to high temperature. Based on the experimental data, the prediction formulas of peak stress/strain and elastic modulus of molybdenum tailings under different temperature-molybdenum tailings replacement ratio coupling conditions are fitted respectively. The experimental and calculated values of the formula are in good agreement.

Three-dimensional structural characterization and mechanical properties of bamboo parenchyma tissue

Bamboo is predominantly composed of parenchyma and fibers, with parenchyma constituting approximately 52% of the bamboo culm wall. The bamboo fibers function as the primary load-bearing elements, its structure and performance have been studied in detail. However, investigations concerning the structure and mechanical properties of parenchyma tissue remain limited. Consequently, this study focuses on the comprehensive characterization of the three-dimensional (3D) structure of bamboo parenchyma. Additionally, the study encompasses the evaluation of tensile and compressive properties of parenchyma tissue, along with an analysis and discourse on failure mechanisms. Parenchyma cells can be categorized into two types: long cells, accounting for approximately 89.37%, and short cells. The measured tensile strength and elastic modulus of the parenchyma tissue are 48.81 MPa and 706.48 MPa, respectively. The propagation of cracks leading to tensile failure predominantly occurs along the middle lamella, accompanied by partial penetration through cell walls. Concerning parenchyma tissue compression, three discernible stages can be identified: the elastic stage, plateau stage, and densification stage. The axial load-bearing capacity of parenchyma tissue exceeds that of the tangential and radial orientations. Axial compressive strength and elastic modulus of the parenchyma are measured at 18.82 MPa and 5.24 GPa, respectively. Compression failure modes in parenchyma tissue encompass compression bending and cell fracture, shear failure of the middle lamella, and detachment and debonding of the cell wall. The comprehensive structural and mechanical parameters derived from this investigation provide valuable insights for the development of numerical models and understanding the various mechanical properties of bamboo.

A novel pultrusion method and axial compression behavior of 3-D braiding-winding-pultrusion composite tubes at different temperatures

The 3-D carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite tubes were designed and formed via a type of novel braiding-winding-pultrusion processing technique. The effects of temperature environments (lower, normal and high temperature) on the axial compressive mechanical responses and damage behaviors of novel 3-D braiding-winding-pultrusion composite (BWPC) tubes were investigated. It was found that the BWPC tubes combined with three forming process features has a complex compression failure mode. The CT image was show that the fiber damage methods of braiding, winding and pultrusion layer were different, and the structural design of the tubes directly affects the axial bearing capacity. The axial quasi-static compression failures of tubes were the flowering failure of petals at one end. The fiber fracture and fiber block falling off was more apparent when under the lower temperature environment. The research also indicated that, when the temperature exceeds 180 °C, the resin softening and stratification will be destroyed.

Stability analysis of pultruded basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) tube under axial compression

This study analyzed mechanical properties and stability of pultruded basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) tubes under compressive axial loading for large-span space and truss structures applications. This study assessed the compressive strength of BFRP tubes with three different cross-sectional shapes and investigated the failure modes under compression with slenderness ratios ranging from 20 to 150. The results demonstrated that short BFRP tubes can achieve a compressive strength of up to 122.36 MPa with a compressive elastic modulus of 40.39 GPa. Three types of compressive failure modes were observed in the BFRP tubes, including local material, critical, and overall buckling failures. Furthermore, based on the analysis of experiment results, two design-oriented three-stage theoretical models were proposed for BFRP tubes with three different cross-sectional shapes. The proposed models were able to predict both the stress–strain and load-lateral deflection curves by taking into account the post-peak softening behavior of the stress–strain curve. In addition, a stability equation was also derived for predicting the compressive strength of slender BFRP tubes and was validated by experiments. The predictions derived from proposed models were consistent with experiment results.

Numerical investigation of the influence of mineral mesostructure on quasi-static compressive behaviors of granite using a breakable grain-based model

The mesostructure of brittle rocks, such as granite, plays a vital role in determining their mechanical properties and failure mode. Understanding the influence of rock mesostructure on mechanical behavior requires a realistic representation of grain size distribution, grain shape, and average grain size. In this study, we developed a breakable polygonal discrete element model that incorporates mineralogical composition, grain size distributions, and grain shape to simulate the rock mesostructure. Numerical specimens with varying mesostructures were created to represent different grain size, shape, and distribution characteristics. Quasi-static uniaxial compressive loading tests were conducted on these specimens to analyze their peak strength and macroscopic failure modes. The results revealed a strong linear relationship between the quasi-static compressive strength of the rock and mesostructure parameters, including average grain size, grain size coefficient, and grain roundness. Additionally, the simulation results demonstrated that the rock mesostructure significantly influenced the quasi-static compression failure mode. The proposed breakable polygonal discrete element model has the potential to predict the macroscopic behavior of brittle rocks accurately. It provides a reliable method for studying the effect of mesostructure on the quasi-static compressive mechanical behavior of rocks.

An Experimental Study on Innovative Concrete Block Solutions for Reconstruction

In this study, an experiment was conducted to innovate a new design of interlocking concrete blocks (ICBs) containing recycled aggregates (RAs) by reducing the consumed time and cost in construction using an environmental approach. Accordingly, the designed ICBs were produced manually using RAs, and wallettes were easily built with a mortarless mechanism by stacking the blocks without any mortar layers. In the experiments, besides the individual compression tests of the two types of ICB with natural and recycled aggregates, the wallette samples that were produced using ICBs, containing either 100% natural aggregates or 100% Ras, were tested under axial compressive loading. The experimental results were assessed considering the compressive strength, displacement, and failure mode. In the obtained results, we noticed that the average compressive strengths of the wallettes that were produced with natural or recycled aggregate ICBs were large enough to meet the standards of Syrian regulations, which are considered an example reference. The resulting displacement values were acceptable and could be negligible in some wallette specimens. It was concluded that the innovative ICBs with both normal or recycled aggregates could be a good alternative to traditional blocks, especially in post-disaster or post-war areas.

Investigating the transient angle in a unidirectional composite in tension and compression

In unidirectional composite laminates, when there is a slight deviation between fiber and load-applying direction, the failure mode in tensile and compression will be changed from fiber breakage and buckling, respectively, and will be turned to matrix cracking. The transient angle is the angle of misalignment between fiber and load-applying direction, in which the strength properties of the composite will sharply and considerably decrease due to the change of failure mode. In this paper, the transient angle has been investigated experimentally in fiber-reinforced glass epoxy unidirectional composites. To determine the transient angle, certain unidirectional composite specimens with specific digression angles from the load-applying direction were manufactured due to standards, and tensile and compression tests were performed on them. Results demonstrate that the tensile transient angle is between 4° and 8°, and the compressive transient angle is between 8° and 12°. Moreover, experimental results were compared with analytical calculations using Hashin’s failure criteria. Investigations showed that Hashin failure criteria can adequately predict the amount of load causing failure in unidirectional composite laminates before the transient angle. Still, by approaching this angle, Hashin’s failure criteria can’t correctly predict the load causing failure, and error will increase gradually as it passes the transient angle. This error will occur after the transient angle because Hashin’s Failure Criteria can’t predict changes in failure modes in unidirectional composite laminates.

Behavior of semi-prefabricated steel-tube double-layer concrete columns under eccentric compression

ABSTRACT To promote the application of steel-reinforced-concrete structures in prefabricated concrete structures, the semi-prefabricated steel-tube double-layer concrete (SPSTDC) column was proposed. The eccentric compression mechanical behavior was studied through theoretical analysis, experiments, and numerical simulations. Three possible failure modes, namely, compression failure, total yield failure, and tension failure, were obtained. Then, corresponding calculation methods of the bearing capacity (N u) were established and their effectiveness was verified through comparison with test results. The analysis results showed that N u decreased with the increase in the eccentricity. N u increased with the precast concrete strength, and its effect on N u diminished with increasing eccentricity. The post-cast concrete strength had a smaller effect on N u than the precast concrete strength. N u increased with the increase in the steel ratio α a, while the steel tube strength had little influence on N u. The N–M curve of the SPSTDC column could be divided into three segments, corresponding to the three failure modes. For the compression failure mode, the ultimate load N s decreased with the increase in the ultimate bending moment M s. For the other two failure modes, the pattern was the opposite. The eccentricity had a significant impact on the horizontal lateral deflections of the SPSTDC columns. With the increase in the eccentricity, the horizontal lateral deflection corresponding to N u increased. The horizontal lateral displacement of the mid-height section remained the largest compared with those of other sections. The lateral stiffness increased with the increase in the concrete strength, steel strength, and steel ratio. The impact of the precast concrete strength was the most significant while the influence of the steel tube strength was the weakest.

Axial compressive behaviour of ultra-high performance concrete filled steel tube stub columns at elevated temperatures

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) has many advantages such as high strength, good plasticity and toughness, and excellent durability. However, it is more likely to experience explosive spalling at high temperatures than ordinary concrete due to its low porosity. The ultra-high performance concrete-filled steel tubes (UHPCFSTs), where steel tubes are placed outside of UHPC to reduce its high-temperature spalling, could be an effective structural type to make full use of the advantages of both steel and UHPC. Most of the existing fire protection design codes for concrete-filled steel tube structures are based on ordinary concrete, and the performance and failure mechanisms of UHPCFSTs under high temperatures are still unclear. On this basis, an experimental study on the axial compressive performance of UHPC filled circular steel tube stub columns at constant elevated temperatures was carried out. The effects of temperature, steel tube thickness and coarse aggregate content on the compressive properties and failure modes of UHPCFST members were analysed. The results have shown that the UHPCFST mainly suffered from the overall pier coarse type and drum type failure modes. The failure characteristics were highly influenced by temperature magnitude, and 400℃ was the critical temperature where the structural performance change significantly beyond this point. The constraint effect of the steel tube on UHPC increased with the increase of thickness of steel tube, but it would be weakened with the increase of temperature or the coarse aggregate content. Finally, based on the average temperature method, a formula for calculating the ultimate load bearing capacity and equivalent stress–strain relationship of an UHPCTST stub column under a constant high temperature was proposed.

Experimental study and numerical simulation on shear behavior of steel and concrete composite beam with molybdenum tailing

To improve the flexural performance of steel–concrete composite beams and alleviate the problem of sand depletion caused by the application of concrete structures, this paper proposes a new type of steel-molybdenum tailings concrete composite beam. In order to further study the shear performance of the new type of steel-molybdenum tailings concrete composite beam, this paper couples molybdenum tailings replacement ratio (0%, 50%, and 100%) and shear span ratio (1 and 2) as research parameters, designs a total of six 1:2 scaled composite beam models, and conducts monotonic loading tests to study the failure process, failure mode, ultimate bearing capacity, deformation, and local strain of some typical measuring points of the new composite beam. The steel and concrete composite beam with the molybdenum tailing has the similar mechanical behavior for each ratio of the shear span to the effective depth with that of the steel and concrete composite beam. In addition, they have a little difference in the failure processes for each ratio of the shear span to the effective depth, whereas they show typical diagonal compression failure mode for the ratio of the shear span to the effective depth is equal to 1 and the representative shear-compression failure mode for the ratio of shear span to effective depth is 2, and have no obvious difference in failure mode for each ratio of the shear span to the effective depth. Their shear resistance mechanism is basically the same. Furthermore, based on the validated finite element model, this paper conducted a parameter extension analysis. The finite element results show that: The ultimate load bearing capacity of the steel and concrete composite beam with molybdenum tailing varies significantly with the beam section size (beam section width and beam depth), reinforcement ratio, and the ratio of the shear span to the effective depth; Whereas it has little relation to the steel plate thickness. This provides the necessity and feasibility to use the steel and concrete composite beam with the molybdenum tailing in engineering practice. The proposed equation in this study is based on the previous researches and the simulated and test results. The proposed equation is rigorous and thorough and the predicted results are highly accurate and effective.