Transition Metal Compounds Research Articles

Six polyoxotungstate-based transition metal compounds for electrochemical capacitor application and a comparative analysis of factors affecting capacitances.

Six different polyoxotungstate-based transition metal complexes were synthesized, namely [Cu5(2,2'-bpy)5(μ2-Cl)2(PO4)2(H2O)2][HPW12O40]·2H2O (1), [Cu1.5(2,2'-bpy)1.5(inic)2(H2O)1.5]3[H1.5PW12O40]2·16.25H2O (2), [Cu(2,2'-bpy)2]2[SiW12O40]·10H2O (3), [Zn(phen)3]2[PWVWVI11O40]·5H2O (4), [Zn(phen)2(H2O)]2[SiW12O40]·2H2O (5), and [Zn(2,2'-bpy)2]2[SiW12O40] (6) (2,2'-bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, inic = isonicotinic acid, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline). Compound 1 is based on [HPW12O40]2- anions, which are accommodated within the open channels of a supramolecular network formed by novel Cu-P-Cl coordination clusters. Compound 2 is constructed from [H1.5PW12O40]1.5- and novel [Cu1.5(2,2'-bpy)1.5(inic)2(H2O)1.5]+ coordination fragments, and polyoxoanions are encapsulated within the pores created by the copper coordination fragments, resulting in a unique three-dimensional supramolecular architecture. Compound 3 is a two-dimensional structure formed through the covalent linkage between [SiW12O40]4- and [Cu(2,2'-bpy)2]2+. Compound 4 is a supramolecular architecture formed by [PWVWVI11O40]4- and [Zn(phen)3]2+ coordination fragments, while compound 5 is a supramolecular structure based on POM bi-supported Zn coordination complexes. Compound 6 is a two-dimensional framework structure constituted by [SiW12O40]4- and [Zn(2,2'-bpy)2]2+via covalent interactions. In addition, electrochemical measurement results show that the copper-based tungstate compounds 1-3 and zinc-based tungstate compounds 4-6 exhibit different performances and durabilities as electrochemical capacitors (compound 1 shows the highest specific capacitance of 94.0 F g-1 at 1.5 A g-1, whereas compound 6 maintains the best cycling stability with the capacity retention of 80.7% after 1000 cycles at 4 A g-1.). This study contributes to the development of POM-based transition metal complexes with high capacitance by providing insights into the design and synthesis process.

Simulating transient X-ray photoelectron spectra of Fe(CO)5 and its photodissociation products with multireference algebraic diagrammatic construction theory.

Accurate simulations of transient X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) provide unique opportunities to bridge the gap between theory and experiment in understanding the photoactivated dynamics in molecules and materials. However, simulating X-ray photoelectron spectra along a photochemical reaction pathway is challenging as it requires accurate description of electronic structure incorporating core-hole screening, orbital relaxation, electron correlation, and spin-orbit coupling in excited states or at nonequilibrium ground-state geometries. In this work, we employ the recently developed multireference algebraic diagrammatic construction theory (MR-ADC) to investigate the core-ionized states and X-ray photoelectron spectra of Fe(CO)5 and its photodissociation products (Fe(CO)4, Fe(CO)3) following excitation with 266 nm light. The simulated transient Fe 3p and CO 3σ XPS spectra incorporating spin-orbit coupling and high-order electron correlation effects are shown to be in a good agreement with the experimental measurements by Leitner et al. [J. Chem. Phys., 2018, 149, 044307]. Our calculations suggest that core-hole screening, spin-orbit coupling, and ligand-field splitting effects are similarly important in reproducing the experimentally observed chemical shifts in transient Fe 3p XPS spectra of iron carbonyl complexes. Our results also demonstrate that the MR-ADC methods can be very useful in interpreting the transient XPS spectra of transition metal compounds.

Polyoxometalate-derived electrocatalysts enabling progress in hydrogen evolution reactions.

Platinum-based catalysts exhibit outstanding electrocatalytic performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, platinum-based catalysts face significant challenges due to their rarity and high cost. This paper endeavors to shed light on a promising alternative: polyoxometalate (POM)-based catalysts, which possess significant potential for the synthesis of non-noble metal-based catalysts for the HER. Utilizing POMs as raw materials to assemble POM-derived materials, including POM-derived crystalline materials, metal sulfides, phosphides, carbides, nitrides, and so on, has emerged as an effective approach for the synthesis of hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts. This approach offers advantages in both stability and electrocatalytic performance. This comprehensive review navigates through latest progress in the assembly strategy and HER performance of POM-based crystal materials, alongside discussion on transition metal compounds derived from POMs, such as carbides, phosphides, and sulfides. Besides, future developments in POM-derived electrocatalyst regulation of the electrochemical HER are prospected.

Simultaneous derivatization and exfoliation of a multilayered Ti3C2Tx MXene into amorphous TiO2 nanosheets for stable K-ion storage.

Two-dimensional transition metal compounds (2D TMCs) have been widely reported in the fields of energy storage and conversion, especially in metal-ion storage. However, most of them are crystalline and lack active sites, and this brings about sluggish ion storage kinetics. In addition, TMCs are generally nonconductors or semiconductors, impeding fast electron transfer at high rates. Herein, we propose a facile one-step route to synthesize amorphous 2D TiO2 with a carbon coating (a-2D-TiO2@C) by simultaneous derivatization and exfoliation of a multilayered Ti3C2Tx MXene. The amorphous structure endows 2D TiO2 with abundant active sites for fast ion adsorption and diffusion, while the carbon coating can facilitate electron transport in an electrode. Owing to these intriguing structural and compositional synergies, a-2D-TiO2@C delivers good cycling stability with a long-term capacity retention of 86% after 2000 cycles at 1.0 A g-1 in K-ion storage. When paired with Prussian blue (KPB) cathodes, it exhibits a high full-cell capacity of 50.8 mA h g-1 at 100 mA g-1 after 140 cycles, which demonstrates its great potential in practical applications. This contribution exploits a new approach for the facile synthesis of a-2D-TMCs and their broad applications in energy storage and conversion.

NiCo-compounds inside and outside N-doped carbon nanotubes to construct a double-enhanced hierarchical structure for high energy density supercapacitors.

Attaining a high energy density that aligns with practical application requirements is a crucial indicator in the advancement of supercapacitors. In this paper, a hybrid hierarchical electrode structure of N-doped carbon nanotube (NCNT) spheres encapsulated with NiCo-Se nanoparticles (NPs) and coated with nickel-cobalt layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) multilayer nanosheets was successfully synthesized on a nickel foam (NF) substrate. The self-supporting strategy enables nickel-cobalt Prussian blue analogues (Ni-Co PBAs) to be directly attached to the NF surface, which results in fluffy NCNTs with a high length-diameter ratio and considerable yield and greatly enhances the conductivity of the electrode material. The synergistic interaction between the dual transition metal compounds inside and outside the NCNTs enables the hybrid electrode material to achieve an impressive specific capacity of 1899 F g-1 (211.0 mA h g-1) at 1 A g-1. The asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) exhibits an excellent energy density of 57.6 W h kg-1 at a power density of 798 W kg-1. This study not only provides an attractive strategy for obtaining CNTs with excellent properties from Ni-Co PBA and synthesizing hybrid electrodes with efficient synergistic effects, but also achieves a high energy density that aligns with the practical application demands of supercapacitors.

Stable room-temperature ferromagnetism and gate-tunable quantum anomalous Hall effect of two-dimensional 5d transition-metal trihalide OsX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) monolayers.

5d transition-metal compounds are usually not expected to exhibit distinct magnetic ordering owing to their substantial binding energy associated with 5d electrons. In this study, we demonstrate that two-dimensional (2D) 5d transition-metal Os trihalide OsX3 monolayers can exhibit room-temperature ferromagnetism and quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) by utilizing density functional theory and Monte Carlo simulation. Our calculation results of coexisting Raman and infrared activities of lattice vibration reveal the structural stability of 2D OsX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) and structural instability of 2D OsX3 (X = F). Furthermore, all 2D OsX3 trihalides (X = Cl, Br, I) are half-metals, and their ferromagnetism remains stable under ambient temperature, where 2D OsCl3 and OsBr3 have an in-plane easy axis while 2D OsI3 has an out-of-plane easy axis. Notably, when spin-orbit coupling is included, the gate-tunable QAHE could emerge in ferromagnetic 2D OsI3, while 2D OsCl3 and OsBr3 are topologically trivial. Additionally, the magnon bands of 2D OsX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) possess two spin-wave branches with dispersion similar to that of the Dirac cone in the electronic structure of graphene, which are attributed to the unique ferromagnetic honeycomb sublattice of osmium atoms.

Mechanistic insights into capacity discrepancies of conversion-type transition-metal compounds in wide-temperature-range lithium-ion batteries

Mechanistic insights into capacity discrepancies of conversion-type transition-metal compounds in wide-temperature-range lithium-ion batteries

Signature of Topological semimetal in harmonic-honeycomb ReO3

Transition-metal honeycomb compounds are capturing scientific attention due to their distinctive electronic configurations, underscored by the triangular-lattice spin-orbit coupling and competition between multiple interactions, paving the way for potential manifestations of phenomena such as Dirac semimetal, superconductivity, and quantum spin liquid states. These compounds can undergo discernible pressure-induced alterations in their crystallographic and electronic paradigms, as exemplified by our high-pressure (HP) synthesis and exploration of the honeycomb polymorph of ReO3 (P6322). This HP-P6322 polymorph bears a phase transition from P6322 to P63/mmc upon cooling around Tp = 250 K, as evidenced by the evolution of temperature-dependent magnetization (M-T curves), cell dimension and conductivity initiated by an inherent bifurcation of the oxygen position in the ab plane. Insightful analysis of its band structure positions suggests this HP-P6322 polymorph being a plausible candidate for Dirac semimetal properties. This phase transition evokes anomalies in the temperature-dependent variation of paramagnetism (non-linearity) and a crossover from semiconductor to temperature-independent metal, showing a temperature independent conductivity behavior below ∼200 K. Under increasing external pressure, both the Tp and resistance of this HP-polymorph are slightly magnetic-field dependent and undergo a “V”-style evolution (decreasing and then increasing) before becoming pressure independent up to 20.2 GPa. Theoretical calculations pinpoint this anionic disorder as a probable catalyst for the decrement in the conductive efficiency and muted temperature-dependent conductivity response.

Ultrathin Fe(OH)3 nanosheets coated NiCo2O4 nanotube arrays as a polymetallic catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and zinc-air battery

Developing highly efficient, low-cost and superior stable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for coping with global energy shortage and environmental crisis. In this article, a polymetallic catalyst of ultrathin Fe(OH)3 nanosheets uniformly embedded in NiCo2O4 porous nanotube arrays (Fe(OH)3-NiCo2O4/NF) was synthesized via a simple hydrothermal-annealing and electrodeposition method. Benefits from the synergistic effect and their unique interactions between Fe(OH)3 and NiCo2O4, the Fe(OH)3-NiCo2O4/NF triggers optimum electronic properties, rich multiple active sites, and favorite free adsorption energy, resulting in excellent OER catalytic activities. Meanwhile, the highly porous of Fe(OH)3 and NiCo2O4 effectively promotes a multichannel architecture for charge transfer and gas/ion diffusion to improve stability. Such core-shell Fe(OH)3-NiCo2O4/NF hybrid was used as a polymetallic catalyst, exhibiting a small overpotential of 268 mV at a current density of 50 mA cm−2 and low Tafel slope of 73.1 mV dec−1 for OER in 1 M KOH. In the battery system with Fe(OH)3-NiCo2O4/NF as the cathode and zinc sheet as the anode, the zinc-air battery (ZAB) exhibits an open-circuit voltage of 1.32 V and an instantaneous current of 0.96 A. This material provides a new idea for the coupling of amorphous materials and transition metal compound, and the application of ZAB.

Preparation of Electrodes with β-Nickel Hydroxide/CVD-Graphene/3D-Nickel Foam Composite Structures to Enhance the Capacitance Characteristics of Supercapacitors.

Supercapacitors have the characteristics of high power density, long cycle life, and fast charge and discharge rates, making them promising alternatives to traditional capacitors and batteries. The use of transition-metal compounds as electrode materials for supercapacitors has been a compelling research topic in recent years because their use can effectively enhance the electrical performance of supercapacitors. The current research on capacitor electrode materials can mainly be divided into the following three categories: carbon-based materials, metal oxides, and conductive polymers. Nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) is a potential electrode material for use in supercapacitors. Depending on the preparation conditions, two crystal phases of nickel hydroxide, α and β, can be produced. When compared to α-NiOH, the structure of β-Ni(OH)2 does not experience ion intercalation. As a result, the carrier transmission rate of α-Ni(OH)2 is slower, and its specific capacitance value is smaller. Its carrier transport rate can be improved by adding conductive materials, such as graphene. β-Ni(OH)2 was chosen as an electrode material for a supercapacitor in this study. Homemade low-pressure chemical vapor deposition graphene (LPCVD-Graphene) conductive material was introduced to modify β-Ni(OH)2 in order to increase its carrier transport rate. The LPCVD method was used to grow high-quality graphene films on three-dimensional (3D) nickel foam substrates. Then, a hydrothermal synthesis method was used to grow β-Ni(OH)2 nanostructures on the 3D graphene/nickel foam substrate. In order to improve the electrical properties of the composite structure, a high-quality graphene layer was incorporated between the nickel hydroxide and the 3D nickel foam substrate. The effect of the conductive graphene layer on the growth of β-Ni(OH)2, as well as its electrical properties and electrochemical performance, was studied. When this β-Ni(OH)2/CVD-Graphene/3D-NF (nickel foam) material was used as the working electrodes of the supercapacitor under a current density of 1 A/g and 3 A/g, they exhibited a specific capacitance of 2015 F/g and 1218.9 F/g, respectively. This capacitance value is 2.62 times higher than that of the structure without modification with a graphene layer. The capacitance value remains at 99.2% even after 1000 consecutive charge and discharge cycles at a current density of 20 A/g. This value also improved compared to the structure without graphene layer modification (94.7%).

Simple Cu2+ modification significantly improves the electrochemical performance of MXene (Ti3C2Tx) in aluminum batteries

The MXene combines the dual characteristics of layered carbon materials and transition metal compounds, which is expected to promote the further development of emerging aluminum batteries. However, the rich functional groups and highly active Ti-ions (Ti2+ and Ti3+) on the surface of MXene result in a very complex mechanism of interaction with [AlCl4]−/Al3+, which affects its electrochemical behavior and energy storage mechanism in aluminum batteries. Herein, based on the self-reducing characteristic of MXene, a composite material Ti3C2Tx@Cu is prepared by modifying the surface functional groups and crystal structure of Ti3C2Tx with Cu2+. Through characterization of bulk phase (XRD), surface (XPS), and microstructure (SEM and TEM), it was demonstrated that the introduction of Cu2+ changed the surface physicochemical and crystal structure characteristics of MXene, improving its stability in aluminum batteries. Secondly, the electrochemical performance of Ti3C2Tx@Cu in aluminum batteries is studied. The initial charge/discharge specific capacity of the aluminum batteries is close to 400 mAh/g, and the specific capacity is still higher than 110 mAh/g after 1000 cycles. Finally, the energy storage mechanism of Ti3C2Tx@Cu in aluminum batteries is discussed. The electrochemical and physical characterization have shown that it mainly involves the intercalate/de-intercalate of [AlCl4]−, accompanied by conversion reaction of some Al3+/Al.

Synthesis and properties of a ternary transition metal compound as positive electrode for high-performance supercapacitors

A nanostructured NixFeyCuz(CO3)(OH)2 electrode with a large surface area was deposited on a Ni-foam substrate using a facile hydrothermal method. The well-organized microscopic and free-standing nano-sized ternary metal compounds exhibited high electrical conductivity and competent ion transport ability. This composite is particularly attractive for high-performance power-storage systems owing to its binder-free nature and exceptional value as a current-carrying electrode. Ternary electrodes containing three transition metals have a higher entropy than binary electrodes, which reduces the movement distance of ions on the electrode surface and enhances key electrochemical advantages, thereby providing a high specific capacitance with durability and cycling stability when coated with a highly conductive electrochemical pattern. The NixFeyCuz(CO3)(OH)2 compound demonstrated remarkable specific surface area of 106 m2 g−1 and high specific capacities of 271.8 and 75.2 mAh g−1 at current densities of 3 and 15 A g−1. In addition, an asymmetric supercapacitor fabricated with the NixFeyCuz(CO3)(OH)2 compound as the positive electrode and graphene as the negative electrode exhibited a high energy density of 55.1 W h kg−1 at power and current densities of 398.5 W kg−1 and 2 A g−1, respectively, as well as a remarkable cycling stability of 84.3 %, which was maintained following 10,000 long cycles.

Applications, prospects and challenges of metal borides in lithium sulfur batteries

Although the lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery has a theoretical capacity of up to 1675 mA h g−1, its practical application is limited owing to some problems, such as the shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and the growth of Li dendrites. It has been verified that some transition metal compounds exhibit strong polarity, good chemical adsorption and high electrocatalytic activities, which are beneficial for the rapid conversion of intermediate product in order to effectively inhibit the “shuttle effect”. Remarkably, being different from other metal compounds, it is a significant characteristic that both metal and boron atoms of transition metal borides (TMBs) can bind to LiPSs, which have shown great potential in recent years. Here, for the first time, almost all existing studies on TMBs employed in Li-S cells are comprehensively summarized. We firstly clarify special structures and electronic features of metal borides to show their great potential, and then existing strategies to improve the electrochemical properties of TMBs are summarized and discussed in the focus sections, such as carbon-matrix construction, morphology control, heteroatomic doping, heterostructure formation, phase engineering, preparation techniques. Finally, the remaining challenges and perspectives are proposed to point out a direction for realizing high-energy and long-life Li-S batteries.

Multiband [formula omitted] model for Monalayer Sn[formula omitted](X=S,Se)

Multiband k⋅p models have been constructed for the monolayer SnX2(X=S,Se) based on the symmetry consideration alone. Two conductance and ten valence bands are included capable of describing the energy band dispersion, spin–orbit coupling, and strain effect, in good agreement with the first-principle results. Spin–orbit coupling strength has been confirmed. Interestingly, the valence bands show enormous change even when applying small strain due to the competition between the valence bands. SnX2 are typical transition-metal dichalcogenides compounds which have drawn extensive attention for decades, our k⋅p theory provides a simple and convenient way to understand and manipulate the optical and transport properties of these materials and their nanostructures by strain and external fields.

The Correlation between the Structures of Bimetallic Tartrate Complexes in Solutions for Laser-induced Synthesis and Sensor Characteristics of Microbiosensors Materials

Background: Determination of diagnostically significant components of biological ma-terials using enzyme-free microscopic sensors is an urgent scientific task, which is being worked on by a significant number of scientific groups in the world. This is due to the fact that microscop-ic sensor-active tracks on inert surfaces can be obtained without preliminary manufacturing of precision templates. Methods: Laser Induced Chemical Liquid Phase Deposition (LCLD) is a laser technology that al-lows the deposition of microsized conductive tracks from aqueous solutions of transition metal compounds at the focus of a laser beam. These tracks can be formed by one or two metals at the same time. The possibility of obtaining complexes in solution in which two different metals inter-act with one common coordination sphere of the ligand is of particular interest. The structure of such complexes is still insufficiently studied. Results: The present study supplements the missing information on tartaric acid complexes, which can simultaneously coordinate two metals, for example, copper, nickel, silver, iron, and cobalt. Heterophase LCLD demonstrates high sensory activity in the electrochemical oxidation/reduction of glucose and hydrogen peroxide. Bimetallic deposits can be obtained in two ways. The first method consists of successive precipitation from a solution containing an ion of one metal, then another on top of the first. The second way is to create a solution in which two metals and one lig-and are simultaneously present. Laser deposition is carried out in one stage. In practice, the possi-bility of the second method is not always realized. Conclusion: In the present work, the basic principles of the formation of heterophase bimetallic sensor-sensitive porous material with a highly developed surface under the action of laser radia-tion have been analyzed, and new reference data have been accumulated on the structure of tar-trate complexes containing two metals.

Advanced electrocatalysts with unusual active sites for electrochemical water splitting

AbstractElectrochemical water splitting represents a promising technology for green hydrogen production. To design advanced electrocatalysts, it is crucial to identify their active sites and interpret the relationship between their structures and performance. Materials extensively studied as electrocatalysts include noble‐metal‐based (e.g., Ru, Ir, and Pt) and non‐noble‐metal‐based (e.g., 3d transition metals) compounds. Recently, advancements in characterization techniques and theoretical calculations have revealed novel and unusual active sites. The present review highlights the latest achievements in the discovery and identification of various unconventional active sites for electrochemical water splitting, with a focus on state‐of‐the‐art strategies for determining true active sites and establishing structure–activity relationships. Furthermore, we discuss the remaining challenges and future perspectives for the development of next‐generation electrocatalysts with unusual active sites. By presenting a fresh perspective on the unconventional reaction sites involved in electrochemical water splitting, this review aims to provide valuable guidance for the future study of electrocatalysts in industrial applications.image

Zero-field splitting parameters within exact two-component theory and modern density functional theory using seminumerical integration.

An efficient implementation of zero-field splitting parameters based on the work of Schmitt et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 134, 194113 (2011)] is presented. Seminumerical integration techniques are used for the two-electron spin-dipole contribution and the response equations of the spin-orbit perturbation. The original formulation is further generalized. First, it is extended to meta-generalized gradient approximations and local hybrid functionals. For these functional classes, the response of the paramagnetic current density is considered in the coupled-perturbed Kohn-Sham equations for the spin-orbit perturbation term. Second, the spin-orbit perturbation is formulated within relativistic exact two-component theory and the screened nuclear spin-orbit (SNSO) approximation. The accuracy of the implementation is demonstrated for transition-metal and diatomic main-group compounds. The efficiency is assessed for Mn and Mo complexes. Here, it is found that coarse integration grids for the seminumerical schemes lead to drastic speedups while introducing clearly negligible errors. In addition, the SNSO approximation substantially reduces the computational demands and leads to very similar results as the spin-orbit mean field Ansatz.

Self-assembled microflower-like NiCo2X4 (X = O, S, Se) as electrodes for asymmetric supercapacitors

The substitution of chalcogen elements has a notable influence on the microstructure and electrochemical properties of transition metal oxides. However, the underlying mechanism necessitates clarification. In this investigation, self-assembled microflower-like NiCo2X4 (X = O, S, Se) structures were successfully synthesized, and their microstructures and electrochemical performance were systematically examined using both theoretical and experimental approaches. Theoretical analysis demonstrated that the replacement of chalcogen elements significantly enhances the energy band structure of the material, thus effectively improving its electrochemical performance. Experimental results revealed that, in comparison to NiCo2O4 and NiCo2S4, NiCo2Se4 displayed remarkable electrochemical performance, with a specific capacitance of 1899 F g–1 at a current density of 1 A g–1 and a promising rate capability (with a capacitance retention increase of up to 71.9% when the current density was elevated from 1 A g–1 to 10 A g–1). Additionally, the asymmetric device (NiCo2Se4//AC), composed of NiCo2Se4 as the positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) as the negative electrode, exhibited an energy density of 42.44 Wh kg–1 at a power density of 1600 W kg–1. As a result, this study offers novel insights into the fabrication of transition metal compounds for energy storage applications.

Tunable microstructure and microwave absorption properties of the SmCo5/Sm2Co17 binary-phase magnetic absorbent prepared via a reduction diffusion method

Magnetic materials with highly efficient microwave absorption properties, crucial for dealing with the advanced wireless communications and radar detections, have been garnering significant attentions. Rare-earth transition-metal compounds were researched as the potential candidates but still suffer from the disadvantages of complex powder metallurgy process and low serving frequencies. In this work, the novel magnetic composites consisting of SmCo5 and Sm2Co17 are developed by a reduction diffusion method. The micromorphology and the binary phase ratios of the SmCo5/Sm2Co17 could be easily modulated by simply altering the reactant concentrations. Consequently, an optimum reflection loss of − 50.2 dB and broad absorption bandwidth of 4.95 GHz at a thickness of only 2.0 mm are achieved. The improved microwave absorption properties of the SmCo5/Sm2Co17 binary-phase magnetic absorbents can be attributed to their adjustable magnetic phases and the distinctive flaky particle shape, which greatly enhance microwave absorption capabilities. This work demonstrated a feasible reduction diffusion method and proposed a new strategy of designing binary-phase magnetic materials to achieve high microwave absorption properties.

Transition metal compounds and their hybrids with carbonaceous materials for electrochemical energy storage applications

Transition metal compounds and their hybrids with carbonaceous materials for electrochemical energy storage applications