Compound Noun Phrases Research Articles

Exploring Multi-Level User Perceived Quality through Dependency Syntax Analysis and Hierarchical Clustering

The vast and unstructured data on social media platforms offer insights into user-perceived quality, presenting a novel avenue for new energy vehicle companies to analyze product quality. In response, this study introduces a methodology that integrates dependency syntactic parsing with hierarchical clustering to derive multi-level insights on user-perceived quality. Initially, we employ dependency syntactic parsing and part-of-speech tagging to identify compound noun phrases within comments. These phrases serve as a specialized out-of-vocabulary library pertinent to the new energy vehicle sector, from which a selection of words is chosen as potential evaluation metrics. Subsequently, we utilize Word2Vec to develop word vectors from automotive forum corpora. Leveraging these word vectors and the identified evaluation metrics, a hierarchical clustering algorithm is then applied to establish a comprehensive three-level user-perceived quality indicator system. Experimental validation conducted on forum comment data from BYD’s new energy vehicles confirms the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed methodology. The user-perceived quality extraction method delineated in this research aids automotive firms in pinpointing areas of user interest, thereby substantially enhancing user loyalty and satisfaction.

The morphological and syntactic functions of Dagbani nominal suffixes

Abstract One of the defining morphological properties of nouns and adjectives of Dagbani (a Gur/Mabia language of northern Ghana) and related languages is the presence of suffixes that mark number (singular or plural) as well as serve as the basis for noun classification. The typical regular noun or adjective (e.g. bi-a ‘a child’) consists of a bound root (bi-) providing the lexical meaning, and a suffix (-a) which indicates the singular number of the noun. In plural form, the suffix is replaced by a different one that marks plurality: (bi-hi). In this paper, we show that while this broad description is generally accepted, it is much weaker than assumed in previous studies, with many inconsistencies. As our main goal, we offer a much broader analysis of the morphological and syntactic functions of the nominal suffixes. We show that these suffixes are primarily there to project lexical words as nouns and adjectives and should be referred to as nominal suffixes used to inflect inherent nouns and derive nouns and adjectives from verbs. The nominal suffixes are also crucial to distinguishing between different compound nouns and noun phrases. The paper is largely descriptive, with no specific theoretical approach assumed.

Reassembling Fragmented Entity Names: A Novel Model for Chinese Compound Noun Processing

In the process of classifying intelligent assets, we encountered challenges with a limited dataset dominated by complex compound noun phrases. Training classifiers directly on this dataset posed risks of overfitting and potential misinterpretations due to inherent ambiguities in these phrases. Recognizing the gap in the current literature for tailored methods addressing this challenge, this paper introduces a refined approach for the accurate extraction of entity names from such structures. We leveraged the Chinese pre-trained BERT model combined with an attention mechanism, ensuring precise interpretation of each token’s significance. This was followed by employing both a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and an LSTM-based Sequence Parsing Model, tailored for sequence annotation and rule-based parsing. With the aid of a rule-driven decoder, we reconstructed comprehensive entity names. Our approach adeptly extracts structurally coherent entity names from fragmented compound noun phrases. Experiments on a manually annotated dataset of compound noun phrases demonstrate that our model consistently outperforms rival methodologies. These results compellingly validate our method’s superiority in extracting entity names from compound noun phrases.

How to Perform English Word Stress on English Pronunciation

Word stress is a suprasegmental feature in English pronunciation. The word stress supports the correct articulation of English pronunciation. This qualitative research revealed the position of stress in English words. This research captured the pattern of English word stress. There are several phonologists discussing the word stress such as Chomsky, Hale, and Giegerich. The data taken was from the Oxford English Dictionary and from the English native spoken by observing, reading, listening, and noting. The way to analyze the data applied the textual analysis. The result of this research is the pattern of the English word stress articulation. From this research, it is known that the number of syllables determines the position of the stress. The ultimate stress occurs in two-syllable words. The penultimate and antepenultimate syllables occur in the words which have more than two syllables. The stress in the first syllable occurs in one-syllable, two-syllable, three-syllable, and four-syllable words. Stress does not fall on the affixes. However, the stress falls on the preposition for phrasal verbs. There is variation of stress position on the compound nouns and noun phrases due to their formation. Knowing stress’ position while pronouncing English helps distinguish the meaning literally.

Individual Differences in Reading Spaced and Unspaced Compound Noun Phrases

Individual Differences in Reading Spaced and Unspaced Compound Noun Phrases

Leveraging syntax to better capture the semantics of elliptical coordinated compound noun phrases

Full-text scientific articles are increasingly available, but capturing the meaning conveyed within an article automatically remains a bottleneck for semantic search and reasoning systems. In this paper we consider elliptical coordinated compound noun phrases that authors use to save space in an article. Systems that do not attend to coordination would incorrectly interpret “breast or lung cancer” as a body part (breast) and a disease (lung cancer) rather than two diseases. The algorithmic approach introduced in this paper uses a generate-and-test strategy where candidate expansions for forward, backward and complex ellipses are generated from syntactic dependencies. Dependencies are also used to create a dictionary of non-coordinated noun phrases that is used during the test phrase. Experiments on 21,280 full-text articles show that more than a million noun phrases were impacted by coordinated ellipses. The system achieves 73.07% precision, 75.38% recall, 74.23% F-score and 94.72% accuracy for new noun phrases in the development set. The precision was higher for backward (82.62 vs. 78.63) and forward expansions (64.82 vs. 60.17) and lower for complex expansions (63.41 vs. 72.59) in a test set. On average 10.79% of all noun phrases would be missed if coordination were not resolved, which corresponds to 48 new noun phrases per article in the journal Carcinogenesis, 52 new phrases per article in Diabetes, and 56 new phrases per article in Endocrinology. Results also show coordinated ellipses are more prevalent in abstracts (12.31% of all noun phrases) than in the body of an article (10.70%). To further test the generalizability of this approach the system (without modification) was used on two new collections.

Processing of nominal compounds and gender-marked determiners in aphasia: Evidence from German

The present study tests theories about the representation of compound nouns and grammatical gender in the mental lexicon. Comprehension and production of determiner–compound-noun phrases were examined in three aphasic native speakers of German, a language that marks grammatical gender on definite determiners of nouns.In picture naming, participants were more impaired in retrieving compounds than matched simple nouns and showed different error patterns. However, retrieving the correct determiner was equally impaired for compounds and simple nouns. Clear dissociations between impaired determiner retrieval in production and relatively preserved processing of determiner–noun phrases in comprehension were observed for existing compounds and simple nouns. In contrast, processing of novel compounds was more impaired in both modalities, and gender-mismatch effects were especially observed for novel compounds. The results support the account of decomposed word forms and holistic lemma representations of compound nouns in the mental lexicon.

物性结构理论在汉语研究和教学中的应用Apply the “Qualia Structure” Theory to the Chinese Research and Teaching

本文在介绍了“物性结构”理论的基础上，结合汉语名词的实例，对“时间性、施事名词、复合名词和名词短语、多义性”等方面问题进行了探讨，阐述了物性结构的四个不同要素是决定名词不同语义特征侧面的根本原因，并特别指出其中的“目的功能”和“产生由来”两要素在决定名词语义特征中的对立。本文最后总结了这一理论的优点，提出了在汉语研究和教学中适当采用“物性结构”理论的建议。 This paper mainly introduced the “qualia structure” theory, based on it we explained that 4 roles of “qualia structure” determined the different aspects of semantic features of the noun by using some examples which involved the problems such as “time, agent noun, compound noun & noun phrase, and polysemy” in the field of Chinese noun research. Especially, we pointed that 2 roles, “telic role and agent role” behave oppositely when they determine the semantic features of the noun. Last, we summarized the advantages of this theory and suggested that “qualia structure” theory should be applied widely to the Chinese research and teaching.

구문 다양성 해소를 위한 복합명사구 색인 방법

복합명사구는 단일어보다 명확한 의미를 갖기 때문에 의미적 정보처리에서 중요한 요소로 사용된다. 하지만 명사구의 표현형태의 다양성 때문에 같은 의미를 갖고 있다 할지라도 그 동일성을 판단하기 어렵다. 이에 본 연구에서는 이러한 구문 다양성 해소를 위해 복합명사구 색인 방법을 제안한다. 본 연구의 최종목적은 다양한 형태로 표현된 동일한 의미의 명사구를 동일한 형태의 색인어로 표현하는 것이며, 이를 위해 다음과 같은 과정을 따른다. 먼저 복합명사구 인식을 위한 규칙 템플릿을 생성하고, 국내학술논문 집합에 적용하여 복합명사구들을 추출한다. 일반적으로 복합명사구는 특정성이 크다. 이에 이를 고려한 색인어 합성규칙을 제안하고, 추출된 명사구에 적용한다. 본 연구의 성능을 객관적으로 평가하기 위해 HANTEC 2.0 테스트셋을 이용하였으며, 그 결과를 기준모델과 비교하였다. 실험과 비교를 통해 본 논문에서 제안하는 색인방법이 검색 정확률 향상에 긍정적으로 영향을 미치며, 정보검색의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. Compound noun phrase (CNP) is important factor for semantic information process because the meaning of the CNP is more disambiguous than that of single word. However, the CNP can be expressed in various types even though it expresses same meaning. It is called syntactic diversity. It makes information system difficult to grasp sense identity. In order to resolve the syntactic diversity in this research, we propose an indexing method for compound noun phrase. The main purpose is to make identical index term for various types of CNPs which has same meaning. To do so, the research follows next steps. For the first, we make rule template and utilize the template to extract CNPs from set of domestic research papers. In general, the CNP has a unique meaning. Considering the characteristic, we suggest synthesis rules of index terms and apply the rule to CNPs extracted in previous step. For the objective performance evaluation of the research, a test set, HANTEC 2.0, was utilized and the result was compared to baseline model. Through the experiment and the evaluation, we have confirmed that the indexing method suggested in this paper could positively affect retrieval precision and improve performance of the information retrieval.

명사 의미 부류를 이용한 연속된 명사열의 구묶음

This paper presents chunking strategy of a contiguous nouns sequence using semantic class. We call contiguous nouns which can be treated like a noun the compound noun phrase. We use noun pairs extracted from a syntactic tagged corpus and their semantic class pairs for chunking of the compound noun phrase. For reliability, these noun pairs and semantic classes are built from a syntactic tagged corpus and detailed dictionary in the Sejong corpus. The compound noun phrase of arbitrary length can also be chunked by these information. The 38,940 pairs of `left noun - right noun`, 65,629 pairs of `left noun - semantic class of right noun`, 46,094 pairs of `semantic class of left noun - right noun`, and 45,243 pairs of `semantic class of left noun - semantic class of right noun` are used for compound noun phrase chunking. The test data are untrained 1,000 sentences with contiguous nouns of length more than 2randomly selected from Sejong morphological tagged corpus. Our experimental result is 86.89% precision, 80.48% recall, and 83.56% f-measure.

Phoneme monitoring in silent naming and perception in adults who stutter

The present study investigated phonological encoding skills in persons who stutter (PWS). Participants were 10 PWS (M=31.8 years, S.D.=5.9) matched for age, gender, and handedness with 12 persons who do not stutter (PNS) (M=24.3 years, S.D.=4.3). The groups were compared in a phoneme monitoring task performed during silent picture naming. The phonological complexity of the target items in the task was varied such that participants monitored either compound words or noun phrases. Performance in this task was compared to phoneme monitoring performed on aurally presented target words to investigate whether any differences observed in silent naming were also evident in perception. Analysis of the response time data, in milliseconds, indicated that PWS were significantly slower as compared to PNS in phoneme monitoring during silent naming; group differences were not obtained in the perception task. The groups were also comparable in the response time to phoneme monitoring within compound words and noun phrases in both silent naming and perception. The findings suggested that PWS were slower in the encoding of segmental, phonological units during silent naming. Furthermore, absence of such differences in perception ruled out a general monitoring deficit in PWS. Findings are interpreted within the context of the psycholinguistic theories of stuttering that postulate phonological encoding and/or monitoring as a causal variable in stuttering.Educational objectives: As a result of this activity, the participant should: (1) describe relevant literature on phonological encoding skills in children and adults who stutter, (2) identify paradigms that can be used to investigate phonological processing in PWS, and (3) discuss the role of phonological encoding in speech production.

Logical Subjects, Grammatical Subjects, and the Translation of Greek Person and Number Agreement

In Greek as well as in many languages, the verb agrees with its subject in number and in person. Such an agreement is reflected morphologically on the verb through suffixation. If the subject is a compound noun phrase, that is, NP + NP, the general tendency for Greek verbs is to agree with the NP closest to them. However, agreement can also be controlled by the logical subject, or the grammatical subject, or both. The present article argues that the failure to clearly identify the controller of agreement in Greek has led to translations that are exegetically and theologically questionable. This point is proven by the analysis of three key texts from the Greek New Testament and their translation into English, French, Spanish, and a number of African languages. The passages studied in this article are Galatians 1:8, 2 Thessalonians 2:16–17 and Colossians 2:1–2.

Repetition blindness: Levels of processing.

Repetition blindness (RB) is the failure to detect or recall repetitions of words in rapid serial visual presentation. Experiment 1 showed that synonym pairs are not susceptible to RB. In Experiments 2 and 3, RB was still found when one occurrence of the word was part of a compound noun phrase. In Experiment 4, homonyms produced RB if they were spelled identically (even if pronounced differently) but not if spelled differently and pronounced the same. Similarly spelled but otherwise unrelated word pairs appeared to generate RB (Experiment 5), but Experiment 6 produced an alternative account. Experiments 7 and 8 demonstrated that repeated letters are susceptible to RB only when displayed individually, not as part of two otherwise different words. It is concluded that RB can occur at either an orthographic (possibly morphemic) level or a case-independent letter level, depending on which unit (words or single letters) is the focus of processing.

English compound versus non-compound noun phrases in discourse: an acoustic and perceptual study.

The aim of the present paper is to describe, in acoustic and perceptual terms, the prosodic pattern distinguishing English compound and non-compound noun phrases, and to determine how information structure and position affect the production and perception of the two forms. The study is based on the performance of ten English-speaking subjects (five speakers and five listeners). The test utterances were three minimal-pair noun phrases of two constituents, excised from conversational readings. These were analyzed acoustically, and submitted to the listeners for semantic identification. The results indicate that the distinction, when effective, lies primarily in the different prominence pattern: a sequence of an accented constituent followed by an unaccented one in compounds, and of two accented constituents (the second heard as stronger than the first) in non-compounds. It is also based on a different degree of internal cohesion, stronger in compounds and weaker in non-compounds. F0, associated or trading with intensity, has proved to be the main cue to this distinction--more than duration, the major differentiating parameter in production. When an item is excised from the context, the perception of the intended category depends heavily on the communicative importance it had in the discourse. This means that information structure, through its effects on accentuation, becomes the determining factor in the perception of the distinction. The distinctive accentual pattern weakens or is completely neutralized when the test items convey old information. The degree of deaccentuation also seems to be affected by an immediately following focus, and, to a certain extent, by position. The data are viewed in the framework of speaker-listener interaction, and it is argued that deaccentuation, as well as accentuation, can have a communicative function.

Perception of Syntactic Stress in Alaryngeal Speech

This project was a perceptual investigation of syntactic stress in alaryngeal speech. The ability to signal syntactic stress in American English was assessed by obtaining tape recordings of minimally differentiated noun compound-noun phrase pairs (e.g., GREENhouse vs. green HOUSE) from four normal and 16 laryngectomized speakers using four different types of alaryngeal speech. The recordings of these compounds and phrases were presented to 30 listeners for identification using a two-interval-forced-choice procedure. As expected, the four normal speakers were able to achieve high (96% or above) levels of stress contrast. The compound/phrase stress contrasts were also achieved at a high level of proficiency (93% or above) by all four conventional esophageal speakers, all four tracheoesophageal shunt speakers, all four users of the Western Electric #5 electronic artificial larynx, and two of four users of the Servox electronic artificial larynx. Comparisons were made with the results of similar experiments on intonation, contrastive stress, and lexical stress. The findings highlight the contributions that study of clinical samples may make to questions about speech production and perception.