Text Components Research Articles

Reexamining feedback on L2 digital writing

The integration of digital multimodal composing (DMC) in the second language (L2) and heritage language (HL) classrooms has expanded our notion of writing, shifting from a focus on the written mode to include other modes of expression (e.g., visual, textual, or aural). Notwithstanding the increasing presence of L2 multimodal learning tasks, which combine different semiotic resources (e.g., language and visual components such as images or videos) as intrinsic elements used to generate meaning, instructors have not yet modified the way in which they provide feedback. That is, despite the increasing integration of different modes in a multimodal task, instructors still focus exclusively on language development – replicating the feedback behaviors modeled by non-digital writing assignments – rather than on all the components of multimodal texts. In digitally influenced environments and societies, however, there is a need to reconsider our approaches to feedback to pay greater attention to the linguistic and nonlinguistic elements of DMC. With the scarcity of research on feedback in DMC, this article first identifies a gap in multimodal teaching and research regarding the role and focus on feedback in DMC, and, second, provides an assessment rubric from which to base formative feedback that addresses both linguistic and nonlinguistic elements to help students develop their multimodal texts.

Communicative and Linguistic Characteristics of the Comic Discourse (on the Material of English-Language Belles-Lettres Works)

The article deals with the investigation of the communicative and linguistic features of the comic discourse on the basis of the English-language fictional works by M. Spark, R. Dahl, K. Vonnegut Jr, I. Shaw, R. Carver and K. Barry. The author represents the description of a comic discourse in terms of Linguistic Pragmatics. Extra-linguistic components of the literary text creating and actualizing, which include pragmatic characteristics, social and cultural factors, psychological peculiarities, cognitive component and paralinguistic supplement, are described. The article also provides a detailed classification of comic discourse linguistic components on the material of belles-letters communication in the works of aforementioned writers. All linguistic characteristics within five groups, according to the violation/lack/incompleteness of the discourse certain communicative qualities disclosure, are distinguished. Besides, there is a thorough analysis of the presupposition as a constituent part in the comic discourse definition. The article dwells on the interlocutors’ micro and macro presuppositions introducing, the absence of which leads to non-cooperative communication with, predominantly, a comic effect. The results of the experiment show that the participants’ (readers’ particularly) background knowledge helps them interpret a literary discourse. The article continues the study of special special means and techniques of comic effect producing that provides a further understanding of the authors’ individual styles.

An Analysis Of PBSI Students' Ability and Component Levels Of Narrative Texts

This research was structured with two objectives, the first, to describe the ability to write personal narrative essays of PBSI USD students with Storybird media. Second, describe what components of narrative writing need to be improved in Creative Writing lectures. This research is included in quantitative descriptive research. The population in this study were sixty-nine PBSI USD students who took the Creative Writing course. The source of the data in this study is the result of a narrative essay made by the sixty-nine PBSI USD students who took the Creative Writing course. To determine the level of ability to write narrative descriptions, the components of narrative writing that have not been mastered by students include orientation, complications, evaluation (if any), resolution, code, linguistics of narrative essay, and spelling. This research data collection was carried out using a narrative writing test using the Storybird media. Based on the results of calculations and data analysis, two results were obtained from this study. First, the ability to write narratives of personal experiences of PBSI USD students using Storybird is in the medium category with an average of 5,33, the standard deviation of 1.94, and is in the score interval of 4.36-6.2. Second, there are two narrative components that need to be improved in creative writing training, especially in narrative writing. The two components include the structure of the narrative text and linguistic components at the phonological, morphology, syntax, and spelling levels.

Параллельный корпус славянского Паримейника: состав, структура и разметка вспомогательных текстов

The article presents a classifying analysis of ancillary texts in Old East Slavonic hand-written copies of Parimejnik (Old Testament lectionary) from the 12 th – 14 th centuries. It aims to establish parameters for the analytical markup in Parimejnik subcorpus from the "Manuscript" historical corpus, to provide searching based on the fragments values, to demonstrate corresponding fragments in addition to the already existing aligned visualization of manuscripts based on temporal characteristics (dates, days of a week, and services), as well as paroemias and their components (headings and biblical verses). In the text-critical sense, the authors describe components of ancillary texts in various sections of the manuscripts (Nativity-Epiphany, Triodia, Synaxarion), their specificity, and mutual correlation. The variation of ancillary texts in different copies has been discovered, which complicates comparison and alignment in the parallel corpus. From the applied linguistics point of view, the authors propose a classification of the ancillary text components according to several criteria (function, method of execution, the presence of a biblical/hymnographic source, and the place in the sequence of rites). A system of their identifiers and fragmentation parameters into elementary components to establish links in a parallel corpus was also proposed. As a result, it will ensure the search and visualization of fragments of the same type in the corpus.

Electronic creolized popular science text

The article is devoted to the examination of the mechanism of interaction of the verbal and nonverbal sign systems in popular science texts. The study reveals that the interaction of the verbal and nonverbal components of a popular science text is aimed at conveying information, promotes the reader’s interest in this information, forms a convincing image of the discovery, research, or news from the world of science, and helps the reader to retain information in their mind for a longer period of time. The specificity of the comparability of the verbal and nonverbal components of the text is established at the content, content-linguistic, and content-compositional levels. The compositional-spatial elements of a popular science text are characterized and their functions are identified as drawing attention to significant events, informing, and forming an assessment. The study demonstrates that the coloristic component of a popular science text also functions as its semantic component.

The Effects of Dance Movement Therapy in the Treatment of Depression

Two essential components make up the semantic information that was used to pinpoint the video events. They consist of: (a) A spatial component of a video frame, such as the scenery, visible people, and visible objects. (b) A temporal component that is represented by a series of video frames across time, such as the actions of a character or the movements of an object. The video's audio, video, and text components are examined in order to provide the higher-level semantic data. The semantic structure of the movie is discovered using a variety of cues from many modalities, such as auditory and visual elements, bridging the gap between high level semantic notions and low level qualities. A video contains three distinct modalities. The three are as follows: (1) Visual modality, which refers to the scene seen in the video; (2) Auditory modality, which refers to spoken words, background music, and other noises; and (3) Textual modality, which refers to written materials that describe the subject matter of the movie.
 There are numerous video databases and a sizable amount of video data in general. Even while there are tools for maintaining and exploring these collections, many decision-making applications increasingly require tools to extract the critical information hidden in the video data.

Terminological system of the polycode text theory

The formation of the terminological system of the polycode text theory as part of the lexical system of the Russian language is the current interest of Russian scientists’ research. The purpose of the proposed study is to overview the existing terms describing a complex text that combines series of semiotically heterogeneous codes to express a common idea. The relevance of the research is explained by the need to create a unified system of terms to describe the polycode text. The material of the study are scientific works devoted to the polycode text; the authors give quotes from scientific works that have the greatest influence on the formation of the theory of polycode text. The study considers terminological pairs: polycode - creolized text; linear - nonlinear text; polycode - polymodal text; iconic - non-verbal components of a polycode text; primary - secondary polycode text; and a separate term “paragraphemic means of a polycode text.” Currently, the polycode text is implemented in various types of discourse. The largest number of scientific papers that the authors consider are composed on the material of academic, advertising, cinema and educational discourses. Interest in the polycode text as an object of scientific analysis, on the one hand, and as an instrument, on the other, is increasing in view of growing significance of digital technologies and the semiotic series accompanying them in modern communication. As the results of the study, the authors note the relevant aspects of the polycode text studies, which include the problem of decoding, the difficulties in translating the polycode text, the prospects of a comparative analysis of the polycode text on the material of several languages, and the social orientation of the polycode text.

Weak-keys and key-recovery attack for text{ TinyJAMBU }

In this paper, we study NIST lightweight 3rd round candidate text{ TinyJAMBU }. The core component of text{ TinyJAMBU } is the keyed permutation mathcal {P}_n, which is based on a non-linear feedback shift register. By analysing this permutation carefully, we are able to find good cubes that are used to build distinguishers in the weak-key setting. In particular, we show that there are at least 2^{108} keys for which TinyJAMBU can be distinguished from a random source for up to 476 rounds. These distinguishers outperform the best-known distinguishers, which were proposed in ‘Scientific Reports - Nature’ by Teng et al. We are the first to study the exact degree of the feedback polynomial mathcal {P}_n in the nonce variables. This helped us in concluding that text{ TinyJAMBU } with more than 445 rounds is secure against distinguishers using 32 sized cubes in the normal setting. Finally, we give new key-recovery attacks against text{ TinyJAMBU } using the concepts of monomial trail presented by Hu et al. at ASIACRYPT 2020. Our attacks are unlikely to jeopardise the security of the entire 640 rounds text{ TinyJAMBU }, but we strongly anticipate that they will shed new lights on the cipher’s security.

Structural and pragmatic shifts in the development of newspaper headlines in the socialist and democratic period

Abstract The newspaper headline is the first contact between the author and the recipient and in terms of stylistics, it is one of the compositional aspects of the text. In relation to the text itself, as well as to the communication partner, the headline fulfils an informative, engaging and especially in journalistic genres, persuasive function. Following the previous research focused on the 1960s, the aim of the study is to analyse and compare headlines in Slovak newspapers in the period of totalitarian and democratic establishment with a focus on the journalistic genre. The research sample, excerpted from the official discourse of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (1948 – 1956, 1961 – 1970) and the more recent Slovak mainstream e-discourse (2011 – 2021), contains almost 800 headlines to monitor the developmental tendencies of a given text component under the influence of changed extra lingual conditions. The aim of the research is to verify the expected linguistic and communicative modifications captured, for example, in a freer approach to the use of language. The given assumption expected at the structural-pragmatic level is conditioned by the dismantling of political-ideological control of the socialist period. At the stylistic-pragmatic level, we also assume a more direct and qualitatively more elaborate expressiveness in the language.

TAFM: A Recommendation Algorithm Based on Text-Attention Factorization Mechanism.

The click-through rate (CTR) prediction task is used to estimate the probabilities of users clicking on recommended items, which are extremely important in recommender systems. Recently, the deep factorization machine (DeepFM) algorithm was proposed. The DeepFM algorithm incorporates a factorization machine (FM) to learn not only low-order features but also the interactions of higher-order features. However, DeepFM lacks user diversity representations and does not consider the text. In view of this, we propose a text-attention FM (TAFM) based on the DeepFM algorithm. First, the attention mechanism in the TAFM algorithm is used to address the diverse representations of users and goods and to mine the features that are most interesting to users. Second, the TAFM model can fully learn text features through its text component, text attention component, and N-gram text feature extraction component, which can fully explore potential user preferences and the diversity among user interests. In addition, the convolutional autoencoder in the TAFM can learn some higher-level features, and the higher-order feature mining process is more comprehensive. On the public dataset, the better performing models in the existing models are deep cross network (DCN), DeepFM, and product-based neural network (PNN), respectively, and the AUC score metrics of these models hover between 0.698 and 0.699. The AUC score of our design model is 0.730, which is at least 3% higher than that of the existing models. The accuracy metric of our model is at least 0.1 percentage points higher than that of existing models.

دور القصة الرقمية في تنمية اكتساب المفردات

Digital storytelling DST is an effective combination of text, audio, and visual components. There are several techniques for teaching vocabulary: using illustrations and pictures, using expressions and gestures, and guessing from context. The combination of all these techniques is available via DST. Likewise, vocabulary is a vital skill in learning a foreign language. The acquisition of vocabulary is a critical aspect of success in using a foreign language. This research aims at investigating the role of digital storytelling in the improvement of vocabulary acquisition among students by presenting some related studies and highlighting the major results of those related studies. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher adopts the descriptive method. The results of this literature review show the effective use of digital storytelling improves vocabulary acquisition among students, enhances English language skills, supports the integration of technology, develops 21st century skills, and increases students’ motivation to learn a foreign language.

TransText: Improving scene text detection via transformer

Arbitrary shape scene text detection is still a challenging task in the computer vision community. Compared with anchor-based methods, segmentation-based methods have advantages in some respects, which detect text instances by generating accurate text components. In this paper, we propose a novel text components extraction network for arbitrary shape scene text detection. It can detect different text components through two parallel branches. In the first branch, the feature redistribution module (FRM) is proposed to extract text-related features and filter non-text information. Then, these text-related features are aggregated to generate text boundary maps. These text-related features are also fed to the second branch to progressively generate the text kernel maps. The second branch consists of a modified Transformer decoder with a multi-level progressive supervision strategy. It aims to capture spatial details and establish the dependencies between different text regions. In this way, our method can generate accurate text components without additional geometric calculations. Thanks to the powerful Transformer decoder and efficient differentiable binarization module, our method not only achieves advanced detection accuracy but also has a competitive inference speed. Specifically, with the ResNet-18 backbone, our method can run at 43.5 FPS and achieve an F-measure of 83.3% on the Total-Text dataset, 1.43 times faster than the latest state-of-the-art method. With the ResNet-50 backbone, our method achieves an F-measure of 85.2% and outperforms the latest state-of-the-art method by 0.2% on the Total-Text dataset. Code is available at: https://github.com/As-David/TransText.

GLOBALIZATION OF CULTURE IN THE MODERN WORLD AND FEATURES OF TRANSLATING NATIONAL AND CULTURAL LANGUAGE COMPONENTS

The article examines culture as an environment for the preservation of national specificity, language as the main component of culture, artistic text as a cultural phenomenon, defines the elements of national-cultural components, complies their classification, Linguistic design of each fragment of the translation should be determined by the described situation and the speaker’s communicative intention. This task is complicated by the fact that the description of the same subject/situation in different languages, even if there are complete equivalents in these languages, cannot be mutually unambiguous. Each local culture, therefore, each language has its own specific perception of reality. This specificity is expressed in the national cultural component of the text, which directly reflects the national culture served by the language. The analysis of modern literature has revealed the fact that ignoring the national cultural component of the artistic text in the translation activity leads not only to the distortion of the semantics, the content of the statements and the violation of the perception of the text both at the level of visual means and at the level of expressiveness, but in some cases — to the distortion of the content of the translated text. The results of the study have proved that when transferring national and cultural components from English to Ukrainian, various methods are used to achieve the adequacy of the translation and to solve specific pragmatic tasks, to prevent the text from being overloaded with unfamiliar or completely unfamiliar information for the reader. The conclusions obtained can be applied in translation practice when working with artistic texts, as well as in further research.

Мемы и демотиваторы о самоизоляции: коррелирующие смысловые компоненты и типы семантических отношений

The article is devoted to the study of semantic components correlation in the content of Russian memes and demotivators about mass self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sampling consisted of 1,500 Russian memes and demotivators. The application of a network approach to the analysis of the sense structure of verbal-visual polycode texts has enabled the author to identify the cases of specific semantic components correlation, and describe the types of their semantic relations, including localization, identity, attribution, temporal correlation, opposition, cause-and-effect, subject, object and instrument. The research highlights the fact that the correlation of semantic components by means of a certain type of semantic relations can reflect both objective information, certain trends and patterns observed in society, and subjective ideas about mass self-isolation. The examples of comic effect emergence are described. The cases when the correlation between semantic components is expressed verbally (both semantic components are represented in the verbal part of the polycode text), non-verbally (both semantic components are represented in the iconic part of the polycode text), synsemantically (one of the correlating semantic components is expressed verbally, and the other is depicted iconically) are analyzed. It has been noted that representation form mainly depends on the specificity of the correlated semantic components in the polycode text, and the author's individual preferences. Explicitly and implicitly expressed links between certain semantic components in the analyzed polycode texts devoted to mass self-isolation are considered. The correlation of certain semantic components of polycode texts reveals the peculiarities of perception and understanding of various aspects of this phenomenon.

Pashto and English Newspaper Discourse Analysis Perspectives Based on Halliday’s Functional Grammar

This investigation compares and contrasts the use of meta-discourse markers in Pashto and English newspaper editorials as persuasive texts. The aforementioned markers are textual components that serve Halliday's (1985) textual and interpersonal objectives while not adding to the propositional substance of the text. Whether metadiscoursal markers were used differently in English and Pashto newspaper editorials was the main research issue. The most prevalent markers from the five subcategories of Text Connectives, Illocution Markers, Hedges, Emphatics, and Attitude Markers were initially found in both English and Pashto newspapers. The frequency of appearance of these markers was then noted in a corpus of 34 editorials (15,000 words each) that were randomly chosen from a variety of English and Pashto newspapers. The significance of the total x2 obs was then demonstrated using a two-way chi square analysis. The null hypothesis of no difference was thus categorically refuted. In order to determine the relative contributions of each subcategory to the overall x 2 value, one-way chi square analysis were employed on the subcategories. Our results showed that only two of the marker subcategories were statistically significant. The many spirits that live in the communities under study are mostly to blame for this discrepancy.

Yazılım yerelleştirmede kitle kaynaklı çeviri etkinliği

Kitle kaynaklı çeviri, bir hizmet ya da ürünle ilgili içeriğin aynı anda birçok dile çevrilmesi amacıyla, gönüllü olarak bir araya gelmiş insanların gerçekleştirdiği bir yerelleştirme uygulaması olarak tanımlanabilir. Çevrimiçi platformlar aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilen kitle kaynaklı çeviri işlerinde yer alan gönüllüler, çevirmen ve/veya düzeltmen olarak projeye katkı sağlayabilirler. Kitle kaynaklı projelerde çok sayıda dile eş zamanlı olarak hızlı bir şekilde çeviri yapılabilmesi ve çeviri etkinliğinin gönüllülük esasına dayanması ya da düşük ücretlerle gerçekleştirilmesinin sonucu olarak maliyetten tasarruf edilir. Bu nedenle, bir çeviri projesinin kitle kaynaklı yapıda yürütülmesi şirketlere avantaj sağlar. Geleneksel yerelleştirme projelerinde “şelale modeli” adı verilen bir yöntem kullanılmaktaydı. Bu yöntemde, yazılım ya da uygulama geliştirildikten sonra yerelleştirme aşamasına geçiliyor; tüm metin unsurlarının bir araya getirilmesi ve çeviri işlemlerinin başlaması, ürünün piyasaya sunulmasından hemen önce gerçekleştiriliyordu. Günümüzde ise, yerelleştirme çalışmaları çoğunlukla yinelemeli ve iş birliğine dayalı yöntemlerin öne çıktığı çevik yazılım geliştirme yaklaşımlarıyla yürütülmektedir. Çevik yerelleştirme döngüsü içerisinde yer alan çevirmenler, ürün geliştirme çalışmaları devam ettikçe iş akışı içinde sürekli olarak görev alır. Geleneksel şelale modelinin aksine, çevik yerelleştirme sürecinde, çeviriler, erek kitlenin/son kullanıcıların beklenti ve gereksinimlerine yanıt verebilecek şekilde, yenilikçi çözümler üretilerek ve yazılım güncellemeleri dikkate alınarak gerçekleştirilir. Mozilla Firefox gibi açık kaynaklı yazılımlar, içerik çevirilerinde makine çevirisi sistemleri ve kendi çeviri bellekleri yanında, kitle kaynaklı çeviri olanaklarını da kullanmaktadır. Sistemde, farklı dil ve lehçelere çeviri yapan 200’ü aşkın ekip yer almakta, gün içinde binlerce metin dizgisi birçok dile çevrilmekte ve gerekli düzeltiler gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, ilk olarak yazılım yerelleştirme sürecinde çevirmenin konumu sorgulanacak; ardından, kitle kaynaklı yerelleştirme çalışmalarında çevirmenin ne gibi görevler üstlenebildiği Mozilla Pontoon yerelleştirme yönetim sistemi özelinde örneklerle açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır.

Event Construal in Text and Image. Gaze Behavior and Discourse Interpretations

The study explores the combinatorial prevalence effect in Event construal techniques in text and image components of heterosemiotic book pages. We hypothesize that their activity and contingency affect their interpretation, here tested in the oculographic experiment and discourse responses check. To proceed, we develop the parametric system applied for 100 book pages annotation and further statistical analysis. This study reveals the relevance of Truth, Type, Relation, Manageability, Completeness, Instantness, Achievement, Evaluation, Space location, Time location, Repeatability, Cause and effect parameter groups in Event construal in text and image as well as their resonance in concomitant activity. To select the samples serving as stimuli in the oculographic experiment, we apply Principal component analysis, which assigns Uniqueness indices to the samples, here ranging from 0.111 to 0.675, and provides diversity of Event construal techniques to be tested in terms of their interpretation. The results evidence that participants applied different text and image attention distribution patterns with longer fixations on text component in case the image displayed physical contact, static and desirable events. When the creation or destruction events, events-achievement, events located in time or causal events were not present in the text, the participants were more likely to address the image, not the text. Parameter activity also affects the choice of Descriptive, Narrative and Speculative discourse responses, with a restricted number of parameters stimulating Narrative discourse, with a restricted in text and vast in image number of parameters stimulating Speculative discourse, which evidences in favor of their more predetermined and predicted character. Hopefully, the results may be used to predict the interpretation effects and to further cognitive linguistic and semiotic research coordination.

An Effective Method for Detection and Recognition of Uyghur Texts in Images with Backgrounds

Uyghur text detection and recognition in images with simple backgrounds is still a challenging task for Uyghur image content analysis. In this paper, we propose a new effective Uyghur text detection method based on channel-enhanced MSERs and the CNN classification model. In order to extract more complete text components, a new text candidate region extraction algorithm is put forward, which is based on the channel-enhanced MSERs according to the characteristics of Uyghur text. In order to effectively prune the non-text regions, we design a CNN classification network according to the LeNet-5, which gains the description characteristics automatically and avoids the tedious and low efficiency artificial characteristic extraction work. For Uyghur text recognition in images, we improved the traditional CRNN network, and to verify its effectiveness, the networks trained on a synthetic dataset and evaluated on the text recognition datasets. The experimental results indicated that the Uyghur text detection method in this paper is robust and applicable, and the recognition result by improvedCRNN was better than the original CRNN network.

STRATEGIES AND TACTICS OF RENDERING THE MEDICAL AND TERMINOLOGICAL COMPONENT OF A HYBRID FICTIONAL TEXT (BASED ON “THE SURGEON” BY TESS GERRITSEN AND ITS UKRAINIAN TRANSLATION BY NATALIA HOIN)

The paper considers the strategies and tactics of rendering the medical and terminological component of a hybrid fictional text (based on “The Surgeon” by Tess Gerritsen and its Ukrainian translation by Natalia Hoin). Terminology has long been considered a hallmark of scientific and technical texts, but today we are witnessing the development of a more diverse discourse typology. Thus, fiction combines hitherto demarcated forms of discourse and produces “hybrid texts,” in which the genre and style dominant is partially changing, the demographics of the recipient audience are expanding, the professions of readers are no longer limited to the medical field.

Hermeneutics as a basis for the analysis of creolized media text.

The proposed work examines the media analysis of the modern creolized text of the media from the standpoint of classical hermeneutics of the German philosophers of the XVIII-XIX centuries and their modern followers. The aim of the author was to show the possibilities of interpreting a polycode media text using a hermeneutic approach, namely one of its leading methods – the hermeneutic circle. In connection with the study of the creolized media text, the author pays special attention to such a concept as a representative form of the object of interpretation, combining both linguistic and extralinguistic means of producing and perceiving meaning. The author analyzes both verbal and visual components of the media text from the standpoint of hermeneutics. The novelty of the research lies in the consideration of diametrically opposed points of view on the process of interpretation, from the "limitlessness" of the possibilities of this process to the complete denial of the idea itself to comprehend the meaning contained in the text, from the stimulation of newly emerging possibilities of interpretation in the form of not only verbal, but also extralinguistic means, which are so rich in the creolized media text, to nostalgia for the old "respectful" model of interpretation. The idea runs through the whole article that not only hermeneutics is the optimal basis for media analysis, but also the modern creolized media text is the best suited for the practical refraction of the principles of hermeneutics.